Bertelsmann Stiftung (ed.)

Responsible Entrepreneurship

Business and Society: Bridging the Gap Responsible Entrepreneurship Bertelsmann Stiftung (ed.)

Responsible Entrepreneurship

Business and Society: Bridging the Gap

Reinhard Mohn Prize 2016 Bibliographic informa on published by the Deutsche Na onalbibliothek

The Deutsche Na onalbibliothek lists this publica on in the Deutsche Na onalbibliografi e; detailed bibliographic data is available on the Internet at h p://dnb.dnb.de.

© 2016 Verlag Bertelsmann Stiftung, Gütersloh Responsible: Birgit Riess, Julia Scheerer Copy editor: Barbara Serfozo, Berlin Production editor: Christiane Raffel Cover design: Elisabeth Menke Cover illustration: Katrin Biller, k.zwo, Bielefeld; 4zevar / Shutterstock; vgajic / iStockphoto.com; Roberto Westbrook / Spaces Images RF / Strandperle Typesetting and Printing: Hans Kock Buch- und Offsetdruck GmbH, Bielefeld ISBN 978-3-86793-745-0 (print) ISBN 978-3-86793-754-2 (e-book PDF) ISBN 978-3-86793-755-9 (e-book EPUB) www.bertelsmann-stiftung.org/publications Contents

Contents

Foreword ...... 9 Liz Mohn

Responsible Entrepreurship in Our Time ...... 11 Birgit Riess

“Learning from the World”: Research on International Examples of Good Practice . . . . 17 Andreas Heimer, Claudia Münch, Lea Eggers

Part 1: Business as a Sociopoli cal Agent of Change – Examining Responsible Entrepreneurship ...... 23

Public Value – the Contribution of Organizations and Companies to the Common Good ...... 25 Timo Meynhardt

Rethinking Innovation – the Opportunity and Challenge of “Social Innovation” for Companies ...... 36 Jürgen Howaldt

Markets for the Good of All – How Businesses and Social Causes Are Converging . . . . 46 Felix Oldenburg

Case Studies:

Strengthening Intercultural Understanding – the Intercultural Innovation Award (BMW and United Nations Alliance of Civilizations) ...... 53

5 Contents

The “Bank for People Without a Bank” – Promoting Social Inclusion (Zweite Sparkasse) ...... 57

HP Helps Small Businesses Grow ...... 61

Turning a Perceived Disadvantage into a Competitive Advantage (Specialisterne) . . . . . 64

Part 2: Scaling and Impact – Responding to Complexity with Collec ve Ac on . . 69

Scaling Social Impact ...... 71 Christiana Weber

A Reference Model for Entrepreneurial Responsibility with Impact – Criteria and Indicators ...... 79 Julia Scheerer, Jakob Kunzlmann

Case Studies:

Tackling Youth Unemployment Together – Nestlé’s Youth Employment Initiative ...... 88

Competing Chemical Companies Working toward a Cleaner Future – Together for Sustainability ...... 93

Supporting Social Startups – Social Impact Start ...... 97

Business in the Community – a Corporate Network for Responsible Entrepreneurship . . 101

Changing Production Methods in the Textile Industry – the Sustainable Apparel Coalition ...... 106

Part 3: Governance and Regula on – How Poli cs Can Promote Compliance . . . 111

Social Compliance: Standards and Management ...... 113 Josef Wieland, Isabel Jandeisek

Understanding Corporate Responsibility in Different Varieties of Capitalism ...... 122 Gregory Jackson, Julia Bartosch

Case Studies:

Succesful Cooperative Regional Development – the ZMRN Initiative ...... 131

6 Contents

Battling Discrimination and Promoting Workforce Diversity – the Charte de la diversité ...... 135

Business as a Force of Good in the World – B Corp and Benefi t Corporations ...... 139

Responsible Entrepreneurship – Recommendations for Companies and Policymakers . . 143 Birgit Riess, Julia Scheerer, Jakob Kunzlmann

The Authors ...... 151

Interview Partners ...... 156

7 Foreword

Most people, if asked how they envision the world of the future, would be likely to respond with profound uncertainty. This is clearly in part due to the crises we face today, but is also a function of the rapid pace and complex nature of the technological, economic and societal changes currently underway, which together are creating a world increasingly marked by tran- sition, fl exibility and mobility. This leaves many feeling overwhelmed and unable to keep pace. Many people respond to these upheavals with a sense of anxiety about the future. However, these emotional responses often cloud both the creativity needed to develop innovative solu- tions and the clarity of thought required to identify new opportunities. How might we create a future marked by innovation and social inclusion, thereby fostering employment and well- being in a globalized world? The belief advanced by my husband, Reinhard Mohn, that “we need to get more people thinking,” holds more true than ever. Getting more people to think requires a culture of responsibility if we are to unleash motivation and creativity. Above all, we need more reasoned, dispassionate dialogue between stakeholders that brings everyone on board to target the same goal. Facing the challenges ahead will require the combined strength of all sectors of society. Actors in government, the private sector and civil society are called upon to work together in demonstrating their responsibility to society by showing the way forward. Together, we must aim to bring as many people as possible on board by helping them assume greater responsibility for determining the course of their own lives. Targeting social innovation in this way requires sharing the same ethic, seeking to pre- serve an open, democratic and fair society underpinned by the values of freedom, solidarity and compassion. Responsible entrepreneurship can and should have a positive impact on fostering advances in society. Aiming to help drive the debate forward, this year’s Reinhard Mohn Prize stands as a reminder of the fact that even in a context of global competition among entrepreneurs and businesses, Reinhard Mohn’s faith in the strength of compassion (“Menschlichkeit gewinnt!”) serves us all as a leitmotif.

Liz Mohn Vice-Chair of the Executive Board, Bertelsmann Stiftung

9 Responsible Entrepreneurship in Our Time Birgit Riess

Responsible Entrepreneurship in Our Time

Our society fi nds itself confronted with a broader array of challenges than ever before. Globali- zation may have brought prosperity, but it has also brought new problems. Digitization already heavily infl uences the way we make money, consume and our very way of life. However, it is simply too soon to predict the extent to which these changes will have a negative or positive impact on our society. Similarly, it is far from certain how we will deal with the consequences of demographic changes that will pervade every aspect of society. We know that the effects of demographic change will fundamentally alter the labor market, but how we manage migra- tion and integration has cast a spotlight on unresolved problems. These challenges elude easy solutions. Highly complex by nature, they are interdependent. Appropriate and effective responses to this complexity and efforts to introduce future-oriented change often fail at the national level, fi nding more success in an international context. Along- side these developments, there is a growing awareness that securing the sustainability of our economic, social and environmental systems will require contributions from all societal actors – in other words, joint efforts from politics, business and civil society. While political action is essential here, there are additional, meaningful ways in which we can support it. The Reinhard Mohn Prize 2016 takes as its subject the world of private business and ex- plores the question of how companies can make a meaningful contribution to sustainable so- cietal development – by demonstrating responsible management and proactively contributing to their social environment. This year’s Reinhard Mohn Prize draws on its namesake’s convic- tion that “companies have a contribution to make to society” and that entrepreneurs “do not have the right to stand completely apart from society” (Mohn 2004: 141). Many companies commit to contributing to the societies in which they operate. The Insti- tute for Economic Research estimates that the volume of domestic entrepreneurial engage- ment represents a fi nancial equivalent of at least € 11 billion a year (Hüther et al. 2012). But this raises two questions: What are the standards of responsible activity for companies under conditions of shifting global megatrends? And how effective is social engagement, anyway, in terms of both scale and reach? Underpinning these considerations is the understanding that responsibility does not equal charity. Companies have a decisive role to play in strengthening social fabrics and innovation in society. Companies infl uence the lives and environment of

11 Responsible Entrepreneurship in Our Time

people in our society in diverse ways with their products and services, as well as their manu- facturing and supply methods. They therefore bear responsibility – not just economically – but also in the social and environmental impact of their activity. Entrepreneurial engagement also bears an enormous social potential: the ability to solve social problems with entrepreneurial means. This is rooted in the fundamental principles of enterprise: innovation, risk-taking and resource allocation. And these principles can form an effective complement to conventional state or civil society mechanisms targeting solutions – ideally in joint initiatives. Clearly, this kind of activity also lies in the interests of companies themselves. This is because companies and society exist in complex interrelation with each other – and in a state of mutual dependence. This publication therefore examines the role of companies as social innovators in light of the dramatic shift in expectations placed upon them.

Shi ing expecta ons...

In recent decades, the debate around the social responsibility of companies has accelerated at a rate many scarcely thought possible – including those who identifi ed a fundamental para- digm shift underway, going so far as to postulate the “reinvention” of capitalism (Porter and Kramer 2011). But what has actually changed, and why? A cursory glance at the development of the “cor- porate responsibility” movement reveals that what we expect in terms of company activity in a globalized world has changed fundamentally, underscoring the need to develop new ap- proaches that make corporate responsibility more effective. In the 1970s and 1980s, the shareholder value approach dominated management literature and practice. It held that a company’s sole objective was to maximize profi ts for its sharehold- ers. This perspective failed to acknowledge that companies move within a dynamic network of relationships, and that other stakeholder groups – employees, customers, politicians and the general public – are also important. The growing infl uence of multinational corporations and the globalization of value crea- tion chains, in particular, precipitated closer scrutiny of fi rm’s economic, social and environ- mental responsibilities. In addition, the breakneck spread of information and communication technologies allowed for greater transparency, meaning that company scandals and miscon- duct quickly came to the attention of a worldwide public. Meanwhile, an increasingly vigilant civil society developed more effective campaigning skills. The economic crisis that began in 2007 served to further shake remaining confi dence in business.

… promote responsible corporate behavior

These developments were and are the drivers for companies’ increasing acknowledgment of their social responsibility. Terms such as »corporate social responsibility« (CSR), »corporate responsibility«, »sustainability« and »shared« value are now permanently affi xed to corporate

12 Responsible Entrepreneurship in Our Time

agendas. And the quality of the concepts explored under these labels has changed greatly over the course of time. While corporate responsibility previously found expression in charitable and sponsoring activities, today, the prevailing conviction holds that the core business, includ- ing the supply chain, must be aligned with economic, social and environmental factors in mind. This minimizes risks and maximizes opportunities for new business models. Another important driver was the increasing awareness among policymakers that corpo- rate social responsibility had to be both supported and mandated. At the supranational level, too, a generally shared understanding of the foundations of corporate social responsibility emerged through the ILO’s core labor standard, the OECD’s Guidelines for Multinational En- terprises, the UN Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights as well as the universal principles of the UN Global Compact. These international agreements form the reference framework for a multiplicity of management guidelines as well as rating and reporting sys- tems. The European Commission also plays an important part here, with its conviction that so- cially responsible corporate behavior can make a fundamental contribution to sustainable and integrative businesses in Europe. With the 2001 publication of the green paper “European Framework for Corporate Social Responsibility” (European Commission 2001), the Commis- sion defi ned for the fi rst time what it understood this social responsibility to be – “a concept whereby companies integrate social and environmental concerns in their business operations (...) on a voluntary basis” (ibid.: 8) – and how the necessary framework conditions might be created. Demonstrably dissatisfi ed with what had been achieved to date, the Commission shifted its policy strategy from encouragement to obligation. In the new strategy presented in 2011, com- panies were generally held responsible for their impact – both negative and positive – on soci- ety (European Commission 2011). To lend weight to its demand for responsible action, in 2013, the European Commission ordered large companies to provide greater transparency in social and environmental matters. The extent to which a binding reporting requirement, such as the one that will come into effect in Germany in 2017, is able to not just sanction undesirable ac- tions, but also open up potential for CSR remains to be seen.

Companies and their contribu on to society

The urgent need for businesses to actively assist with the major challenges of our time was illustrated by two major events of recent years: the signing of the climate agreement in Paris and the Sustainable Development Goals agreed by the General Assembly of the United Na- tions in New York. Both agreements foresee an active role for companies and business in the implementation of their respective catalogs of goals. The largest and most important network in the world for responsible management, the UN Global Compact, emphatically calls for companies to mobilize in the effort to reach the 17 sustainability goals. And the fi nal docu- ment of the UN Conference on Development Finance in Addis Ababa in 2015 placed a particu- lar emphasis on the creativity and innovation of business in the search for solutions that im- plement sustainability and development goals.

13 Responsible Entrepreneurship in Our Time

There is a growing recognition of the signifi cance of companies as actors or even partners in efforts to address the pressing problems of society. And the self-applied defi nition of com- panies acting as “corporate citizens,” to the extent of their abilities, ties in with their under- standing of themselves as responsible companies that have an obligation to society and are unable to act in isolation from it. The engagement of companies in social issues can also be understood as an investment in the framework conditions for their own entrepreneurial suc- cess. With high rates of youth unemployment in Europe and low equality of social opportu- nity, companies are no longer willing or able to stand aside in passive observation. Many company initiatives can cultivate social innovations and make a lasting contribution to social progress. In its international research, the Reinhard Mohn Prize 2016 searched for proof of this contribution.

About this book

This book represents the fi ndings from worldwide research into entrepreneurial solutions for societal problems. The methodology used to categorize the exemplary initiatives identifi ed is outlined by Andreas Heimer, Claudia Münch and Lea Eggers. Embedded in contributions by renowned academics, these examples illustrate a new paradigm for effective corporate en- gagement: “thinking big” about social impact from the start, including partners to ensure wide circulation and, fi nally, anchoring this approach in a way that guarantees sustainable success. The fi rst section of this volume focuses on the role of the company as a sociopolitical actor. Here, Timo Meynhardt highlights the contribution of organizations and companies to public value. Jürgen Howaldt considers the role that companies play in social innovation. Finally, Felix Oldenburg shows how companies and social concerns can grow in concert. In Section 2, Christiana Weber describes the requirements for scaling entrepreneurial ini- tiatives. Drawing on the initiatives researched, Julia Scheerer and Jakob Kunzlmann subse- quently present reference models that might serve as blueprints for effective corporate engage- ment. Section 3 examines what form the conditions for corporate engagement might take. In his contribution, Josef Wieland and Isabel Jandeisek address the normative demands made of companies today. And Gregory Jackson investigates which forms of capitalism tend to favor or hinder responsible corporate behavior. Finally, Birgit Riess, Julia Scheerer and Jakob Kunzlmann extrapolate recommendations for promoting and embodying responsible entrepreneurship in the political and entrepreneur- ial spheres.

References

European Commission. Europäische Rahmenbedingungen für die soziale Verantwortung der Un- ternehmen. Grünbuch. Brussels: European Commission, 2001.

14 Responsible Entrepreneurship in Our Time

European Commission. Eine neue Strategie für die soziale Verantwortung der Unternehmen (CSR). Brussels: European Commission, 2011. Grayson, David, and Jane Nelson. Corporate Responsibility Coalitions. Stanford: Greenleaf, 2013. Hüther, Michael, Sebastian Braun, Dominik Enste, Michael Neumann and Liliane Schwalb. Erster Engagementbericht – Für eine Kultur der Mitverantwortung. Berlin: Federal Ministry of Family Affairs, Senior Citizens, Women and Youth, 2012. Mohn, Reinhard. An Age of New Possibilities. New York: Crown Publishers, 2004. Porter, Michael E., and Mark R. Kramer. “Die Neuerfi ndung des Kapitalismus.” Harvard Busi- ness Manager 2: 58–75, 2011. Riess, Birgit. “Quo Vadis CSR? – Zukünftige Herausforderungen für die Integration von CSR in wirtschaftliches Handeln.” Corporate Social Responsibility, edited by Andreas Schneider and René Schmidpeter. Berlin and Heidelberg: Springer, 2012: 779–787.

15 The Authors

The Authors

Julia Bartosch Julia Bartosch is a Research Fellow and PhD student at the Freie Universität Berlin’s Department of Management, Human Resource Management. In 2015, she held a three-month Visiting Fellow research position at Cornell Uni- versity (Ithaca, NY). In addition to studying sociology at the Georg-August- Univeristät Göttingen and the Friedrich Schiller Universität Jena, Ms. Bar- tosch studied the sociology of technology at the Technische Universität Berlin. Her research interests include organizational and institutional theory with a focus on issues of corporate governance, corporate social responsibility and corporate environmental behavior.

Lea Eggers Lea Eggers is a Research Assistant in the Economy, Society and State division at Prognos AG, where she has focused on the role of companies in society in several research and consultancy projects. Together with Andreas Heimer and Claudia Münch, she conducted research for this year’s Reinhard Mohn Prize. In addition to studying Philosophy and Economics at the universities of Bay- reuth and Barcelona, she studied Sustainable Development at the University of Utrecht.

Andreas Heimer Andreas Heimer is Director of the Economy, Society and State division at Prog- nos AG. At Prognos, he has been involved in a variety of projects and served as a consultant on issues ranging from labor market and qualifi cation standards, to family and social policy and the cultivation of civic engagement. Mr. Heimer led the research conducted for this year’s Reinhard Mohn Prize.

151 The Authors

Jürgen Howaldt Prof. Dr. Jürgen Howaldt is University Professor and Director of the Faculty of Business, Economics and Social Sciences at the Technische Universität (TU) Dortmund. His research interests include social innovation, organizational and labor market structures, and corporate networks and regional cooperative associations. Representing the TU Dortmund’s Faculty of Business, Econom- ics and Social Sciences, the internationally renowned expert co-organized the 2011 “Challenge Social Innovation” conference held in Vienna. Since 2014, he has coordinated the “Social In- novation – Driving Force of Social Change” (SI-Drive) project within the EU 7th Framework Programme. Mr. Howaldt was invited in 2015 by Federal Chancellor Angela Merkel to partici- pate as an expert in the Second International German Forum “What matters to people.” He also served on this year’s Reinhard Mohn Prize expert panel.

Gregory Jackson Prof. Dr. Gregory Jackson is Professor of Management, Chair of Human Re- source Management at the Department of Management of the Freie Universität Berlin. He has been an International Research Fellow at the Oxford University Centre for Corporate Reputation and, in 2016, will be an Einstein Fellow at the Berlin Social Sciences Center. His research examines how corporate governance is infl uenced by diverse organizational and institutional contexts. Gregory Jackson received his PhD from Columbia University and has held positions at a variety of academic institutions in the United Kingdom, Japan and Germany. In 2014, Mr. Jackson was named by Thomson Reuters as one of the 95 most infl uential scholars worldwide in the fi eld of business and economics.

Isabel Jandeisek Isabel Jandeisek is Research Fellow at the Institutional Economics, Organisa- tional Governance, Integrity Management and Transcultural Leadership center at the Leadership Excellence Institute Zeppelin | LEIZ in Fried- richshafen, Germany. She is currently pursuing a PhD with research focusing on global standards of good corporate leadership within the context of the United Nations’ 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. Ms. Jandeisek studied Political Science and Economics at the Zeppelin University in Friedrichshafen, the Universität Biele- feld and St. Petersburg University.

Jakob Kunzlmann Jakob Kunzlmann is a Project Manager with the Business in Society program at the Bertelsmann Stiftung, where he focuses on corporate social responsibil- ity and social innovation. Prior to joining the Stiftung, he held positions as a research associate and instructor at the University of Jena working on the “Sustainability and the Financial Market” project, with Adelphi and the Fo-

152 The Authors

rum for Sustainable Investment, and as instructor at the Eberswalde University for Sustaina- ble Development. He studied Sociology with a focus on European Studies in Duisburg and Bamberg, Germany.

Timo Meynhardt Prof. Dr. Timo Meynhardt holds the Dr. Arend Oetker Chair of Business Psy- chology and Leadership and serves as Director of the center of the same name at HHL Leipzig Graduate School of Management. He has led the Center for Leadership and Values in Society at the University of St. Gallen since 2007. His research focuses on public value management, social value added and compe- tence management. He developed the St. Gallen Public Value Scorecard and published the 2014 and 2015 editions of the Common Good Atlas in Switzerland, which illustrates what major fi rms and other organizations contribute to the common good in the country. In 2015, the fi rst Common Good Atlas was created for Germany. Timo Meynhardt also served on this year’s Reinhard Mohn Prize expert panel.

Claudia Münch Claudia Münch is Project Director of the Economics, Society and the State divi- sion at Prognos AG. Within her research focusing on migration and integration as well as education and employment issues, she has coordinated several cross- national comparative studies. Together with Andreas Heimer, she directed the research conducted for this year’s Reinhard Mohn Prize. Ms. Münch received her MSc in International Economics with distinction from the University of Amsterdam.

Felix Oldenburg Felix Oldenburg is Secretary General of the Association of German Founda- tions. Prior to joining the Association, Felix Oldenburg served as Europe Leader and Director Germany for Ashoka in Berlin and Brussels, where he launched several national and international programs promoting social inno- vations as well as the Financing Agency for Social Entrepreneurship GmbH (FASE). Felix Oldenburg played a leading role in the Berlin-based change management com- pany IFOK, worked for management consulting fi rm McKinsey & Company in London, and launched his own Internet startup. He studied philosophy, political science and music at the universities of Bonn, Tübingen and Oxford, and received his Executive Master in Policy and Nonprofi t Management from Georgetown University. Felix Oldenburg also served on this year’s Reinhard Mohn Prize expert panel.

153 The Authors

Birgit Riess Birgit Riess is Director of the Business in Society program at the Bertelsmann Stiftung. Having launched this program in 2004, Birgit Riess has worked to- gether with her team to develop a conceptual framework for corporate social responsibility and innovative formats to integrate companies into social and political decision-making processes. Key initiatives here include the market- place method, the “Business for the Region/Responsible Partnerships” initiative and the Cor- porate Responsibility Index. Birgit Riess studied economics, law and social sciences and has several years’ experience as a consultant and scholar. She is a member of the CSR Forum sponsored by the German Federal Ministry of Labour and Social Affairs, serves on the jury for the German government’s CSR prize, and is a member of the State of North Rhine-Westpha- lia’s CSR Advisory Board. In addition, she is the Acting Chair of the non-profi t registered as- sociation “Unternehmen für die Region.”

Julia Scheerer Julia Scheerer has been a Project Manager with the Business in Society pro- gram at the Bertelsmann Stiftung since 2012 and lead Project Manager for the Reinhard Mohn Prize 2016. At the Stiftung, she has worked in cooperation with the German Federal Ministry of Labour and Social Affairs and the Ger- man Council for Sustainable Development on the issue of social responsibility among small and medium-sized businesses in Germany. Prior to this, she worked as a con- sultant advising businesses on sustainable development, ensuring the compatibility of family and work, and mediation and public relations. Ms. Scheerer studied sociology, political science and psychology (MA) in Bielefeld and Münster and is a certifi ed Confl ict Management Media- tor.

Christiana Weber Prof. Dr. Christiana Weber is Director of the Institute for Management and Organization at Leibniz Universität in Hanover. Her research focuses on the intersection of innovation management, (social) enterpreneurship and sus- tainability, and social network theory. Other research areas include (inter-)or- ganizational learning and knowledge transfer, organization theory and corpo- rate venture capital. A former investment manager at G+J Multimedia Ventures, she spent several years in leading positions at the international media fi rm Gruner + Jahr. Christiana Weber has authored more than 30 contributions to international journals and book publica- tions.

154 The Authors

Josef Wieland Prof. Dr. habil. Josef Wieland holds the Endowed Chair for Institutional Eco- nomics, Organisational Governance, Integrity and Transcultural Management at the Zeppelin University in Friedrichshafen and is Director of the Leadership Excellence Institute Zeppelin | LEIZ. In addition to chairing the Deutsches Netzwerk Wirtschaftsethik (DNWE) and the Forum Compliance & Integrity (FCI), he is a member of the German Federal Ministry for Labour and Social Affairs’ CSR Forum and serves on the jury for the German government’s CSR prize. He is a recipient of the Max Weber Prize for Corporate Ethics and the State of Baden-Württemberg’s Research Prize.

155 Interview Partners

Interview Partners

List of ins tu ons included in the research conducted for the Reinhard Mohn Prize 2016

Aid by Trade Foundation Ashoka Deutschland gGmbH auticon GmbH B Lab Europe B Lab BALLE Barclays Beeck Center for Social Impact + Innovation BMW Group Bosch Management Support GMBH Brotherhood of St Laurence Business in the Community Cabinet Offi ce Canon Europa N.V. Center for Social Innovation and Entrepreneurship Centre for Social Impact Centrica Centrum für soziale Investitionen und Innovationen Charta der Vielfalt e.V. Cisco Systems GmbH Citymart The Coca-Cola Company Copenhagen Business School CSR Europe Deutsche Telekom AG Die Zweite Wiener Vereins-Sparcasse

156 Interview Partners

Discovering Hands eBay Deutschland Education Development Center EMDOC Esmée Fairbairn Foundation Ethno-Medizinisches Zentrum e.V. KEDGE Business School Fairphone Fast Retailing FSI Forum für soziale Innovation gGmbH GEXSI Google.org Grab Taxi Pte Ltd HazelHeartwood CVBA Hertie School of Governance Hewlett-Packard Hitachi Europe IBM Corporation IBM Deutschland zero360 GmbH INSEAD International Youth Foundation KPMG KICKFAIR e.V. LIEN Centre for Social Innovation Marks and Spencer Multilateral Investment Fund Nestlé S.A. Not Impossible Offi ce of Social Innovation and Civic Participation Fluentgrid Ltd. Adam Opel AG Pick n Pay Protonet GmbH SAP AG Shared Value Initiative SJL Consultant Services Ltd Social Impact gGmbH Social Innovation Exchange Social Innovation Park Ltd. Specialisterne USA Specialisterne Deutschland Starbucks

157 Interview Partners

Stiftung Entrepreneurship – Faltin Stiftung Sustainable Apparel Coalition Technische Universität Dortmund Tel Aviv Global Telekom Austria Group Tesco The Aspen Institute The Crowd The DO School, Inc (LLC) The Young Foundation Together for Sustainability Unilever Unilever Deutschland GmbH UNIQLO USA Unit4 Nordic United Nations Alliance of Civilizations Universität Bayreuth Universität Heidelberg Universität St Gallen HHL Leipzig Graduate School of Management Wikimedia Deutschland e.V. Wikimedia Foundation Women Who Code, Inc. Zeppelin Universität Zukunft Metropolregion Rhein-Neckar e.V. Rhein-Neckar GmbH

158