better irrigation • better environment • better future

www.irrigationfutures.org.au

Established and supported under the Australian Government’s Cooperative Research Centres Program

© Cooperative Research Centre for Irrigation Futures, 2005 Established and supported under the Australian Government's Cooperative Designed by USQ Graphics, Media Services, DeC (05-392) Research Centres Program » CRC IF Vision

Our vision for irrigation practice and water use in Australia is that by 2020, as a nation we will have:

• Defined and implemented the principles of sustainable irrigation practice in all environments;

• Processes that resolve the water use compromises necessary for people’s needs, the environment, production and amenity.

» CRC IF Mission

We facilitate cooperative research and training networks and programs which continuously improve irrigation policy, tools, practices and processes to:

• double irrigation water use productivity;

• improve profitability for commercial irrigation enterprises; and

• protect and enhance our landscapes and environment.

» CRC IF Values

• Leadership

• Excellence

• Creativity and innovation

• Outcome focus

• Honesty and sensitivity

• Teamwork and collaboration

• Kool & funky » Contents

1 » Executive summary ...... 2 1.1 » Chairman’s Report ...... 2 1.2 » CEO’s Report ...... 3 1.3 » Chief Scientist’s Report ...... 5 2 » Governance, Structure and Management ...... 8 3 » Commercialisation, Technology Transfer, Utilisation ...... 12 4 » Research ...... 16 4.1 » Research Activity and Progress against Milestones ...... 16 4.1.1 » Policy and Planning for Change ...... 16 4.1.2 » System Sustainability – Rural and Urban ...... 20 4.1.3 » Future Irrigation – Practice and Technology ...... 23 4.2 » Future Research Directions ...... 26 5 » Education and Training ...... 29 6 » Collaboration ...... 33 7 » Specified Personnel ...... 38 8 » List of Publications and Patents ...... 39 8.1 » Books and Book Chapters ...... 39 8.2 » Refereed Journal Articles ...... 39 8.3 » Conference Publications ...... 41 8.4 » Technical Reports ...... 44 9 » Communications Strategy ...... 46 9.1 » Public Presentations ...... 47 9.2 » Media ...... 53 10 » Grants and Awards ...... 55 11 » Performance Measures ...... 56 12 » Financial Information ...... 58 12.1 » In-kind Contributions ...... 58 12.2 » Cash Contributions ...... 58 12.3 » Resources ...... 64 12.4 » Allocation of Resources between Categories ...... 65 Auditor 's Report ...... 66

[1] 1» Executive Summary

1.1 » Chairman’s Report

The CRC for Irrigation Futures operates in a water management environment dominated by the National Water Initiative, continuing rural and urban drought, the growing spectre of climate change, expanded community expectation with respect to environmental performance and agribusiness globalisation. Within this environment the CRC has made quite remarkable progress in cultivating an integrated, cooperative effort in irrigation R&D, not previously experienced within our nation. This in itself is of significance given the geographic diversity and distances between zones of irrigation and related R&D. It also illustrates the power of the CRC model in general, and that of the CRC Irrigation Futures in particular. A number of strategic initiatives have been undertaken in the last 12 months. These are intended to achieve more substantive guidance by our highly experienced board, to more effectively communicate with our partners and clients, to foster more effective adaptation and uptake of outcomes from our R&D, and to secure ongoing, expanded investor commitment. The strategic initiatives included development of: • Mechanisms to more actively engage the board members and partners in establishing investor objectives and means to deliver value to all parties • Improved participant engagement and reporting mechanisms • Targeted capacity to deliver policy and practical tools to a clearly defined need or market • A clearly articulated Research Strategy and Plan for the remaining 5 years of the CRC They, in turn, substantially underpin the strategic intents declared for Research Plan 2, these being; • optimising irrigation practice; • measuring landscape impacts of irrigation; • promoting options for community and river catchment futures; and • influencing community, industry and government. The Research Plan 2, whilst still in development is anticipated to focus on two key program themes, these being, the development of toolkits to improve irrigation practice at the enterprise level, and the development of approaches to system harmonisation in irrigation water distribution, delivery and use in a landscape context. To that end the Board has ensured that efficiencies achieved in completing Research Plan 1 will be available to enhance the significant community benefits targeted by the second stage Research Plan. Finally, the continuation of Land and Water Australia’s National Program for Sustainable Irrigation (NPSI), the relationships developed with this entity, and the emergence of other initiative such as the National Water Commission is very encouraging, as is a heightened engagement with private investor partners. This provides reinforcement to our belief that the CRC model of R&D will increasingly demonstrate a real return on the funds, capacity and intellectual commitment applied to irrigation R&D, and an extremely important contribution to the industry’s ability to address effectively, the challenges of the “triple bottom line” Peter Hayes Board Chair

[2] Cooperative Research Centre for IRRIGATION FUTURES 1.2 » CEO’s Report

The second year of CRC for Irrigation Futures operations has seen a dramatic upturn in activity and outputs. We have clearly moved from engagement and establishment to performance and delivery. This report details both the collaborative leadership being provided in delivering on our first stage research plan and importantly, the extensive activities and capacity of our in-kind personnel embedded in irrigation communities Australia wide. The CRC’s key organisational achievements during the past 12 months have included: • Growth in core partners from 13 to 14 with an additional gross investment into the CRC of just under $2 million; • Successful establishment of a corporate governance and administrative infrastructure which is providing confidence to our Board and partners; • Successfully capturing the knowledge and vision of our 11 board members through their active involvement in board subcommittees and direct project support; and • Establishment and operation of effective project input and output reporting mechanisms which not only allow the efficient delivery of this report but importantly support project managers and officers in achieving our business targets. From a project point of view our achievements are extensive and varied as demonstrated in the following pages. Evidence of this performance is possible because: • The CRC has brought together 112 of Australia’s best irrigation researchers to work collaboratively on over 33 projects over the past 2 years; • CRC activity has occurred in every state in Australia with significant international linkages being expanded upon and new ones explored; • The CRC has managed to utilise 94% of the committed in-kind resources for the first two years of operation; • Although in-kind expenditure on research activities is near budget, cash expenditure is below budget allowing a planned re-allocation of these funds toward second stage research plan objectives in years 3-7; • The efforts of CRC personnel have resulted in 96 publications and reports and over 160 public presentations and media reports – building our brand presence, exposure and relevance in the industry; • The relevance and capacity of the research grouping established under the CRC banner has generated just under $0.35 million in external revenue to the CRC over the last 2 years; • The CRC has established sound strategic relationships with other key players in our market including the National Program for Sustainable Irrigation (NPSI), Water for A Healthy Country and a range of other relevant CRC’s;

[3] • The CRC is increasingly being requested to provide strategic input into state and national planning processes; and • CRC personnel and processes are now strongly involved in policy development processes in many of our partner states and increasingly at a Commonwealth level. The extent of the work and collaboration carried out over the past 12 months has given the CRC management and its board the confidence to clearly communicate the following key messages to our irrigation community: • The existence of significant latent potential for productivity improvement within broad acre irrigated agricultural systems using current technology; • Progress toward “Precision Irrigation” Systems brings specific sustainability challenges; • Movement forward will require a highly “Professional” Irrigation Industry; and • Irrigators must increasingly become water managers within a catchment context – and to reconnect positively with their environment (surface and ground water systems). Our success in getting thus far has emboldened us to strive for a much more visionary and proactive second stage research plan (RP2, see Section 4.2). The conceptual phase of this planning process is now virtually complete with Interim Theme Leaders for the RP2 process working along side Program leaders from RP1 during the 05/06 year. Our focus as an organisation over the next 12 months will be to capitalise on the value of our first stage research investments through to delivery of high quality research and knowledge transfer products in order to build confidence and support for a very exciting future for our organisation and the industry we serve. I am confident that promotion and utilization of our existing research outputs coupled with the visionary leadership of our RP2 planning personnel will deliver the collective engagement and targeted achievable goals necessary to live up to the expectations of our partner organisations, the Commonwealth Government and our industry at large.

Matthew K Durack Chief Executive Officer

[4] Cooperative Research Centre for IRRIGATION FUTURES 1.3 » Chief Scientist’s Report

Progress within the Research Plan 2003 – 2005

Many of the projects initiated in the first year of the CRC for Irrigation Futures had significant components of scoping the extent, direction and possible improvement of irrigation practice and its wider effects. This has generally meant a lot of time spent on engagement processes both within the CRC and with the diverse stakeholders. As can be learned from the Research Program reports there are many fundamental questions being addressed in the current project activity. These include: • What is the future of irrigation in particular regions and how are we to adapt to this future? • What irrigation development could and should northern Australia encourage? • What is irrigation producing and what community effect does it have? • How is irrigation water governed and what opportunities for improved productivity exist? • How can we cost effectively measure water, salt and nutrient distributions and the effects on crop productivity to better inform irrigation management? • What are the opportunities for improved rural and urban irrigation practice and how can these be achieved? • What is the effect of Australian water policy reform and how is the irrigation sector adapting to this reform process? Links to the big picture, irrigation sustainability issues

The overarching concern for irrigation in Australia and much of the world is continued access to water of suitable quality. Our awareness of the limits to available water within any year has been heightened by the ongoing dry conditions in much of Australia for the last 3 years. This, along with the increasing demand for water from urban and industrial users and concerns for water dependant ecosystems means that the future for irrigation is likely to change – both in its location and in its practice. For irrigation dependant communities this is a potentially threatening thought and so it is important that the CRC assists with identifying what the opportunities and threats might be and how best to prepare for and adapt to these changes. With a much heightened focus on available water resources in Australia it is not surprising that attention should increasingly turn to assessing possibilities of using more of the water in northern Australia. However there are many concerns that should be addressed if irrigation, conservation and resource preservation are to exist viably and sustainably in northern Australia, hence the involvement of the CRC in the Northern Australian Irrigation Futures Project.

[5] In southern Australia with its well developed irrigation areas the issue of access to adequate quantities of acceptable quality water remains a critical issue. The demand for water has precipitated the need to more clearly establish the legalities of water ownership, its governance and the roles of various levels of management. This has been and remains complex although recent reforms in which CRC staff have been influential have begun to use more systematic and consistent nomenclature and arrangements to both describe and trade irrigation related water. As irrigation dependant communities become increasingly aware of the importance and value of water to them they need to become more informed about what irrigation produces and what impacts it has. Our experience has been that the irrigation community is well versed in describing its local effects but there is generally a very limited appreciation of the full extent and interdependency of irrigated activity. Identifying, quantifying and being able to articulate what irrigation does, how it does it, what resources are used, what positive and negative impacts it can have are important if the case for access to resources and the contribution to society is to be made. Projects within the CRC that bring this information together in an objective way also assist in directing where research can be most beneficial. The concern for continued access to quality water has been as much an issue in urban situations as in irrigation settings. A renewed interest in efficient urban irrigation has been accompanied by interest in use of recycled water. While this is to be encouraged it is vitally important that the limits to good practice in relation to nutrient and salinity be clearly identified and acted upon. The processes of salt accumulation and nutrient cycling are common in rural and urban irrigation settings - both need ongoing attention. Our research is showing that as water management in precise irrigation applications gets more controlled so the importance of actively managing salt increases. Understanding the limits in different environments and with different practices and devising appropriate management to sustain irrigation will be an increasing part of our future research.

better irrigation

[6] Cooperative Research Centre for IRRIGATION FUTURES Effectively linking with our stakeholders

During the last year there has been significant improvement in the level of internal communication with workshops on measurement techniques and tools and on soil, groundwater, irrigated crop and irrigation system models. We are reaching out and sharing awareness and expertise among the irrigation research community. Our connections to the range of irrigation interested stakeholders has largely been through the activities within the Zones, ranging from formal meetings in Northern Australia, to a Summer Zone tour in northern NSW, to an interactive session with the Winter Zone Advisory Group, and a focus meeting of urban water utilities interested in irrigation. At the end of the second year of the CRC, there is clear evidence of much increased collaborative behaviour particularly among the Senior Management Group that is expressed through the planning and implementation of projects. In my twenty five years as an irrigation researcher, I see connections between irrigation researchers and extension at an unprecedented level. This augurs well for greatly improved capacity and improved irrigation system performance. Education connections

We have been able to attract a substantive cohort of postgraduate students undertaking projects across the full range of research areas of the CRC. There is good evidence of commitment, both from the students and their supervisors, to make the most of the CRC connections. I am generally pleased with the quality of the student project planning although connection to existing CRC projects has not been as strong as we would like. We will address this in subsequent student intakes. We have recognised the need for raising our shared capability through internal training opportunities. This process has begun with a focus on training in techniques and tools for irrigation experiments and further training in the use of model packages to use in planning, experimental design and recording, and in predictive capability. Dr Wayne Meyer Chief Scientist

better environment better future

[7] 2 » Governance, structure and management

The CRC for Irrigation Futures exists as an unincorporated joint venture but operates within corporate governance guidelines established under corporations law. The CRC is governed by a board chaired by Peter Hayes. The board is appointed by our partners, who have similar rights and responsibilities to shareholders within a corporate environment. The CRC is managed by the Chief Executive Officer, Matthew Durack who is accountable to the Board. The day-to-day management of the CRC is undertaken by the senior management group. The team consists of five dedicated management positions and six research program and four zone leaders drawn from our partners. The team meets regularly on a face-to-face basis and by teleconference fortnightly. The CRC places significant importance on being regionally active and nationally significant. The CRC has established four zones, three covering broad agro-climatic zones and an urban zone, to act as the doors and windows to the CRC. Over time the Zones will operate as the doorway for Zone specific research issues to be addressed within the CRC. Partners and supporting Institutions

The CRC has 14 core partners, representing six Universities, four State Departments, two Water service provides and two National bodies. Together our partner organisations have committed $43.7 million in staff time and support and a further $6.0 million cash to the CRC over seven years. The following institutions were partners in 2004-2005: Australian Government Land and Water Charles Sturt University CSIRO Goulburn-Murray Water New South Wales Department of Primary Industries Queensland Department of Natural Resources & Mines South Australian Research and Development Institutes Sun Water Victorian Department of Primary Industries University of Melbourne University of New England University of South Australia University of Southern Queensland University of Western Sydney

Supporting institutions in 2004-2005 were: BSES Ltd Irrigation Association of Australia Murray Irrigation Ltd Murrumbidgee Irrigation University of Queensland

[8] Cooperative Research Centre for IRRIGATION FUTURES Operational Structure

Figure 1. CRC for Irrigation Futures Organisational Chart

PARTICIPANTS FORUM

BOARD INDEPENDENT COMMITTEES BOARD Audit and Finance Research and Education Recruitment Communication CEO CHIEF SCIENTIST

KNOWLEDGE BUSINESS RESEARCH PROGRAM ZONE MANAGEMENT TEAM MANAGEMENT TEAM MANAGEMENT TEAM MANAGEMENT TEAM

Governing Board

The CRC is directed by an independent, skills-based governing board which provides strategic direction and oversight of CRC activities. The partners appointed personnel to the Board for a period of three years. Appointment is based on skills and experience in our industry in five areas; irrigation practice, water industry, Commercialisation, research management and communication. Members of the Governing Board during 2004-2005 were:

Peter Hayes Chairman Irrigation practice National Viticulturist and Industry Relations Manager, Southcorp Wines Peter Cullen Scientist, Member of Wentworth Group Research Management Denis Flett CEO, Goulburn-Murray Water Water Industry Ticky Fullerton Journalist, ABC Four corners Communication Mike Logan Cotton Farmer, Narrabri Irrigation Practice Malcolm McKay University of Southern Queensland Commercialisation Graeme Milligan Natural Resources and Mines, Queensland Water Industry Stephen Mills Dairy Farmer, Irrigation Practice Clive Noble* Victorian Department of Primary Industry Research Management Tim Waterhouse CEO, Sentek Senor Technologies Commercialisation John Williams Scientist, Member of Wentworth Group Research Management * Resigned June 2005

[9] Table 1. Board Attendance

Name 23 Jul 2004 22 Sep 2004 13 Dec 2004 23 Mar 2005 9 Jun 2005 Peter Hayes ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ Peter Cullen ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ Denis Flett ★ ✓ ✓ ★ ✓ Ticky Fullerton ✓ ✓ ✓ ★ ★ Mike Logan ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ Malcolm McKay ▲ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ Graeme Milligan ▲ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ Stephen Mills ★ ✓ ★ ★ ✓ Clive Noble ▲ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✖ Tim Waterhouse ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ John Williams ★ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓

✓ Attended ★ Apology ▲ Proxy ✖ Not a Board member at the time

To provide specific strategic guidance the Board has four sub-committees as outlined in Table 2.

Table 2. Board subcommittees

Research & Education Audit & Finance Recruitment Communication Peter Cullen1 Mike Logan1 Denis Flett1 Ticky Fullerton1 John Williams Graeme Milligan Peter Hayes Tim Waterhouse Clive Noble John Williams John Williams Graeme Milligan Stephen Mills Ticky Fullerton Malcolm McKay

1Chair

The Board also conducted a two day retreat in April 2005 to confirm the Board members commitment and contribution and develop some strategic intents to guide the development of the CRC’s second phase research.

[10] Cooperative Research Centre for IRRIGATION FUTURES The Senior Management Group

The Senior Management Group meets regularly to discuss day-to-day issues of the CRC. The group has expanded from 12 members in 2003-2004 to 15 members in 2004-2005. Senior Management Group members for 2004-2005 were:

Management

Matthew Durack Chief Executive Officer Rick Darroch Business Manager Kelvin Montagu Knowledge Exchange Manager Andrew Sanderson Education and Training Manager Sally Mackinnon Communications Manager

Research Program Leaders

Wayne Meyer Chief Scientist Shahbaz Khan Sustainability Alan Dale1 Planning and Policy for Change Steven Raine Technology and Practice Hector Malano Education Eddie Parr Training

Zone Leaders

Peter Smith Summer Q.J. Wang Winter Keith Bristow Tropical Basant Maheshwari Urban

1replaced by Glen Starkey and John Wolfenden, April 2005

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better environment

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[11] 3 » Commercialisation, Technology Transfer, Utilisation

Commercialisation

In the second year, the CRC for Irrigation Futures continues to build both the culture and the skills which are required to drive the commercialisation process. The Australian Institute for Commercialisation delivered a two day workshop to sixteen postgraduate students and CRC staff at our Annual Conference in 2004. The participants were required to set realistic commercial expectations for their discoveries and to develop an understanding of the importance of Intellectual Property (IP) management to commercialisation. All of the participants finished the course with real expectations of the difficulties and rewards of commercialisation. These newly acquire skills will greatly assist in bringing to reality the CRC’s recently developed Commercialisation and Utilisation Plan. This plan contains two essential commercialisation pathways linked to our second stage research plan; 1. Toolkits for Improved Performance at the Enterprise Level. Hardware and software tools aimed at improving irrigation practice at the enterprise level combined with user specific training and knowledge based outputs targeted at particular user issues will be commercialised via standard methods of IP protection, branding and licences. The performance of this commercialisation program will be assessed through the quantum and importance of tool kit “sales”; 2. Regional Irrigation Business Partnerships. These entities are being established in core “System Harmonisation” research zones. Their core commercial objective is to successfully invest in new business processes, activities or infrastructure which will deliver economic return through productive or environmental gain for the region. The performance of this program will primarily be assessed by the commercial performance of the corporate entities established. In the coming year the CRC Board has backed the commercialisation process with resources and professional support. A program of mentoring specific projects and developing commercial business plans for existing IP has been established with first stage “product launches” scheduled for early 2006. Technology Transfer and Utilisation

The utilisation of the CRC’s research is central to meeting the needs of investors and ensuring a healthy return to Australia. Across the CRC’s research portfolio projects are making a difference. Irrigation – “a bird’s eye view”

Comprehensive social, economic and biophysical information is often lacking for regional communities. The CRC, in conjunction with Water for Healthy Country, has developed the first comprehensive summary for the irrigation industry in the Murray and Murrumbidgee basins, an industry worth $3.1 billion. Since releasing the information organisations such as the Rice Growers Association, South Australian Central Irrigation trust and NSW irrigators Association have used the base information to highlight the role played by irrigation in regional areas.

[12] Cooperative Research Centre for IRRIGATION FUTURES Tools for Supporting Regional Irrigation Planning

CRC members continue to support the utilisation of the Swagman model suite in developing and assessing regional irrigation policy in both existing and new irrigation regions. Murray Irrigation Limited has utilised the models to develop guidelines for rice area intensity and allowable rice water use, which has been lowered to ~14 Ml/ha and seasonally adjusted, and restrict irrigation intensity to < 4 Ml/ha. The Coleambally Irrigation Area has a comprehensive management plan/system underpinned by regional groundwater and individual farm optimisation models. This has resulted in irrigation activity being managed within an environmental constraint. Tools for Improving Irrigation Management

CRC members continue to support the development of the Irrimate toolbox and the commercial consultant’s users. Improvements in water management are being delivered to irrigators by over 15 irrigation consultants using the tools and technology to undertake farm water balances and in-field performance evaluation of irrigation systems. These consultants deliver services in the cotton, dairy and lucerne sectors from central Queensland through New South Wales, Victoria and into South Australia. The CRC has provided a bridge between the developers of 18 commercial and public software tools for managing water on farms. This fragmented modelling community is being brought together by the CRC to help developers deliver software tools suitable across the different sectors of the irrigation industry. For national accounting and monitoring of Australia’s water resources standardised estimates are required of reference evapotranspiration. The CRC is working with the Queensland Centre for Climate Applications to develop, test and implement reference evapotranspiration estimates within the SILO one stop shop product. A beta test version has been developed which allows evapotranspiration estimates to be made from both historical and current data anywhere in Australia using point patched weather data from Australian Bureau of Meteorology weather station network. Urban Irrigation and Water Reuse

Urban Australia is for the first time feeling the impact of drought. As a result of dwindling dam levels restrictions on the use of water for urban irrigation have occurred. In response to this the CRC used its collaborative network to bring together over 35 water utility, industry associations, government organisations and research people to review the national context of urban irrigation water use. Water reuse in urban areas is high on the public agenda. Brisbane Water has adapted and applied a CRC developed recycled water scheme framework as part of their risk management process. In Victoria, Melbourne Water and the Department of Sustainability and Environment have used social research findings to shape their communication program. Based on this information the organisations had a high level of confidence in communicating proactively the environment benefits of water recycling.

[13] In Tasmania, Clarence City Council, local farmers and a number of government agencies have turned to CRC members as they work towards reducing recycled water discharge to Derwent Estuary and to provide a water source to Coal Valley farmers. The Swagman suite of models was utilised to identify farm-specific designs and management practices that maintain or improve production, while minimising detrimental environmental impacts at the farm and catchment level. Tools for Community Exploration

Community visioning of future developments in existing and new irrigation areas requires new techniques and skills. Communities in the Goulburn-Broken Valley and Northern Australia have been using the CRC to develop options and pathways for their respective areas. These communities have used CRC developed formats to undertake the personal growth in their understanding of sustainability at farm to catchment scales. This has had the important flow on benefits of creating an environment where participants have a better understanding of the views of other sectors, both production and environment, and empowered participants to become active in regional bodies. Sustainability Reporting

Water supply bodies across the country have a keen interest in sustainability reporting in their local area. Murray Irrigation Limited, Coleambally Irrigation Area, Goulburn-Murray Water and Burdekin water boards are all actively tapping into the CRC’s growing expertise in triple bottom line (economic, social and environmental) reporting. In particular these organisations have benefited from access to the CRC’s assessment of sustainability indicators and strategy issues as these businesses move into robust sustainability reporting. Further developments will see these organisations utilise the CRC’s knowledge and experience to engage with compliance agencies and NGO’s to optimise the value of triple bottom line reporting to a wide range of stakeholders.

Summer Zone leader Peter Smith explaining the operation of a laterial move irrigator in cotton on “Little Mollee”, Narrabri, NSW to some of the CRC’s southern based postgraduate students.

[14] Cooperative Research Centre for IRRIGATION FUTURES Table 3. Users of CRC research

RESEARCH USER ACTIVITY CRC RESEARCHERS INVOLVED

Training McCrackens irrigation Clients Centre Pivot Training Mr Joseph Foley NT irrigators CP & LM Training and Performance Mr Joseph Foley Evaluation Harvey Irrigation / Department of Irrigation Fundamentals Assoc. Prof. Steven Raine & Prof. Rod Agriculture, WA Smith Consultancy National Program for Sustainable Improving plants water use efficiency Assoc. Prof. Steven Raine, Irrigation and potential impacts from soil structural change National Program for Sustainable Soil-water and Salt movement Assoc. Prof. Steven Raine, Dr Wayne Irrigation Associated with Precision Irrigation Meyer, Systems Department of Primary Industries, Vic Review of Catchment Analysis Tool Dr Wayne Meyer SA Department for Water, Land Technical Review of the Volumetric Dr Wayne Meyer Biodiversity and Conservation conversion report National Program for Sustainable Smart Systems and System Mr Matthew Durack, Prof. Hector Irrigation Harmonisation Malano, Mr Erik Schmidt, Prof. Shahbaz Khan Contract Research Water for Health Country The Irrigation Industry in the Murray Dr Wayne Meyer and Murrumbidgee Basins Cotton Research & Development Research into Efficient Centre Pivot Assoc. Prof. Steven Raine, Mr Joseph Corporation and Lateral Move Irrigation Systems Foley, Prof. Rod Smith, Mr Erik Schmidt Cotton Research & Development Research into partial root zone drying Mr Simon White, Assoc. Prof. Steven Corporation and deficit irrigation Raine and Mr Joseph Foley QNR&M Research into Evaporation mitigation Mr Ian Craig, Mr Erik Schmidt, Assoc. on storage dams Prof. Steve Raine Sydney Water Audit and monitor urban irrigation Assoc. Prof. Basant Maheshwari systems. Commercialisation Irrigation Consultants and Irrigators Development of commercial surface Mr Erik Schmidt, Assoc. Prof. Steven irrigation optimisation delivery Raine, Mr Joseph Foley, Prof. Rod mechanisms (Irrimate TM) Smith Product Development Industry, farmers, researchers, Workshops, CD, website Dr Richard Stirzaker consultants Industry, farmers, researchers, Website (www.clw.csiro.au/naif/) Dr Keith Bristow consultants Irrigation Consultants and Irrigators IPARM program for estimation of Mr Malcolm Gillies, Prof. Rod Smith & infiltration from irrigation advance Assoc. Prof. Steven Raine and runoff data ANCID and IAA Add on data base of Corporate Prof Jennifer McKay and University governance structures of water supply of SA businesses

[15] 4 » Research

4.1 Research Activity and Progress against Milestones

4.1.1 Policy and Planning for Change

Program leader: Dr Allan Dale1, Queensland Department of Natural Resources and Mines Replaced by Mr Glen Starkey and Dr John Wolfenden, April 2005.

PROGRAM SUMMARY Sustainable futures for irrigation communities rely on effective policy frameworks and cohesive, proactive community responses to future challenges. In this context, sustainability requires integration of social, economic and environmental responses. PROGRAM OBJECTIVES • Partner the development and testing of innovative policy and planning options, • Develop innovative processes and tools to facilitate change, • Develop the national skills base in irrigation policy and planning. ACTIVE PROJECTS

Project # Title 1.04 Irrigation Futures of the Goulburn Broken Catchment 1.05 Impacts of CoAG Water Reforms – Real and Perceived 1.06 An evaluation of the Corporate Governance arrangements of Australian Irrigation Water Providers 1.07 Supporting Irrigation Communities and Industry Responses to Change at a Range of Scales

PROGRESS TO DATE Activities within the program set out to explore legal and planning innovations and capacity investments needed to assist the transition to future sustainability on a farm, regional and catchment basis. MAJOR ACHIEVEMENTS (PROJECT NUMBER) • Creation of an Australian wide Senior Policy Makers Reference Group to give CRC for Irrigation Futures researchers an opportunity to engage in a critical dialogue with policy makers in the Australian water industry and natural resource management sector. • Processes for community development of regional strategies and action options, and testing under a number of future scenarios are well developed. Such processes enable individuals, organisations and regions to plan and position themselves for an uncertain future (1.04). • A forum for policy makers and representatives of irrigation industry/community

[16] Cooperative Research Centre for IRRIGATION FUTURES and researchers has been developed to communicate and better understand the impacts of COAG water policy reform over time (1.05). • COAG high level policies provided a general framework/guideline for water reform. Local governments and communities have different interpretations and on-ground implementations which reflected the variations in local conditions. If high level policies are too prescriptive it may constrain the opportunities for on-ground implementation (1.05). • The supply of water for agriculture in Australia is the province of over 170 bodies, ranging from local government to the big irrigation water supply bodies and to urban utilities. The problems of lack of compatibility of data sets between and within jurisdictions has been shared and cited as a major impediment to a national approach to water management (1.06). • All types of irrigation water supply businesses are endeavouring to report aspects of their operations which encompass environmentally sustainable development. However, reporting of how organisations perform against environmentally sustainable development standards is patchy with excellent to low reporting. This is in part due to the lack of support and training and also due to a wide variety of corporate governance drivers (1.06). • Changes in the provision of services to the agriculture sector, particularly in relation to natural resource management, are occurring. An overview of the current service provider content and the implications for using service providers to achieve outcomes has been undertaken (1.07). • Dialogue about water reform continual change and its impacts on farming practice is being assisted and researched with irrigators, their water service providers and other stakeholders in smaller irrigation communities. The framework that allows this dialogue to assist irrigation communities is being described and developed to suit a range of operations. A measure of the irrigation community’s resilience is its capacity to incorporate the reform agenda of the water industry (1.07).

Recently the Program gathered to consider progress and to contribute to the development of the CRC’s second phase research focus. Key areas to be developed were synergies across program to yield more hard-hitting research outcomes, integration of existing irrigation research to produce product for the CRC’s partners and stakeholders, and the identification of entities it needed to be influencing to be effective and relevant.

[17] PROGRAM OUTCOMES, OUTPUTS AND MILESTONES [Complete details of these projects available at out website at www.irrigationfutures.org.au]

Outcome 1 More effective planning and policy tools to meet environmental, social and economic targets Output 1.1 Review of the social, environmental and economic impacts of the implementation of existing policies on irrigation enterprises, communities, farms and catchments. The review will analyse the strengths and weaknesses of the policies and provide a framework for developing better policy and planning tools and inform the development of predictive models. Delivery Targets: Reviews published in June 2004 and June 2005. Milestone 1.1.1 Specific case studies will have been identified for review and analysis and preliminary data acquisition will have commenced. Achievement date: June 2004 Project 1.05 The project has been scoped in detail and one of the four selected case study sites has been analysed and a draft report submitted to the stakeholders for review. Milestone 1.1.2 Completion of data acquisition and development of impact analysis Achievement date: Dec 2004 Project 1.05 Delays have experienced with data collection. The water industry practitioners are experiencing reform fatigue and therefore are less willing to offer our researchers their time to suit the researchers program of data gathering and analysis. Milestone 1.1.3 Review and analysis completed and assessment published of the impacts of the reviewed policies Achievement date: June 2005 Project 1.05 Again, the water industry practitioners reform fatigue has slowed the process. The project is being placed back on track to finish within the life of Research Plan Mk I. Project has been scoped in detail and one of the four selected case study sites has been analysed and a draft report submitted to the stakeholders for review. Project 1.06 • Project scoping discussion paper prepared and reviewed by Senior Policy Officers from State water agencies and list of Irrigation Water supply bodies confirmed by Senior Policy maker in each State. For NSW a survey of all bodies was undertaken to establish the true picture. • Data collected on the corporate governance of all irrigation water providers and the ESD reporting of all in NSW, QLD and Victoria has been analysed using content analysis of the Top management reports of the bodies. The range and level of reporting has been examined using a number of indicators such as size, turnover of water, $, etc to reveal that the ESD activity is unrelated to these. The survey of the CEO’S will establish the factor relevant to achievement of ESD The content analysis has informed the detailed survey instrument development. And the survey will take place in September Output 1.2 New policy and planning proposals will be developed using the models developed in output 1.1 above Delivery Targets: Proposals developed by June 2006 with adoption of proposed strategies by June 2007 Milestone 1.2.2 New planning options developed following evaluation and analysis. Achievement date: Dec 2006 Project 1.04 • Stage 2 of the project was completed analyzing and synthesizing four external scenarios describing the evolution of alternative plausible futures for the Goulburn Broken region. • The computer based assessment of alternative scenarios has been replaced (following peer review) by an approach which uses a participatory process to undertake Narrative exploration and assessment of the various alternative futures.

[18] Cooperative Research Centre for IRRIGATION FUTURES Outcome 2 Identification of faster pathways to adoption of new and improved irrigation technologies and techniques leading to improved water use efficiency and improved profitability at a farm scale Output 2.1 Comprehensive national review of recent experience in technology adoption practices in the irrigation industry, investigating barriers to adoption as well as the impact of the range of incentive schemes that have been implemented. The review will bring together the experiences of all relevant rural and urban irrigation industries. Delivery Targets: A series of documents and proposals will be delivered from March 2004 to December 2005 Milestone 2.1.1 Collection and review of recent extension and technology transfer activities in irrigation across all sectors of the industry Achievement date: June 2004 Project 1.07 Resource constraints did not permit allow much activity on this milestone. However, a research report that has analysed the importance of networks in managing farm scale agricultural industry service providers has been prepared for publication next year. Project 1.07 Frameworks in a selection of irrigation communities at the Irrigation Area Wide Management regional scale across Australia are being documented. The pressure of irrigation industry reform and associated fatigue again has slowed the pace of this work.

The Irrigation Futures of the Goulburn Broken Catchment being visualised by irrigators and resource managers Pat Feehan, Robin Pettigrew, Anne McCamish, Peter McCamish, Vera Fleming at Shepparton.

[19] 4.1.2 System Sustainability – Rural and Urban

Program leader: Professor Shahbaz Khan, Charles Sturt University

PROGRAM SUMMARY This program seeks to define the characteristics of a sustainable irrigation system and to develop the knowledge to enable more efficient use of resources and to reduce the impact on the environment of irrigation activities at a local, farm and basin scale. PROGRAM OBJECTIVES • Development of sustainability criteria for correctly locating irrigation schemes within river valleys, floodplains, coastal and peri-urban catchment. • Define extraction impacts and sustainability surface and groundwater yields from water resources. ACTIVE PROJECTS

Project # Title

2.05 Use of Reclaimed Effluent Water in Australian Horticulture 2.06 Tri-State Project: Impact of Salinity on Lower Murray Horticulture 2.07 Northern Australia Irrigation Futures: Building a Basis for Developing Sustainable Irrigation Across Tropical Australia 2.08 The Sustainability Challenge 2.09 The Irrigation Industry and the Living Murray 2.10 Improved Seasonality of Flows through Irrigation Demand Management and System Harmonisation

PROGRESS TO DATE Activities within this program during 2004-05 have principally focused on initiating communication, developing collaborative linkages and developing baseline information for defining sustainability of irrigation systems. MAJOR ACHIEVEMENTS (RELEVANT PROJECT) • Publication of policy guidelines to facilitate public acceptance of water reuse in a horticultural context for the Virginia Pipeline Scheme (2.05). • National Program for Sustainable Irrigation commissioned scoping study on “Smart systems and system harmonisation” completed. • Development of a syndicate of Government agencies from western NSW, Victoria and South Australia (with support from federal agencies) to generate the knowledge for managing root zone salinity hazards in the high value horticultural crops of the lower Murray (2.06). • The Northern Irrigation Futures project has progressed multilevel stakeholder (Governments, communities, investors, land and water managers) consultations to develop a sustainability framework including key biophysical datasets and

[20] Cooperative Research Centre for IRRIGATION FUTURES sustainability indicators for informed debate and decision making regarding irrigation in northern Australia (2.07). • The Sustainability Challenge project has drafted a number of position papers to define triple-bottom-line reporting, links between triple-bottom-line reporting and sustainability, the state of current reporting in irrigation, participatory research in relation to sustainability and how to evaluate research in this context (2.08). • A comprehensive and balanced report describing the strengths of the irrigated activity in the Murray and Murrumbidgee systems has been produced. This report highlights the positive changes that irrigation communities are making to improve land and water management and it identifies where ongoing improvement and engagement is needed (2.09). • The baseline data in the Murrumbidgee catchment clearly demonstrates that water demand in the winter rainfall dominated irrigation areas is dominated by summer crops which require higher flow rates to pass through the river reaches upstream of the irrigation areas therefore altering the seasonality of flows. Preliminary modelling results show more than 10 percent of summer irrigation volumes can be substituted with winter crops without affecting the farm or irrigation area level economic returns. This will help spread irrigation demand therefore providing improved seasonality of flows (2.10). • An assessment criteria for evaluating alternative water demand management options and an economics methodology have been developed to determine benefits of adopting different demand management options (2.10). A CRC for Irrigation Futures workshop on linking farms with regional environmental management has highlighted the need to develop a dynamic quantitative analysis capability from plant root to the whole of the system levels. This modelling capability will help integrate with socio-economic, policy and technology outputs to link with other system/ catchment initiatives.

TriState Salinity Team (Left to Right: Dr Tapas Biswas, SARDI, Dr Graeme Saunderson, NSWDPI and Jahangir Alam, SA Rural Solution) installing solution extractors to monitor salt leaching in a citrus grove at Dareton, NSW.

[21] PROGRAM OUTCOMES, OUTPUTS AND MILESTONES [Complete details of these projects available at out website at www.irrigationfutures.org.au]

Outcome 3 Landscape capability/sustainability criteria for correctly locating irrigation schemes within river valleys, floodplains, coastal and peri urban catchments Output 3.1 Description of existing thinking and criteria relevant to sustainable irrigation through a comprehensive assessment across coastal, river valley, floodplain and peri-urban/urban irrigation schemes. Conceptual, measurement and implementation constraints to workable indicators identified. Milestone 3.1.1 Documents describing existing thinking and criteria relevant to describing sustainable irrigation across Australia and internationally. Achievement date: June 2004 Milestone 3.1.2 Prioritisation of sustainability research across regions completed. Achievement date: December 2004 Project 2.08 Position papers to define triple-bottom-line reporting Project 2.09 A bird’s eye view report of irrigation activity in the Murray and Murrumbidgee systems Output 3.2 Landscape capability mapping for the key river valleys, floodplains and coastal catchments. This will help match regolith capability with irrigation intensity and assimilative capacity of downstream environments. Milestone 3.2.2 Improved management methodologies and protocols available to promote wide-scale adoption of urban and sewage effluent irrigation, including improved environmental and health risk assessment Achievement date: December 2008 Project 2.05 Policy guidelines to facilitate public acceptance of water reuse in a horticultural context for the Virginia Pipeline Scheme. Project 2.06 The project team is developing strategies for minimising production losses. Scoping studies on technology gaps and research opportunities in (i) measurement and monitoring tools and (ii) application system performance completed. Project 2.07 By 2007 leading stakeholders (Governments, communities, investors, land and water managers) will be more informed and able to use the sustainability framework including key biophysical datasets and sustainability indicators when debating and making decisions regarding irrigation in northern Australia Outcome 4 Definition of extraction impacts and sustainable surface and groundwater yields from water resources from a bio physical perspective Output 4.1 Integrated flow, salinity and ecosystem modelling tools that can allow visualisation of impacts of water trading and changed irrigation footprint on the environmental conditions and salt loads in rivers. This output will provide opportunities for integration with programs 1 and 3 and with wider initiatives such as Living Murray and new knowledge generated through the other CRCs. Milestone 4.1.1 Publications describing evaluation of existing models being used to represent impacts of irrigation. Identification of knowledge gaps and what level of detail is required for the rational assessment of irrigation across scales Achievement date: June 2005 Project 2.10 • NPSI commissioned scoping study on “Smart systems and system harmonisation” completed. Options are being evaluated to maximise economic returns for irrigation areas subject to the physical constraints of the system, environmental demand and a range of on- farm management options including groundwater, on-farm storage and canal operation technology.

[22] Cooperative Research Centre for IRRIGATION FUTURES 4.1.3 Future irrigation – Practice and Technology

Program leader: Associate Professor Steven Raine, National Centre for Engineering in Agriculture, University of Southern Queensland

PROGRAM SUMMARY The program focuses on the development and promotion of new irrigation methods, technologies and systems within the urban, peri-urban and rural irrigation sectors. PROGRAM OBJECTIVES • reduce water losses in urban and rural water storage and distribution systems • identify opportunities to reduce risk and improve returns in existing irrigated areas and to implement sustainable systems in new irrigation areas • improve on-farm water, nutrient and agrochemical use efficiencies through the identification and adoption of precision and prescription irrigation technologies ACTIVE PROJECTS

Project # Title

3.07 Tools and Techniques for Improving the Precision of Irrigation 3.08 Software for Best Use of Water on Farm 3.09 Development of Nationally Standardised ET Reference and Regional Crop Coefficients 3.11 Urban Irrigation in Sydney Metropolitan Area: Developing Strategies for Efficient Irrigation 3.12 Open Hydroponics: Risks and Opportunities

PROGRESS TO DATE Activities during 2004-05 have principally focused on initiating communication, developing collaborative linkages and identifying a shared vision of priority research opportunities. A common priority identified is the need to focus on technologies and practices for which drivers are either existing or imminent and to ensure that the tool developmental process includes a knowledge exchange interface appropriate for the targeted end user. There is also a need to look for shared investment from industry which will only be achieved by focusing on deliverables. This will require an increased focus on the identification of appropriate drivers, recognition of the social, regulatory & economic factors modifying the likely responses and an improved targeting of product delivery through the commercialisation of toolkits. MAJOR ACHIEVEMENTS (RELEVANT PROJECT) • Updating and publication of the second edition of the soil water monitoring information package (3.07). • National Program for Sustainable Irrigation commissioned scoping study on “Soil-water and salt movement associated with precision irrigation systems” completed.

[23] • National Program for Sustainable Irrigation commissioned scoping study on “Improving plants water use efficiency and potential impacts from soil structure change” completed. • Barriers to the adoption of measurement technologies for precision irrigation identified (3.07) • Scoping studies on technology gaps and research opportunities in (i) measurement and monitoring tools and (ii) application system performance completed (3.07). • Inventory of Australian software tools for on farm water management developed. In undertaking the inventory, linkages were developed between private and public model developers across regions and crops (3.08). • A standardised method developed for producing national potential evapotranspiration values using point patched BOM weather station network and a beta development version incorporated into SILO (3.09). • Sensitivity analysis of input data used in national evapotranspiration grid conducted and highlighted errors of up to 1 mm/day due to use of default wind speed values (3.09). • Major national forums to address urban irrigation issues at a range of levels held and a proceeding published (3.11). • Sydney Water to fund research into the efficiency of urban irrigation systems and usage patterns in the Sydney region (3.11). • A desktop water, nutrient and salt balance study identified that irrigation and nutrition management principles used by open hydroponics systems can be efficient if managed appropriately (3.12). • Risk analysis of open hydroponic systems identified concerns with: water supply capacities, nutrient leaching, root zone salinity and sodicity issues, and boron toxicities (3.12).

CRC members Alan Beswick and David Deery discussing open hydroponics with orchard managers Shane Singh and Trevour Sluggett, Mildura, Victoria.

[24] Cooperative Research Centre for IRRIGATION FUTURES PROGRAM OUTCOMES, OUTPUTS AND MILESTONES [Complete details of these projects available at out website at www.irrigationfutures.org.au]

Outcome 5 Reduced losses and improved operational performance within urban and rural irrigation storage and distribution systems Output 5.1 Improved measurement, monitoring and control systems for storages and distribution networks Delivery Targets: June 2008 Milestone 5.1.2 Development of measurement and control systems to improve the monitoring and control of storages and distribution networks. Achievement date: June 2008 Project 3.07 • Preliminary evaluations of seepage and evaporation monitoring devices completed • Evaluation of selected commercial evaporation mitigation products completed Output 5.2 Analysis tools and techniques to assist in the development of investment plans associated with the conversion and/or refurbishment of both regional and on-farm dam storage and distribution systems Delivery Targets: June 2007 Milestone 5.2.2 Description: Release of decision support tools for beta testing, evaluation and refinement Achievement date: December 2005 Project 3.07 On-farm storage monitoring tools under evaluation with commercial partners Outcome 6 Improved urban and on-farm water, nutrient and agrochemical use efficiencies through the identification and adoption of prescription and precision irrigation technologies Output 6.1 Development of measurement and control systems for on-farm and urban irrigation Delivery Targets: Initial product delivery June 2006 Achievement date: June 2006 Project 3.07 • Scoping studies completed on measurement and control systems for precision irrigation • Development plans for initial investment in tool development initiated. Project 3.11 Benchmarking of residential water use and evaluation of research opportunities to improve water use efficiency completed Project 3.12 • Review of open hydroponic systems completed. • Risk analysis identified concerns with: water supply capacities, nutrient leaching, root zone salinity and sodicity issues, and boron toxicities. Project 3.13 Review of current knowledge on limitations to sustainability of improved irrigation precision completed Output 6.2 Development of decision support systems to enable improved prescription of on-farm and urban irrigation Delivery Targets: June 2010 Milestone 6.2.1 Completed review of opportunities for prescription irrigation technologies and practices. Achievement date: June 2005 Project 3.08 Review of current tools for improving on-farm irrigation prescription completed Project 3.08 Commercial opportunities for the development integrated decision support tools to improve the prescription of on-farm water use efficiency identified Project 3.09 Grid of national potential evapotranspiration values produced and available from the SILO web site. Project 3.14 Review of current knowledge and opportunities for research investment completed

[25] 4.2 Future Research Directions

During the year the CRC reviewed progress towards achieving its mission. The CRC consulted widely throughout its Zones and Partner organisations about perceptions of progress and improvements needed to achieve the CRC’s objectives. This review was undertaken within a water management environment dominated by the implementation of the National Water Initiative, continuing drought, agribusiness globalisation and expanded community expectations with respect to environmental performance. The need to narrow the CRC’s areas of research and knowledge exchange activity in order to achieve critical mass was clearly indicated. The process of refining our research direction has involved our stakeholders, partners, our Board, the Senior Management Group and our staff. The CRC Board confirmed four key Strategic Intents: 1. optimising irrigation practice; 2. measuring landscape impacts or irrigation; 3. promoting options for community and river catchment futures; and 4. influencing community, industry and government. Within the Strategic Intent framework a CRC workshop identified two focus areas for intensive research: • Tools to support optimised irrigation practice at the enterprise level; • The delivery of improved productive and environmental performance through system wide harmonisation. These program themes will form the basis of the next research phase from mid 2006 to 2010. Upon completion of the planning process the CRC executive will review the Research Plan Mark II (RP2) outputs against the original objectives enshrined within the Commonwealth Agreement. If significant discrepancies exist, all relevant stakeholders will be consulted appropriately. Focus area 1: Tools to support optimised irrigation practice at the enterprise level The objective of this research program is to: • develop and distribute “Tool Kits” to improve irrigation enterprise performance, using Intellectual Property (IP) management and commercialisation/utilisation processes.

[26] Cooperative Research Centre for IRRIGATION FUTURES In the concept diagram opposite, four research areas will form the core foci to deliver enterprise level improvements in irrigation practice: 1. Evaporation mitigation tools: Develop and refine equipment to measure free water evaporation and identify physical and chemical evaporation suppression techniques; 2. Adaptive irrigation control systems: Methods of real time monitoring of plant water status with direct control of water addition at sub paddock level; 3. Solute signature analysis and soil water in the root zone: Monitoring and interpreting salt and nitrogen distributions for precision irrigation decision making; and 4. Spatial Evapotranspiration (ET) measurement systems: Measure soil and plant evaporation from paddock to region and incorporate into web available decision aids for irrigators and water managers. Focus area 2: The delivery of improved productive and environmental performance through system wide harmonisation (sub header) System wide harmonisation has a working definition of: “A strategy to improve cross-organisational communication and system-wide management to improve production and environment outcomes.”

The objective of this research program is to: • establish Regional Irrigation Business Partnerships to capture the production and environmental gains from research improving regional irrigation systems management and to market these benefits through a regional business plan or investment prospectus.

[27] The figure above is a diagrammatic representation of a five step feasibility approach to harmonising irrigation systems. The purpose of this arrangement is to provide a strong direction to the research effort by placing it in a business context associated with regional irrigation communities. The CRC now has a second stage research direction which delivers: • A set of highly focused technical research questions; • A novel and ambitious industry engagement process; and • A strongly embedded culture of commercialisation and utilization. Detailed projects and investment plans will be developed over the coming year with implementation in 2006.

The CRC’s postgraduate community

[28] Cooperative Research Centre for IRRIGATION FUTURES 5 » Education and Training

Education and Training

Program leaders: Associate Professor Hector Malano (left), University of Melbourne and Mr Eddie Parr (right), NSW Department of Primary Industry.

PROGRAM SUMMARY The CRC for Irrigation Futures has a four pronged Education Program: 1. Supporting and value adding the experience of over 50 post graduate positions working within the CRC’s core research programs; 2. Coordinating the development of graduate and post graduate coursework programs jointly with core and non-core partner training providers; 3. Preparing training material associated with knowledge products developed within the CRC research program and associated with providers external to the CRC and supporting industry groups and associations, and to deliver this material nationally; 4. Supporting an overall capacity raising program within the community with respect to irrigation, its management and performance. Capacity building at all levels of the industry has been identified as a critical success factor for the CRC. The Education and Training Program has a broad range of goals which need to be delivered nationally across a diverse range of industries, commodity groups and organisations. PROGRAM OBJECTIVES • To build a world class postgraduate research program delivering cutting edge technology and highly developed professionals • To improve the skills base for advisors, consultants and irrigation managers through the development of irrigation industry skills and competencies PROGRESS TO DATE Education After two years the CRC has enrolled 25 postgraduate students across its partner Universities. A further nine candidates are in the process of enrolling. The focus is now on connecting students-to-students, to create a vibrant community of scholars across the CRC’s five partner University, and students-to-projects, to support postgraduate research training and ensure the CRC delivers on its mission.

Table 4. Postgraduate enrolments

Year 2003/04 2004/05 2005/06 2006/07 2007/08 2008/09 2009/10 Target Enrolments 10 15 17 11 - - - Actual Enrolments 9 25

[29] MAJOR ACHIEVEMENTS • The initial intake of nine postgraduates presented their project proposals at the CRC’s inaugural conference in September 2004. This forum provided the students with the opportunity for significant input from the wider CRC community. • Postgraduate students also attended the CRC’s Commercialisation Boot Camp which provided essential knowledge and skills in research commercialisation and utilization. • Postgraduate students feature prominently on the CRC’s website. • Participation of postgraduate students in CRC workshops. • Five publications authored or co-authored by postgraduate students • Four postgraduate presentations to the CRC’s Board. • Twenty-four postgraduate students recruited. • The scholarships selection process refined for improved transparency, greater alignment to CRC mission and improved assessment of academic merit. POSTGRADUATE PROJECT ACTIVITY Table 5 details the CRC’s postgraduate students highlighting the program linkages. All postgraduates have both an academic as well as industry supervisor and are supported through formal and informal processes to obtain a thorough understanding of the industry in which they work.

Table 5: CRC postgraduate students

NAME UNIVERSITY THESIS TITLE ENROLMENT DATE Program 1: Policy and Planning for Change Diwakara Halanaik University of South Sustainable Institutional Regimes for Sustainable June 2002 Australia Groundwater Management in Australia- Implications for Water Policy Claudia Baldwin University of Southern Decision making in water management January 2004 Queensland Ganesh Keremane University of South An empirical analysis of water market policies and June 2004 Australia institutions in South Australia Imogen Fullagar University of South Conjunctive water management: Australian July 2004 Australia irrigator attitudes and practices, and implications for institutional arrangements Vicki Kennedy University of South The impact of water trading on a rural community January 2005 Australia Geoff Kuehne University of South Management response to reductions in water January 2005 Australia entitlements Anthony Donnellan University of South Irrigation policy and law – a whole-of-catchment March 2005 Australia approach to balanced industry growth and reduced institutional impediments John McVeigh University of Supply Chain Barriers to the Adoption of March 2005 Queensland Sustainable Irrigation Practices

[30] Cooperative Research Centre for IRRIGATION FUTURES NAME UNIVERSITY THESIS TITLE ENROLMENT DATE Program 2: Sustainability of Irrigation Systems – Rural and Urban Amgad Elmahdi University of Improved Seasonality of Flows through Irrigation August 2003 Melbourne Demand Management and System Harmonisation Bart Kellett University of A risk based planning and assessment tool to February 2004 Melbourne improve the environmental sustainability of irrigation developments in northern Australia Matthew Berrisford University of Feasible improvements in irrigation distribution May 2004 Melbourne systems including the effects of on-farm water storage Ismail Hirsi Charles Sturt Economic appraisal of conjunctive water February 2005 University management Jacqueline Watt Charles Sturt The use of geophysics and modelling for matching February 2005 University irrigation systems with the regional hydrogeology. Alfred Heuperman Charles Sturt Intensification versus extensification; reducing April 2005 University the footprint of irrigated agriculture Michael Mitchell Charles Sturt Social Sustainability of Irrigation Dependent April 2005 University Communities Program 3: Future Irrigation – Practice & Technology Hugh Campbell Charles Sturt Water use efficiency and nutrient use efficiency March 2002 University of different frequencies of drip irrigation in Cab. Sauv. Grapes Simon White University of Southern Regulated Deficit Irrigation and Partial Root zone September 2002 Queensland Drying in Cotton under Centre Pivots and Lateral Moves Kanya Lal Khatri University of Southern Toward real-time control of surface irrigation July 2003 Queensland Malcolm Gillies University of Southern Managing the effect of infiltration variability on March 2004 Queensland the performance of surface irrigation Christopher O’Neill Charles Sturt Water use efficiency, soil and irrigation variability June 2004 University of three irrigation methods in broad-acre agriculture Bhakti-Lata Devi University of Western Mapping and Understanding Urban Irrigation January 2005 Sydney Water Use Cheryl McCarthy University of Southern Real-Time Sensing and Control for Large Mobile February 2005 Queensland Irrigation Machines (LMIMs) Melanie Schwecke University of Western Development of Sustainable Practices for Golf February 2005 Sydney Course Irrigation Amy Richards Flinders University Managing root zone salinity in irrigated April 2005 viticulture under conditions of maximum water use efficiency David Deery Charles Sturt Understanding plant water relations to increase April 2005 University water use efficiency

[31] TRAINING Capacity building at all levels of the industry has been identified as a critical success factor for the CRC. The aim of this sub-program is to implement an industry training initiative to expand the professional skill base of the irrigation industry, from researchers and technologists to operators and irrigated agriculture workers, and further develop the industry learning culture. Major achievements • Training strategy developed and incorporated into existing projects. • Developed collaborative, knowledge brokering relationships with other bodies including the CRC Cotton, Catchments and communities, (Cotton CRC), National Program Sustainable Irrigation, Irrigation Association of Australia and the Australian National Committee on Irrigation and Drainage. • Commenced work on vocational courses. • Facilitated development of an irrigation reference text • Collation of current irrigation related subject offerings at the five partner Universities. • Contributed to the curriculum and education material development of CRC workshops.

SUMMER INTERNSHIPS This year saw the completion of five summer Interns. These undergraduates produced reports of a high standard and gained valuable research experience in the Irrigation Industry. Their reports are available on the CRC website.

PROGRAM OUTCOMES, OUTPUTS AND MILESTONES

Outcome 7 Greater irrigation science research capacity in Australia Output 7.1 50 Postgraduates successfully completing CRC courses Milestone 7.1.1 Successful establishment of the postgraduate research training and course work infrastructure and enrolment of students on projects that contribute to the overall goals of the CRC Achievement date: January 2004 Twenty-five postgraduate students enrolled in Ph.D and M.Sc. programs. Enhanced recruitment and selection process. All student projects linked into research programs. Student induction, support and development programs initiated. Outcome 8 Greater technical capacity within the irrigation industry Output 8.1 Courses available for short course industry and undergraduate students Delivery Targets: Initial course delivery June 2005 Commercial adoption of courses by industry on a regular basis to June 2010 Milestone 8.1.2 Courses developed and delivery options established for local and distance education and training Achievement date: June 2004 Project 4.02 400 CLDB growers completing a four day workshop on irrigation management Project 6.06 Urban Irrigation Workshop, November 2004 Project 1.04 Bayesian Networks Workshop, May 2005

[32] Cooperative Research Centre for IRRIGATION FUTURES 6 » Collaboration

The CRC for Irrigation Futures was established to undertake research, education and training activities which could not be done by individual partner organisations alone. To achieve the Centre’s Mission cross-disciplinary and cross-institution collaboration is required. The Research Plan established the structure to promote collaboration and make it an active and effective process. In practice individuals collaborate with individuals to achieve what they cannot do on their own. This collaboration is promoted and facilitated across the CRC through strong internal communication process; • A monthly newsletter, Inflo, keeps CRC members up to date on activities, opportunities to collaborate and the functioning of the CRC. • The use of an internet based project management tool (CRCLife) to ensure all project members can access relevant project documents. • The revamped website promotes interchange across the 14 partners and potential users of research by maintaining an up to date calendar of events, providing an easy to use contacts page, ensuring project information is readily available, providing information on postgraduate students and their projects, listing media releases, and providing a forum for discussion of topical articles. • Once a year an Annual Research Forum is held bring together CRC’s researchers, partners and postgraduate students. This forum includes updates on research programs and postgraduate research, field trips to highlight the issues of the host Zone, and face-to-face time to build relationships across the 14 partners. Thus the annual event is key to creating, building, and rekindling the collaborative process between individuals across the CRC. National Collaborative Linkages

The CRC has a well developed and growing collaborative network across Australia as highlighted in Table 6. These personal links connect the CRC into industry, our partner organisations, researchers and research and development corporations. At an organisational levels the CRC has significant collaborative links with CSIRO, Water for a Healthy Country Flagship Program and Pratt Water providing irrigation specific inputs into these organisations.

[33] Table 6. National Collaborative Linkages

CRC STAFF MEMBER(S) COLLABORATORS AREA OF COLLABORATIVE INTEREST Project 1.05: High Level Impact of COAG Water Reforms Mr Mike Young, Dr Tian Shi, Mr Blair Fiona Johnson, John Ford (Vic); High-level policy impact on irrigation Nancarrow, Ms Lorraine Bates, Dr Bill Wilkinson, Ian Johnson investment and practice Geoff Syme, Mr Glen Starkey, Mr (QFF/Brisbane), Ross Dalton Seamus Parker, Ms Bernadette Zerba (Commonwealth), Rod Banyard (WA), Ian Smith (NT), Peter Ottesen (ACT), Michelle Bruce (Vic), David Barnaur (NSW), Christina Jackson (Tas), Mike Smith (SA) Kim Alvarez, Margie Parmenter, Geoff Fishburn (DIPNR) Matt Linnegar, John Howe (MI), Deborah Kerr (Ricegrowers’ Association of Australia), Stephen Moore (Murrumbidgee Horticulture Council) Project 1.06: An Evaluation of the Corporate Governance Arrangements of Australian Irrigation Water Providers Prof. Jennifer McKay Peter Smith NSW DPI, Eddie Parr Collate and verify list of Irrigation NSW DPI, Mike Smith WLBC SA, Alan Water Supply Businesses Harradine, General Manager, Water Resources Division Prof. Jennifer McKay National Water Commission Britt Corporate governance results NSW MAXWELL Acting Director National and the scope and purpose of the water Policy and Lois Hunt of NWI entire study. Colin Creighton of National Flagships Program CSIRO Prof Jennifer McKay CSIRO Brian Walker Resilience of rural communities. Prof. Jennifer McKay BANYARD Roderic Director, Office Collate and verify list of Irrigation of Water Policy Department of water supply businesses Environment WA Chris Davis, AWA, Kim Russell, ANCID, Jolyon Burnett, IAA Prof. Jennifer McKay Chris Davis, AWA, Kim Russell, ANCID, Collate and verify list of irrigation Jolyon Burnett, IAA water suppliers and commercialization of corporate Governance data base Prof. Gus Geursen, Associate Professor, Ruth Rentschler Work on content analysis method. Prof. Jennifer McKay (PhD Monash), Executive Director, Centre for Leisure Management Research, Deakin University Project 1.07: Irrigation Change Processes at a Range of Scales Ruth Lourey DPI- Naturally Victoria Initiative Collaboration with service providers to achieve NRM outcomes Project 2.05: Use of Reclaimed Effluent Water in Australian Horticulture Dr Anne Marie Boland Barry Hart Ecological risk assessment Dr Anne Marie Boland Steven Falivene, NSW DPI Open hydroponics Project 2.06: Tri-State Salinity Impact on Lower Murray Horticulture Dr Tapas Biswas, Dr Gerrit Schrale Dr Paul Hutchinson & Glen Walker, Soil moisture monitoring, salinity and CSIRO L&W; Rob Walker & Mike hydrology Treeby, CSIRO-PI; Masoud Edraki & Kate Cunnew DPIVic; Graeme Sanderson NSWDPI Dr Tapas Biswas, Dr Gerrit Schrale Dr John Hutson, Flinders University Solute transport modelling Dr Tapas Biswas, Dr Gerrit Schrale John Bourne from DWLBC(SA) Communication strategy Dr Tapas Biswas, Dr Gerrit Schrale Tony Adams, Rural Solutions; Dan Deep drainage under horticulture Maldrum, RMCWMB Dr Tapas Biswas, Dr Gerrit Schrale Matthew Miles, DEH(SA) SA Murray GIS data base

[34] Cooperative Research Centre for IRRIGATION FUTURES Project 2.07 Northern Irrigation Futures Keith L. Bristow, Bart Kellett Greg Claydon (Qld NR&M), Kevin Ecological function of northern Devlin (Sunwater), Ian Smith (NT Australia landscapes; water reform; DIPE), Ross Dalton (Commonwealth risks associated with irrigation in DAFF), Jos Mensink (WA P&C), Tom northern Australia Aldred (LWA), Andrew Kelly (OIC) plus many others from various NRM and other organisation Keith L. Bristow, Bart Kellett CSIRO Water for a Healthy Country, Biophysical understanding of the The Burdekin Dry Tropics Board, lower Burdekin; water and nutrient BBIFMAC, Burdekin Shire Council, management in irrigated systems; North and South Burdekin Water surface-groundwater interactions; Board, SunWater, JCU, ACTFR, CSR, wetlands QLD NR&M, DPI&F, EPA Keith L. Bristow Peter Jolly, NT DIPE Tropical groundwater systems Peter Gilbey and Bruce Pearce, QLD NR&M Gary Humphreys, WA DoE Project 2.08: The Sustainability Challenge Dr Evan Christen, Mr Mark Shepheard Mr Arun Tiwari and Mr Murray Smith, Compliance reporting, its value today Coleambally Irrigation Co-operative and future possibilities Ltd Dr Evan Christen, Mr Mark Shepheard, Mr Mat Linnegar, Mrs Sigrid Tijs. Moving company reporting towards Dr Penny Davidson Murrumbidgee Irrigation Ltd. TBL using the GRI framework Dr Evan Christen, Mr Mark Shepheard, Mr Alex Marshall & Miss Demelza, Improving TBL reporting to include Mr David Robinson Brand Murray Irrigation Ltd more social and economic indicators and improving engagement with NGO stakeholders Dr Evan Christen, Mr Mark Shepheard Mr Peter Butcher, Goulburn Murray Key performance indicators for our Water business and produce an external environmental report based on these. Dr Evan Christen, Mr Mark Shepheard, Mr George Nielson, North Burdekin Improving reporting to account for Dr John Wolfenden Water Board all stakeholder interests and meet changing organisational role Dr Evan Christen, Mr Mark Shepheard, Dr Lisa McDonald, Burdekin Bowen Link the North Burdekin Water Dr John Wolfenden Integrated Floodplain Management Board to the broader catchment and Advisory Committee integration of board performance reporting into the catchment context. Dr Evan Christen, Mr Mark Shepheard Kogarah Council and The Council of Sustainable irrigation management of Camden council park and garden facilities in the urban context. Dr Evan Christen, Mr Mark Shepheard Mr Bill O’Kane, Goulburn Broken CMA Acquiring additional funding through NHT to work with more industry partners Dr Evan Christen, Mr Mark Shepheard Prof. John Langford, Water Research Measuring Sustainability in Centre, The University of Melbourne rural areas and application of Sustainability Scorecards in an urban water context. Dr Evan Christen, Mr Mark Shepheard Ms Lisa Carpenter, Postgraduate TBL reporting and Melbourne Water researcher, Monash University Dr Evan Christen, Mr Mark Shepheard Dr Geoff Connellan, Faculty of Land Sustainability research opportunities & Food Resources, The University of for irrigation in urban areas Melbourne Dr Evan Christen, Dr Nihal Mrs Sigrid Tijs Murrumbidgee Analysing and reporting water use Jayawardane Irrigation Ltd efficiency and productivity Dr Evan Christen Carol Howe, Director- Future Cities Urban water TBL CSIRO Manufacturing & Infrastructure

[35] Dr Evan Christen, Dr Nihal Mr Mark Hickey DPI NSW as project Analysing and reporting water use Jayawardane leader of HAL Vegetable water use efficiency and productivity in the project Australian vegetable industry Dr Evan Christen, Mr Mark Shepheard John Searson & Robert Scriven Sustainability indicator selection Murrumbidgee CMA and TBL Mr Mark Shepheard Dr Barney Foran, CSIRO Sustainable Triple bottom line reporting Ecosystems Project 2.10: Improved Seasonality of Flows through Irrigation Demand Management and System Harmonisation Prof. Shahbaz Khan CSIRO Water for a Healthy Country Water Smart Irrigation and Water Flagship Program Savings Prof. Shahbaz Khan Pratt Water Feasibility for Water Whole of the catchment water Savings Across the Murrumbidgee and salt balance and water saving Valley assessment Project 3.07: Tools and Techniques for Improving the Precision of Irrigation Dr Helen Fairweather Yani Carcia, University of Sydney Use of evapotranspiration spreadsheet (WeatherFare) for field experimentation Dr Richard Stirzaker Tony Thomson, DLWBC Angas Bremer Study Dr Richard Stirzaker Ian Baird, ACT Government Sports ground irrigation Project 3.09: Development of Nationally Standardised ET Reference and Regional Crop Coefficients Dr Wayne Meyer, Ms Annette Barton Alan Beswick, Li Fitzmaurice, Qld Provision of standardized ETo and NRM, QCCA crop coefficient values Project 3.11: Urban irrigation in Sydney Metropolitan Area Developing Strategies for Efficient Irrigation Assoc. Prof. Basant Maheshwari, Henry Knight, HR Products Flow monitoring Dr. Parmjit Singh, Mr. Pat Hanson Associ. Prof. Basant Maheshwari, Jeremy Cape, Capability Consultants, Irrigation systems audit and Dr. Parmjit Singh Balina, NSW monitoring Assoc. Prof. Basant Maheshwari, Jolyon Burnett, Irrigation Association Irrigation systems audit and Dr Parmjit Singh of Australia, Sydney monitoring Assoc. Prof. Basant Maheshwari, Bruce Punshon, Brooks Irrigation, Irrigation systems audit Dr Parmjit Singh Sydney Project 3.12: Open Hydroponics Dr Anne-Maree Boland, Barry Hart Ecological Risk Assessment Mr Robert Faggian

Collaboration with other CRC’s

The CRC cuts across production and natural resource management issues related to on and near-farm water management. As such the Center interacts with CRC’s from both agriculture and rural based manufacturing and environmental categories. The engagement with other CRC’s focuses on activities which meet an identified need which requires the coming together of both organisations. In Table 7 specific examples of these activities are provided.

[36] Cooperative Research Centre for IRRIGATION FUTURES Table 7. Collaboration with other CRC’s

CRC Project Activity Industry sector Intended outcome CRC Cotton Catchment Joint funding of PhD scholarship Cotton Resolution of northern cropping Communities system irrigation issues E-Water CRC Shared program development Water Service Common communication protocols activities – active cross Providers and between River System Models and organisational personnel transfer Irrigators Irrigation District Models Rice CRC Monitoring CRC Shut Down Rice Capturing IP and project activities – active involvement in relevant which have become orphaned as a workshops and events result of the Rice CRC Closure CRC Viticulture Input into Vinelogic – a vine Viticulture Decision support system and growth, water use and yield learning package for improved vine model and teaching package management across Australia CRC for Plant Based Industry Training and Regional Cross industry Building on Salinity CRC training Control of Salinity Planning – Currently delivering activities for private sector and training to shared clients incorporation of dryland salinity – building stronger training base impacts into catchment scale irrigation planning International Collaborative Linkages

Internationally, collaborative linkages occur at both the personal and organisational level across five countries.

Table 8. International Collaborative Linkages

CRC CRC staff Collaborators Area of collaborative interest project member(s) 1.06 Prof. Jennifer McKay Alejandro Vergara, Catholic University Corporate governance and water of Chile utilities 1.06 Prof. Jennifer McKay Richard Franceys, University of Greenwich Sustainability and corporate governance 1.06 Prof. Jennifer McKay Dr Anthony Turton CSIR South Africa Transboundary Water Governance Issues 1.06 Prof. Jennifer McKay Anders Berntell CEO Stockholm Transboundary Water issues Guest of International Water Institute SIWI SIWI to report on results of Project 1.06 to international Audience 1.07 Mrs Fiona Johnson AgResearch, New Zealand Communities influence on policy implementation 2.06 Dr Tapas Biswas Dr Jinzhong Yang, Wuhan University, Solute transport modelling China 2.06 Dr Tapas Biswas Uri Yermihayu, ARO, Israel Root zone salinity 2.07 Keith L. Bristow Professor John Annandale, University Fate of water and nutrients in irrigated of Pretoria, South Africa Professor Jan systems Hopmans, University of California, Davis, USA 2.10 Prof. Shahbaz Khan UNESCO Hydrology for the Environment, Managing agricultural water Life and Policy productivity and environmental flows 3.07 Dr Philip Dr Arie Nadler, Israel Soil-water movement; water quality and Charlesworth soil structural impacts 3.07 Dr Richard Stirzaker Prof Annandale, University of Pretoria Use of mine waste water, urban waste water 3.07 Dr Richard Stirzaker Dr M. Steyn, University of Pretoria Irrigation management 3.07 Dr Richard Stirzaker Dr H. Biggs, Program Integrator, South Linking irrigation to natural resource African National Parks management 3.07 Dr Richard Stirzaker Dr M. Ghouse, Department of Agricultural Management of drip irrigation Engineering, Tamil Naidu, India

[37] 7 » Specified Personnel

Two changes in specified people occurred during the year. Dr Allan Dale departed the CRC and was replaced by Mr Glen Starkey and Dr John Wolfenden. Dr Kelvin Montagu took up the position of Knowledge Exchange Manager. Table 9 outlines the contribution of the specified personnel in the roles listed. Most of these people also made substantial contributions to project activities which are not covered in this table.

Table 9. Specified personnel

Title & Name Role in CRC Contributing organisation Time contributed to CRC(%) Mr Matthew Durack Chief Executive Officer CRC/ USQ 100 Ms Sonya Krenske Administration Coordinator CRC/ USQ 100 Mr Rick Darroch Business Manager CRC/ USQ 100 Dr Kelvin Montagu Knowledge Exchange Manager1 CRC/ UWS 50 Dr Wayne Meyer Chief Scientist CSIRO 100 Prof Hector Malano Education Leader University of Melbourne 19 Mr Eddie Parr Training Leader NSW Department of Primary 5 Industries Dr Shahbaz Khan Program Leader Sustainability CSIRO/Charles Sturt University 31 Prof Steven Raine Program Leader Technology and University of Southern 29 Practice Queensland Dr Allan Dale2 Program Leader: Policy and Queensland Natural Resources 6 Planning for Change & Mines Mr Glen Starkey2 Program Leader: Policy and Queensland Natural Resources 90 Planning for Change & Mines Dr John Wolfenden2 Program Leader: Policy and University of New England 12 Planning for Change Dr Keith Bristow Tropical Zone Leader CSIRO 31 Mr Peter Smith Summer Zone Leader NSW Department of Primary 23 Industries Dr QJ Wang Winter Zone Leader DPI Victoria 10 Dr Basant Maheshwari Urban Zone Leader University of Western Sydney 35

1commenced December 2004 2replaced by Glen Starkey and John Wolfenden, April 2005

[38] Cooperative Research Centre for IRRIGATION FUTURES 8 » List of Publications and Patents

In this the second year of the CRC for Irrigation Futures our members have produced a wide range of publications. These both reflect the capacity of the new CRC (• associate publications) and some early outputs directly arising from CRC activities (★ core publications). CRC authors are highlighted in bold. 8.1 Books or Book Chapters

Bristow, KL (2004) Water and Irrigation in Australia. In ‘Water and Sustainable Development’ (Edited by Bogena, H., Hake, J.-Fr. & H. Vereecken) pp. 135-160 Forschungszentrum Julich GmbH, Germany. • Maheshwari BL, Sakadevan K and Bavor J (2004) Phosphorous and nitrogen availability in agricultural soil irrigated with recycled water. In ‘Waste Management’ (Eds AL Juhasz, R Niadu and G Magesan) pp. 219-232 Science Publishers, Inc., Enfield, USA. • McKay J (2003). Marketisation in Australian Freshwater and fisheries Management Regimes. In: Stephen Dovers and Su Wild River (eds), Managing A ustralia’s Environment. The Federation Press, Sydney, Australia. • 8.2 Refereed Journal Articles

Barton CVM, Montagu KD (2004) Detection and determining diameter of tree roots using Ground Penetrating Radar under optimal conditions. Tree Physiology. 24, 1323 - 1331. • Brainwood MA, Burgin S and Maheshwari B (2004) Temporal variations in water quality of farm dams: impacts of landuse and water sources. Agricultural Water Management. 70, 151-175. • Davidson B and Malano H (2005) Key considerations in Applying Microeconomic Theory to Water Quality Issues. Water International. 30, 147-154. • Emdad MR, Raine SR, Smith RJ and Fardad H (2004) Effect of irrigation water quality on soil structure and infiltration under furrow irrigation. Irrigation Science. 23, 55-60. • Etchells T, Malano H, McMahon TA and James B (2004) Calculating exchange rates for water trading in the Murray-Darling Basin, Australia. Water Resources Research. 40,• Goodwin I, Whitfield DM, and Connor DJ (2004) The relationship between peach tree water use and effective canopy cover. Acta Horticulturae. 664, 283-28. • Hamilton AJ, Boland AM, Stevens D, Kelly J, Radcliffe J, Ziehrl A, Dillon P and Paulin B (2005) Position of the Australian horticultural industry with respect to the use of reclaimed water. Agricultural Water Management. 71, 181-209. • Halanaik D and McKay J (2003) ‘Groundwater conflicts: How WAMPS can help’, Water Journal, 30, 23–26. • Hurlimann A and McKay J (2004) Attitudes to reclaimed water for domestic use - part 2 trust. Water Journal. 31, 40-45. • Inman-Bamber NG (2004) Sugarcane water stress criteria for irrigation and drying off. Field Crops Research. 89, 107-122. • Inman-Bamber NG and McGlinchey MG (2003) Crop coefficients and water-use estimates for sugarcane based on long-term Bowen ratio energy balance measurements. Field Crops Research. 83, 125-138. • Inman-Bamber NG and Smith DM (2005) Water relations in sugarcane and responsive to water deficits. Field Crops Research. 92, 185-202. • Inman-Bamber NG, Bohnet GD, Smith DM and Thorburn PJ (2005) Sugarcane physiology: Integrating from cell to crop to advance sugarcane production. Field Crops Research. 92, 115- 117. •

[39] Khan S (2004) Integrating hydrology with environment, livelihood and policy issues – the Murrumbidgee Model. International Journal of Water Resources Development. 20, 415-429. • Lisson SN, Inman-Bamber NG, Robertson MJ and Keating BA (2005) The historical and future contribution of crop physiology and modelling research to sugarcane production systems. Field Crops Research. 92, 321-335. • Maheshwari BL. (2004) Environmental impacts for water resources planning. Journal of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering. 130, 348. • Maheshwari BL., Moehansyah H and Armstrong JL (2003) Effects of different landuses on runoff and soil erosion in the Riam Kanan catchment, Indonesia. International Agricultural Engineering Journal. 12, 19-51. • Malano H, Burton M and Makin I (2004) Benchmarking performance in the irrigation and drainage sector: a tool for change. Journal of Irrigation and Drainage. 53, 119-133. • McKay J (2005) Water institutional reforms in Australia. Water Policy. 7, 35-52. ★ McKay J and Hurlimann A (2003) Attitudes to reclaimed water for domestic Use: part 1. age. Water Journal. 30, 45-49. • Moehansyah H, Maheshwari BL and Armstrong JL (2004) Field evaluation of selected soil erosion models for catchment management in Indonesia. Biosystems Engineering. 88, 491- 506. • Montagu KD, Duttmer K, Barton CVM and Cowie AL (2005) Developing general allometric relationships for regional estimates of carbon sequestration - an example using Eucalyptus pilularis from seven contrasting sites. Forest Ecology & Management. 204, 115-129. • O’Connell MG and Goodwin I (2004) Pear water relations under partial rootzone drying. Acta Horticulturae. 664, 453-459. • Park SE, Robertson MJ and Inman-Bamber NG (2005) Decline in the growth of a sugarcane crop with age under high input conditions. Field Crops Research. 92, 305-320. • Searson MJ, Thomas DS, Montagu KD and Conroy JP (2004) Wood density and anatomy of water-limited eucalypts. Tree Physiology. 24, 1295-1302. • Searson MJ, Thomas DS, Montagu KD and Conroy JP (2004). Leaf water use efficiency differs between Eucalyptus seedlings from contrasting rainfall environments. Functional Plant Biology. 31, 441-450. • Smith DM, Inman-Bamber NG and Thorburn PJ (2005) Growth and function of the sugarcane root system. Field Crops Research. 92, 169-184. • Smith RJ, Raine SR and Minkovich J (2005) Irrigation application efficiency and deep drainage potential under surface irrigated cotton. Agricultural Water Management. 71, 117-130. • Stirzaker RJ (2003. When to turn the water off: scheduling micro-irrigation with a wetting front detector. Irrigation Science. 22, 177-185. • Thomas DS, Montagu KD and Conroy JP (2004) Changes in wood density of Eucalyptus camaldulensis due to temperature - the physiological link between water viscosity and wood anatomy. Forest Ecology & Management. 193, 157-165. • Walsh PG, Barton CVM and Montagu KD (2003) Macquarie catchment pilot project, New South Wales, Australia: a cost-effective, market-based approach to reducing salinity through tree planting. Unasylva. 212, 37-39. • Young MD and Hatton MacDonald D (2003) An opportunity to improve water trading in the South East catchment of South Australia. Water Policy. 5, 127-146. • Young MD and McColl JC (2003) Robust reform: the case for a new water entitlement system for Australia. The Australian Economic Review. 36, 225-234. • Young MD and McColl JC (2005) Defining tradable water entitlements and allocations: a robust system. Canadian Water Resources Journal. 30, 65-72. • Zaman A, Davidson B and Malano H (2005) Temporary Water Trading Trends in Northern Victoria, Australia. Water Policy. 7, 429-442. •

[40] Cooperative Research Centre for IRRIGATION FUTURES 8.3 Conferences Publications

Akbar S and Khan S (2004) Saving Irrigation Channel Losses: Comparative hydrologic economic analysis of reducing on-farm and off-farm conveyance losses. In, ‘Proceedings of ANCID 2004 Conference’ 10-13 October, South Australia. 7pp. ★ Akbar, S and Khan, S (2005), Saving losses from irrigation channels - technical possibilities vs common pool realities. Irrigation 2005 Restoring the Balance. Proceedings Irrigation Association of Australia National Conference, 18-20th May 2005, Townsville, Australia. www.irrigation.org.au/irrig2005/ ★ Attard SJ, Inman-Bamber NG and Engelke J (2003) Irrigation scheduling in sugarcane based on atmospheric evaporative demand. In ‘Proceedings Australian Society Sugar Cane Technol. 25’. CD-Rom, 12pp. • Ayars JE, Christen EW, Soppe RWO, Hornbuckle JW and Schoneman RA (2005) In-situ crop water use from shallow ground water to reduce drainage and save irrigation water. International salinity forum, Managing Saline Soils and Water: Science, Technology, and Social Issues, 25- 27 April, 2005 Salinity Forum Riverside Convention Center, Riverside, CA. pp.25-28. • Boland, A (2005) The use of Recycled Water in Australian Horticulutre. Irrigation 2005 Restoring the Balance. Proceedings Irrigation Association of Australia National Conferences, 18-20th May 2005, Townsville, Australia. www.irrigation.org.au/irrig2005/ ★ Biswas TK, Edraki M, Adams T and Schrale G (2005) Real -Time Drainage Fluxes From The Root Zone By Using Capacitance Probe Data. Irrigation 2005 Restoring the Balance. Proceedings Irrigation Association of Australia National Conference, 18-20th May 2005, Townsville, Australia. www.irrigation.org.au/irrig2005/ ★ Bristow KL (2004) Northern Australia Irrigation Futures: An Update. ANCID Conference, October 10-13 Tanunda, Australia. ★ Bristow KL (2004) Irrigation within a Broader Sub-Catchment Context: The Lower Burdekin. ASA-SSSA National Conference, 31 October – 4 November, Seattle, Washington State, USA. CD-Rom. • Bristow KL (2004) Irrigation within a broader integrated water management framework. AsiaWater 2004, 4-5th October, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. CD-Rom. • Bristow KL (2004) Water and Irrigation Management on the Burdekin coastal floodplain in tropical north Queensland. Environment Colloquium, Institute of Chemistry and Dynamics of the Geosphere Agrosphere, (ICG-IV), 5 July 2004, Forschungszentrum Julich, Germany. • Bristow KL, Charlesworth PB, Thayalakumaran T, Narayan KA and C Petheram (2005) Water and irrigation management on the Burdekin coastal floodplain. OzWater WaterShed Conference, May 5-7, Townsville. CD-Rom. • Charlesworth PB & Bristow KL ( 2005) The power and challenge of partnerships to achieve sustainable water management. OzWater WaterShed Conference, 5-7th May, Townsville, QLD, Australia. CD-Rom. • Christen EW, Shepheard ML, Curtis A, Fairweather H and Maheshwari B (2005) The Sustainability Challenge for Irrigation. Irrigation 2005 Restoring the Balance. Proceedings Irrigation Association of Australia National Conference, 18-20th May 2005, Townsville, Australia. www.irrigation.org.au/irrig2005/ ★ Connellan G (2005) Developing irrigation technology solutions. In ‘Proceedings National Workshop on Role of Irrigation in Urban Water Conservation –Opportunities and Challenges’. (Eds B Maheshwari and G Connellan) October 28-29 Cooperative Research Centre for Irrigation Futures pp.19-22. ★ Connellan G (2005) Evaluating and benchmarking the performance of urban irrigation. Irrigation 2005 Restoring the Balance. Proceedings Irrigation Association of Australia National Conference, 18-20th May 2005, Townsville, Australia. www.irrigation.org.au/irrig2005/ ★

[41] Connellan G (2005) Water mangement planning. Irrigation 2005 Restoring the Balance. Proceedings Irrigation Association of Australia National Conference, 18-20th May 2005, Townsville, Australia. www.irrigation.org.au/irrig2005/ ★ Craig I, Schmit E, Green A and Scobie M (2005) Controlling evaporation from on-farm storages. Irrigation 2005 Restoring the Balance. Proceedings Irrigation Association of Australia National Conference, 18-20th May 2005, Townsville, Australia. www.irrigation.org.au/ irrig2005/ ★ Creighton C, Meyer W and Khan S (2004) Farming and land stewardship. Case study – Australia’s innovations in sustainable irrigation. 12th Australian Agronomy Conference. Brisbane. 26 September-1 October 2004. http://www.cropscience.org.au/icsc2004/symposia/6/2/1838_ creightonc.htm. • Durack M (2005) Urban irrigation research at the Cooperative Research Centre for Irrigation Futures. In ‘Proceedings National Workshop on Role of Irrigation in Urban Water Conservation –Opportunities and Challenges’. (Eds B Maheshwari and G Connellan) October 28-29 Cooperative Research Centre for Irrigation Futures pp.9-10. ★ Elmahdi, A. Malano H, and Khan, S. (2004). A System Dynamic Approach And Irrigation Demand Management Modelling. Environmental Engineering Conference, 6-9 December 2004. University of Wollongong. ★ Elmahdi, A. Malano H, and Khan, S. (2004) A System Dynamic Approach And Sustainability Indicator modelling for the Coleambally Irrigation system. 2004 World Conference on Natural Resource modelling, 12-15 December, Melbourne. ★ Elmahdi A, Malano H, and Khan, S. (2004). Sustainability indicator for the Coleambally irrigation system, Australa. 18th Victorian Universities Earth and Environmental Conference, September 2004, Geological Society of Australia, Abstract No.75, p 27. ★ Fairweather H (2004) The art and science of irrigation. 7th International River Symposium, 31 August – 3 September 2004, Brisbane, Australia. • Fairweather H (2004) The role of objective and subjective assessments in improving irrigation efficiency. Proceedings of the Society for Engineering in Agriculture Conference, 14-16 September 2004, Dubbo, Australia. ★ Fairweather, H. (2005) Climate Science: is it just crystal ball gazing or can it really add value to irrigation management? Irrigation 2005 Restoring the Balance. Proceedings Irrigation Association of Australia National Conference, 18-20th May 2005, Townsville, Australia. www. irrigation.org.au/irrig2005/ ★ Inman-Bamber NG, Attard SJ, Baillie C, Lawson D and Simpson L (2005) A web-based system for planning use of limited irrigation water in sugarcane. In ‘Proceedings 27th Annual Conference for the Australian Society Sugar Cane Technology, pp170-181. ★ Inman-Bamber NG, Attard SJ and Spillman MF (2004) Can lodging be controlled through irrigation? In ‘Proceedings 26th Annual Conference for the Australian Society Sugar Cane Technology, CD-Rom, 11pp. • Kellett B, Bristow KL and Charlesworth PB (2005) Accounting for experts assumptions and cultural understandings in environmental risk assessment for irrigation: A groundwater nitrate case study. Irrigation 2005 Restoring the Balance. Proceedings Irrigation Association of Australia National Conference, 18-20th May 2005, Townsville, Australia. www.irrigation. org.au/irrig2005/ ★ Khan S (2004) Water Management Challenges for Irrigated Agriculture in Australia and Asia International Conference on Water Security for Future Generations July 26–31. Changchun, Jilin Province, P.R. China ★ Khan S (2004) Systems Approach to Water Savings. In ‘Proceedings of ANCID 2004 Conference’ 10-13 October, South Australia. •

[42] Cooperative Research Centre for IRRIGATION FUTURES Khan S (2004) Solutions for Irrigation Salinity. In ‘Conference Proceedings, 1st Engineering Solutions Conference’. November 9-12. Perth pp 284-296. ★ Khan, S (2005) Improving On-farm vs Regional Water Use Efficiency - Who Pays and Owns the Losses. Irrigation 2005 Restoring the Balance. Proceedings Irrigation Association of Australia National Conference, 18-20th May 2005, Townsville, Australia. www.irrigation.org. au/irrig2005/ ★ Khan S, Rana T and Blackwell J (2004) Can Irrigation Be Sustainable? In ‘Proceedings of the 4th International Crop Science Conference. 26 September-1 October 2004, Brisbane, Queensland. http://www.regional.org.au/au/cs/2004/symposia/1/7/1399_shahbazkhan.htm ★ Lourey R and Linehan C (2004) Public and Private Sector Collaboration to achieve NRMoutcomes. Ecopolitics XV Conference Proceedings: Environmental Governance: Transforming Regions and Localities, 12-14 November, Macquarie University Sydney. CD • Maheshwari B (2004) Urban irrigation: Understanding issues and research needs. In ‘Proceedings National Workshop on Role of Irrigation in Urban Water Conservation –Opportunities and Challenges’. (Eds B Maheshwari and G Connellan) October 28-29 Cooperative Research Centre for Irrigation Futures pp.15-18. ★ Maheshwari BL and Simmons B (2003) Issues, challenges and opportunities for water reuse and management in Sydney, Australia. In ‘Water and Wastewater: Perspectives of Developing Countries’. (Eds R Devi and N Ashan) pp. 73-80 IWA Publishing, London, U.K. • Maheshwari BL, Cornish P and Simmons B (2003) Water in urban and peri-urban landscapes – Australian perspectives. In ‘Watershed Management’. (Eds VP Singh and RN Yadava) pp. 279-291 Allied Publishers Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi. • Mckay J (2005) Corporate governance models in major Australian urban water utilities- a typology after the first decade of reform and issues for the future. In ‘Efficient 2005 International Conference on the Efficient Use and Management of Urban Water’. 15-17 March 2005, IWA, Chile. pp. 240-248 ★ Meyer W (2005) Irrigation in perspective in the Murray and Murrumbidgee Basins. Irrigation 2005 Restoring the Balance. Proceedings Irrigation Association of Australia National Conference, 18-20th May 2005, Townsville, Australia. www.irrigation.org.au/irrig2005/ ★ Misra RK, Fuentes S and Raine SR (2005) Recent developments and strategies in the use of plant indicators for irrigation scheduling. Irrigation 2005 Restoring the Balance. Proceedings Irrigation Association of Australia National Conference, 18-20th May 2005, Townsville, Australia. www.irrigation.org.au/irrig2005/ ★ Petheram C, Charlesworth PB, Narayan KA and Bristow KL (2005) Strategies for managing watertables and salinity around Mona Park in the lower Burdekin, North Queensland. OzWater WaterShed Conference, 5-7th May, Townsville, Australia. CD-Rom. • Raine SR, Purcell J and Schmidt E (2005) Improving whole farm and infield irrigation efficiencies using Irrimate TM tools. Irrigation 2005 Restoring the Balance. Proceedings Irrigation Association of Australia National Conference, 18-20th May 2005, Townsville, Australia. www.irrigation.org.au/irrig2005/ ★ Sands J, and Jerdan L (2005) Studies carried out on the use of recycled water at Indooroopilly golf course. Irrigation 2005 Restoring the Balance. Proceedings Irrigation Association of Australia National Conference, 18-20th May 2005, Townsville, Australia. www.irrigation.org. au/irrig2005/ • Sands J, and Blackall P (2005) Monitoring of irrigation with reclaimed water on tree and vine crops. Irrigation 2005 Restoring the Balance. Proceedings Irrigation Association of Australia National Conference, 18-20th May 2005, Townsville, Australia. www.irrigation.org.au/ irrig2005/ • Stevens R, Biswas T, Edraki M, Adams T and Schrale G (2004) Is Leaching Efficiency Limiting the WUE for Lower Murray Horticulture?. In ‘Proceedings ANCID Conference 2004’ 10-13 October 2004, pp. 145-154. ★

[43] Stirzaker RJ, Sunassee S and Wilkie J (2004) Monitoring water, nitrate and salt on farm: a comparison of methods. Irrigation Association of Australia 2004 Conference, 11-13 May 2004, Adelaide. CD-Rom. • Stirzaker R (2005) Irrigation scheduling with measurement control – set and forget or live and learn. In ‘Proceedings National Workshop on Role of Irrigation in Urban Water Conservation –Opportunities and Challenges’. (Eds B Maheshwari and G Connellan) October 28-29 Cooperative Research Centre for Irrigation Futures pp. 39-40. ★ Stirzaker R (2005) Obstacles to the adoption of irrigation scheduling. Irrigation 2005 Restoring the Balance. Proceedings Irrigation Association of Australia National Conference, 18-20th May 2005, Townsville, Australia. www.irrigation.org.au/irrig2005/ ★ Thayalakumaran T, Charlesworth PB, Bristow KL, van Bemmelen, RJ & Jaffres J (2004) An evaluation of the denitrification potential of the lower Burdekin aquifers. In: Proceedings SuperSoil 2004 Conference, Australian Society of Soil Science, 5-9 December 2004, Sydney, Australia. • Thayalakumaran T, Charlesworth PB, Bristow KL & Vernooy M (2005) Evaluation of the potential for denitrification along the groundwater flow path in the lower Burdekin. OzWater WaterShed Conference, 5-7th May, Townsville, Australia. CD-Rom. • Waterhouse T (2005) Water conservation in urban landscapes – issues and challenges for irrigation equipment manufacturers. In ‘Proceedings National Workshop on Role of Irrigation in Urban Water Conservation –Opportunities and Challenges’. (Eds B Maheshwari and G Connellan) October 28-29 Cooperative Research Centre for Irrigation Futures pp.43-44. ★ White SC and Raine SR (2004) Identifying the potential to apply deficit irrigation strategies in cotton using large mobile irrigation machines. 4th International Crop Science Conference, September 26 – October 1, Brisbane. www.cropscience.org.au/icsc2004/poster/1/5/718_ whitesc.htm ★ Williams D (2005) Open Hydroponics – Basic introduction to this holistic view of fertigation and irrigation management. Irrigation 2005 Restoring the Balance. Proceedings Irrigation Association of Australia National Conference, 18-20th May 2005, Townsville, Australia. www.irrigation.org.au/irrig2005/ ★ Williams D (2005) Utilizing key checks to identify irrigation farm components that require improvements in water use efficiency. Irrigation 2005 Restoring the Balance. Proceedings Irrigation Association of Australia National Conference, 18-20th May 2005, Townsville, Australia. www.irrigation.org.au/irrig2005/ • 8.4 Reports

Boland A, Falivene S, Goodwin I and Williams D (2005) Open Hydroponics: opportunities and risks stage 1 - final report DAN 22. National Program for Sustainable Irrigation. LWA, Canberra. ★ Charters C and Khan S (2004) Managing land productivity reductions in rained and irrigated systems – the Australian experience. Contribution to a Stockholm International Water Institute CSD 13 study for Water, production- and consumption patterns for food, and ecological sustainability, November. • Craig I, Green A, Scobie M and Schmidt E (2005) Controlling evaporation loss from water storages. NCEA Publication 1000580/1 April 2005. • Durack M, Malano H, Schmidt E, Khan S, Thompson C, Steele A and Standen A (2005) Smart Systems and System Harmonisation – Scoping Study. Report to the National Program for Sustainable Irrigation. ★

[44] Cooperative Research Centre for IRRIGATION FUTURES Jayawardane NS, Humphreys E, Robinson D, Blackwell J and Christen EW (2004) On-farm water use efficiency and water productivity in irrigation areas of the Murrumbidgee Catchment. Technical Report of the Water Savings Project for the Water for Healthy Country Flagship Program, CSIRO, Canberra. • Kellett B, Bristow KL and Charlesworth PB (2004) Indicator Frameworks for Assessing Irrigation Sustainability. CSIRO Land and Water Technical Report No. 01/05 ★ Khan S, Akbar S, Rana Y, Abbas A, Robinson D, Dassanayke D, Hirsi I, Blackwell J, Xevi E, Carmichael A (2004) Hydrologic Economic Ranking of Water Saving Options Murrumbidgee Valley. In ‘The Business of Saving Water – The Report of the Murrumbidgee Valley Water Efficiency Feasibility Project’. (317 pages), Pratt Water, Victoria, Australia. ★ Khan S, Hafeez M, Beddek R, Paydar Z and Blackwell J (2004) Tracking Unaccounted Flows in the Lowbidgee using a Hydrological And Remote sensing Approach In ‘The Business of Saving Water – The Report of the Murrumbidgee Valley Water Efficiency Feasibility Project’. (105 pages), Pratt Water, Victoria, Australia. ★ Khan S, Rana T, Beddek R, Blackwell J, Paydar Z, Carroll J (2004) Whole of Catchment Water and Salt Balance To Identify Potential Water Saving Options. In ‘The Business of Saving Water – The Report of the Murrumbidgee Valley Water Efficiency Feasibility Project’. (85 pages), Pratt Water, Victoria, Australia. ★ Loch RJ, Grant CD, McKenzie DC and Raine SR (2005) Improving plants’ water use efficiency and potential impacts from soil structure change - Research investment opportunities. Final report to the National Program for Sustainable Irrigation. CRC for Irrigation Futures Report No. 3.14/1. ★ Maheshwari B and Connellan G (2004) Role of Irrigation in Urban Water Conservation: Opportunities and Challenges, Proceedings of the National Workshop on Role of Irrigation in Urban Water Conservation –Opportunities and Challenges. October 28-29 CRC for Irrigation Futures Technical Report No. 01/05, 79p. ★ Meyer WS, (2005). The Irrigation Industry in the Murray and Murrumbidgee Basins. CRC for Irrigation Futures Technical Report No. 03/05. ★ Raine SR, Meyer WS, Rassam DW, Hutson JL and Cook FJ (2005) Soil-water and saltmovement associated with precision irrigation systems - Research investment opportunities. Final report to the National Program for Sustainable Irrigation. CRC for Irrigation Futures Report Number 3.13/1. ★ Schrale GS and Biswas TK (2004) Salinity impact on lower Murray horticulture - Stage 1 Report for NPSI. Water Resources & Irrigation, SARDI Sustainable Systems ★ Stirzaker RJ (2005) Saving water on sports ovals in Canberra. CSIRO Land and Water Client Report. • Stirzaker RJ and Thomson T (2004) Full Stop at Angas Bremer: report to the Angas Bremer Water management Committee Inc. CSIRO Land and Water Client Report. • Stirzaker R, Stevens J, Annandale J, Maeko T, Steyn J, Mpandeli S, Maurobane W, Nkgapele J and Jovanovic N (2004) Building Capacity in Irrigation Management with Wetting Front Detectors. Report to the Water Research Commission No. TT 230/04. • Thatalakumaran T, Charlesworth PB and Bristow KL (2004) Denitrification processes in the lower Burdekin aquifer. CSIRO Land and Water Technical Report No. 32/04. • Young M, McColl J, Ward J, Shi T, 2004 Licence-based options for deepening and extending the water market. Option report to the Department of Water, Land and Biodiversity Conservation, South Australia, Adelaide. •

[45] 9 » Communications Strategy

The CRC for Irrigation Futures’ communication plan provides a framework for communicating the activities of the CRC in a wide number of forums. Communication and participation are essential components of the CRC’s responsibility to provide strategic science for irrigation practice and planning, public policy and decision-making. Effective communication can help the CRC fulfill its Mission by: • Identifying the needs of Australian irrigation management agencies, industries and community groups. • Interpreting stakeholder needs to facilitate research and development delivery • Fostering collaborative, creative and effective cooperative research • Delivering knowledge to partners, stakeholders and interest groups • Building and maintaining relationships that support CRC activities The results of good communication and participation mean that information, tools and knowledge are used to improve water productivity and profitability, ecosystem health and quality of life through: • Changes to policy and legislation • Technological and industry development • Professional education and training • Greater community awareness of key issues • Public participation in planning and management of regional irrigation areas The CRC has moved to implement the communication plan with the following activities. Inflo, a monthly electronic newsletter continues to play a major communication role. Towards the end of the year the focus of the newsletter shifted from internal communication to informing stakeholders of the CRC’s activities and research. This shift coincided with the upgrading of the CRC’s website which allows anyone to subscribe to the newsletter. This has seen 80% of our stakeholders, who have downloaded information from our website, elect to subscribe to Inflo. The newsletter now has more than 350 subscribers. The CRC’s website underwent a major upgrade. The website now provides profiles the CRC’s postgraduate students, staff and partners, contains comprehensive information on the CRC’s research, education and training programs and provides information on the news and events and publications. The website recorded over 28,000 visits over the year, with 82% being from the Oceania region. Eleven brochures were published during the year. These brochures outline who we are, our zones work and what research is being undertaken. These brochures are being used to help build the CRC’s profile.

[46] Cooperative Research Centre for IRRIGATION FUTURES 9.1 Public Presentations

Table 10. Public Presentations

Date Presenter Topic Audience/Location 15 July 2004 Mr Matthew Durack Current research interests of the Wagga Wagga: CRC Rice Board CRC and the potential for further Meeting After Dinner Speaker collaboration 19 July 2004 Dr Ian Goodwin Deficit Irrigation strategies American Society of Viticulture and Enology - NW Chapter, Boise, Idaho 20 July 2004 Dr Richard Stirzaker Crashing through the barriers to NSW Agriculture Water scheduling adoption Management staff 21 July 2004 Dr Helen Fairweather Sirmod training & workshop NSW Agriculture Water Management staff 24 July 2004 Prof. Shahbaz Khan Water Savings in the Presentation to the Murray Darling Murrumbidgee Catchment. Basin Commission, Canberra 26 July 2004 Mr Matthew Durack Presentation and discussion with Toowoomba: Murray Darling Ray Najar and others from the Association Meeting Presentation Murray Darling Association to the Toowoomba City Council regarding a co-sponsored workshop in the north regarding Living Murray Matters and the Darling 26 – 31 July 2004 Prof. Shahbaz Khan Key note speech “Water International Conference on Water Management Challenges for Security for Future Generations Irrigated Agriculture in Australia Changchun, Jilin Province, P.R. And Asia” China Aug 2004 Mr Erik Schmidt, Dr Controlling evaporation from Bongeen field day Sep 2004 Ian Craig, Mr Andrew storages Toowoomba Workshop Oct 2004 Green Colonsay field day Jan 2005 Goondiwindi field day April 2005 St George field day May 2005 Dirranbandi field day Moree field day Townsville IAA Conference IEAust seminar August 2004 Dr Richard Stirzaker Salt monitoring Farmers, NRM agencies Langhorn creek 10 August 2004 Mr Matthew Durack “Biotechnology and the Future of Sydney: AgBio 4 Conference Irrigation Practice” 17 August 2004 Prof. Shahbaz Khan “Surface-ground water and intra- Representatives of government aquifer interactions: how can we and farmer bodies at the School ensure sustainable development of Science and Technology, Wagga of Murrumbidgee aquifers?” Wagga. 17 August 2004 Prof. Shahbaz Khan Challenges for salinity GRDC Irrigation Update, Rich management in irrigated River Golf Club Moama agriculture: meeting targets through on-farm 17 August 2004 Dr Ian Goodwin Matching irrigation to orchard DPI Precision Agriculture Meeting, water use Tatura 24 August 2004 Dr Wayne Meyer Water in Australia - will there be Apple and Pear Growers National enough? Conference, invited speaker, Adelaide

[47] 31 August 2004 Mr Matthew Durack CRC research plan and potential Toowoomba: Condamine future linkages. Catchment Management Association September 2004 Prof. Shahbaz Khan “Can Irrigation Be Sustainable?” 4th International Crop Science Conference. Brisbane September 2004 Dr Gerrit Schrale Root zone salinity in the lower NPSI management committee, Murray horticulture Mildura Vic. 1 September 2004 Mr Jeremy Giddings Improving Irrigation Efficiency in National Program for Sustainable the Lower Murray Darling Irrigation Program Management Committee 2 September 2004 Dr Wayne Meyer Have irrigation methods Murray Darling Association improved? Do they make a Conference invited speaker, difference? Renmark 8 September 2004 Dr Helen Fairweather Evapotranspiration – Water NSW Agriculture Water management Management 14-16 September Dr Helen Fairweather Organised SEAg conference with Agricultural Engineers (From 2004 strong irrigation focus Dubbo to Bourke) 30 September 2004 Mr Matthew Durack Potential Innovations yet to come Sydney: Spoke at launch of book to media and industry based “Water Innovations” audience October 2004 Dr Richard Stirzaker Irrigation scheduling NSW Ag workshop, Dubbo October 2004 Dr Gerrit Schrale Salinity impact on lower Murray NPSI Investors Forum, Barossa horticulture Valley 1 October 2004 Dr Ian Goodwin Irrigation management workshop Raspberry Growers, Knoxfield 6 October 2004 Prof. Shahbaz Khan Improving Irrigation Water CSIRO Climate Science Annual Efficiency and Environmental Meeting, Melbourne Flows Through Better Climate Forecasts 10 October 2004 Mr Matthew Durack Future Research Opportunities as 2004 ANCID Annual Conference well as presenting CRC Sponsored Prizes to Innovative Irrigators 10 October 2004 Dr Keith Bristow Northern Australia Irrigation Land and Water Australia Futures. Sustainable Irrigation Program Investors Forum, Barossa Valley, Tanunda, South Australia 10-13 October 2004 Prof. Shahbaz Khan Systems Approach to Water Australian National Committee on Savings Irrigation and Drainage Annual Conference. Barossa Valley, South Australia 10-13 October 2004 Dr Anne Maree Use of Recycled Water in Australian National Committee on Boland Australian Horticulture. Irrigation and Drainage Annual Conference. Barossa Valley, South Australia 10-12 October 2004 Dr Wayne Meyer Lack of provision fror research Australian National Committee on in National Water Initiative is a Irrigation and Drainage Annual concern Conference. Barossa Valley, South Australia 20 October 2004 Ms Cheryl McCarthy Advance rate measurement for Water Panel of Engineers furrow irrigation Australia, Queensland Division, Brisbane 20 October 2004 Mr Steven Falivene Open Hydroponics NPSI investors forum, Tanunda, SA 26 October 2004 Dr Ian Goodwin Vine water needs Viticulture 04 Growing Our Future – Conference, Mildura 26 October 2004 Prof. Shahbaz Khan Water for All for Ever – Seeking Representatives of government Solutions for a Sustainable Future and farmer bodies at the School of Science and Technology, Wagga Wagga

[48] Cooperative Research Centre for IRRIGATION FUTURES 28-29 October 2004 Assoc. Prof. Basant Urban irrigation National Workshop, Sydney Maheshwari 29 October 2004 Prof. Shahbaz Khan Future Investments in Murrumbidgee Irrigation Board – Sustainability and Areas of Murrumbidgee Irrigation, Griffith Investments for R&D for Smart Land and Water Management Options November 2004 Dr Gerrit Schrale Root zone salinity in the lower AGM of the SA Murray Irrigators Murray horticulture Inc. at Mypolonga SA. November 2004 Mr Daryl Stevens Recycled water and quality Integrated Farm Assurance assurance Conference. Hobart November 2004 Dr Anne Maree Recycled water, a resource for Integrated Farm Assurance Boland horticulture Conference. Hobart November 2004 Dr Wayne Meyer ET and water upflow CSIRO Davies Lab, Townsville 10 November 2004 Prof. Shahbaz Khan Key note address titled “Solutions First Engineering Salinity for Irrigation Salinity” Conference 9-12 Perth. 10 November 2004 Dr Ian Goodwin Irrigation of fruit trees in the Japanese delegation, Tatura Goulburn Valley 15-17 November Dr Tian Shi Tackling complexity: A compatible Inaugural Australian Water 2004 framework for the classification Trading Summit, Canberra of water entitlements in the Southern Connected River Murray System December 2004 Dr Richard Stirzaker Open hydroponics Mildura 7 Dec 2004 Prof Hector Malano Water Management, Allocation Politechnic Institute of Torino, and Trade under Conditions of Italy. Scarcity in Australia 10 December 2004 Prof. Shahbaz Khan Sustained Productivity of Pakistan Agricultural Research Degraded Land & Water Resources Council, Pakistan -A Catchment Approach 20 December 2004 Prof. Shahbaz Khan Global Climate Change and Water Global Climate Impacts Studies Resources – Australian and Centre – Islamabad, Pakistan Pakistan Perspective 27 January 2005 Dr Keith Bristow Northern Australia Irrigation WA Water Task Force, Perth Futures 28 January 2005 Dr Keith Bristow Irrigation within a broader sub- CSIRO Floret Park, Perth, WA catchment context: The lower Burdekin. 1 February 2005 Dr Keith Bristow Northern Australia Irrigation Sun Water, Ayr, Queensland Futures 9-11 February 2005 Dr Tian Shi Simplifying complexity: a Australian Agricultural and framework for the rationalization Resource Economics Society 49th of water entitlements in the Annual Conference, Coffs Harbour Southern Connected River Murray System. 14 February 2005 Bart Kellett A Sustainability Framework to BBIFMAC Office, Ayr, Queensland Guide Irrigation Development in Northern Australia 22 February 2005 Dr Keith Bristow Northern Australia Irrigation Northern Australia Environment Futures Alliance, Brisbane 22-24 February 2005 Peter Smith and Erik Summer Zone Stakeholder Gunnedah, Narrabri, Morree Schmidt Workshops 22-25 February 2005 Prof. Shahbaz Khan Progress in the implementation of International Conference on UNESCO IHP-HELP “Integrated Assessment of Water Resources and Global Change: A North-South Analysis”, Global Water System Project (GWSP) Bonn, Germany

[49] 23 February 2005 Dr Ian Goodwin Effective area of shade and Melbourne University viticulture irrigation scheduling workshop students 25 February 2005 Mr Matthew Durack Living Darling and public Moree: Living Darling Public discussion Meeting 28 February-2 March Dr Tian Shi Simplifying complexity: a Third Annual Australian Water 2005 framework for water entitlements Summit, Melbourne arrangements in the Southern Connected River Murray System. March 2005 Dr Richard Stirzaker Soil water monitoring New Ag International conference, Turkey March 2005 Prof Jennifer McKay Corporate Governance Models In International Water Association Major Australian Urban Water conference Chile Businesses A Typology In The First Decade After Reform And Issues For The Future 7 March 2005 Dr Ian Goodwin Precision irrigation research in DPI staff and CRC, Tatura horticulture 9 March 2005 Dr Helen Fairweather Climate change and the NWI Various parliamentarians 20 March 2005 Mr David Williams Open Hydroponics IAA State conference, Townsville, Queensland 31 March 2005 Dr Ian Goodwin Irrigation of fruit trees South African delegation, Tatura April 2005 Mr Blair Nancarrow The community and water reuse: Water reuse and recycling 2005 what drives decisions to accept Conference, Sydney or reject? April 2005 Mr Daryl Stevens Agricultural use of recycled water Water reuse and recycling 2005 in Australia Conference, Sydney April 2005 Dr Gerrit Schrale Salinity impact on lower Murray CRC-IF Winter Zone Group, horticulture Melbourne April 2005 Dr Richard Stirzaker Soil water monitoring Aust. Lettuce conference Melbourne 5 April 2005 Peter Smith and Erik Summer Zone Stakeholder Toowoomba, Bundaberg, Emerald Schmidt Workshops 14 April 2005 Prof. Shahbaz Khan, Presentations on the Community Workshop, Leeton, Dr Brian Davidson, seasonality of flows and system April 14th 2005 Dr Catherine Allan harmonisation concepts 14 April 2005 Assoc. Prof. Steven Soil-water holding, infiltration Australian Society of Soil Science, Raine and drainage Refresher training course, Toowoomba 8 May 2005 Prof Jennifer McKay Corporate governance of irrigation Ozwater convention seminar water supply businesses in NSW Governance now and in the future Brisbane May 2005 Dr Anne Maree Use of Reclaimed Water in IAA OzWater Conference, Boland Australian Horticulture Townsville May 2005 Dr Gerrit Schrale Salinity impact on lower Murray Regional forum of the Institute of horticulture Public Administration, Berri SA 18 May 2005 Dr Anne Maree Use of Reclaimed Water in Restoring the Balance, IAA Boland Australian Horticulture Regional Conference, Townsville 18 May 2005 David Williams The water use efficiency checklist Restoring the Balance, IAA Regional Conference, Townsville 18 May 2005 Erik Schmidt Controlling evaporation from on- Restoring the Balance, IAA farm storage Regional Conference, Townsville 18 May 2005 Geoff Connellan Evaluating and benchmarking Restoring the Balance, IAA performance Regional Conference, Townsville 18 May 2005 Assoc. Prof. Steve Improving whole farm and in-field Restoring the Balance, IAA Raine efficiencies using IRRIMATE tools Regional Conference, Townsville 18 May 2005 Steve Attard Current BMP for sugar irrigation Restoring the Balance, IAA including new tools for irrigation Regional Conference, Townsville scheduling

[50] Cooperative Research Centre for IRRIGATION FUTURES 18 May 2005 Des McGarry Improved measurement and Restoring the Balance, IAA prediction of deep drainage under Regional Conference, Townsville irrigated cotton fields and likely groundwater responses 18 May 2005 Dr Gerrit Schrale Real time drainage fluxes from Restoring the Balance, IAA the root zone by capacitance Regional Conference, Townsville probe data 18 May 2005 Dr Saud Akbar Seepage losses from analysis to Restoring the Balance, IAA on-ground actions Regional Conference, Townsville 18 May 2005 Dr Richard Stirzaker Barriers to adoptions Restoring the Balance, IAA Regional Conference, Townsville 19 May 2005 Dr Jim Sands Results of a study carried out Restoring the Balance, IAA on the use of recycled water at Regional Conference, Townsville Indooroopilly Golf Club 19 May 2005 Dr Rabi Misra Recent developments and Restoring the Balance, IAA strategies in using plant Regional Conference, Townsville indicators for irrigation scheduling 19 May 2005 Dr Arie Nadler Tree stem water content response Restoring the Balance, IAA to salinity or water stresses Regional Conference, Townsville 19 May 2005 Dr Jim Sands Monitoring of irrigation with Restoring the Balance, IAA reclaimed water on tree and vine Regional Conference, Townsville crops 19 May 2005 Dr Wayne Meyer Irrigation in the perspective of Restoring the Balance, IAA the Murray and Murrumbidgee Regional Conference, Townsville Basins 19 May 2005 Prof. Shahbaz Khan Improving On-Farm Vs Regional Restoring the Balance, IAA Water Use Efficiency – Who Pays Regional Conference, Townsville and Owns the Losses? 19 May 2005 Dr Helen Fairweather Climate science: is it just crystal Restoring the Balance, IAA ball gazing or can it add value to Regional Conference, Townsville irrigation management? 19 May 2005 Fabian Gallo System performance assessment Restoring the Balance, IAA for optimal water and fertiliser Regional Conference, Townsville application 19 May 2005 Dr Evan Christen Sustainability framework for triple Restoring the Balance, IAA bottom line reporting Regional Conference, Townsville 19 May 2005 Bart Kellett Sustainability indictors for Restoring the Balance, IAA Northern Australia Regional Conference, Townsville 19 May 2005 Geoff Connellan Improved irrigation efficiency for Restoring the Balance, IAA turf and landscape case studies Regional Conference, Townsville 19 May 2005 David Williams Open hydroponics. Basic Restoring the Balance, IAA introduction to this holistic view Regional Conference, Townsville to fertigation and irrigation management 20 May 2005 Dr Evan Christen Triple Bottom Line reporting to CSIRO Land & Water Griffith Enhance Sustainability Technical Talk series. 24 May 2005 Dr Helen Fairweather Using Bayesian Networks to Natural Ressource Management determine Whole of System Water Professionals/Melbourne Use Efficiency 25 May 2005 Dr Wayne Meyer Global Trends in Irrigation National Cotton Trade Show, Moree 25 May 2005 Joseph Foley The dream irrigation system of National Cotton Trade Show, the future Moree 25 & 26 May David Wigginton Overhead irrigation systems National Cotton Trade Show, purchasing decision Moree

[51] 26 May 2005 Prof. Shahbaz Khan Potential use of hydro-ecology Biodiversity Forum Griffith research to inform biodiversity recovery across highly modified landscapes 27 May 2005 Prof. Shahbaz Khan Barriers to cross-agency and Biodiversity Forum Griffith cross-sectoral cooperation June 2005 Dr Gerrit Schrale Salinity impact on lower Murray River Murray Catchment Water horticulture Management Board, Berri 2 June 2005 Steve Attard, Geoff ‘Making the best use of limited Mackay Sugar Limited, BSES Inman-Bamber water’ and ‘DamEa$y’ Ltd, Sugar cane farmers, CANEGROWERS and QSDI 6 June 2005 Mr Matthew Durack Water Challenges for Regional Dalby Shire Council Councils – presentation to Dalby Shire Council 8 June 2005 Peter Smith and Erik Summer Zone Stakeholder Gatton Schmidt Workshops 8 June 2005 Dr Evan Christen The Irrigation Sustainability CSU School of Science and Challenge and Triple Bottom Line Technology Seminar Series Reporting 10 June 2005 Dr Evan Christen CRC Participants Forum CSIRO Land and Water Canberra 15 June 2005 Mr Steven Falivene Open Hydroponics Katherine, NT, Cittgroup meeting 15 June 2005 Mr Matthew Durack Irrigation Research Challenges Griffith: 2005 Irrigated Grain Research Up Date 16 June 2005 Dr Ian Goodwin Irrigation scheduling in vineyards Swinburne University of Technology students, Tatura 16 June 2005 Dr Geoff Inman- ‘A web-based system for planning Proserpine Canegrowers Preharvest Bamber use of limited irrigation water in AGM sugarcane.’ 17 June 2005 Mr Steven Falivene Open Hydroponics Kununurra, WA, Cittgroup meeting 22 June 2005 Dr Gerrit Schrale Salinity impact on lower Murray Presentation to SA Minister horticulture for the River Murray and local growers, Barmera, SA

[52] Cooperative Research Centre for IRRIGATION FUTURES 9.2 Media

Table 11. Media activity

Date Presenter Topic Media 3 July 2004 Mr Mike Young Australia sets about Canberra Times (Saturday managing water Forum, page 6) 27 July 2004 Mr Mike Young Sold down the river Advertiser (Adelaide) (General News, page 6) 9 August 2004 Dr Q.J. Wang Demand for worthy Country News workshops 12 August 2004 Mr Mike Young Saving the precious drop Australian Financial Review (Supplements, page 15) 17 August 2004 Dr Wayne Meyer Irrigation Chief named Adelaide Advertiser 26 August 2004 Dr Wayne Meyer The future of water – role ABC Radio Rockhampton of irrigation 31 August 2004 Dr Wayne Meyer Desalination ABC Radio Wollongong September 2004 Mr Erik Schmidt Controlling Evaporation ABC Radio 23 September 2004 Dr Tapas Biswas Tackling the silent time SA Stock Journal bomb 27 September 2004 Dr Q.J. Wang Water planning Country News 29 September 2004 Dr Wayne Meyer Water for food JJJ Radio 1 October 2004 Dr Tapas Biswas Tackling the salt time bomb Murray Pioneer 20 October 2004 Dr Tapas Biswas, Mr Rob Tackling the silent time Loxton News Stevens bomb 21 October 2004 Mr Mike Young We may be forced to buy Canberra Times (General in water News, page 1) 26 October 2004 Assoc. Prof. Basant Role of urban irrigation Penrith Press Maheshwari 1 November 2004 Assoc. Prof. Basant Urban irrigation issues Radio interview ABC Maheshwari Newcastle; 9:30-9:35 am 20 November 2004 Mr Mike Young Water reform forum Advertiser (Adelaide) (General News, page 56) December 2004 Dr Tapas Biswas Tackling root zone salinity RMCWMB In the Basin in the Riverland and newsletter Issue 4 Sunraysia December 2004 Dr Richard Stirzaker Urban Irrigation TV news 13 December 2004 Mr Mike Young Blitz of water news Canberra Times (General News, page 5) January 2005 Mr Rob Stevens Interview about the project WIN TV Riverland January 2005 Mr Erik Schmidt Controlling Evaporation ABC TV Landline 12 January 2005 Dr Gerrit Schrale Tackling salinity in Sunraysia Daily Sunraysia and the Riverland 17 March 2005 Mr Mike Young Irrigators grapple with Stock Journal (SA) (General double water allocations News, page 6) 26 March 2005 Mr Mike Young Reforms trickle on through Weekend Australian (Inquirer, page 26)

[53] 1 April 2005 Dr Wayne Meyer ABS irrigation water use on ABC radio farms figures 19 April 2005 Prof. Shahbaz Khan Massive Water Savings are Canberra Times Possible 22 April 2005 Mr Mike Young Water trade is finding its Australian (Business News, own level page 27) 27 April 2005 Prof. Shahbaz Khan 300 Gigalitres found Weekly Times 30 April 2005 Prof. Shahbaz Khan Small changes can prevent Canberra Times big losses May 2005 Dr Gerrit Schrale Interview on Salinity ABC Radio Country Hour Impact on Lower Murray Horticulture 4 May 2005 Dr Wayne Meyer On-farm storage, likely ABC Rural Report changes of water supply for irrigators. 18 May 2005 Dr Wayne Meyer Irrigation in northern ABC Rural Report Australia 25 May 2005 Dr Wayne Meyer Report on Global trends in The Land newspaper irrigation innovation 30 May and 27 June 2005 Geoff Kuehne Research into management North West Magazine responses to reduced water entitlements by Namoi Valley irrigators 4 May 2005 Dr Evan Christen Interview on the Macquarie Regional Radio sustainability challenge network, ‘My Big Backyard’ project June 2005 Mr Mark Shepheard Newspaper article titled Southern Weekly (NSW) ‘A sustainable future for irrigation’ 2 June 2005 Dr Tian Shi 438 Murray Rights Australian (General news, page 5) 15 June 2005 Mr Steven Falivene ABC radio interview NT ABC radio 27 June 2005 Prof. Jennifer McKay Water theft for the river Bush Telegraph, ABC Radio Murray National

[54] Cooperative Research Centre for IRRIGATION FUTURES 10 » Grants and awards

Research Grants

Table 12. Research Grants

CRC Organisation Title Source Period Amount Researcher(s) C Baldwin University Consensus building Queensland 3 years $13,500 of Southern in water allocation Government Queensland and use “Growing the Smart State”

C McCarthy University Australian DEST 3 years $75,000 of Southern Postgraduate Award Queensland

Awards

Table 13. Awards

J Giddings The Gallery Club Award for excellence in Non-standard Production and Manufacture 2003— non-retail publication (Drip Irrigation – a grape grower’s guide, 3rd Edition) Andrew Hamilton DPI Daniel McAlpine Award Prof Jennifer McKay Finalist in PhD supervisor of the year

[55] 11 » Performance measures

Performance Indicator 2003/04 2004/05

Partner Engagement Number of partners 13 14 Total partner contribution1 100% 115% Average In-kind FTE 35% 22% Partners represented at Partner Forums 79% 97% Number of supporting partners 5 5 Number of industry partners 6 6 Collaborative arrangement Number of Annual Research Forum attendees na 93 Projects with more than 2 partners 63% 67% Value of projects jointly funded with other CRC’s 0 $1,372,275 Value of projects with third party investments 0 $246,5000 Publications with non-CRC authors na 44% Communication Inflo subscribers na 350 Number of visits to CRC Web site na 28,000 Number of document downloads CRC partners na 636 (72%) Stakeholders na 252 (28%) Number of media contributions 9 40 Number of workshops and conferences organised by CRC 1 5 members Number of public presentations 23 121 Research Quality and Relevance Number of publications Refereed Journals 15 20 Books and book chapters na 3 Conference papers na 54 Reports na 19 Invited reviews and commentaries in International 0 na Journals Positions on National and International Bodies na 0 Editorial positions on internationally circulating journals na na International visitors 0 1 Commercialisation and Utilisation Patents 0 0 Brand names and Trade marks 0 5 Commercialisation Agreements 0 0 Number of consultancies undertaken 0 5 ($0) ($99,308)

[56] Cooperative Research Centre for IRRIGATION FUTURES Education and Training Postgraduate students (FTE’s) New enrolments 9 PhD 17 0 MSc 0 In course 0 8 Completions 0 0 Number of scholarships and supporting grants awarded 9 17 and total value ($684,583) ($1,039,666) Students with awards external to CRC 22% 44% Students with industry supervision support 100% 100% Number of Honours 0 0 Number Summer Interns 5 6 Number of training events contributed to by CRC members 2 4 Number of Training products developed 0 2 Number of Training partnerships established 0 2

1Total core partner contribution (in-kind and cash) expressed as a percentage of 2003/04 na - not available

[57] 12 » Financial tables 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Diff 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1,054 1,842 5,042 6,332 1,545 1,867 1,850 2,701 2,896 3,412 4,551 Agr’mt 11,374 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Totals for 7 Totals years 1,054 1,842 5,042 6,332 1,545 1,867 1,850 2,701 2,896 3,412 4,551 11,374 Projected 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -98 134 209 343 -177 -310 -123 -102 -182 -487 -221 -284 Diff 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 300 526 440 532 528 771 826 972 1,440 1,808 3,248 1,299 Agr’mt 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Totals to Totals 2004-05 123 216 574 741 426 589 339 1,342 1,685 3,027 1,315 1,015 Actual 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 151 264 721 905 221 267 264 386 415 488 650 1,626 Agr’mt 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2009-10 151 264 721 905 221 267 264 386 415 488 650 1,626 Projected 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 151 263 720 905 221 267 264 386 414 488 650 1,625 Agr’m Agr’m 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2008-09 151 263 720 905 221 267 264 386 414 488 650 1,625 Projected 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 151 263 720 905 221 267 265 386 414 488 651 1,625 Agr’mt 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2007-08 Projected 151 263 720 905 221 267 265 386 414 488 651 1,625 Projected 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Financial Information – 1 Table 151 263 720 904 221 267 264 386 414 488 650 1,624 Agr’mt 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2006-07 151 263 720 904 221 267 264 386 414 488 650 1,624 Projected 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 150 263 721 905 221 267 265 386 413 488 651 1,626 Agr’mt 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 87 58 2005-06 327 573 819 367 568 900 145 935 1,028 1,847 Projected 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 95 283 495 801 115 256 375 778 210 631 1,006 1,807 Agr’mt 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2004-05 106 185 703 883 229 324 154 193 291 553 347 1,586 Actual 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Actual 17 31 48 639 802 345 417 272 396 762 668 1,441 Agr’mt Agr’mt 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 17 31 48 2003-04 639 802 345 417 272 396 762 668 1,441 Actual Other Total Other Total Authority Rural Goulburn-Murray Water Salaries Other Total Land and Australia Water Salaries Other Total NSW Department of Primary Industries Salaries Other Total QLD Department of Natural Resources and Mines Salaries Other Total In-kind contributions (dollars in $’000) CORE PARTICIPANTS Charles Sturt University Salaries Capital CSIRO Salaries Capital Capital Capital Capital Capital

[58] Cooperative Research Centre for IRRIGATION FUTURES 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 24 26 50 -24 -26 -50 Diff 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 17 21 38 794 960 700 956 577 759 947 928 1,754 1,656 1,336 1,875 Agr’mt 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Totals for 7 Totals years 41 47 88 770 934 700 956 577 759 947 928 1,704 1,656 1,336 1,875 Projected 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -2 -3 -9 -5 -5 12 13 25 -79 -55 -54 -14 -106 -185 -109 Diff 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 17 21 52 69 38 214 259 200 272 270 264 473 472 121 534 Agr’mt 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 29 34 43 64 Totals to Totals 2004-05 63 212 256 121 166 215 210 468 287 107 425 Actual 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 116 141 100 137 105 138 135 133 257 237 243 268 Agr’mt 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2009-10 116 141 100 137 105 138 135 133 257 237 243 268 Projected 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 116 140 100 137 105 138 135 133 256 237 243 268 Agr’m Agr’m 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2008-09 116 140 100 137 105 138 135 133 256 237 243 268 Projected 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 116 140 100 137 105 138 135 133 256 237 243 268 Agr’mt 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2007-08 Projected 116 140 100 137 105 138 135 133 256 237 243 268 Projected 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 116 140 100 137 105 138 136 133 256 237 243 269 Agr’mt 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2006-07 116 140 100 137 105 138 136 133 256 237 243 269 Projected 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 116 140 100 136 105 138 136 132 256 236 243 268 Agr’mt 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 12 13 94 25 2005-06 117 179 242 114 143 191 186 211 421 257 377 Projected 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 52 69 129 156 161 219 238 233 285 380 121 471 Agr’mt 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 12 13 82 43 64 25 2004-05 127 153 113 183 179 280 195 107 362 Actual 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Actual 17 21 85 39 53 32 31 38 92 63 103 188 Agr’mt Agr’mt (continued) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 17 21 85 39 53 32 31 38 92 63 2003-04 103 188 Actual South Australian South Research Australian and Institute Development (SARDI) Salaries Other Total Other Total Other Total The of University Melbourne Salaries Other Total of University New England Salaries Other Total of University South Australia Salaries Other Total Sunwater Salaries SA Department of Water, Land and SA Conservation Department Biodiversity of Water, Salaries In-kind contributions (dollars in $’000) CORE PARTICIPANTS Capital Capital Capital Capital Capital Capital

[59] 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2,626 Diff 2,626 2,626 2,626 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 495 628 1,968 2,617 1,350 1,861 3,291 5,110 4,585 3,211 8,401 1,123 Agr’mt 19,135 25,954 45,089 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Totals for 7 Totals years 495 628 1,968 5,243 1,350 1,861 3,291 5,110 7,211 3,211 8,401 1,123 19,135 28,580 47,715 Projected 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -4 -3 -92 -97 495 403 -130 -112 -123 -242 -597 -182 -779 -220 Diff 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 562 748 385 531 940 140 178 916 318 1,460 1,310 2,400 5,348 7,261 Agr’mt 12,609 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 43 55 Totals to Totals 2004-05 98 470 255 419 941 674 1,243 1,456 1,713 2,397 4,751 7,079 Actual 11,830 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 71 90 281 373 193 266 470 730 654 459 161 1,200 2,757 3,740 6,497 Agr’mt 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 71 90 2009-10 281 800 193 266 470 730 459 161 1,081 1,200 2,757 4,167 6,924 Projected 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 71 90 282 374 193 266 471 730 656 459 161 1,201 2,758 3,739 6,497 Agr’m Agr’m 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 71 90 2008-09 282 800 193 266 471 730 459 161 1,082 1,201 2,758 4,165 6,923 Projected 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 71 90 281 374 193 266 470 730 655 459 161 1,200 2,757 3,739 6,496 Agr’mt 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 71 90 2007-08 Projected 281 800 193 266 470 730 459 161 1,081 1,200 2,757 4,165 6,922 Projected 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 71 90 281 374 193 266 470 730 655 459 161 1,200 2,757 3,738 6,495 Agr’mt 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 71 90 2006-07 281 800 193 266 470 730 459 161 1,081 1,200 2,757 4,164 6,921 Projected 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 71 90 281 374 193 266 470 730 655 459 161 1,200 2,758 3,737 6,495 Agr’mt 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2005-06 373 800 323 378 469 734 168 213 701 381 1,173 1,203 3,355 4,840 8,195 Projected 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 246 329 352 486 475 739 140 178 575 838 318 1,214 3,088 4,222 7,310 Agr’mt 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 43 55 98 2004-05 154 824 222 374 476 735 978 596 1,211 2,491 4,040 6,531 Actual 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Actual 33 45 78 316 419 465 721 735 1,186 2,260 3,039 5,299 Agr’mt Agr’mt (continued) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 33 45 78 2003-04 316 419 465 721 735 1,186 2,260 3,039 5,299 Actual Total Other Other Total VIC Department of Primary Industries Salaries Other Total Other Total Irrigation Association of Ltd Australia Salaries Other Total University of Western Sydney of University Western Salaries Total SUPPORTING PARTICIPANTS Bureau of Sugar Experiment Stations Salaries University of University Southern Queensland Salaries In-kind contributions (dollars in $’000) CORE PARTICIPANTS Capital Capital Capital in-kind Total from core participants Salaries Capital Other Capital Capital

[60] Cooperative Research Centre for IRRIGATION FUTURES 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2,626 Diff 2,626 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 374 700 869 1,328 1,074 2,197 20,004 27,282 Agr’mt 47,286 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Totals for 7 Totals years 374 700 869 1,328 1,074 2,197 20,004 29,908 49,912 Projected 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -86 -164 -183 -287 -780 -469 -250 -470 Diff -1,249 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 106 200 246 378 306 624 5,594 7,639 Agr’mt 13,233 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 20 36 63 91 Totals to Totals 2004-05 56 154 4,814 7,170 Actual 11,984 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 54 100 125 190 154 315 2,882 3,930 6,812 Agr’mt 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 54 2009-10 100 125 190 154 315 2,882 4,357 7,239 Projected 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 54 100 125 190 154 315 2,883 3,929 6,812 Agr’m Agr’m 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 54 2008-09 100 125 190 154 315 2,883 4,355 7,238 Projected 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 54 100 125 190 154 315 2,882 3,929 6,811 Agr’mt 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 54 2007-08 Projected 100 125 190 154 315 2,882 4,355 7,237 Projected 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 53 100 124 190 153 314 2,881 3,928 6,809 Agr’mt 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 53 2006-07 100 124 190 153 314 2,881 4,354 7,235 Projected 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 53 100 124 190 153 314 2,882 3,927 6,809 Agr’mt 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2005-06 139 264 307 477 403 784 3,662 5,317 8,979 Projected 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 106 200 246 378 306 624 3,334 4,600 7,934 Agr’mt 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 20 36 63 91 56 2004-05 154 2,554 4,131 6,685 Actual 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Actual (continued) 2,260 3,039 5,299 Agr’mt Agr’mt 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2003-04 2,260 3,039 5,299 Actual

Grand Grand Other Total Murrumbidgee Irrigation Ltd Salaries Other Total The of University Queensland Salaries Other Total in-kind Total from supporting participants Salaries Other Total Other in-kind non-participants Salaries Other Total in-kind Total contributions Salaries Other In-kind contributions (dollars in $’000) SUPPORTING PARTICIPANTS Capital Capital Capital Capital Capital Capital total in-kind Murray Murray Irrigation Ltd Salaries

[61] 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 -25 -89 134 -172 -199 -172 Diff 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 90 26 350 700 200 700 700 210 413 350 175 350 1,750 1,000 1,503 2,046 6,373 1,768 2,422 Agr’mt 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 Totals for 7 Totals years 90 350 700 200 700 700 210 413 350 175 325 160 1,750 1,000 1,331 1,847 6,373 1,596 2,333 Projected 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 -38 -25 -38 -89 134 -172 -199 -172 Diff 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 60 38 25 26 100 500 200 200 200 200 100 253 362 253 413 1,000 2,598 Agr’mt 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 60 81 Totals to Totals 2004-05 81 100 500 200 200 200 200 100 163 160 324 1,000 2,560 Actual 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 50 30 75 50 35 18 250 100 100 100 250 200 755 303 200 Agr’mt 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 50 30 75 50 35 18 2009-10 250 100 100 100 250 200 755 303 200 Projected 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 50 30 75 50 35 18 250 100 100 100 250 500 100 755 303 600 Agr’m Agr’m 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 50 30 75 50 35 18 2008-09 250 100 100 100 250 500 100 755 303 600 Projected 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 50 30 75 50 35 18 250 100 100 100 250 500 100 755 303 600 Agr’mt 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 50 30 75 50 35 18 2007-08 Projected 250 100 100 100 250 500 100 755 303 600 Projected 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 50 30 75 50 35 18 75 250 100 100 100 250 250 755 303 325 Agr’mt 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Financial Information – 2 Table 50 30 75 50 35 18 75 2006-07 250 100 100 100 250 250 755 303 325 Projected 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 50 30 75 50 35 18 50 250 100 100 100 250 234 755 303 284 Agr’mt 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 50 30 50 35 18 50 2005-06 250 100 100 100 113 250 234 793 303 284 Projected 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 50 30 38 50 25 250 500 100 100 100 250 207 250 232 1,218 Agr’mt 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 8 0 0 0 50 30 50 78 78 2004-05 250 500 100 100 100 134 143 1,180 Actual 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 Actual 50 30 50 26 250 500 100 200 100 100 155 181 1,380 Agr’mt Agr’mt 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 50 30 50 26 2003-04 250 500 100 200 100 100 155 181 1,380 Actual * Goulburn-Murray * Rural Goulburn-Murray Water Land and Australia Water NSW DPI * Qld NR&M SA DWLBC * SARDI * SunWater The University of Melbourne University of New England University of South Australia University of Southern Queensland University of Sydney Western VIC DPI cash Total from core participants Ltd Irrigation Murrumbidgee The University of Queensland cash Total from supporting External grants research Contract Education other Total cash Murray Irrigation Ltd Irrigation Murray Commercialisation Interest New New from starting existing cash OTHER OTHER CASH Non-participants Cash contributions (dollars in $’000) CORE PARTICIPANTS Charles Sturt University CSIRO * Organisations making cash contributions in the 2004 and 2005 financial years to the CRCIF through Land and Australia Water SUPPORTING PARTICIPANTS BSES IAA participants

[62] Cooperative Research Centre for IRRIGATION FUTURES 0 120 -261 -261 -261 Diff 5,646 -6,027 74 16,000 26,563 26,563 15,518 10,971 26,563 Agr’mt Totals for 7 Totals years 194 9,491 16,000 26,302 26,302 16,617 26,302 Projected 0 0 -299 -787 2,703 Diff -3,002 -2,215 -3,002 74 3,386 6,650 6,650 3,343 3,233 6,650 Agr’mt Totals to Totals 2004-05 74 2,703 3,386 6,351 3,648 1,128 2,446 3,648 Actual 0 1,568 2,826 2,826 1,637 1,189 2,826 Agr’mt 0 0 0 2009-10 1,568 2,826 2,826 1,290 1,536 2,826 Projected 0 2,574 4,232 4,232 2,526 1,706 4,232 Agr’m Agr’m 0 0 0 2008-09 2,574 4,232 4,232 1,704 2,528 4,232 Projected 0 2,696 4,354 4,354 2,762 1,592 4,354 Agr’mt 0 0 60 2007-08 Projected 2,696 4,354 4,354 1,326 2,968 4,354 Projected 0 3,162 4,545 4,545 2,761 1,784 4,545 Agr’mt 0 2006-07 1,573 3,162 4,545 6,118 2,304 3,814 6,118 Projected 0 2,614 3,956 3,956 2,489 1,467 3,956 Agr’mt 60 2005-06 2,703 1,573 2,614 3,994 5,124 1,739 3,325 5,124 Projected 0 2,407 4,107 4,107 3,157 2,895 6,052 Agr’mt 0 2004-05 942 1,945 2,703 2,407 3,808 3,050 2,108 3,050 Actual Actual 74 979 186 338 598 2,543 2,543 Agr’mt Agr’mt 74 2003-04 979 598 186 338 598 1,945 2,543 Actual Total GRAND TOTALS CRC Total cash contribution Total cash Total expenditure (less) Unspent (less) balance (UB) Unspent Cash carried over from previous year (UB for year) previous OF ALLOCATION CASH EXPENDITURE BETWEEN HEADS OF EXPENDITURE Cash contributions (dollars in $’000) CRC GRANT grant Total Salaries Capital Other

[63] 120 -261 Diff 2,626 8,272 2,365 2,365 -6,027 74 47,286 26,563 35,522 38,253 Agr’mt 73,849 73,849 Totals for 7 Totals years 194 49,912 26,302 29,495 46,525 76,214 76,214 Projected 0 Diff -1,249 -3,002 -2,995 -1,256 -4,251 -4,251 74 6,650 8,937 13,233 10,872 Agr’mt 19,883 19,883 74 Totals to Totals 2004-05 3,648 5,942 9,616 11,984 Actual 15,632 15,632 0 6,812 2,826 4,519 5,119 9,638 9,638 Agr’mt 0 2009-10 7,239 2,826 4,172 5,893 10,065 10,065 Projected 0 6,812 4,232 5,409 5,635 Agr’m Agr’m 11,044 11,044 0 2008-09 7,238 4,232 4,587 6,883 11,470 11,470 Projected 0 6,811 4,354 5,644 5,521 Agr’mt 11,165 11,165 60 2007-08 Projected 7,237 4,354 4,208 7,323 11,591 11,591 Projected 0 6,809 4,545 5,642 5,712 Agr’mt 11,354 11,354 Financial Information – 3 Table 0 2006-07 7,235 6,118 5,185 8,168 13,353 13,353 Projected 0 6,809 3,956 5,371 5,394 Agr’mt 10,765 10,765 60 2005-06 8,979 5,124 5,401 8,642 14,103 14,103 Projected 0 7,934 4,107 6,491 7,495 Agr’mt 12,041 13,986 0 2004-05 6,685 3,050 3,496 6,239 9,735 9,735 Actual Actual 74 5,299 2,543 2,446 3,377 7,842 5,897 Agr’mt Agr’mt 74 2003-04 598 5,299 2,446 3,377 5,897 5,897 Actual

Resources Resources (dollars in $’000) (cash and in-kind) SUMMARY SUMMARY OF RESOURCES APPLIED TO OF ACTIVITIES CENTRE total Grand (in-kind) 1 from Table (cash and in-kind) (cash expenditure) (cash expenditure) (cash and in-kind) from Table 2 from Table Total other Total Total capital Total ALLOCATION OF TOTAL RESOURCES APPLIED OF ALLOCATION TO TOTAL OF ACTIVITIES CRC BETWEEN HEADS OF EXPENDITURE salaries Total Grand total Grand Total Total resources applied resources Total to activities of centre

[64] Cooperative Research Centre for IRRIGATION FUTURES Financial Information - Table 4

Allocation of resources between categories of activity for the 2004-05 financial year (dollars in $’000) Resource usage Programme Cash ($’000) Contributed staff (FTE) Cash funded staff (FTE) In-kind ($’000) [1] [2] [2] Research 2,105 5,453 22.8 0.7 Education 199 347 1.2 0.5 External communications 29 0.5 Commercialisation/Tech. transfer 1 Administration 716 885 1.7 3.5 Total 3,050 6,685 25.7 5.2 [1] Cash from all sources, including CRC programme [2] Full time equivalent staff, excluding students

Financial tables: Comments

TABLE 1 Inkind contributions from Core Participants for the first two years of the CRC account for 94% of the Commonwealth Agreement value. Percentage contributions vary across participants and all participants are to be notified of their surplus / shortfall. The Grand Total for in-kind for the first two years of the CRC is 91% of the Commonwealth Agreement value. TABLE 2 The shortfalls in revenue from Core Participants and Other Cash for the first two years are largely attributable to timing issues. The shortfall in cash expenditure over this period is a significant $3.0 million. The Governing Board wishes to provide a clear statement that this shortfall is a planned outcome of reviewing our research plan and placing heavy emphasis on the delivery of research over the final four years of the CRC’s life. TABLE 3 The shortfall in cash and in-kind expenditure over the first two years of the CRC’s life is $4,251,000. This shortfall is a planned outcome in line with the aim to ramp up for the major research activities of Research Plan Mark Two (RP2). It also maintains a healthy ratio between Salaries and Other Costs of 62:38. The CRC’s research program is specifically crafted around this expenditure profile. TABLE 4 Only a small amount of cash has been spent on External Communications and Commercialisation/ Technology Transfer in the 2004-05 financial year. Expenditure on these activities will increase as the CRC puts the Communication and Marketing Strategy into practice and embarks on the Commercialisation phase as described in the Commercialisation & Utilisation Plan.

[65] Auditor's report

Auditors Report to the Cooperative Research Centres Program, Department of Education, Science & Training Representing the Commonwealth in respect of Cooperative Research Centre for Irrigation Futures Financial information for the year ended 30 June 2005

SCOPE

We have audited the financial information of the Cooperative Research Centre for Irrigation Futures as set out in Tables 1, 2 and 3 of the Annual Report (being the tables showing in-kind and cash contributions for each party to the CRC, and cash expenditure) for the year ended 30 June 2005. The parties to the Cooperative Research Centre are responsible for the preparation and presentation of the financial information. We have conducted an independent audit of the financial information in order to express an opinion on it to the parties to the Cooperative Research Centre for Irrigation Futures. The financial information has been prepared for the parties to the Cooperative Research Centre for Irrigation Futures for the purposes of fulfilling their annual reporting obligations under clause 14 (1) (f) of the Commonwealth Agreement and for distribution to the Cooperative Research Centres Program, Department of Education, Science & Training, representing the Commonwealth of Australia. We disclaim any assumption of responsibility for any reliance on this report or on the financial information to which it relates to any person other than those mentioned above, or for any purpose other than that for which it was prepared. Our audit has been conducted in accordance with Australian Auditing Standards to provide reasonable assurance as to whether the financial information is free of material misstatement. Our procedures included examination, on a test basis, of evidence supporting the amounts and other disclosures in the financial information, and the evaluation of accounting policies and significant accounting estimates. These procedures have been undertaken to form an opinion as to whether in all material respects, the financial information is presented fairly in accordance with Australian accounting concepts and standards and requirements of the Commonwealth Agreement in terms of Clauses 4 (Contributions), 5 (1), 5 (2), 5 (3) (Application of the Grant and Contributions), 9 (1), 9 (5) (Intellectual Property) and 12 (2) (Financial Provisions), so as to present a view of the sources of funding and the application of funding of the Cooperative Research Centre for Irrigation Futures and the application of which is consistent with our understanding of its financial activities during the year and its financial position. While we have not performed any audit procedures upon the estimates for the next period and do not express any opinion thereon, we ascertained that they have been formally approved by the Board of Management of the Cooperative Research Centre for Irrigation Futures as required under the Joint Venture Agreement. The audit opinion expressed in this report has been formed on the above basis. AUDIT OPINION

In our opinion: 1. The financial statement presents fairly the sources of funding, the application of that funding and the financial position of the Centre for the year ended 30 June 2005, in accordance with Australian Accounting Concepts and Applicable Australian Accounting Standards and the provisions of the Commonwealth Agreement. 2. Contributions, both cash and in-kind are made and recorded in accordance with the budget specified in the Commonwealth Agreement and the total value of all Contributions for the year under report equalled or exceeded the amount of grant paid during the year (not including advances) except as detailed below:

[66] Cooperative Research Centre for IRRIGATION FUTURES Committed in Budget Actual Partner $’000 $’000 IN-KIND CONTRIBUTIONS CORE PARTNERS Charles Sturt University 778 291 CSIRO 1,807 1,586 Qld Dept Natural Resources, Mines & Energy 631 347 SA Research & Development Institute (SARDI) 285 280 University of Melbourne 380 195 University of South Australia 471 362 University of Western Sydney 838 596 Victorian Department of Primary Industries 1,214 1,211 SUPPORTING PARTNERS Bureau of Sugar Experiment Stations 318 98 University of Queensland 306 56 University of New England 121 107 CASH CONTRIBUTIONS CORE PARTNERS University of New England 38 0 SUPPORTING PARTNERS Irrigation Association of Australia Ltd 250 78

The multipliers adopted by the CRC to value in-kind contributions have a sound and reasonable basis. 3. The application of Commonwealth Funding and Contributions was for the activities of the CRC as specified in Schedule 1 of the Commonwealth Agreement. 4. The CRC has met its obligations in relation to the treatment of Heads of Expenditure except as follows where allocations of the budgetary resources between Heads of Expenditure has been higher or lower than the allocation in the budget by $100,000 or 20% (which ever is the greater amount) without prior approval by the Commonwealth.

Heads of Committed in Budget Actual Variance Variance Expenditure $’000 $’000 $’000 % Salaries 6,491 3,496 2,995 46.1%

Capital Items acquired from the Grant and Researcher’s Contributions are vested as provided in the Joint Venture Agreement. 6. The CRC has met its obligations in relation to the treatment of Intellectual Property. A statement signed by the Director, to the effect that Intellectual Property in all Contract Material is vested as provided in the Joint Venture Agreement and no Intellectual Property has been assigned or licensed without the prior approval of the Commonwealth has been sighted. 7. In accounting for Commonwealth Funding and Contributions the CRC has exercised proper accounting standards and controls, as required under Clause 9. 8. Cash contributions are paid into and expended from the centre account maintained by the University of Southern Queensland as required by Clause 12.

PKF JD Keating Brisbane Partnership Partner Chartered Accountants

Dated at Brisbane this 22nd day of September, 2005.

[67] Cooperative Research Centre for IRRIGATION FUTURES

PO Box 56, Darling Heights Qld 4350 Ph: 07 4631 2046 | Fax: 07 4631 1870 Email: [email protected] www.irrigationfutures.org.au Internal pages printed on Envirocare 100% recycled paper recycled Envirocare100% on printedInternalpages

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[68] Cooperative Research Centre for IRRIGATION FUTURES better irrigation • better environment • better future

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