DOCSLIB.ORG

Georgia's Forests, 2014

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Georgia's Forests, 2014 United States Department of Agriculture Georgia's Forests, 2014 Thomas J. Brandeis, Joseph M. McCollum, Andrew J. Hartsell, Consuelo Brandeis, Anita K. Rose, Sonja N. Oswalt, James T. Vogt, and Humfredo Marcano Vega Forest Service Southern Research Station Resource Bulletin SRS–209 About the Authors Thomas J. Brandeis is a Research Forester with the U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service, Southern Research Station, Forest Inventory and Analysis Research Work Unit, Knoxville, TN 37919. Joseph M. McCollum is an Information Technology Specialist with the U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service, Southern Research Station, Forest Inventory and Analysis Research Work Unit, Knoxville, TN 37919. Andrew J. Hartsell is a Research Forester with the U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service, Southern Research Station, Forest Inventory and Analysis Research Work Unit, Knoxville, TN 37919. Consuelo Brandeis is a Research Forester with the U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service, Southern Research Station, Forest Inventory and Analysis Research Work Unit, Knoxville, TN 37919. Anita K. Rose is a Research Ecologist with the U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service, Southern Research Station, Forest Inventory and Analysis Research Work Unit, Knoxville, TN 37919. Sonja N. Oswalt is a Forester with the U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service, Southern Research Station, Forest Inventory and Analysis Research Work Unit, Knoxville, TN 37919. James T. Vogt is a Deputy Program Manager with the U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service, Southern Research Station, Forest Inventory and Analysis Research Work Unit, Knoxville, TN 37919. Humfredo Marcano Vega is a Research Biologist with the U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service, Southern Research Station, Forest Inventory and Analysis Research Work Unit, Rio Piedras, Puerto Rico, 00926. Front cover: top left, bald eagles (Haliaeetus leucocephalus) require large trees near water for nesting. (photo courtesy of the Georgia Forestry Commission); top right, mountain laurel (Kalmia latifolia) in Georgia’s forests. (photo by James Gray, U.S. Forest Service); bottom, southern live oaks (Quercus virginiana) in the Cumberland Island National Seashore. (photo by Thomas Brandeis, U.S. Forest Service). Back cover: top left, managed pine forest in Georgia. (photo courtesy of the Georgia Forestry Commission); top right, bald eagles (Haliaeetus leucocephalus) require large trees near water for nesting. (photo courtesy of the Georgia Forestry Commission); bottom, wild turkeys (Meleagris gallopavo) thrive and provide recreational opportunities in Georgia’s forests. (photo courtesy of the Georgia Forestry Commission). www.srs.fs.usda.gov Georgia's Forests, 2014 Thomas J. Brandeis, Joseph M. McCollum, Andrew J. Hartsell, Consuelo Brandeis, Anita K. Rose, Sonja N. Oswalt, James T. Vogt, and Humfredo Marcano Vega Spanish moss (Tillandsia usneoides) in a southern live oak (Quercus virginiana) in the Cumberland Island National Seashore. (photo by Thomas Brandeis, U.S. Forest Service) About Forest Inventory and Analysis Inventory Reports FOREWORD Program—National Sampling Design and Estimation Procedures” (Bechtold and The Forest Service, U.S. Department of Patterson 2005). Agriculture, Southern Research Station’s (SRS) Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) Data tables included in FIA reports are research work unit and cooperating State designed to provide an array of forest forestry agencies conduct annual forest resource estimates, but additional tables can inventories of resources in the 13 Southern be obtained at http://fia.fs.fed.us/tools-data/ States (Alabama, Arkansas, Florida, Georgia, default.asp. Additional information about Kentucky, Louisiana, Mississippi, North the FIA Program can be obtained at http:// Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, fia.fs.fed.us/. Tennessee, Texas, and Virginia), the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, and the Additional information about any aspect of U.S. Virgin Islands. In order to provide this or other FIA surveys may be obtained more frequent and nationally consistent from: information on America’s forest resources, all research stations and their respective FIA U.S. Department of Agriculture work units conduct annual surveys with a Forest Service common sample design. These surveys are Southern Research Station mandated by law through the Agricultural Forest Inventory and Analysis Research Extension and Education Reform Research Work Unit Act of 1998 (Farm Bill). 4700 Old Kingston Pike Knoxville, TN 37919 The primary objective in conducting these Telephone: 865-862-2000 inventories is to gather the multiresource William G. Burkman information needed to formulate sound Program Manager forest policies, provide information for economic development, develop forest programs, and provide a scientific basis ACKNOWLEDGMENTS to monitor forest ecosystems. These data The SRS gratefully acknowledges the are used to provide an overview of forest Georgia Forestry Commission for their resources that may include, but is not cooperation and input during this limited to, forest area, forest ownership, survey. FIA field personnel, Information forest type, stand structure, timber volume, Management, and Technical Publications growth, removals, mortality, management staff are all due thanks for their dedication, activity, down woody material, carbon hard work, and assistance. We also storage and sequestration, and invasive appreciate the cooperation of other public species. The information presented is agencies and private landowners for applicable at the State and survey unit level; providing access to measurement plots. although it provides the background for In particular, I would like to thank Vince more intensive studies of critical situations, Few, Greg Smith, and Jim Gray of the SRS it is not designed to reflect resource FIA Quality Assurance/Quality Control conditions at small scales. staff; Dan Chappell, Chad Northcutt, Mark Freeman, Chris Dowdy, Nathan More information about Forest Service Wheat, Luke Montgomery, Brian Allen, resource inventories is available in “Forest Morgan Cook, Tim Karchner, Keith Moss, Resource Inventories: An Overview” (U.S. Chad Sutton, Zachary Ledbetter, Chris Department of Agriculture Forest Service Howell, Ryan Adamczak and David 1992). More detailed information about Dickinson of the Georgia Forestry sampling methodologies used in the annual Commission; and David Dickinson and FIA inventories can be found in “The Dru Preston for reviewing this manuscript. Enhanced Forest Inventory and Analysis ii Contents Page Foreword ....................................................................................................................... ii Acknowledgments ........................................................................................................ ii List of Figures ............................................................................................................... iv List of Text Tables ......................................................................................................... vi List of Appendix Tables ................................................................................................ vii Highlights ..................................................................................................................... ix Introduction .................................................................................................................. 1 Area ............................................................................................................................... 2 Forest Land Area and Nonforest Land Uses ................................................................. 2 Forest Ownership, Forest Types, and Stand Origins ..................................................... 4 Forest and Land Use by Survey Unit ............................................................................ 6 Land Use Change ........................................................................................................ 10 Age Class Distribution .................................................................................................. 10 Number of Trees, Volume, and Biomass...................................................................... 13 Growth, Removals, and Mortality ................................................................................ 16 Treated Acres ............................................................................................................... 17 Volume, Growth, and Removals of the Planted Pine Resource ...................................... 18 Disturbance and Forest Health Indicators ................................................................... 21 Disturbance ................................................................................................................. 21 Carbon ........................................................................................................................ 21 Species of Concern ...................................................................................................... 24 Nonnative Invasive Plants ............................................................................................ 26 Literature Cited ............................................................................................................. 29 Glossary ......................................................................................................................... 31 Appendix A—Inventory
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Central Appalachian Broadleaf Forest Coniferous Forest Meadow Province
    Selecting Plants for Pollinators A Regional Guide for Farmers, Land Managers, and Gardeners In the Central Appalachian Broadleaf Forest Coniferous Forest Meadow Province Including the states of: Maryland, Pennsylvania, Virginia, West Virginia And parts of: Georgia, Kentucky, and North Carolina, NAPPC South Carolina, Tennessee Table of CONTENTS Why Support Pollinators? 4 Getting Started 5 Central Appalachian Broadleaf Forest 6 Meet the Pollinators 8 Plant Traits 10 Developing Plantings 12 Far ms 13 Public Lands 14 Home Landscapes 15 Bloom Periods 16 Plants That Attract Pollinators 18 Habitat Hints 20 This is one of several guides for Check list 22 different regions in the United States. We welcome your feedback to assist us in making the future Resources and Feedback 23 guides useful. Please contact us at [email protected] Cover: silver spotted skipper courtesy www.dangphoto.net 2 Selecting Plants for Pollinators Selecting Plants for Pollinators A Regional Guide for Farmers, Land Managers, and Gardeners In the Ecological Region of the Central Appalachian Broadleaf Forest Coniferous Forest Meadow Province Including the states of: Maryland, Pennsylvania, Virginia, West Virginia And parts of: Georgia, Kentucky, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee a nappc and Pollinator Partnership™ Publication This guide was funded by the National Fish and Wildlife Foundation, the C.S. Fund, the Plant Conservation Alliance, the U.S. Forest Service, and the Bureau of Land Management with oversight by the Pollinator Partnership™ (www.pollinator.org), in support of the North American Pollinator Protection Campaign (NAPPC–www.nappc.org). Central Appalachian Broadleaf Forest – Coniferous Forest – Meadow Province 3 Why support pollinators? In theIr 1996 book, the Forgotten PollInators, Buchmann and Nabhan estimated that animal pollinators are needed for the reproduction “ Farming feeds of 90% of flowering plants and one third of human food crops.
    [Show full text]
  • Poisonous Plants of the Southern United States
    Poisonous Plants of the Southern United States Poisonous Plants of the Southern United States Common Name Genus and Species Page atamasco lily Zephyranthes atamasco 21 bitter sneezeweed Helenium amarum 20 black cherry Prunus serotina 6 black locust Robinia pseudoacacia 14 black nightshade Solanum nigrum 16 bladderpod Glottidium vesicarium 11 bracken fern Pteridium aquilinum 5 buttercup Ranunculus abortivus 9 castor bean Ricinus communis 17 cherry laurel Prunus caroliniana 6 chinaberry Melia azederach 14 choke cherry Prunus virginiana 6 coffee senna Cassia occidentalis 12 common buttonbush Cephalanthus occidentalis 25 common cocklebur Xanthium pensylvanicum 15 common sneezeweed Helenium autumnale 19 common yarrow Achillea millefolium 23 eastern baccharis Baccharis halimifolia 18 fetterbush Leucothoe axillaris 24 fetterbush Leucothoe racemosa 24 fetterbush Leucothoe recurva 24 great laurel Rhododendron maxima 9 hairy vetch Vicia villosa 27 hemp dogbane Apocynum cannabinum 23 horsenettle Solanum carolinense 15 jimsonweed Datura stramonium 8 johnsongrass Sorghum halepense 7 lantana Lantana camara 10 maleberry Lyonia ligustrina 24 Mexican pricklepoppy Argemone mexicana 27 milkweed Asclepias tuberosa 22 mountain laurel Kalmia latifolia 6 mustard Brassica sp . 25 oleander Nerium oleander 10 perilla mint Perilla frutescens 28 poison hemlock Conium maculatum 17 poison ivy Rhus radicans 20 poison oak Rhus toxicodendron 20 poison sumac Rhus vernix 21 pokeberry Phytolacca americana 8 rattlebox Daubentonia punicea 11 red buckeye Aesculus pavia 16 redroot pigweed Amaranthus retroflexus 18 rosebay Rhododendron calawbiense 9 sesbania Sesbania exaltata 12 scotch broom Cytisus scoparius 13 sheep laurel Kalmia angustifolia 6 showy crotalaria Crotalaria spectabilis 5 sicklepod Cassia obtusifolia 12 spotted water hemlock Cicuta maculata 17 St. John's wort Hypericum perforatum 26 stagger grass Amianthum muscaetoxicum 22 sweet clover Melilotus sp .
    [Show full text]
  • Native Plants for Conservation, Restoration & Landscaping
    ABOUT THE NATIVE PLANTS FOR CONSERVATION, WHAT ARE NATIVES? For more information, refer to field guides and publications RESTORATION AND LANDSCAPING PROJECT Native species evolved within specific regions and dispersed on local natural history for color, shape, height, bloom times This project is a collaboration between the Virginia Depart- throughout their range without known human involvement. and specific wildlife value of the plants that grow in your ment of Conservation and Recreation and the Virginia Native They form the primary component of the living landscape region. Visit a nearby park, natural area preserve, forest or Plant Society. VNPS chapters across the state helped to fund and provide food and shelter for wildlife management area to learn about common plant the 2011 update to this brochure. native animal species. Native associations, spatial groupings and habitat conditions. For The following partners have provided valuable assistance plants co-evolved with specific recommendations and advice about project design, throughout the life of this project: native animals over many consult a landscape or garden design specialist with thousands to millions of experience in native plants. The฀Nature฀Conservancy฀–฀Virginia฀Chapter฀•฀Virginia฀ years and have formed Tech฀Department฀of฀Horticulture฀•฀Virginia฀Department฀of฀ complex and interdependent WHAT ARE NON-NATIVE PLANTS? Agriculture฀and฀Consumer฀Services฀•฀Virginia฀Department฀ relationships. Our native Sometimes referred to as “exotic,” “alien,” or “non- of Environmental Quality, Coastal Zone Management fauna depend on native indigenous,” non-native plants are species introduced, Program฀•฀Virginia฀Department฀of฀Forestry฀•฀Virginia฀ flora to provide food and Department฀of฀Game฀and฀Inland฀Fisheries฀•฀Virginia฀ Native intentionally or accidentally, into a new region by cover.
    [Show full text]
  • Reference Guide
    Reference Guide The Nursery Rhodos in bloom 04/10/10 Mom and Dad WinterberryWinter 2010 circa 2006 ‘m oonbeam’ Summer 2010 Twist-N-Shoutfall 2010 Dedication The Spring of 2011 will bring change to the front office of Four Seasons Nursery and Landscape Company. After 22 year of service, Charlyn Mair, a.k.a. Charlie, will be retiring for greener pastures. She and her husband Greg will be moving to Alabama to be closer to her daughter and granddaughter. Charlie was hired back in 1988 and saved from a life of slingin hash, which we kid her about to this day. Although she was green as a fresh cut tree, Charlie somehow, someway adapted to the conditions of working in a male dominated company. She became tough as nails while still maintaining her character and charm. Charlie has become so intertwined with the inner workings of Four Seasons Nursery that it’s hard to imagine her not being here. How do you replace an employee that you can not only entrust your business, but entrust your own kids to? The executives won’t admit it, but replacing Charlie is a task they never wanted to be faced with. A dedication of neither a book nor all the accolades in the world can express the appreciation Four Seasons Nursery has for Charlie. She will be dearly missed, but thankfully only a phone call away. From the bottom of our hearts, we thank you for your dedication, honesty, sense of humor, and most importantly for being you. We love you like a sister, an aunt and a mother and wish you the best of luck in your new endeavors.
    [Show full text]
  • Effect of Backfill Composition on Post-Transplant Root Growth of Kalmia Latifolia L
    Effect of Backfill Composition on Post-Transplant Root Growth of Kalmia latifolia L. 1 2 3 4 Amy N. Wright , Robert D. Wright , Brian E. Jackson , and Jake F. Browder Depar1ment of Horticulture Auburn University Auburn, AL 36849 ~--------------------------------Abstract---------------------------------, Post-transplant root growth is critical for landscape plant establishment. The Horhizotron™ provides a way to easily measure root growth in a wide range of rhizosphere conditions. Mountain laurel (Kalmia latifolia L.) plants were removed from their containers and planted in Horhizotrons in a greenhouse in Auburn, AL, and outdoors in Blacksburg, VA. Each Horhizotron contained four glass quadrants extending away from the root ball, and each quadrant within a Horhizotron was filled with a different substrate (treatment): 1) 100% pine bark (Pinus taeda L., PB), 2) 100% soil, 3) a mixture of 50:50 (by vol) PB:soil, or 4) 100% soil along the bottom of the quadrant to a depth of 10 em (4 in) and 100% PB layered 10 em (4 in) deep on top of the soil. Root growth along the glass panes of each quadrant was measured bi-weekly in Auburn and weekly in Blacksburg. In both locations, roots were longer in all treatments containing pine bark than in 100% soil. When pine bark was layered on top of soil, roots grew into the pine bark but did not grow into the soil. Results suggest that amending soil backfill with pine bark can increase post-transplant root growth of container-grown mountain laurel. Index words: landscape, Horhizotron™, ornamental, container-grown, mountain laurel, plant establishment, woody, native.
    [Show full text]
  • Colonial Garden Plants
    COLONIAL GARD~J~ PLANTS I Flowers Before 1700 The following plants are listed according to the names most commonly used during the colonial period. The botanical name follows for accurate identification. The common name was listed first because many of the people using these lists will have access to or be familiar with that name rather than the botanical name. The botanical names are according to Bailey’s Hortus Second and The Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture (3, 4). They are not the botanical names used during the colonial period for many of them have changed drastically. We have been very cautious concerning the interpretation of names to see that accuracy is maintained. By using several references spanning almost two hundred years (1, 3, 32, 35) we were able to interpret accurately the names of certain plants. For example, in the earliest works (32, 35), Lark’s Heel is used for Larkspur, also Delphinium. Then in later works the name Larkspur appears with the former in parenthesis. Similarly, the name "Emanies" appears frequently in the earliest books. Finally, one of them (35) lists the name Anemones as a synonym. Some of the names are amusing: "Issop" for Hyssop, "Pum- pions" for Pumpkins, "Mushmillions" for Muskmellons, "Isquou- terquashes" for Squashes, "Cowslips" for Primroses, "Daffadown dillies" for Daffodils. Other names are confusing. Bachelors Button was the name used for Gomphrena globosa, not for Centaurea cyanis as we use it today. Similarly, in the earliest literature, "Marygold" was used for Calendula. Later we begin to see "Pot Marygold" and "Calen- dula" for Calendula, and "Marygold" is reserved for Marigolds.
    [Show full text]
  • Kalmia Latifolia Family: Ericaceae Mountain Laurel
    Kalmia latifolia Family: Ericaceae Mountain Laurel The genus Kalmia contains about 7 species native to North America. Mountain Laurel is the only species that attains tree size, the other six are shrubs. The genus Kalmia was dedicated by Linnaeus to his student Peter Kalm (1716-1779), Swedish botanist who traveled and collected in Canada and eastern United States. Kalmia latifolia-American Briar, American Laurel, Big Leaved Ivy, Burl Laurel, Calico Bush, Calico-flower, Calico-tree, Ivy, Ivy Bush, Ivy Leaf Laurel, Ivywood, Kalmia, Lambkill, Laurel, Laurelwood, Mountain, Mountain Ivy, Pale Laurel, Poison Ivy, Poison Laurel, Root Laurel, Sheep Laurel, Small Laurel, Spoonwood, Wicky Distribution Southeast Maine west to New York, Ohio and southern Indiana south to western Tennessee, eastern Mississippi and southeast Louisiana east to northern Florida and Georgia. The Tree Mountain Laurel is a large shrub, occasionally reaching tree size (reaching 40 feet tall & 2 feet in diameter) in the eastern US. The leaves, buds, flowers and fruits are poisonous to humans and cattle, but not to indigenous wildlife such as deer. It has leathery, evergreen leaves and very showy flower clusters, making it a favorite plant for ornamental purposes. It prefers acid soils from lowlands to 4,000 feet elevations. It grows in association with oaks, tulip poplar, beech, sugar maple, white pine and sourwood. The Wood General The wood of Mountain Laurel is heavy, hard, strong but rather brittle, with a close, straight grain. It has a light yellow sapwood and a yellow brown heartwood, spotted with red. Mechanical Propertiesa,b (2-inch standard) Compression Specific MOE MOR Parallel Perpendicular WMLa Hardness Shear gravity GPa MPa MPa MPa kJ/m3 N MPa Green 0.62 6.34 57.9 29.7 7.65 86 5,782 11.51 Dry 0.68 8.27 76.5 40.2 12.55 71 7,962 – aWML = Work to maximum load.
    [Show full text]
  • 2013 Empowering Ggardeners
    Extension NC STATE UNIVERSITY NORTH CAROLINA COOPERATIVE EXTENSION Fall 2013 Empowering Ggardeners. ardenerIncrease plant diversity to enhance wildlife Providing ant to encourage more beneficial garden insects, songbirds, and other types Wof wildlife to live in your yard? The solutions. answer is simple: Increase plant diversity in your yard! North Carolina is home to 3,068 native plant species, which help to support an even in this issue greater diversity of native wildlife. Native plants are ideal for supporting wildlife and are well S A N D H I L L S adapted to North Carolina’s climate. & C O A S T A L Plants sustain life and help support a com- P L A I N plex food system. From pollinating insects to N E W S songbirds and small mammals, all wildlife depend on plants to provide food, shelter, and nesting Composting sites. Not all wildlife feed on the same plants at Selecting Fruit the same time. Having a well-designed landscape nia), and joe-pye weed (Eutrochium) are favored Trees composed of a diversity of herbaceous and woody nectar sources for many butterfly species and also Dealing With plants will provide food and shelter to sustain provide beautiful flowers. Kudzu Bugs wildlife throughout the year. Plant a mix of evergreen and deciduous Winterizing the If you want to increase plant diversity in your shrubs to provide food and refuge for songbirds Lawn yard, the best place to start is with the ground throughout the year. Deciduous shrubs such as layer. Diverse mixtures of perennial ground cov- New Jersey tea (Ceanothus americanus) and but- ers—such as species of Phlox, Viola, Oxalis, and tonbush (Cephalanthus occidentalis) can be grown S T A T E Geranium—are good choices because they have throughout North Carolina and provide nectar N E W S tiny flowers that only small insects like beneficial for insects and hummingbirds in the summer.
    [Show full text]
  • Approved Plantings List
    ACCEPTABLE PLANTINGS FOR BUFFER ZONES TO RESOURCE AREAS A resource list provided by the Truro Conservation Commission Stabilize Steep Provide Windbreaks Tolerates Tolerates Moist Tolerates Thrives in Tolerates Dry Embankments Screening Wind/Salt Soils Shade Full Sun Conditions TREES Acer rubrum Red Maple x x x x x Betula populitalia Gray Birch x x x Betula papyrifera White Birch x x Betula nigra River Birch x x x Cornus alternifolia Pagoda Dogwood x x x Cornus florida Flowering Dogwood x x x Fagus grandifolia American Beech x x x x Ilex opaca American Holly x x Juniperus virginiana Red Cedar x x x x x x Nyssa slyvatica Black Gum x x x Ostrya virginiana Hop Hornbeam x x x x x Pinus strobus White Pine x x x x x x Populus grandidentata Aspen x x Prunus penslyvanica Pin Cherry x x x x x x Prunus serotina Black Cherry x x x x x Prunus virginia Chokecherry x x x x x Quercus alba White Oak x x Quercus bicolor Swamp White Oak x x x x x x Querus rubra Red Oak x x x x Querus velutina Black Oak x x x x x Rhus typhina or glabra Sumac x x x x Tsuga Canadensis East. Hemlock x x x x **Other plant species may be planted in the 100ft. Buffer zone with prior consent of the Truro Conservation Commission Stabilize Steep Provide Windbreaks Tolerates Tolerates Moist Tolerates Thrives in Tolerates Dry Embankments Screening Wind/Salt Soils Shade Full Sun Conditions GROUNDCOVERS Arctostaphylos Uva-Ursi Bearberry x x x x x Juniperus conferta Shore Juniper x x x x Vaccinium augustifolium Lowbush blueberry x x x x x Dennstaedtia punctilobula Hay Scented Fern Juncus effusus Soft Rush x x x Chamaecrista fasciculata Partridge Pea x x Matteuccia struthiopteris Ostrich Fern x x Onelea sensibilis Sensitive Fern x x x GRASSES Agrostis stolonifera Creeping Bent Grass x x x Ammophilia breviligulata Amer.
    [Show full text]
  • The Distribution of a Non-Native (Rosa Multiflora) and Native (Kalmia Latifolia) Shrub in Mature Closed-Canopy Forests Across Soil Fertility Gradients
    Plant Soil (2014) 377:259–276 DOI 10.1007/s11104-013-2000-x REGULAR ARTICLE The distribution of a non-native (Rosa multiflora) and native (Kalmia latifolia) shrub in mature closed-canopy forests across soil fertility gradients Cynthia D. Huebner & Jim Steinman & Todd F. Hutchinson & Todd E. Ristau & Alejandro A. Royo Received: 8 July 2013 /Accepted: 3 December 2013 /Published online: 27 December 2013 # Springer Science+Business Media B.V. (outside the USA) 2013 Abstract also sampled soil, vegetation and leaf tissue at the local Background and aims A soil fertility gradient, ranging scale, from ten individual shrubs of each species in each from infertile to highly fertile soils, may define whether national forest. or not a plant will establish and spread at a site. We Results Regional analyses showed a significant fertility evaluated whether or not such a fertility gradient exists gradient with Ohio being the most fertile and West for Rosa multiflora Thunb., a nonnative invasive shrub, Virginia the least. Soil fertility was associated with pH and Kalmia latifolia L., a native problem shrub, in (most acidic in West Virginia and least acidic in Ohio) closed-canopy forests of the eastern U.S. and elevation (highest in West Virginia and lowest in Methods We sampled soil and vegetation at the regional Ohio). At the local level, R. multiflora was associated scale, along four randomly located 1-km transects in with soil Ca:Al ratios greater than 0.5, and K. latifolia 70+ year-old undisturbed forests in each of three nation- was associated with Ca:Al ratios less than 0.3.
    [Show full text]
  • Native Plants for Your Backyard
    U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service Native Plants for Your Backyard Native plants of the Southeastern United States are more diverse in number and kind than in most other countries, prized for their beauty worldwide. Our native plants are an integral part of a healthy ecosystem, providing the energy that sustains our forests and wildlife, including important pollinators and migratory birds. By “growing native” you can help support native wildlife. This helps sustain the natural connections that have developed between plants and animals over thousands of years. Consider turning your lawn into a native garden. You’ll help the local environment and often use less water and spend less time and money maintaining your yard if the plants are properly planted. The plants listed are appealing to many species of wildlife and will look attractive in your yard. To maximize your success with these plants, match the right plants with the right site conditions (soil, pH, sun, and moisture). Check out the resources on the back of this factsheet for assistance or contact your local extension office for soil testing and more information about these plants. Shrubs Trees Vines Wildflowers Grasses American beautyberry Serviceberry Trumpet creeper Bee balm Big bluestem Callicarpa americana Amelanchier arborea Campsis radicans Monarda didyma Andropogon gerardii Sweetshrub Redbud Carolina jasmine Fire pink Little bluestem Calycanthus floridus Cercis canadensis Gelsemium sempervirens Silene virginica Schizachyrium scoparium Blueberry Red buckeye Crossvine Cardinal flower
    [Show full text]
  • Chapter 4 Native Plants for Landscape Use in Kentucky
    Chapter 4 Native Plants for Landscape Use In Kentucky A publication of the Louisville Water Company Wellhead Protection Plan, Phase III Source Reduction Grant # X9-96479407-0 Chapter 4 Native Plants for Landscape Use in Kentucky Native Wildflowers and Ferns The U. S. Department of Transportation, (US DOT), has developed a listing of native plants, (ferns, annuals, perennials, shrubs, and trees), that may be used in landscaping in the State of Kentucky. Other agencies have also developed listings of native plants, which have been integrated into the list within this guidebook. While this list is, by no means, a complete report of the native species that may be found in Kentucky, it offers a starting point for additional research, should the homeowner wish to find additional KY native plants for use in a landscape design, or to check if a plant is native to the State. A reference book titled Wildflowers and Ferns of Kentucky, which was recommended by personnel at the Salato Wildlife Center as an excellent reference for native plants, was also used to develop the list. (A full bibliography is listed at the end of this chapter.) While many horticultural and botanical experts may dispute the inclusion of specific plants on the listing, or wish to add more plants, the list represents the latest information available for research, by the amateur, at the time. The information listed within the list was taken at face value, and no judgment calls were made about the suitability of plants for the list. The author makes no claims as to the completeness, accuracy, or timeliness of this list.
    [Show full text]