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Building a German Nation WH07_TE_ch10_s01_MOD_s.fm Page 330 Wednesday, March 7, 2007 WH07MOD_se_CH10_s01_s.fm 2:41 PM Page 330 Friday, January 26, 2007 1:27 PM Franco-Prussian war era helmet Step-by-Step WITNESS HISTORY AUDIO SECTION 1 Instruction Blood and Iron 1 Prussian legislators waited restlessly for Otto von Bismarck to speak. He wanted them to vote for more Objectives money to build up the army. Liberal members opposed As you teach this section, keep students the move. Bismarck rose and dismissed their concerns: focused on the following objectives to help Germany does not look to Prussia’s liberalism, but them answer the Section Focus Question “ to her power. The great questions of the day are and master core content. 1 not to be decided by speeches and majority resolu- 1 tions—that was the mistake of 1848 and 1849— ■ Identify several events that promoted German unity during the early 1800s. but by blood and iron!” Otto von Bismarck —Otto von Bismarck, 1862 ■ Explain how Bismarck unified Germany. Focus Question How did Otto von Bismarck, the ■ Analyze the basic political organization chancellor of Prussia, lead the drive for German unity? of the new German empire. Building a German Nation Objectives Otto von Bismarck delivered his “blood and iron” speech in 1862. Prepare to Read • Identify several events that promoted German It set the tone for his future policies. Bismarck was determined to unity during the early 1800s. build a strong, unified German state, with Prussia at its head. Build Background Knowledge L3 • Explain how Bismarck unified Germany. Remind students that in this period, • Analyze the basic political organization of the many peoples with a shared cultural and new German empire. Taking Initial Steps Toward Unity ethnic heritage were moved by national- In the early 1800s, German-speaking people lived in a number of ist feelings to establish their own political Terms, People, and Places small and medium-sized states as well as in Prussia and the Aus- identities. Have students predict how Otto von Bismarck annex trian Hapsburg empire. Napoleon’s invasions unleashed new nationalism might contribute to the chancellor kaiser forces in these territories. Realpolitik Reich creation of a German nation. Napoleon Raids German Lands Between 1806 and 1812, Napoleon made important territorial changes in German-speaking Set a Purpose L3 Reading Skill: Recognize Sequence Keep track lands. He annexed lands along the Rhine River for France. He dis- of the sequence of events that led to German solved the Holy Roman Empire by forcing the emperor of Austria ■ WITNESS HISTORY Read the selection unification by completing a chart like the one to agree to the lesser title of king. He also organized a number of aloud or play the audio. below. Add more boxes as needed. German states into the Rhine Confederation. AUDIO Witness History Audio CD, At first, some Germans welcomed the French emperor as a hero Napoleon raids German lands. Blood and Iron with enlightened, modern policies. He encouraged freeing the Ask What’s the main idea of serfs, made trade easier, and abolished laws against Jews. How- Bismarck’s speech? (Military force ever, not all Germans appreciated Napoleon and his changes. As is more effective than slow political people fought to free their lands from French rule, they began to demand a unified German state. change or reform.) Based on the pic- Napoleon’s defeat did not resolve the issue. At the Congress of ture and speech, what kind of Vienna, Metternich pointed out that a united Germany would leader do you think Bismarck will require dismantling the government of each German state. be? (Sample: strong, forceful, and Instead, the peacemakers created the German Confederation, a aggressive) weak alliance headed by Austria. ■ Focus Point out the Section Focus Question and write it on the board. Tell students to refer to this question as they read. (Answer appears with Vocabulary Builder Section 1 Assessment answers.) Use the information below and the following resources to teach the high-use word from this section. ■ Preview Have students preview the Teaching Resources, Unit 3, p. 26; Teaching Resources, Skills Handbook, p. 3 Section Objectives and the list of Terms, People, and Places. High-Use Word Definition and Sample Sentence edit, p. 333 vt. to make additions, deletions, or other changes to a piece of writing ■ Reading Skill Have students use the He edited his paper very carefully before handing it in to his professor. Reading Strategy: Recognize Sequence worksheet. Teaching Resources, Unit 3, p. 27 330 Nationalism Triumphs in Europe WH07MOD_se_CH10_s01_s.fmWH07_TE_ch10_s01_MOD_s.fm Page 331 Monday,Page 331 June Wednesday, 26, 2006 10:55 March AM 7, 2007 2:41 PM Economic Changes Promote Unity In the 1830s, Prussia created an ■ Have students read this economic union called the Zollverein (TSAWL fur yn). It dismantled tariff section using the Structured Read barriers between many German states. Still, Germany remained politi- Aloud strategy (TE, p. T20). As they cally fragmented. read, have students fill in the flowchart In 1848, liberals meeting in the Frankfurt Assembly again demanded showing the sequence of events that led German political unity. They offered the throne of a united German state to German unification. to Frederick William IV of Prussia. The Prussian ruler, however, rejected the notion of a throne offered by “the people.” Reading and Note Taking Study Guide, p. 112 What was the German Confederation? Bismarck Unites Germany Teach Otto von Bismarck succeeded where others had failed. Bismarck came from Prussia’s Junker (YOONG kur) class, made up of conservative landowning nobles. Bismarck first served Prussia as a diplomat in Steps Toward Unity Russia and France. In 1862, King William I made him prime minister. Instruct L3 Within a decade, the new prime minister had become chancellor, or the highest official of a monarch, and had used his policy of “blood and iron” ■ Introduce Have students read the to unite the German states under Prussian rule. first paragraph under the red heading. Ask them to predict how a foreign inva- For: Audio guided tour 20˚ E sion by Napoleon led to the rise of Unification of Germany, 1865–1871 Web Code: nbp-2211 nationalist feelings among Germans. N 55˚ N DE SWED ■ Teach Ask In what ways did Napo- W NMARK EN E B a l t i c S e a leon’s rule bring about a desire for S German unity? (The Rhine Confeder- N o r t Schles h S e a wig ation probably encouraged people to East Holste 15˚ E Prussia believe that German states could unite. 5˚ E in Also, many Germans wanted to free M A Hambur ecklenburg Pomerania g West I themselves from French rule and unite Hanover S Prussia RUSSIA into a strong German state.) What was NET Bra S V HERLA ndenburg istu the Zollverein and how did it encour- NDS la R U Berlin Posen . age German unification? (It was a E West l phalia R be Royal house German economic union created by R R . medal of the Prussia that did away with trade barri- B h ELG i IUM n P O e d Hohenzollerns ers; however, the states still remained R er . Saxony R Thurin . Ems gia politically divided.) Sedan Silesia LUX. Frankfu Prussia, 1865 rt . Prague Main R Added to Prussia, 1866 T Sadowa Independent Practice o Paris M Added to form North German etz Confederation, 1867 Have students write a letter from the per- Lorraine Bavaria Wü Added to form German rttemberg AUSTRIA-HUNGARY empire, 1871 spective of someone who lived in a Ger- FR ANCE D Boundary of German man state in the early 1800s to a cousin an empire, 1871 B Munic ube R. Alsace aden h H Vienna Battle sites in another country, explaining what has ohenzoller n Route of Prussian armies in changed since Napoleon invaded. Conic Projection Austro-Prussian War 0100 200 mi Route of German armies in SWITZER Franco-Prussian War LAND 0 100 200 km Monitor Progress As students fill in their flowcharts, make Map Skills In the early 1800s, people 1. Locate: (a) Prussia (b) Silesia 3. Analyzing Information Why do sure that they understand that the Ger- living in German-speaking states had (c) Bavaria (d) Schleswig you think Austrian influence was local loyalties. By the mid-1800s, how- 2. Region What area did Prussia add greater among the southern man Confederation and the Zollverein ever, they were developing a national to its territory in 1866? German states than among the were steps towards unification. For a identity. northern ones? completed version of the flowchart, see Note Taking Transparencies, 151 History Background Answers Bismarck’s Appointment The decision to make discussed the situation. Bismarck told the king that, in Bismarck prime minister came in the midst of a gov- his view, parliamentary government “must be avoided a weak alliance headed by Austria that was ernment crisis. Liberals in Prussia’s parliament had at all costs, even if by a period of dictatorship.” He created after the defeat of Napoleon blocked King William I’s plans to reorganize and went on: “I will rather perish with the King than for- Map Skills increase the army. After months of disagreement sake your Majesty in the contest with parliamentary 1. Review locations with students. between king and parliament, the king was about to government.” Convinced that Bismarck would sup- 2. Schleswig, Holstein, Hanover, and parts of abdicate his throne in favor of his son. Then advisors port his claims to royal power, William named him central Germany suggested he turn to Bismarck. The two met and prime minister. 3. Austria was geographically closer to many of the southern German states than was Prussia.
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