Environmental and Social Impact Assessment of a 252 MW Wind Power Project in Thoothukudi District of Tamil Nadu
Vivid Solaire Energy Private Limited Final Report
23 March 2020
Project No.: 0441037
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Document title Environmental and Social Impact Assessment of a 252 MW Wind Power Project in Thoothukudi District of Tamil Nadu Document subtitle Final Report Project No. 0441037 Date 23 March 2020 Version 0.2 Author ERM India Private Limited Client Name Vivid Solaire Energy Private Limited (ENGIE Group)
Document history
ERM approval to issue
Version Revision Author Reviewed by Name Date Comments Draft 0.1 Nishant Naval Neena Singh 22.04.2019 -- Kumar, Chaudhary Akshita Misra, Anupreet Anand, Karan Rai Final 0.2 Nishant Ajay Pillai Neena Singh 23.03.2020 Addressal of Kumar, comments Akshita Misra, received from Anupreet ENGIE on Anand, Karan 26.09.2019. Rai
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23 March 2020
Environmental and Social Impact Assessment of a 252 MW Wind Power Project in Thoothukudi District of Tamil Nadu
Final Report
Name: Ajay Pillai Name: Neena Singh Job title: Partner Job title: Managing Partner
ERM India Private Limited Building 10A 4th Floor, DLF Cyber City Gurgaon, NCR – 122002 www.erm.com © Copyright 2020 by ERM Worldwide Group Ltd and / or its affiliates (“ERM”). All rights reserved. No part of this work may be reproduced or transmitted in any form, or by any means, without the prior written permission of ERM
www.erm.com Version: 0.2 Project No.: 0441037 Client: Vivid Solaire Energy Private Limited (ENGIE Group) 23 March 2020
ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF A 252 CONTENTS MW WIND POWER PROJECT IN THOOTHUKUDI DISTRICT OF
TAMIL NADU Final Report
CONTENTS 1. INTRODUCTION ...... 1 1.1 Overview of the Project ...... 1 1.2 Purpose of the Report and Scope of Work ...... 3 1.3 ESIA Methodology ...... 3 1.3.1 Limitations ...... 4 1.3.2 Use of this Report ...... 4 1.4 Layout of the Report ...... 5 2. PROJECT DESCRIPTION ...... 6 2.1 About ENGIE Group ...... 6 2.2 Site Setting ...... 8 2.3 Project Components ...... 8 2.3.1 Wind Turbines ...... 8 2.3.2 Other Project Components ...... 11 2.3.3 Wind Turbine Generators Profiling ...... 12 2.4 Project Phases and Activities ...... 15 2.5 Contractors ...... 15 2.6 Resource Requirement ...... 16 2.6.1 Manpower ...... 19 2.6.2 Batching Plant ...... 19 2.6.3 Access Road ...... 19 2.7 Project organisational structure ...... 19 3. APPLICABLE LEGAL AND REGULATORY FRAMEWORK ...... 21 3.1 Introduction ...... 21 3.2 Institution Framework – Enforcement Agencies ...... 21 3.3 Applicable Regulatory/Policy Framework...... 21 3.4 National Environmental Standards ...... 28 4. SCREENING AND SCOPING ...... 29 4.1 Project Categorisation ...... 29 4.2 Scoping Evaluation ...... 30 4.3 Scoping Results ...... 31 5. ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL BASELINE ...... 38 5.1 Study Area ...... 38 5.1.1 Project Footprint Area ...... 38 5.1.2 Project Area of Influence ...... 38 5.1.3 Core and Buffer Zone ...... 38 5.2 Environmental Baseline Findings ...... 40 5.2.1 Land Use and Land Cover ...... 40 5.2.2 Local Topographical Features ...... 40 5.2.3 Geology and Hydrogeology ...... 43 5.2.4 Hydrology and Drainage Pattern ...... 43 5.2.5 Climate and Meteorology ...... 46 5.2.6 Natural Hazards ...... 47 5.2.7 Water Quality ...... 51 5.2.8 Noise Quality ...... 53 5.2.9 Traffic Survey ...... 56 5.3 Ecological Baseline Findings ...... 57 5.3.1 Objectives of the Ecological Study ...... 57 5.3.2 Habitat Mapping ...... 58 5.3.3 Ecological Baseline Methodology ...... 60
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ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF A 252 CONTENTS MW WIND POWER PROJECT IN THOOTHUKUDI DISTRICT OF
TAMIL NADU Final Report
5.3.4 Floral Assessment ...... 61 5.3.5 Faunal Assessment ...... 61 5.3.6 Ecologically Sensitive Areas ...... 68 5.3.7 Migratory Routes ...... 70 5.4 Social Baseline ...... 71 5.4.1 Study Area Profile ...... 71 5.4.2 Demographic Profile ...... 73 5.4.3 Education and literacy ...... 76 5.4.4 Land Use ...... 77 5.4.5 Livelihood Profile ...... 80 5.4.6 Physical and Social Infrastructure ...... 83 6. STAKEHOLDER IDENTIFICATION, INFORMATION DISCLOSURE, CONSULTATION AND PARTICIPATION ...... 87 6.1 Stakeholder Identification and Characterization ...... 87 6.2 Stakeholder Mapping ...... 88 6.3 Key Feedback received during stakeholder consultations undertaken as part of the ESIA ...... 97 7. IMPACT ASSESSMENT ...... 98 7.1 Scope of the Assessment ...... 98 7.2 Key Environmental Impacts ...... 98 7.2.1 Change in Land Use ...... 98 7.2.2 Impact on Land and Soil Environment ...... 100 7.2.3 Impact on Water Resources ...... 111 7.2.4 Impact on Air Quality ...... 118 7.2.5 Shadow Flicker ...... 122 7.2.6 Ambient Noise Levels ...... 135 7.3 Key Ecological Impacts ...... 147 7.3.1 Assessment Criteria ...... 148 7.3.2 Impact from clearance of vegetation ...... 151 7.3.3 Impacts from construction activities on local ecology ...... 152 7.3.4 Hazards associated with turbine blade movement ...... 154 7.3.5 Electrical Hazards for Avifaunal Species ...... 156 7.4 Key Social Impacts ...... 157 7.4.1 Assessment Criteria ...... 157 7.4.2 Impacts on Community Health and Safety ...... 158 7.4.3 Impacts on Economic Opportunities and Due to Land Take ...... 160 7.4.4 Occupational Health and Safety...... 162 7.4.5 Labour Rights and Welfare ...... 164 8. ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES ...... 166 8.1 The power scenario in India ...... 166 8.2 Alternative Site Location ...... 166 8.2.1 Alternate location for WTGs and Associated Facilities ...... 167 8.3 Alternate methods of power generation ...... 167 8.3.1 Greenhouse gasses (GHG) emissions ...... 168 8.3.2 Water consumption ...... 168 8.3.3 Carbon offsetting ...... 169 8.3.4 No-go alternative ...... 169 8.4 Conclusion ...... 169 9. ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL ACTION PLAN (ESAP) ...... 170 9.1 Implementation of the ESAP ...... 170 9.2 The Company’s Organisational Structure ...... 170 9.3 Roles and Responsibilities of EHS Department ...... 170
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ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF A 252 CONTENTS MW WIND POWER PROJECT IN THOOTHUKUDI DISTRICT OF
TAMIL NADU Final Report
9.3.1 Inspection, Monitoring and Audit ...... 170 9.3.2 Reporting and Documentation ...... 171 9.3.3 ESAP Review and Amendments...... 172 9.4 Training programme and Capacity Building ...... 172 9.5 Environmental and Social Action Plan ...... 172 10. IMPACT SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION ...... 182 10.1 Impacts requiring detailed assessment ...... 182 10.1.1 Impact summary ...... 182 10.2 Conclusion ...... 183
APPENDIX A WTG PROFILING APPENDIX B PHOTO-DOCUMENTATION OF WTG PROFILING APPENDIX C RESULTS OF SHADOW FLICKER ANALYSIS APPENDIX D RESULTS OF NOISE IMPACT ANALYSIS APPENDIX E ENVIRONEMNTAL MONITORING REPORTS APPENDIX F ENHANCED QUALITY PROJECT MAPS
List of Tables Table 1-1 Project Thoothukudi, Tamil Nadu - Snapshot ...... 1 Table 1-2 Structure of the Report ...... 5 Table 2-1 Reported Status of 252 MW Wind Farm ...... 6 Table 2-2 Specifications of Proposed WTGs ...... 10 Table 2-3 Details of Other Project Components ...... 11 Table 2-4 Wind Turbine Generators Profiling, Sensitive Locations ...... 12 Table 2-5 Subcontractors and their scope of work for the Project ...... 15 Table 2-6 Resources Requirement ...... 17 Table 3-1 Enforcement Agencies relevant to the Project ...... 22 Table 3-2 Applicability of Key Legislations in India and Reference Framework in the different phases of life cycle of the Project ...... 24 Table 4-1 Activity Impact Interaction Matrix ...... 32 Table 4-2 Identified Interactions that are likely to result in significant impacts ...... 35 Table 4-3 Scoped-out interactions during the proposed Project's life cycle ...... 37 Table 5-1 Land use break-up of the project area of influence for the 252 MW Project ...... 40 Table 5-2 Hydrogeology of Thoothukudi district...... 43 Table 5-3 Details of Average Rainfall, Thoothukudi ...... 46 Table 5-4 Natural Hazard Details ...... 47 Table 5-5 Groundwater status of Thoothukudi ...... 51 Table 5-6 Details of Water Sampling Locations ...... 51 Table 5-7 Ground Water Quality in the Study Area ...... 52 Table 5-8 Details of 24 Hour Ambient Noise Monitoring Location ...... 53 Table 5-9 Ambient Noise Levels in the Study Area during Monitoring Period (24 Hr monitoring) . 54 Table 5-10 Traffic Survey on the Study Area ...... 56 Table 5-11 Water bodies surveyed in and around the wind farm site ...... 58 Table 5-12 Vegetation classification of the region ...... 60 Table 5-13 Flora around the ENGIE WInd Farm ...... 61 Table 5-14 Herpetofauna observed/reported in the 5 km study area ...... 62 Table 5-15 Avifauna observed/reported in the 5 km study area ...... 63 Table 5-16 Mammals observed/reported in the 5 km study area ...... 68 Table 5-17 List of Villages in Study Area ...... 71
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ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF A 252 CONTENTS MW WIND POWER PROJECT IN THOOTHUKUDI DISTRICT OF
TAMIL NADU Final Report
Table 5-18 Demographic Profile ...... 73 Table 5-19 Sources of Water Supply in Study Area ...... 83 Table 5-20 Drainage Facility in Study Area ...... 84 Table 5-21 Health Infrastructure in the Study Area ...... 86 Table 6-1 Stakeholder Group Categorization ...... 87 Table 6-2 Stakeholder Profile and Opinion ...... 89 Table 7-1 Sensitivity Assessment Criteria for Land Use ...... 98 Table 7-2 Criteria for Impact Magnitude for Assessment of Impact to Land Use ...... 99 Table 7-3 Periodic Alteration of Land Use ...... 99 Table 7-4 Impact on land use as a result of the Project ...... 100 Table 7-5 Sensitivity Assessment Criteria for Soil quality (compaction, erosion and contamination) ...... 101 Table 7-6 Criteria for Impact Magnitude for Assessment of Impact to Soil ...... 102 Table 7-7 Impacts on land and soil environment during the project life cycle ...... 102 Table 7-8 Soil Erosion during construction phase ...... 103 Table 7-9 Soil Compaction during construction phase ...... 104 Table 7-10 Impact on land due to improper waste disposal during construction phase ...... 106 Table 7-11 Soil contamination due to Leaks/spills during construction phase ...... 107 Table 7-12 Improper waste disposal during operation phase ...... 108 Table 7-13 Soil contamination due to leaks/spills during operation phase ...... 109 Table 7-14 Impact to Soil and Land environment during decommissioning phase ...... 110 Table 7-15 Sensitivity Assessment Criteria for Water Resources (Surface water and Ground water) 111 Table 7-16 Criteria for Impact Magnitude for Assessment of Impact to Surface and Ground water Resources ...... 112 Table 7-17 Impact on water availability during construction phase ...... 115 Table 7-18 Impact on water quality during construction phase ...... 116 Table 7-19 Impact on water availability during operation phase ...... 117 Table 7-20 Impact on water quality during operation phase ...... 118 Table 7-21 Sensitivity Criteria for Air quality ...... 119 Table 7-22 Criteria for Impact Magnitude for Assessment of Impact to Air Quality (Construction Phase) 119 Table 7-23 Impact on air quality during construction phase ...... 120 Table 7-24 Impact on air quality during decommissioning phase ...... 122 Table 7.25 Shadow Flicker Analysis at Each Receptor due to the Wind Farm Project ...... 130 Table 7.26 Impact Significance of Shadow Flickering pertaining to the Project WTGs ...... 134 Table 7-27 Ambient noise quality standards () ...... 135 Table 7-28 Noise emission criteria ...... 136 Table 7-29 Sensitivity criteria for ambient noise ...... 136 Table 7-30 Criteria for impact magnitude for assessment of impact to ambient noise ...... 136 Table 7-31 Assumed construction equipment sound pressure level inventory ...... 137 Table 7-32 Impact as a result of generation of noise from construction activities ...... 138 Table 7.33 Noise Generation from WTGs ...... 139 Table 7.34 Noise Sensitive Receptors ...... 139 Table 7.35 Predicted Noise Levels at Noise Sensitive Receptors during Operation Phase with Strong Wind Conditions and Most Downwind Conditions ...... 141 Table 7.36 Impact Significance of Project Induced Noise during daytime ...... 146 Table 7.37 Impact Significance of Project Induced Noise during Night time ...... 146 Table 7-38 Identified interactions that are likely to lead to significant impacts ...... 147 Table 7-39 Habitat Impact Assessment Criteria ...... 149 Table 7-40 Species Impact Assessment Criteria ...... 150 Table 7-41 Impact significance of clearance of vegetation ...... 152 Table 7-42 Impact significance for construction activities ...... 153
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ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF A 252 CONTENTS MW WIND POWER PROJECT IN THOOTHUKUDI DISTRICT OF
TAMIL NADU Final Report
Table 7-43 Impact significance from collision of flying fauna with wind turbine blades ...... 155 Table 7-44 Impact significance due to electrocution of roosting or nesting avifauna ...... 157 Table 7-45 Impact magnitude for local communities ...... 157 Table 7-46 Receptor sensitivity for local communities ...... 158 Table 7-47 Impact significance matrix ...... 158 Table 7-48 Impact significance on social and community health and safety ...... 159 Table 7-49 Impact significance on livelihood profile and economic opportunities ...... 162 Table 7-50 Impact significance on occupational health and safety...... 163 Table 7-51 Impact significance on labour rights and welfare ...... 165 Table 8-1 Environmental advantages and disadvantages of various power generation systems167 Table 8-2 Green House Emissions from different Electricity Production Chains ...... 168 Table 8-3 Actual Power supply scenario in 2017-18 for Tamil Nadu and Southern region ...... 169 Table 9-1 Proposed Environmental and Social Action Plan for the 252 MW Wind Power Project 174 Table 10-1 Summary of Impact Assessment ...... 182
List of Figures Figure 1.1 Project Site Location ...... 2 Figure 1.2 Scope of Work and Applicable Reference Framework ...... 3 Figure 1.3 Approach Adopted by ERM for the 252 MW Project ...... 4 Figure 2.1 About ENGIE Group ...... 7 Figure 2.2 Physical Features Map ...... 9 Figure 2.3 Pooling Substation Location (Bottom-Right) and Surroundings ...... 12 Figure 2.4 Project Lifecycle ...... 15 Figure 2.5 Organisational Structure of the Project ...... 20 Figure 5.1 Study Area Map ...... 39 Figure 5.2 Land Use Map of the Project AoI ...... 41 Figure 5.3 Contour Map of Project AoI ...... 42 Figure 5.4 Hydrology and Drainage Pattern of the Project AoI ...... 45 Figure 5.5 Average annual rainfall, Thoothukudi ...... 46 Figure 5.6 Mean Wind Speed, Thoothukudi ...... 47 Figure 5.7 Earthquake Hazard Risk Zonation Map ...... 48 Figure 5.8 Wind and Cyclone Risk Zonation Map ...... 49 Figure 5.9 Flood Hazard Risk Zonation Map ...... 50 Figure 5.10 Monitoring Locations Map ...... 55 Figure 5.11 Noise Monitoring Locations a) Poovani Village (Top-Left); b) Paraikuttam Village (Top- Right); and c) Savalaperi Village (Bottom) ...... 56 Figure 5.12 Traffic Survey Locations; a) Melapandiyapuram-Varatharajapuram (Left); b) Maniyachi- Keelapoovani (Right) ...... 57 Figure 5.13 Photo-documentation of habitats ...... 59 Figure 5.14 Photo-documentation of the observed avifauna ...... 66 Figure 5.15 Photo-documentation of mammals ...... 68 Figure 5.16 Proximity of wind farm to ecologically sensitive areas ...... 70 Figure 5.17 Central Asian Flyway ...... 71 Figure 5.18 Sex Ratio across the Study Area ...... 75 Figure 5.19 Literacy Levels in Study Area ...... 76 Figure 5.20 Access to Educational Infrastructure ...... 76 Figure 5.21 Land Use Profile in Study Area ...... 78 Figure 5.22 Land Use Category Definitions ...... 79 Figure 5.23 Status of Irrigation ...... 80 Figure 5.24 Worker Participation Ratio ...... 81 Figure 5.25 Main Worker Profile...... 81
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ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF A 252 CONTENTS MW WIND POWER PROJECT IN THOOTHUKUDI DISTRICT OF
TAMIL NADU Final Report
Figure 5.26 Marginal Worker Profile ...... 82 Figure 7.1 Wind turbines and shadow receptors of the Wind Farm ...... 128 Figure 8.1 Plan wise Growth of Installed Generating Capacity in India ...... 166
Acronyms and Abbreviations Name Description
AoI Area of Influence
AWEA American Wind Energy Association
AZE Alliance for Zero Extinction
BMTPC Building Materials and Technology Promotion Council of India
BOD Biochemical Oxygen Demand
CC Community Consultation
CDM Clean Development Mechanism
CGWB Central Ground Water Board
CHC Community Health Centre
CHWTSDF Common Hazardous Waste Transfer Station and Disposal Facility
CMS Convention of Migratory Species
COD Chemical Oxygen Demand
CPCB Central Pollution Control Board
CSR Corporate Social Responsibility
CTE Consent to Establish
CTO Consent to Operate
DD Data Deficient
DG Diesel Generator
DO Dissolved Oxygen
EC Environmental Clearance
EHS Environmental Health and Safety
EHV Extra High Voltage
EIA Environmental Impact Assessment
EMF Electromagnetic Field
EN Endangered
EPA Environment Protection Act
EPC Engineering, Procurement and Construction
ERM Environmental Resources Management India Private Limited
ESIA Environmental and Social Impact Assessment
ESAP Environmental and Social Action Plan
GDP Gross Domestic Production
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ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF A 252 CONTENTS MW WIND POWER PROJECT IN THOOTHUKUDI DISTRICT OF
TAMIL NADU Final Report
Name Description
GFRP Glass Fiber Reinforced Plastic
GHG Green House Gases
GSI Geological Survey of India
GSS Grid Sub Station
Ha Hectares
HH Hub Height
HSE Health, Safety and Environment
IA Impact Assessment
IAEA International Atomic Energy Agency
IBA Important Bird and Biodiversity Areas
IFC International Finance Corporation
IGBT Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor
ILO International Labour Organisation
IMD India Meteorological Department
IPP Independent Power Producer
IREDA Indian Renewable Energy Development Agency Limited
ITIs Industrial Training Institutes
IUCN International Union for Conservation of Nature
IWPA Indian Wind Power Association
KBA Key Biodiversity Areas
LC Least Concern
MNRE Ministry of New and Renewable Energy
MoEFCC Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change
MOTE Million Tonnes of Oil Equivalent
MPN Most Probable Number
MSIHC Manufacture, Storage and Import of Hazardous Chemicals
MW Mega Watt
NA Not Available/Applicable
NAAQ National Ambient Air Quality
NH National Highway
NHS National Hydrograph Network Stations
NIWE National Institute of Wind Energy
NOC No Objection Certificate
NT Near Threatened
O&M Operations and Maintenance
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ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF A 252 CONTENTS MW WIND POWER PROJECT IN THOOTHUKUDI DISTRICT OF
TAMIL NADU Final Report
Name Description
OBC Other Backward Classes
OEM Original Equipment Manufacturer
OPD Out Patient Department
PGA Peak Ground Acceleration
PHC Primary Health Centre
PS Performance Standards (International Finance Corporation)
PS Primary Survey
PSS Pooling Sub Station
PUC Pollution Under Control
R&D Research and Development
RD Rotor Diameter
RO Reverse Osmosis
RoW Right of Way
SAW Submerged Arc Welded
SC Schedule Caste
ST Schedule Tribe
SCADA Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition
SS Secondary Survey
TL Transmission Line
TNPCB Tamil Nadu Pollution Control Board
TWAD Tamil Nadu Water Supply and Drainage Board
UN United Nations
USS Utilised/Packaged Sub Station
VCM Vaccum Circuit Breaker
VSEPL Vivid Solaire Energy Private Limited
Vu Vulnerable
WB World Bank
WPA Wildlife Protection Act
WTG Wind Turbine Generators
ZVI Zones of Visual Influence
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ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF A 252 INTRODUCTION MW WIND POWER PROJECT IN THOOTHUKUDI DISTRICT OF TAMIL NADU Final Report
1. INTRODUCTION
ENGIE Group (hereinafter referred to as ‘ENGIE’ or ‘Client’) through its Special Purpose Vehicle (SPV) Vivid Solaire Energy Private Limited India (hereinafter referred to as ‘VSEPL’) has commissioned ERM India Private Limited (hereafter referred to as ‘ERM’) to undertake an Environmental and Social Impact Assessment study of a proposed 252 MW wind power project (hereinafter referred to as the ‘ESIA’) in Thoothukudi district of Tamil Nadu. The Project is being developed by VSEPL with Evergreen Power Private Limited and Cape Infrastructure Private Limited. The wind turbine generators (WTGs) proposed for the Project will be developed by Vestas Wind Technologies Private Limited (Vestas Wind System 2.2MW V120 50Hz) with a total of 126 wind turbine generators. The 126 WTG locations are spread across 30 villages in Thoothukudi district of Tamil Nadu. Generated power from the Project will be evacuated through a 13.9 km long 220 kV line from the Pooling Sub-station (PSS) of the Project to the existing 400/230 kV Grid Sub-station (GSS) of Power Grid Corporation of India Limited (PGCIL) at North Vandanam in Tuticorin, Tamil Nadu.
1.1 Overview of the Project
Table 1-1 provides a snapshot of the proposed project and location of the project is shown in Figure 1.1.
Table 1-1 Project Thoothukudi, Tamil Nadu - Snapshot
Particulars Description
Location and Terrain ■ The projects is located on moderate to fairly open terrain; ■ The elevation range from 38 m to 73 m above mean sea level; and ■ Vegetation consists of shrubs and dwarf trees of height in the range between 3 to 5m at some places, while at some places, the land is barren. Project Status at time of ■ Land for setting up the Zero Point, Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition the ESIA study (SCADA), batching plant has been procured by Evergreen Power Pvt Ltd., but exact locations for the above haven’t been decided as the Project was in the planning/pre-construction stages; ■ Land for WTG locations: in process ■ WTG foundation laying and installation: Not started; ■ Soil Testing: Completed at 9 WTG locations; ■ Pooling Substation: 33kV/220 kV Pooling Sub-Station (PSS) at Thattapari, Tuticorin; and ■ Grid Sub-station: Evacuation to Power Grid Corporation of India Limited Sub- station at Tuticorin. Project Status at time of ■ The Project in the planning/pre-construction phase. the study EPC Contractors ■ ENGIE has hired Vestas Wind Technology India Pvt Ltd. for WTG and transmission lines construction; ■ ENGIE has hired Evergreen Infrastructure Pvt Ltd. for procurement of land; and ■ ENGIE has hired CAPE Infrastructure Pvt Ltd. for development of access roads. Commissioning Date ■ The COD for the project is envisaged to be 30th November 2019.
Source: ENGIE (Based on status at the time of the site visit)
Note: ERM would like to mention that this report describes the environment and social impacts associated with the specific WTGs as defined for the Project. Any further addition of WTGs to the current project which comprises of 126 WTGs will require additional impact assessment.
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ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF A 252 INTRODUCTION MW WIND POWER PROJECT IN THOOTHUKUDI DISTRICT OF TAMIL NADU Final Report
Figure 1.1 Project Site Location
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ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF A 252 INTRODUCTION MW WIND POWER PROJECT IN THOOTHUKUDI DISTRICT OF TAMIL NADU Final Report
1.2 Purpose of the Report and Scope of Work
ERM understands that ENGIE Group intends to develop a wind farm project via a Special Purpose Vehicle (SPV) named Vivid Solaire Energy Private Limited India (VSEPL). In keeping with the requirements of ENGIE’s internal ESMF, the project requires evaluation of environmental and social risks associated with the proposed project and subsequent implementation of mitigation measures to avoid adverse impacts during the project lifecycle. The project has to comply with the applicable reference framework below, along with applicable national, state and local regulations. The report discusses the environmental and social baseline within which the proposed wind farm project will be commissioned and assesses the potential adverse and beneficial impacts that the project could have, along with suitable mitigation measures and an Environmental and Social Action Plan (ESAP) for the project. The following figure provides an understanding of the scope of work and the applicable reference framework for the project.
Figure 1.2 Scope of Work and Applicable Reference Framework
Applicable Reference Scope of Work Framework
• Assessment of the compliance of the project • IFC Performance Standards (2012); and its components vis-à-vis the applicable • IFC/World Bank General EHS Guidelines reference framework for the ESIA. (2007); • Collection and collation of baseline data for the • IFC/World Bank EHS Guidelines for Wind project site and surroundings with reference to Energy Projects (2015); the physical, biological and social components, • IFC/World Bank EHS Guidelines for Electric and preparation of a baseline monitoring Power Transmission and Distribution (2007) report. • Applicable Indian national, state and local • Review of the land acquisition/lease and regulatory requirements; and compensation process to assess any adverse • The Guidelines for Development of Onshore social impacts. Wind Power Projects, by the Ministry of New • Identification, prediction, quantification and and Renewable Energy (Government of India) evaluation of potential aspects and impacts of vide circular F. No. 66/183/2016-WE, dated the proposed project on various environmental 22nd October 2016 and social sensitivities due to activities • Relevant ILO conventions covering core labour envisaged during construction, operation and standards and basic terms and conditions of closure phases of the proposed project. employment (limited to operational phase of • Preparation of a Environmental and Social the proposed Project). Action Plan (ESAP) with monitoring • ESMS/ ESMF of ENGIE requirements and develop procedures for monitoring environment and social impacts on an ongoing basis, and to identify and mitigate residual impacts that may occur subsequent to • Note: Wind energy projects in India at present the completion of the ESIA. do not require an Environmental Clearance under the EIA Notification, 2006. ERM is not preparing the ESIA for any regulatory requirements, hence, if any deliverable if used for the same purpose, ERM needs to be communicated by the Client.
1.3 ESIA Methodology
The methodology of the ESIA process if as describe in Figure 1.3.
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Figure 1.3 Approach Adopted by ERM for the 252 MW Project
1.3.1 Limitations This ESIA report is based on scientific principles and professional judgment applied to facts with resultant subjective interpretations. Professional judgments expressed herein are based on the analysis of available data and information. The ESIA report was prepared with the following limitations:
1. Organization structure for project Engineering Procurement and Construction team (EPC) and Operations and Maintenance (O&M) team, locations of project components such as labour camp and laydown area, etc., were not finalised at the time of the site visit;
2. It should be noted that the due to the changing WTG locations, the site visits for the ESIA were undertaken over two trips, in August 2018 and January 2019. The primary data for the ESIA was collected during the August 2018 site visit, while the WTG profiling was completed in January 2019. The ESIA accordingly reflects the data;
3. The scope of work did not include development of any engineering design or technical specifications or cost estimates among others;
4. As the land take for the project was in process during the first site visit in August 2018t the interaction with the local community was limited in keeping with the sensitivities associated with land take.
5. As the land take for the project was in process at the time of the assessment, the complete details for the land requirement and the land take were not available at the time of the assessment
1.3.2 Use of this Report ERM is not engaged in consulting or reporting for the purpose of advertising, sales promotion, or endorsement of any client interests, including raising investment capital, recommending investment decisions, or other publicity purposes. Client acknowledges this report has been prepared for their and their clients’ exclusive use and agrees that ERM reports or correspondence will not be used or
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1.4 Layout of the Report
The structure of this ESIA report is as given in Table 1-2.
Table 1-2 Structure of the Report
Section Title Description Section 1 Introduction Introduction to the 252 MW Project as well as the ESIA methodology Section 2 Project Description Technical description of the 252 MW Project & related infrastructure and activities Section 3 Administrative Discussion of the applicable environmental and social regulatory Framework framework and its relevance for the 252 MW Project. Section 4 Screening and Description of the outcomes of the Screening exercise and description Scoping of the outcome of the Scoping exercise undertaken as part of the ESIA process. Section 5 Environmental, Environmental, Ecological and Social Baseline status in the area of Ecological and Social the 252 MW Project. Baseline Section 6 Stakeholder An outline of the engagement with the stakeholder groups undertaken Identification and as part of the assessment process and the key issues identified from Engagement the same. Section 7 Impact Assessment Details of identified environmental impacts and associated risks due to project activities of the Project, assessment of significance of impacts and mitigation measures for minimizing and /or offsetting adverse impacts identified. Section 8 Analysis of Provides an understanding of the alternatives assessed for the project Alternatives Section 9 Environmental and Outline of the Environmental and Social Action Plan (ESAP) taking Social Action Plan into account identified impacts and planned mitigation measures and monitoring requirements. Section 10 Impact Summary and Provides a summary of environmental and social impacts pre- and Conclusion post-mitigation and conclusions drawn from the study.
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2. PROJECT DESCRIPTION
This section provides an overview of proposed wind farm project. It provides a description of the project in terms of location, associated infrastructure, equipment required and activities to be performed during the construction, operation and decommissioning stages of the project. The details about this development as reported to the consulting firm during the site visit are summarised in Table 2-1 below.
Table 2-1 Reported Status of 252 MW Wind Farm
Particular Details Total Capacity of the proposed development 252 MW Number of WTGs 126 Execution Methodology The development activities envisaged for the project is divided into four phases: (a) Planning; (b) Construction; (c) Operation & Maintenance and (d) decommissioning. No. of WTGs for which land has been 75 (as on 28th March 2019) procured Current Status Pre-construction Phase Contractors 1. Vestas Wind Technologies Pvt Ltd. 2. Evergreen Power Pvt Ltd. 3. CAPE Infrastructure Pvt Ltd.
2.1 About ENGIE Group
ENGIE is a French multinational electric utility company, headquartered in La Défense, Courbevoie, which operates in the fields of electricity generation and distribution, natural gas, nuclear and renewable energy. Further details about ENGIE group are provided in Figure 2.1.
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Figure 2.1 About ENGIE Group
Source: ENGIE Power Website
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2.2 Site Setting
The Project site is approximately 40 km north east of Tirunelveli town, and approximately 20 km from Thoothukudi district headquarter, Tamil Nadu. The Project area, consisting of 126 WTG locations spread across 30 villages, is located primarily on private agricultural land. There are nine (9) waterbodies located within 5 km radius of the Project site (refer to Table 5-11 for name, geographical coordinates and status of the waterbodies at the time of ERM site visit). The general terrain in the area is moderate or fairly open, with the elevation ranging between 38-73 m above mean sea level. The vegetation in the area comprises primarily of shrubs and dwarf trees, with heights ranging from 3-5 m. The site is well connected with town road via NH 7A from Thoothukudi city. Two (2) reserve forest and one (1) wildlife sanctuaries are located in the vicinity of the WTGs that comprise the 252 MW Project, and are detailed in the subsequent sections. The physical features map showcasing the same along with additional features is as given in Figure 2.2.
6. Chaikulam Reserve Forest, nearest WTG (WTG 99) approximately 2.26 kms southwest;
7. Gangaikondon Reserve Forest, nearest WTG (WTG 63) approximately 6.17 kms west; and
8. Vallanadu Blackbuck Sanctuary, nearest WTG (WTG 77) approximately 1 km south.
2.3 Project Components
The key components of the proposed wind farm include the following:
9. Wind turbines;
10. Pooling substation;
11. Grid Substation;
12. Transmission lines - Internal and External;
13. Access roads; and
14. Additional project infrastructure The WTGs will be owned by ENGIE and developed by VSEPL, the construction of WTGs, the associated project components such as pooling substation and transmission lines will be undertaken by Vestas Wind Technologies, and access roads will be developed by CAPE Infrastructure.
2.3.1 Wind Turbines As mentioned in Section 1, the Vestas Wind System 2.2MW V120 50Hz has been proposed for this Project which has a rated capacity of 2.0 MW. The specifications of WTGs are provided in Table 2-2.
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Figure 2.2 Physical Features Map
Note: Enhanced version of the above showcased map has been presented Appendix F.
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Table 2-2 Specifications of Proposed WTGs
SN. Parameters Vestas Wind System 2.2MW V120 50Hz Power Regulation 1. Pitch Regulated with Variable Speed Operating Data 2. Rated Power 2,000 kW/2,200 Kw 3. Cut-in Wind Speed 3 m/s 4. Cut-out Wind Speed 20 m/s 5. Re Cut-in Wind Speed 18 m/s 6. Wind Class IEC IIB/IEC S 7. Standard Operating Temperature -20 degree Celsius to 45 degree Celsius Sound Power 8. Maximum 110.5 dB Rotor 9. Rotor Diameter 120 m 10. Swept Area 11.310 m sq. 11. Air Brake Full blade feathering with 3 pitch cylinders Electrical 12. Frequency 50/60 Hz 13. Generator Type 4-pole (50 Hz)/6-pole (60 Hz) doubly fed generator, slip rings Gear Box 14. Type Two planetary stages and one helical stage Tower 15. Hub Height 118 m (with additional 2 m from ground level) Nacelle Dimensions 16. Height for transport 4.0 m 17. Height Installed (incl. CoolerTop) 5.4 m 18. Length 10.4 m 19. Width 3.5 m Hub Dimensions 20. Max. Transport Height 3.6 m 21. Max. Transport Width 4.0 m 22. Max. Transport Length 4.2 m Blade Dimensions 23. Length 59.0 m 24. Max. Chord 3.9 m Turbine Options 25. Power Optimised Modes up to 2.2 MW (site specific)
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SN. Parameters Vestas Wind System 2.2MW V120 50Hz 26. Condition Monitoring System 27. Vestas Ice Detection 28. Smoke Detection 29. Shadow Detection 30. Low Temperature Operation to -30 degree Celsius 31. Aviation Lights 32. Aviation Marking on the Blades 33. Vestas InterliLight
Source: (1) Vestas Wind Technologies India Pvt Ltd. (2) Vestas Wind System 2.2MW V120 50Hz. Technical Description and Data (https://www.vestas.com/en/products/turbines/v120-22_mw#!at-a-glance)
2.3.2 Other Project Components Apart from the wind turbine generators, the information regarding other key project components is as given in Table 2-3.
Table 2-3 Details of Other Project Components
Project Component Description Pooling Sub station The 33 kV/230 kV Pooling Sub-Station (PSS) will be constructed by Vestas Wind Technologies at Thattapari, Tuticorin (77°55'10.9" m E and 08°56'12.9" m N). The Pooling Substation (PSS) will occupy an area of ~35 acres and will be located at Thattapari, Tuticorin (refer to Figure 2.3 for pictorial representation). Internal Transmission Line 33kV lines from each WTG will feed power into the 33kV/220 kV Pooling Sub- Station (PSS) at Thattapari, Tuticorin. External Transmission The external transmission line connecting the Pooling Sub-station to the Grid Sub- Lines station, located at North Vandanam, Tuticorin (77°55'35.8" m E and 09°03'00.4" m N), will be of 220 kV capacity, and will be 13.9 km long. The power will then be transferred to the Grid Sub-station which belongs to the Power Grid Corporation of India Limited (PGCIL). The Grid Sub-station holds the capacity of 3000 MW, out of which 252 MW is allotted to this Project. Access roads Site can be accessed via National Highway connecting to major district roads, followed by village (Paved and Unpaved) roads. National Highway 7A is located towards the South of the WTG locations and provides access to Maniyachi- Keelapoovani Road, Poovani-Sekarakudi Road and Ottanathan-Silankulam Road, which provide access to the WTG locations. Some of the WTGs locations were easily accessible through highways and village roads because of their close proximity to the roads. Additional Project Associated ancillary facilities that are to be planned for the project include: Infrastructure ■ Unit Transformers with each WTG; ■ Metering point for measuring production from each WTG; ■ Vacuum Circuit Breaker (VCB) yards; ■ Material storage yards and stores; ■ Batching plant; ■ Scrap yard; ■ Central Monitoring Station/ SCADA building and facilities.
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ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF A 252 PROJECT DESCRIPTION MW WIND POWER PROJECT IN THOOTHUKUDI DISTRICT OF TAMIL NADU Final Report
Figure 2.3 Pooling Substation Location (Bottom-Right) and Surroundings
2.3.3 Wind Turbine Generators Profiling The WTG locations for the Project were assessed to ascertain the presence of sensitive receptors around the WTG locations. Summary of WTG locations consisting of sensitive receptors identified during desk-based WTG profiling and ERM site visit has been provided in the Table 2-4. Detailed WTG profiling of all 126 WTG locations has been provided in Appendix A and photo-documentation of WTG profiling undertaken during ERM site visit is presented in Appendix B of this report.
Table 2-4 Wind Turbine Generators Profiling, Sensitive Locations
Sensitivities WTG location (ID) Waterbody (within 1 km) 1. WTG 3 (Seasonal stream, 140 m SW);
2. WTG 4 (Seasonal stream, 300 m SW);
3. WTG 5 (Seasonal stream, 190 m E);
4. WTG 6 (Seasonal stream, 210 m E);
5. WTG 11 (Seasonal waterbody, 547 m E);
6. WTG 12 (Seasonal waterbody, 530 m E);
7. WTG 34 (Seasonal waterbody, 660 m NW)
8. WTG 40 (Seasonal waterbody, 735 m W);
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Sensitivities WTG location (ID)
9. WTG 46 (Seasonal waterbody, 700 m WNW);
10. WTG 50 (Seasonal waterbody, 560 m W);
11. WTG 56 (Seasonal waterbody, 490 m S);
12. WTG 57 (Seasonal waterbody, 490 m E);
13. WTG 58 (Seasonal waterbody, 940 m SE);
14. WTG 61 (Seasonal waterbody, 290 m SW);
15. WTG 62 (Seasonal waterbody, 400 m W);
16. WTG 63 (Seasonal waterbody, 400 m W);
17. WTG 64 (Seasonal waterbody, 340 m W);
18. WTG 67 (Seasonal waterbody, 260 m S);
19. WTG 74 (Seasonal waterbody, 430 m S);
20. WTG 75 (River, 470 m W);
21. WTG 78 (Seasonal waterbody, 600 m N);
22. WTG 82 (Seasonal waterbody, 900 m S);
23. WTG 83 (Seasonal waterbody, 160 m SW);
24. WTG 84 (Seasonal waterbody, 600 m SE);
25. WTG 88 (Seasonal waterbody, 580 m SE);
26. WTG 90 (Seasonal waterbody, 220 m N);
27. WTG 91 (Seasonal waterbody, 720 m SE);
28. WTG 94 (Seasonal waterbody, 100 m SSE);
29. WTG 98 (Seasonal waterbody, 704 m SW);
30. WTG 101 (Seasonal waterbody, 225 m S);
31. WTG 106 (Seasonal waterbody, 430 m S);
32. WTG 114 (Seasonal stream, 73 m E);
33. WTG 115 (Seasonal stream, 510 m E)
Temple (within 500 m) 1. WTG 66 (498 m W)
Dwelling (within 500 m) 1. WTG 20 (480 m S);
2. WTG 28 (398 m N);
3. WTG 30 (245 m N);
4. WTG 37 (334 m N);
5. WTG 39 (210 m N);
6. WTG 44 (442 m E);
7. WTG 47 (320 m N);
8. WTG 49 (430 m W);
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Sensitivities WTG location (ID)
9. WTG 55 (383m WSW);
10. WTG 68 (400 m S);
11. WTG 69 (470 m SW);
12. WTG 72 (350 m N);
13. WTG 77 (380 m SE);
14. WTG 85 (350 m E);
15. WTG 93 (410 m N);
16. WTG 100 (365 m SE);
17. WTG 105 (465 m S);
18. WTG 109 (470 m SW);
19. WTG 111 (450 m S);
20. WTG 122 (432 m N)
Note: The sensitive locations listed in the table above have been determined based on desktop profiling of the 126 WTG locations and a site visit conducted by ERM in January 2019
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2.4 Project Phases and Activities
The project life-cycle of a wind farm development can be divided into four phases as follows. The project is currently in the pre-construction phase.
Figure 2.4 Project Lifecycle
Planning and Construction Operation Decommissioning Preconstruction • Site selection and wind • Construction of external • Regular remote • The wind farm site, after resource assessment; connecting road and monitoring of the WTG having remained in • Land procurement internal access roads; operations; operation for the lifecycle process; • Site preparation activities • Normal greasing and estimated at 25 years, • Site surveys as such as clearance, cleaning activities; will not lose its value as topographic, geo- excavation, filling, • Annual shut down for a wind power generation technical investigations, levelling etc.; maintenance which will system. However, it is micro-siting studies, • Construction of site mostly include cleaning not yet decided if the power evacuation office, equipment and and greasing, change of project would approach arrangements, zero-point supplies storage areas, parts etc.; and for upgradation/ expansion, once this marking etc.; fuel storage areas and • Internal road repairs as project life is completed • Approvals/clearances/ waste pits; and when required. permits; and • Construction of turbine • The design life of the • Design and finalization of foundations at each project is expected to be contractors (discussions WTG location; 25 years from the date of have started) • Transportation of commissioning. Regular • Mobilisation of equipment including maintenance would be contractors towers, blades, turbines, required to ensure that supply materials and the turbines are kept in fuels; optimal working order. • Completing internal Most day to day facility electrical connections at operations would be each WTG location; done remotely through • Erection of internal the use of computer overhead electrical lines; networks using SCADA but some limited • Establishment of pooling maintenance and repair sub-station; and activities would be • Commissioning of the undertaken on site. WTGs
2.5 Contractors
The following contractors are to be engaged by ENGIE for the various activities as elaborated in Table 2-5:
Table 2-5 Subcontractors and their scope of work for the Project
S. No Contractors Subcontractors and Scope of Work 1. Vestas Wind Technologies Pvt 1. Kshema Power and Infrastructure Private Limited - PSS Ltd. Construction; 2. KS Wind and Renewables Private Limited - Construction of 230 kV transmission line; 3. Annai Constructions Private Limited - WTG Foundation; and 4. Techno Electric and Engineering Co. Limited - GIS Grid Substation 2. Evergreen Power Pvt Ltd. Land Procurement 3. CAPE Infrastructure Construction of Access Roads
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2.6 Resource Requirement
This section provides an understanding of the resource requirement for the project across the project lifecycle. The resources requirement for the project is as provided in Table 2-6.
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Table 2-6 Resources Requirement S. No Resource Area Approximate Quantity Source Transportation Requirement Construction Phase 1 Manpower Across the project Information not available NA Vehicles 2 Water Construction activities ■ 10,143 KL of water is envisaged to be required for the Locally sourced from a Well Tankers/Vehicles entire duration of the construction phase; ■ Domestic water requirement is envisaged to be 365 KL on an average per month; ■ Potable water requirement is envisaged to be 110 KL on an average per month; ■ Water required for WTG foundation is envisaged to be 1600 KL. 3 Cement Construction activities ■ 3500 tonnes per month at peak level; Locally Sourced Vehicles ■ 2800 tonnes per month on average. 4 Stone Construction activities ■ 30 tonnes per month at peak level; Locally Sourced Vehicles ■ 24 tonnes per month on average. 5 Sand Construction activities ■ 25 tonnes per month on average; Locally Sourced Vehicles ■ 20 tonnes per month on average. 6 Steel Construction activities ■ 1150 tonnes per month at peak level; Locally Sourced Vehicles ■ 920 tonnes per month on average. 7 Fuel Construction activities On-site fuel requirements during construction phase will be Locally Sourced/procured from Vehicles/Tankers approximately 2000 litres per month. bunks or nearby refuelling sites 150 litres of vehicle fuel will be required each day as an and stored in storage sheds Vehicles average for 10 vehicles 8 Batching Plant Construction activities ■ Mobile Mixing Plants: 3 in number; Locally Sourced 10 Vehicles on ■ Transit Mixer: 15 in number; an average ■ Concrete Pump: 3 in number. 9 Power Construction activities 800 kWh of electricity will be consumed each day DG Sets and EB if available NA Operation Phase
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S. No Resource Area Approximate Quantity Source Transportation Requirement 1 Manpower Across the project Information not available NA Vehicles 2 Fuel Operation Activities 600 litres per annum of oil will be required for the gearbox Locally Sourced/procured from Vehicles/Tankers and generator maintenance activities for each WTG bunks or nearby refuelling sites. 75 litres of vehicle fuel will be required each day as an Maintenance will be carried out Vehicles average for 5 vehicles regularly during the operation and maintenance phase and waste oil should be sent to an authorized oil recycler, approved by the Tamil Nadu’s State Pollution Control Board (TNPCB) or Central Pollution Control Board, which is yet to be finalised. 3 Water Operation Activities 1000 litres of water is envisaged to be required each day Locally sourced. Drinking water Tankers/Vehicles through bottled water purchase 4 Power Operation Activities 3000 kWh of electricity will be consumed each day Locally Sourced/DG Sets for NA emergency power during power outage
Source: Vestas Wind Technologies India Pvt Ltd.
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2.6.1 Manpower
Construction Phase Information regarding labour camps was not provided to the ERM team at the time of the first site visit in August 2018. However based on previous experience of ERM with respect to large projects of 200- 250 MW capacity, the typical peak labour requirement ranges between 300-400 labours. At the time of ERM site visit, decision pertaining to worker accommodation, i.e., whether the workers will reside in a labour camp or rented accommodations in local villages, had not been made.
Operation Phase Information regarding the numbers of labourers required during the operation phase of the project has was not available at the time of the site visit. However based on previous experience of ERM with respect to large projects of 200-250 MW capacity, the typical peak labour requirement ranges between 40-50 workers including security guards.
2.6.2 Batching Plant As per the information provided to the ERM team, the Project site will consist of a batching plant which will be located near the coastal region. The exact location and the number for the batching plant is yet to be decided. It was also communicated by the Client that river sand will be procured via government agents for the purpose of mixing with concrete in the batching plant.
2.6.3 Access Road As previously mentioned, the Project site is well connected with Town road via NH 7A from Thoothukudi city. However, at the time of ERM visit there were no unpaved/village roads present to provide access to WTG locations. Therefore, internal access roads providing connection between existing roads and WTGs location will be constructed for transportation of project equipment and components during the construction phase. It is estimated that approximately 1.5 km of internal access road may be constructed for each WTG location. It was communicated to the ERM team that gravel will be procured through government agents for the purpose of access road and Crain path development. The Project AoI is characterised by presence of black cotton soil which is not suitable for access road development and movement of 600 ton Crain, therefore gravel will be used. The amount of gravel required for road development is not presently known.
2.7 Project organisational structure
Vivid Solaire Energy Private Limited (VSEPL), a Special Purpose Vehicle (SPV) of ENGIE India, is developing a 252 MW wind power project in Thoothukudi district of Tamil Nadu. Vestas Wind Technologies, Evergreen Power and Cape Infrastructure are supporting VSEPL in Engineering, Procurement and Construction activities. The Joint Venture (JV) ‘Anurudra Renewables Private Limited’ between Evergreen Power and Cape Infrastructure presently has 25 employees. The teams in place presently includes land, WRT, liaising and accounts team. Of these 25 employees, 10 are stationed on site, while 15 are in the corporate office in Chennai. The JV proposes to hire 2-3 EHS officers for the construction phase of the project. However, the exact manpower requirement and organization structure for the construction and operations phase of the Project is presently not known.
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Figure 2.5 Organisational Structure of the Project
ENGIE Group
VSEPL Special Purpose Vehicle
Kshema Power and Infrastructure Evergreen Power
K S Wind & Renewables India Cape Infrastructure Vestas Wind Technologies
Anurudra Annai Constructions
Techno Electric and Engineering
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3. APPLICABLE LEGAL AND REGULATORY FRAMEWORK
3.1 Introduction
This section highlights the environmental and social regulations applicable to the Project. At the outset, it should be emphasized that this administrative framework focuses on:
21. Applicable environmental and social regulations and policies in India and the State of Tamil Nadu;
22. ENGIE ESMF;
23. Institutional Framework for the implementation of the regulations; and
24. International Standards and Conventions including: - IFC Performance Standards (2012); - IFC/World Bank General EHS Guidelines (2007); - IFC/World Bank EHS Guidelines for Wind Energy Projects (2007); - IFC/World Bank EHS Guidelines for Electric Power Transmission and Distribution (2007); - Relevant ILO conventions covering core labour standards and basic terms and conditions of employment (limited to operational phase of the proposed Project).
25. The latest Guidelines for Development of Onshore Wind Power Projects, by the Ministry of New and Renewable Energy (Government of India) vide circular F. No. 66/183/2016-WE, dated 22nd October 2016.
3.2 Institution Framework – Enforcement Agencies
A brief description of the relevant enforcement agencies with respect to the institutional framework is described in Table 3-1.
3.3 Applicable Regulatory/Policy Framework
Table 3-2 summarizes the key regulations that are relevant to the project across its lifecycle. This table should be used to update/develop a comprehensive legal register for the project which can be regularly monitored for compliance as well as updated to reflect changes/non-applicability of regulations, policies and standards.
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Table 3-1 Enforcement Agencies relevant to the Project
Agency Functions Relevance & Applicability to the project Tamil Nadu Pollution Control The TNPCB is a statutory authority entrusted to implement environmental The Project won’t need to obtain Consent to Establish Board (TNPCB) laws and rules within the jurisdiction of the State of Tamil Nadu, India. The (prior to start any construction activity) and Consent to Board ensures proper implementation of the statutes, judicial and legislative Operate (prior to project commissioning) under the Water pronouncements related to environmental protection within the State. (Prevention and Control of Water Pollution) Act, and Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1981, as renewable energy projects fall under ‘white’ category as per central pollution control board (CPCB) categorisation. The project will use diesel generator sets for back-up power supply. In addition transformer oil would also be required for operation of transformers. There is probability of generation of waste oil, used oil, empty oil drums, waste paints which are hazardous in nature and thus the Project will require to obtain Hazardous waste authorization as per Hazardous and Other Wastes (Management and Transboundary Movement) Rules, 2016.
National Institute of Wind ■ Research & Development; The Project has to be developed on a NIWE approved Energy (previously known as ■ Wind Resource Assessment Unit; site for wind power defining the wind capacity of the ■ Standards and Certification Unit; Centre for Wind Energy particular region. ■ R&D Testing unit Technology (C-WET)) Indian Renewable Energy The main objectives of IREDA is to promote, develop and extend financial Wind Power Projects should be developed based on the Development Agency Limited support to specific projects and schemes for generating electricity and / or IREDA guidelines for renewable energy (IREDA) energy through new and renewable sources and conserving energy through energy efficiency. Tamil Nadu Energy TEDA is Tamil Nadu Energy Development Agency. It is an independent Wind Power Projects should be developed based on the Development Agency (TEDA) agency setup by Government of Tamil Nadu in the year 1984, as a TEDA guidelines for renewable energy. registered society with a specific purpose – to create awareness and migrate the State from using fossil fuels to renewable energy The main objectives of the TEDA include:-
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Agency Functions Relevance & Applicability to the project
■ To promote the use of new and renewable sources of energy (NRSE) and to implement projects therefore. ■ To promote energy conservation activities. ■ To encourage research and development on renewable sources of energy.
MNRE The Ministry of New and Renewable Energy (MNRE) is the nodal Ministry of The project should be developed in keeping with the the Government of India for all matters relating to new and renewable MNRE guidelines. energy. The broad aim of the Ministry is to develop and deploy new and renewable energy for supplementing the energy requirements of the country. Panchayats The local Panchayats are empowered with management of local resources Panchayats are empowered to levy and collect local like common land and infrastructure like roads, buildings etc. taxes on land, property and provisioning of facilities. The Panchayat thus has the power to levy an industrial tax on any WTGs set up within its boundaries State Labour Department All issues pertaining to implementation of labour laws in any establishment, Labours to be involved during the construction phase shop or factory. and few in the operation should be provided with wages and other facilities with country as well as state labour laws and acts. Central Ground Water Board Central Ground Water Board (CGWB) is the apex organization of the The usage of ground water by the project and the (CGWB) Ministry of Water Resources dealing with ground water and related issues establishment of bore wells, will require the project to take permission from the CGWB Forest Department All issues pertaining to use of forest land are governed by the department The project may involve an impact on forest land. In such case, the project would require permission from the forest department District Administration Land purchase process by the land aggregator will be regularized by the Land purchase process for the various components of (Collector’s Office) state government through District collector and revenue department. project such as WTG, substation, roads , batching plant etc. in Thoothukudi district would be followed as per State Land revenue code and land registration act of Tamil Nadu.
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Agency Functions Relevance & Applicability to the project National Green Tribunal The tribunal will have jurisdiction over all civil cases relating to U/s 17, any person responsible for any untoward implementation of the following regulations: incidents (defined in Schedule II of the Act) is liable to ■ The Water Act, 1974; pay relief or compensation as determined by the tribunal, ■ The Water Cess Act, 1977; failing which a penalty (u/s 26 and 27) is imposable ■ The Forest Conservation Act, 1980; which may lead to imprisonment up to 3 years or fine up ■ The Air Act, 1981; ■ The Environment Protection Act, 1986; to INR 10 Crores or both and an additional fine of INR ■ The Public Liability Insurance Act, 1991; and 25,000 per day for any delay, which may further be ■ The Biological Diversity Act, 2002 increased to one lac per day.
The Act provides for compensation on account of following ■ Relief and compensation to the victims of pollution and other environmental damage arising under enactment of the above acts; ■ Restitution of property damaged; and ■ Restitution of the environment.
Table 3-2 Applicability of Key Legislations in India and Reference Framework in the different phases of life cycle of the Project
Topic and Reference Pre-construction Construction Operations Decommissioning Agency Responsible Remarks Indian laws, regulations and policies Land Purchase The Electricity Act √ √ √ √ Central Electricity Authority Generating company deemed to obtain a license under this Act and also to comply 2003 with all safety requirement as per rule 29 to 46 under chapter 6. Environment Protection Environment Protection √ √ √ √ TNPCB Permissible limits for ambient air quality, Act, 1986 and as MoEF water quality, noise limits has been laid amended CPCB down by CPCB under EP Act, 1986 The Air (Prevention which requires to be complied with. And Control Of Pollution) Act, 1981
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Topic and Reference Pre-construction Construction Operations Decommissioning Agency Responsible Remarks The Water (Prevention And Control Of Pollution) Act 1974 The Noise (Regulation √ √ √ √ TNPCB Per the Act, ambient noise levels are to & Control) Rules, 2000 be maintained as stipulated in the rules and as amended up to for different categories of areas such as 2010 residential, commercial, and industrial and silence zones. Considering the context of the Project, Vestas and their Ambient Noise contractors will need to abide by the Standards X √ √ X limits prescribed for residential zones. TNPCB MoEF As the project is in rural/residential set up, noise standards for residential area will be applicable for the project. Storage of Hazardous Chemicals Manufacture, Storage X √ √ X TNPCB Rules will be applicable during and Import of construction and operation phases if Hazardous Chemicals chemicals stored at site satisfy the (MSIHC) Rules, 1989 criteria laid down in the Rules. and as amended Handling of Hazardous Wastes Hazardous and Other X √ √ √ TNPCB Generation of waste oil and transformer Wastes (Management oil at site attracts the provisions of and Transboundary Hazardous and Other Wastes Rules, Movement) Rules, 2016 2016. The hazardous wastes have to dispose through approved recyclers only. Labour and Working Conditions The Factories Act, 1948 X X √ X Deputy Chief Inspector of Vestas will need to comply to all and Factories requirement of factories rules and Tamil Nadu Factories participate in periodic inspection during the Operations Phase Rules, 1950 Building and Other X √ X √ State Labour Department, Vestas will need to comply to the Construction TN requirements of the these regulations
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ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF A 252 APPLICABLE LEGAL AND REGULATORY FRAMEWORK MW WIND POWER PROJECT IN THOOTHUKUDI DISTRICT OF TAMIL NADU Final Report
Topic and Reference Pre-construction Construction Operations Decommissioning Agency Responsible Remarks Workers Act, 1996; Inter-state Migrant Workers Act, 1979; Contract Labour Act, 1970 The Child Labour X √ √ √ Department of Inspector of Vestas and their contractors will need to (Prohibition and Factories, TN comply to the requirements of these Regulation) Act, 1986; regulations Bonded Labour (Abolition) Act 1976; Minimum Wages Act, 1948; Equal Remuneration Act 1976; Workmen's Compensation Act, 1923; Maternity Benefit Act, 1961. Companies Act, 2013 X X √ X Registrar appointed under According to Schedule 135 sub-section 1, the Act the companies meeting the threshold criteria specified should spend in every financial year, at least 2% of the average net profits of the company made during the three immediately preceding financial years, in pursuance of CSR Policy.
The project will need to comply with the requirements as stated in the law. International treaties and conventions Conventions on the √ √ √ √ State Forest Department Migratory bird in the project area bears Conservation of protection from killing under Convention Migratory species of of Migratory Species (CMS) to which wild animals and India is a signatory migratory species Kyoto Protocol: The 3rd √ √ √ √ NATCOM The proposed project being a wind power Conference of the generation project becomes the basis for Parties to the Clean Development Mechanism.
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ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF A 252 APPLICABLE LEGAL AND REGULATORY FRAMEWORK MW WIND POWER PROJECT IN THOOTHUKUDI DISTRICT OF TAMIL NADU Final Report
Topic and Reference Pre-construction Construction Operations Decommissioning Agency Responsible Remarks Framework Convention on Climate Change (FCCC) in Kyoto in December 1997 introduced the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) as a new concept for voluntary greenhouse- gas emission reduction agreements. International Standards and Guidelines IFC Performance √ √ √ √ Equator Principles The methodology of the ESIA has been Standards, 2012 Financing Institutions developed on the basis of the IFC IFC General EHS X √ √ √ Performance Standards. Guidelines, 2007 During the construction, operation and IFC EHS Guidelines for X √ √ √ eventual decommissioning of the site, the Power Transmission following guidelines will need to be and Distribution, 2007 followed. IFC EHS Guidelines for X √ √ √ Wind Energy Projects, 2007 IFC/WB Air Emissions X √ X √ and Ambient Air Quality Standards IFC/WB Guidelines for X √ √ √ treated sanitary sewage discharges IFC/WB Noise X √ √ √ Standards
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ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF A 252 APPLICABLE LEGAL AND REGULATORY FRAMEWORK MW WIND POWER PROJECT IN THOOTHUKUDI DISTRICT OF TAMIL NADU Final Report
3.4 National Environmental Standards
The Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) has stipulated different environmental standards w.r.t. ambient air quality, noise quality, water and waste water for the country as a whole under EP Act, 1986. Following standards are applicable to the project and need to be complied with during the project life cycle.
26. National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQ Standards), as prescribed by MoEFCC vide, Gazette Notification dated 16th November, 2009;
27. Drinking water quality- Indian Drinking Water Standard (IS 10500: 2012);
28. General standards for discharge as prescribed under the Environment Protection Rules, 1986 and amendments (G.S.R 422 (E) dated 19.05.1993 and G.S.R 801 (E) dated 31.12.1993 issued under the provisions of E (P) Act 1986);
29. Noise standards specified by the MoEFCC vide Gazette notification dated 14th February, 2000 (Noise Pollution (Regulation and control) Rules, 2000); and
30. Hazardous and Other Wastes (Management and Transboundary Movement) Rules, 2016.
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ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF A 252 SCREENING AND SCOPING MW WIND POWER PROJECT IN THOOTHUKUDI DISTRICT OF TAMIL NADU Final Report
4. SCREENING AND SCOPING
On the basis of the site visit undertaken and the observations made during the desk based review and the ERM site visit, the potential environmental, ecological and social impacts have been identified. For this purpose, a systematic process has been followed whereby the activities (both planned and unplanned) associated with the construction of the 252 MW Project. The assumptions in this section have been made taking into perspective the 5 phases of the Project that forms the scope of this report. 4.1 Project Categorisation
Equator Principles Financial Institutions (EFPIs) are required to categorise project according to the magnitude of its potential impacts based on the environmental and social screening criteria of IFC as per the following understanding:
31. Category A: Projects with potential significant adverse social or environmental impacts that are diverse, irreversible or unprecedented;
32. Category B: Projects with potential limited adverse social or environmental impacts that are few in number, site-specific, largely reversible, and readily addressed through mitigation measures; or
33. Category C: Projects with minimal or no adverse social or environmental impacts. Additionally, EDFI environmental and social standards have been used to categorise the Project based on the following definitions:
34. High risk (A): Projects with significant potential adverse social or environmental impacts that are diverse, irreversible or unprecedented. These impacts cannot be mitigated or remedied or only at significant costs.
35. High Medium Risk (B+): Projects with generally limited potential adverse social or environmental impacts that are site specific and readily addressed through mitigation measures but having some specific features which can have potential significantly more adverse social or environmental impacts.
36. Low Medium Risk (B): Projects with limited potential adverse social or environmental impacts that are site-specific and readily addressed through well-known mitigation measures.
37. Low risk (C): Projects with minimal or no adverse social or environmental Impacts. Based on the above mentioned categorisation definitions, ERM has categorized the project as Category B under EPFI requirements and a low risk Category B under EDFI requirements and has used a combination of project environmental and social risk, location and client capacity to establish the risk profile as substantiated subsequently:
38. Limited irreversible land- use change: Environmental and social impacts of the project are anticipated during the construction phase will encompass increase noise & vibration and air quality during the site preparation including setting of batching plants, labour camps, excavations for WTGs, Transmission Line Towers, vehicular transport, Impact on terrestrial ecology in and around WTG’s; Internal and external transmission line towers, pooling substations; Impact on fauna and wildlife present project influence area close to various WTGs. Occupational health and safety; community health and safety during material and WTGs transportation is envisaged; and can be readily addressed through appropriate mitigation measures proposed in ESAP.
39. Unprecedented impacts: The land presently identified for the proposed WTG locations and other project components is located in a Greenfield area comprised of private and government land used for agriculture and grazing purposes. There are other operational wind power projects in the project area, thus the development of this project is unlikely to result in any unprecedented impacts or changes on the baseline
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ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF A 252 SCREENING AND SCOPING MW WIND POWER PROJECT IN THOOTHUKUDI DISTRICT OF TAMIL NADU Final Report
40. Site specific impacts: The project footprint for the WTGs is limited to 2.5 acres (1 ha), and 0.25 acres for the unit substations. As there are a number of WTGs with settlements (refer to Annexures) within 500 m of proposed locations and thus could experience shadow flicker and noise related impacts during the operation phase. Reserve forest and wildlife sanctuaries, namely Gangaikondon Reserve Forest and Wildlife Sanctuary, Vallanadu Blackbuck Sanctuary and Chaikulam Reserve Forest, are located within 10 kms of the proposed wind farm area. Environmental and social impacts are expected to be site specific that may be readily addressed through adequate mitigation measures.
4.2 Scoping Evaluation
For this ESIA study, scoping has been undertaken to identify the potential Area of Influence for the Project to identify potential interactions between the Project and resources/receptors in the Area of Influence and the impacts that could result from these interactions, and to prioritize these impacts in terms of their likely significance. This stage is intended to ensure that the impact assessment focuses on issues that are most important decision-making and stakeholder interest. It is to be noted here that during the period of ESIA study, the Project was at planning/pre- construction stage, however the scoping exercise includes all the phases of the project, i.e., planning and pre-construction, construction, operation and maintenance and decommissioning into consideration. The scoping exercise was undertaken on the basis of the information available on the project, the discussions with the Project team and the prior understanding of the consulting firm of wind power projects. Potential impacts have been identified through a systematic process whereby the features and activities (both planned and unplanned) associated with the operation and maintenance and decommissioning phases of the Project have been considered with respect to their potential to interact with resources/ receptors. However, social impacts are assessed retrospectively for the land purchase process during preconstruction phase. Potential impacts have each been classified in one of three categories:
No interaction where the Project is unlikely to interact with the resource/ receptor (e.g., wholly terrestrial projects may have no interaction with the marine environment);
Interaction likely, but not where there is likely to be an interaction, but the resultant likely to be significant impact is unlikely to change baseline conditions in an appreciable/detectable way
Significant interaction where there is likely to be an interaction, and the resultant impact has a reasonable potential to cause a significant effect on the resource/receptor
As a tool for conducting scoping, the various Project features and activities that could reasonably act as a source of impact were identified, and these have been listed down the vertical axis of a Potential Interactions Matrix. The resources/receptors relevant to the Baseline environment have been listed across the horizontal axis of the matrix.
Each resulting cell on the Potential Interactions Matrix thus represents a potential interaction between a Project feature/activity and a resource/ receptor. The proposed wind power Project will involve the key activities during its life cycle which will include planning and pre-construction, construction, operation and maintenance and decommissioning phases as described in Section 2.3.
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4.3 Scoping Results
The completed Potential Interactions Matrix for Project activities and likely impacted resources/ receptors is presented in Table 4-1. Interactions that are likely to lead to impacts are presented in Table 4-2 and will be the focus of the impact assessment. Owing to site conditions there are certain possible interactions that will not take place. As a result these interactions have been “scoped out” and are presented in Table 4-3.
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Table 4-1 Activity Impact Interaction Matrix
Environmental and ecological Resources Social Resources
Resources/ Receptors
Environmental, Ecological and Social
Vibration Vibration Land Use Air Quality Climate Change Drainage Pattern
Visual Aesthetics Vulnerable Groups Cultural Resources Land Forms/ Profile Ground Water Quality Ambient Noise Levels Soil/ Sediment Quality
Economy & Livelihoods Infrastructure & Services Terrestrial\ Avian Ecology Community Health & Safety Social & Cultural Structures Occupational Health & Safety Social/ Community Cohesion
Surface Water Quantity/Quality Demographics (i.e. Displacement) Aquatic Flora/ Fauna (Biodiversity) Project Phase and Activity Land Use (Inc. Economic Displacement) Planning and Pre Construction Phase Wind Master/ Meteorological Master Installation Micro siting of WTG locations Power evacuation planning process Access road planning to intra-site WTGs Land procurement Ancillary facilities planning – yards, stores, SCADA Construction Phase Pathways and access road construction WTG location preparation – site clearance Labour &Construction material transport and storage Mobilising and operating DG sets and onsite concrete mixers Construction of Batching Plant, Pooling substation and SCADA Foundation excavation and construction
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Environmental and ecological Resources Social Resources
Resources/ Receptors
Environmental, Ecological and Social
Vibration Vibration Land Use Air Quality Climate Change Drainage Pattern
Visual Aesthetics Vulnerable Groups Cultural Resources Land Forms/ Profile Ground Water Quality Ambient Noise Levels Soil/ Sediment Quality
Economy & Livelihoods Infrastructure & Services Terrestrial\ Avian Ecology Community Health & Safety Social & Cultural Structures Occupational Health & Safety Social/ Community Cohesion
Surface Water Quantity/Quality Demographics (i.e. Displacement) Aquatic Flora/ Fauna (Biodiversity) Project Phase and Activity Land Use (Inc. Economic Displacement) WTG parts and other equipment – transit storage yards WTG parts transport to site Setting up and commissioning equipment transport Transformer yard construction and installation Transmission line – Pole erection and stringing WTG project commissioning Operation and Maintenance phase Operation of the wind turbines during the life cycle of the Project Half yearly and Annual maintenance scheduled activities at each WTG location Routine inspection and operation of all WTGs Operation and maintenance of ancillary facilities such as yards, stores, CMS building facilities Inspection, maintenance and operation of transmission lines
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ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF A 252 SCREENING AND SCOPING MW WIND POWER PROJECT IN THOOTHUKUDI DISTRICT OF TAMIL NADU Final Report
Environmental and ecological Resources Social Resources
Resources/ Receptors
Environmental, Ecological and Social
Vibration Vibration Land Use Air Quality Climate Change Drainage Pattern
Visual Aesthetics Vulnerable Groups Cultural Resources Land Forms/ Profile Ground Water Quality Ambient Noise Levels Soil/ Sediment Quality
Economy & Livelihoods Infrastructure & Services Terrestrial\ Avian Ecology Community Health & Safety Social & Cultural Structures Occupational Health & Safety Social/ Community Cohesion
Surface Water Quantity/Quality Demographics (i.e. Displacement) Aquatic Flora/ Fauna (Biodiversity) Project Phase and Activity Land Use (Inc. Economic Displacement) Inspection, maintenance and operation of intra-site pathways/access roads Decommissioning Replace WTG turbines with new ones Remove WTG parts and ancillary facilities Remove transmission lines Loss of Employment Return intra-site access roads
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Table 4-2 Identified Interactions that are likely to result in significant impacts
Interaction (between Justification for Expectation of Potentially Significant Impacts Project Activity and Resource/Receptor) Change in land use Construction Phase ■ Construction of temporary structures – wind mast for recording wind data, stockyard, batching plant, and labour camp will change the land use for short period; ■ Clearing of vegetation for Project related activities; ■ Laying of transmission lines and towers, paving and widening of access roads, setting up of WTG towers, PSS, SCADA and site office will lead to permanent change in land use; and
Decommissioning Phase ■ Restoration of wind farm site after Project cycle will reverse the land use to the original one. Impacts on Land and Construction Phase Soil Environment ■ Decrease of soil quality due to loss of vegetation cover, loss of top soil; ■ Higher soil evaporation and loss of soil moisture because of loss of vegetation cover; ■ Impact on land environment because of widening and paving of access/internal roads and laying of transmission lines; ■ Erosion of loose soil during monsoon season and windy periods; ■ Sedimentation of nearby water bodies due to excessive soil erosion and run-off; ■ Compaction of soil due to foundation construction and heavy traffic use; ■ Removal of top soil at WTGs, ancillary facilities and transmission tower sites; ■ Generation of construction debris, solid municipal waste and decommissioning waste; ■ Impact on soil and land environment due to improper management of domestic solid waste generated; ■ Storage and handling of hazardous waste (e.g. fuel and lubricant) and accidents/negligence leading to leaks and soil contamination;
Operation and Maintenance Phase ■ Generation of hazardous waste during operation of the Project e.g. small amounts of waste oil;
Decommissioning Phase ■ Restoration of wind farm site after Project cycle. Impact on Water Construction Phase Resources ■ Requirement of water for domestic and construction purposes may put a stress on local water resources; ■ Potential contamination of low lying areas with construction debris, fuel, oil etc. and its entry into the water especially during the rainy months.
Operation and Maintenance Phase ■ Impact on surface water quality due to run-off from storage area during monsoon. Impact on air quality Construction Phase ■ Fugitive dust emissions due to movement of machinery and vehicles; ■ Dust emissions from operation of batching plant, excavation, back-filling activities, etc.; ■ Decreased environmental resilience to air pollution because of loss of vegetation; and ■ Air emissions due to operations of DG sets to be used for emergency power backup and batching plant.
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ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF A 252 SCREENING AND SCOPING MW WIND POWER PROJECT IN THOOTHUKUDI DISTRICT OF TAMIL NADU Final Report
Interaction (between Justification for Expectation of Potentially Significant Impacts Project Activity and Resource/Receptor) Visual Landscape Construction Phase and Operation and Maintenance Phase ■ The visual landscape of the study area will be altered due to the WTGs and supporting facilities especially if near/ in the Chaikulam RF and the Gangaikondon WS and Vallanadu WS, respectively; ■ Presence of construction equipment during construction phase; ■ Presence of internal and external transmission lines. Increased Ambient Construction Phase Noise Levels Generation of noise during clearing of vegetation; ■ Noise generation due to movement of vehicles and heavy earth moving machineries during construction phase; ■ Noise generation during excavation and drilling of rocky land for WTGs; ■ Noise generation due to widening and paving of access roads; ■ Generation of noise during operation of batching plant and from DG Sets;
Operation and Maintenance Phase ■ Generation of noise due to operation of WTGs.
Decommissioning Phase ■ Generation of noise while decommissioning the WTG components and ancillary facilities at the end of the Project life cycle. Ecological Impacts Construction Phase ■ Vegetation clearance; ■ Loss of habitats, disturbance and modification;
Operation and Maintenance Phase ■ Bird collision risks due to operation of wind turbines; and ■ Bird electrocution from electrical components of the wind farm. Community health and Construction Phase Safety Impacts ■ Potential for introduction of communicable diseases due to labour influx in the area; ■ Increased chance of noise, air emissions, groundwater contamination and dust emissions; ■ Increased chance of accidents due to heavier traffic and unauthorized public access to construction site; ■ Transportation of WTG components, other construction materials and increased vehicular movement will lead to traffic hazards for community residing close to the access roads; and ■ Threat to safety of general public because of excavated areas.
Operation and Maintenance Phase ■ Blade glint, shadow flicker and blade throw risks due to the presence of the WTGs Occupational Health Construction Phase and Safety ■ Occupational health hazards due to dust and noise pollution; ■ Safety risk due to wrong handling of construction machinery, working at heights and falling objects; ■ Decreased structural integrity of area due to construction work.
Operation and Maintenance Phase ■ Exposure of workers to electromagnetic field (EMF) while working in proximity to charged electric power lines during operation and maintenance. Labour Rights and Construction Phase Welfare ■ Construction activities are expected to require considerable number of skilled and unskilled labour. Therefore, attention needs to be made to minimum wages,
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Interaction (between Justification for Expectation of Potentially Significant Impacts Project Activity and Resource/Receptor) child labour, worker compensation, working conditions, and equal remuneration and health and safety policies (including provision of appropriate PPEs). For migrant workers, additionally, regulation of employment and condition of services needs to be monitored as per the interstate migration act Economy and Construction Phase Livelihood ■ The project is likely to result in generation of direct and indirect economic opportunities. The direct opportunities are likely to be in the form of employment of casual labour and security guards per WTG during construction phase. In addition to this, the project is likely to result in indirect opportunities such as increase in rooms on rent and tea stalls and eating joints.
Operation and Maintenance Phase ■ During the operations phase, this is likely to reduce to one security guard for 2-3 WTGs and housekeeping staff in site office. The key indirect opportunities are likely to result from hiring of vehicles and tea stalls. Land based livelihoods Construction Phase ■ The land is identified for the Project is primarily private agricultural land. The land take for the project may also impact the livelihoods of the land owners and those undertaking agriculture on the land parcels, due to a loss of agricultural land.
Table 4-3 Scoped-out interactions during the proposed Project's life cycle
Impact Title Reason for Scoping-out Impact on ambient air quality during The power generation process will not have any air emissions. The site operation phase activities will be mainly remote monitoring of WTGs and scheduled maintenance work. Demography (Influx and The projects will not result in any physical displacement of the local Displacement) community. While the operations phase will result in the reduction of local manpower employed, due to the nature and scale of the project, the impact from this is expected to be minimal. PS 5 is accessed as not applicable to the project Indigenous People According to the Census records and consultations with the local community, the study areas do not report a significant presence of Scheduled Tribe population within the study area. No direct impacts on indigenous people are envisaged. The same was confirmed during community consultations and consultation with Project on-site team. Since, no indigenous peoples will be affected by the project activities and no ST land will be purchased, PS 7 is not applicable to the Project. Cultural Heritage There are no reported protected archaeological or heritage sites within 500 meters radius of the Project. Based on the rapid survey undertaken by ERM, it is observed that there are no sites of archaeological and historical importance in proximity to the site. While certain temples and religious structures, they are not expected to be impacted, due to the project maintaining a minimum distance from any structure. Since no cultural heritage will be affected by the project activities, PS 8 is not applicable to the project and related aspects have been scoped out.
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ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF A 252 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL BASELINE MW WIND POWER PROJECT IN THOOTHUKUDI DISTRICT OF TAMIL NADU Final Report
5. ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL BASELINE
Baseline refers to the physical, biological, cultural and human conditions that will prevail in the absence of the Project, including interactions amongst them. Establishing baseline helps in understanding the prevailing environmental, ecological and socio-economic status of the study area. It provides requisite information of the biophysical and social environment for decision makers to take appropriate measures regarding the project.
This section establishes the baseline environmental, ecological and socio-economic status of the proposed wind farm site and surrounding area to provide a context within which the impacts of the proposed wind farm project are to be assessed.
5.1 Study Area
The study area considered for ESIA, include an area within 5 km radius from farthest of WTGs. The study area of 5 km has been selected based on the location of Project site and its footprint, nature and spatial distribution of potential social and environmental impacts (based on similar type of projects).
5.1.1 Project Footprint Area The Project Footprint is the area that may reasonably be expected to be physically touched by Project activities, across all phases. Physically, there is no demarcation or fencing for the Project Site boundary and hence it is contiguous with the rest of the area. The Project Footprint for Project includes land used for the erection of WTGs, substation, storage of materials, site office, access roads, and internal and external transmission lines.
5.1.2 Project Area of Influence The effects of the Project and Project activities on a particular resource or receptor will have spatial (distance) and temporal (time) dimensions, the scale of which is dependent on a number of factors. These factors are incorporated in the definition of the Project’s Area of Influence (AoI). The AoI considered for the existing Project with respect to the environmental and social resources was based on the following reach of impacts:
41. Environmental parameters: Project site boundary, immediate vicinity, Access road and surroundings, i.e. a study area of approximately 2 km (hereafter referred to as the AoI) distance from project line has been used to depict these parameters; - Water impact area: Typically 1 and 2 km from operations. - Land environment: The impacts on soil and land- typically up to 100 m from project foot print area;
42. Ecological Environment (Terrestrial and Aquatic): This includes: (a) the direct footprint of the project comprising the wind farm; (b) The areas immediately adjacent to the project footprint within which a zone of ecological disturbance is created through increased dust, human presence and project related activities (e.g., trampling, transportation activities);
43. Social and Cultural: The project footprint is spread across 30 villages which lie within the study area of 2 km. This is taken as the area of influence, as social impacts largely remained confined to these villages.
5.1.3 Core and Buffer Zone This study area is in turn, divided into a core and buffer zone. The project AOI consists of the core zone which is the area within 500 m radius of a particular WTG. The buffer zones are the areas which
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ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF A 252 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL BASELINE MW WIND POWER PROJECT IN THOOTHUKUDI DISTRICT OF TAMIL NADU Final Report are within 2 km (for environment and social impacts) and 5 km (for ecological impacts) radius of the WTGs. This division of the AoI into two zones is based on the understanding that the majority of the impacts from the project (during the mobilization, construction, operations and decommission phase) would be contained within a 500 m radius from the Project Footprint in terms of spread and intensity, with the buffer zone appearing to have limited interaction with the Project.
Figure 5.1 Study Area Map
Note: Enhanced version of the above showcased map has been presented Appendix F.
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ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF A 252 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL BASELINE MW WIND POWER PROJECT IN THOOTHUKUDI DISTRICT OF TAMIL NADU Final Report
5.2 Environmental Baseline Findings
5.2.1 Land Use and Land Cover The land use for the WTG locations was primarily private agricultural land being used for cultivation of cereals (Rice, Sorghum, Pearl Millet, Maize, Foxtail millet and other millets), pulses (Bengalgram, Redgram, Greengram, Blackgram, Horsegram) and fruits (primarily Bananas). It was also observed that the land for the wind power project was being used as grazing land for livestock. Furthermore, there were certain land parcels which, while reported to be private land, were not used for agriculture. These land parcels were primarily characterised by undergrowth and shrubs and grazing was also observed on these lands. Settlements were also observed within the Project Area. Figure 5.2 and Table 5-1 showcase the land use within the Project AoI.
Table 5-1 Land use break-up of the project area of influence for the 252 MW Project
Land Use Category Area in Square Kilometre Percentage
Agriculture Land 317 71.96
Settlements 7.62 1.73
Open Scrub Land 91.72 20.82
River 4.57 1.04
Waterbody 16.67 3.78
Reserve Forest 2.94 0.67
Total 440.54 Sq. Km
5.2.2 Local Topographical Features The Project Area is characterised by low lying land that is generally flat with gradual undulations which is reflected in the elevation profile which ranges from 38 m to 73 m above mean sea level (amsl). The project was devoid of hilly terrain and was confirmed by review of the satellite data. The topographical conditions at the site was also observed to retain water that would be collected during the monsoon months (October, November and December).
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ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF A 252 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL BASELINE MW WIND POWER PROJECT IN THOOTHUKUDI DISTRICT OF TAMIL NADU Final Report
Figure 5.2 Land Use Map of the Project AoI
Note: Enhanced version of the above showcased map has been presented Appendix F.
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ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF A 252 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL BASELINE MW WIND POWER PROJECT IN THOOTHUKUDI DISTRICT OF TAMIL NADU Final Report
Figure 5.3 Contour Map of Project AoI
Note: Enhanced version of the above showcased map has been presented Appendix F.
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ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF A 252 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL BASELINE MW WIND POWER PROJECT IN THOOTHUKUDI DISTRICT OF TAMIL NADU Final Report
5.2.3 Geology and Hydrogeology Thoothukudi district is characterised by the presence of hard (73%) and sedimentary (27%) rock. Charnockite, Gneiss, Granite, Limestone, Sandstone, Alluvium, Sandy silt and Marine deposit are a part of the geological formation of Thoothukudi district. The hydrogeological conditions of Thoothukudi district is as provided in Table 5-2.
Table 5-2 Hydrogeology of Thoothukudi district
Type of Aquifer Unconsolidated to Semi consolidated conditions Aquifer parameters Hard Rock Alluvial Well yield in lpm 45-135 315-1080 Transmissivity (T) m2/day 15-60 210-1500 Permeability (K) m/day 1-3 19-48 Depth of Water Level 5 m to 20 m
Source: Tamil Nadu Water Supply and Drainage Board. Link: http://www.twadboard.gov.in/twad/thoothukudi_dist.aspx The district is underlain by both porous and fissured formations. The important aquifer systems in the district are constituted by a) unconsolidated & semi consolidated formations and b) weathered and fractured crystalline rocks. Some of the salient features of the geological formations in Thoothukudi district are as follows:
Ilmenite-garnet It occurs at the mouth of Vaippar and Kallar rivers. They extend over a length of sand 3.2 to 48 km and a width of 122m. Red garnet sands occur between the south of Ovari and Mavaladi. The proportion of garnet is 75% in the rich Kodambakkam Tank, Tiruchendur Taluk. Concentration of heavy minerals has also been reported from Ovari-Mavaladi-Athangarai breaches.
Lime Shell Lime Shell with 50-55% CaO is known from the Coastal tracks of Thoothukudi and Srivaikundam Taluks.
Gypsum and Gypsum associated with Kankar has been reported from a few localities. Gypsum Salt is a by-product in the salt pans, located along the East Coast between Veppalodai and Ayyanapuram.
Mica ENE of Kovilpatti, Pegmatite shows incidence of mica. The limestone is available in areas such as Arasur in Sattankulam Taluk, Semma Pudur in Ettaiyapuram Taluk, Usilankulam in Kovilpatti Taluk, Sivalarpatti, Meenakshipuram, and K.Kumarareddiyarpuram in Vilathikulam Taluk. Kankar deposit is available in Maniyakkaranpatti, Vilathikulam Taluk in Thoothukudi District.
Minor Minerals Rough stone, Jelly, Sand, Gravel, Clay, Earth and Granite are the minor minerals and leases are granted for quarrying of the said minerals in Thoothukudi District.
5.2.4 Hydrology and Drainage Pattern Thoothukudi district is one of the coastal Districts of Tamil Nadu. The drainage network in the District is constituted by the rivers originating in Western Ghats and Tamil Nadu uplands and flowing towards the Bay of Bengal. Few streams originate in the hillocks within the district and confluences directly with the sea. Vaippar and Karamaniyar are the major rivers draining the area which are ephemeral in nature. Tamiraparani is the major and perennial river in the district with a mature stage of
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1 Source: Tamil Nadu Water Supply and Drainage Board. Link: http://www.twadboard.gov.in/twad/thoothukudi_dist.aspx 2 Headwater streams are the smaller tributaries that carry water from the upper reaches of the watershed to the main channel of the river. They are rarely named and are often so small that it takes little effort to jump across them.
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Figure 5.4 Hydrology and Drainage Pattern of the Project AoI
Note: Enhanced version of the above showcased map has been presented Appendix F.
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5.2.5 Climate and Meteorology The climate of this region is classified as hot tropical climate. High relative humidity prevails throughout the year, it varies between 60% and 75%. The annual mean minimum and maximum temperature are 23°C and 33°C respectively.
5.2.5.1 Temperature The annual mean minimum and maximum temperatures are 23.78°C and 33.95°C respectively. At an average temperature of 31.6 °C, May is the hottest month of the year. In January, the average temperature is 26.5 °C. It is the lowest average temperature of the whole year.
5.2.5.2 Rainfall The district receives rain under the influence of both southwest and northeast monsoons. The northeast monsoon primarily contribute to the rainfall in the district. Most of the precipitation occurs in the form of cyclonic storms caused due to the depressions in Bay of Bengal. The southwest monsoon rainfall is highly erratic and summer rains are negligible. The normal annual rainfall over the district varies from about 570 mm to 740 mm. It is the minimum around Arasadi (577.4 mm) and Thoothukudi (582.8 mm) in the central eastern part of the district. It gradually increases towards south, west and north and attains a maximum around Kayattar (722.5 mm) and Kovilpatti (734.8 mm) in the north western part (1).
Figure 5.5 Average annual rainfall, Thoothukudi
900 825.2 804.6 800
700 629.5 600 514.6 500 419.6 410.8 400
300 212.03 200
100
0 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017
Average Annual Rainfall in mm
Table 5-3 Details of Average Rainfall, Thoothukudi
Details 2015 2016 2017 Expected Annual Rainfall 662.2 mm 662.2 mm 662.2 mm of the District Average Annual Rainfall of 804.6 mm 212.03 514.6 the District
(1) Source: CGWB, Thoothukudi District, 2009. http://www.cgwb.gov.in/District_Profile/TamilNadu/Thoothukudi.pdf
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Details 2015 2016 2017 North East Monsoon 616.25 150.55 No data (October to December) South West Monsoon 60.79 21.19 104.61 (June to September) Summer (March to May) 115.87 35.71 31.33 Winter (Jan and Feb) 11.15 4.59 18.37
Source: Tamil Nadu Water Supply and Drainage Board. Link: http://www.twadboard.gov.in/twad/thoothukudi_dist.aspx
5.2.5.3 Wind Speed As showcased in Figure 5.6, wind speed is highest in the district during the month of January (19 kmph). Wind speed is lowest during the months of April (12.6 kmph) and October (11.7 kmph). The average annual wind speed in Thoothukudi district is 15.4 kmph.
Figure 5.6 Mean Wind Speed, Thoothukudi Mean Wind Speed (kmph) 20 19 18 17.9 16.7 17.1 16.8 16.7 16 15.2 14 14.6 13.4 13.2 12.6 12 11.7 10 8 6 4 2 0 Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Oct
Source: Climatological Normals Table (1961-1990), India Meteorological Department, Government of India
5.2.6 Natural Hazards The Building and Material Council of India (BMTPC) has published hazard maps of India. As per these maps the study area falls under the respective hazard zones as given in Table 5-4. Hazard zonation maps of the state for earthquake, wind/cyclone and flood are presented in Figure 5.7, Figure 5.8 and Figure 5.9 respectively.
Table 5-4 Natural Hazard Details
Characteristics Details Seismic The Project is located in an area that is designated as Zone II that corresponds to MSK VI or less. This zone is a zone of low damage risk. Cyclone The Thoothukudi District is in moderate damage risk zone for winds and cyclone hazards. The probable maximum wind speed is 39-44 m/s in the area. Whereas, probable maximum storm surge varies between 6.0 m on the eastern coast of Kanyakumari to 4.5 m for the northern coast of Thoothukudi. Flood The Project site falls in an area which is not prone to flooding incidents.
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Figure 5.7 Earthquake Hazard Risk Zonation Map
Project Location
Source: Building Material & Technology Promotion Council, Ministry of Housing & Urban Affair, Government of India
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Figure 5.8 Wind and Cyclone Risk Zonation Map
Project Location
Source: Building Material & Technology Promotion Council, Ministry of Housing & Urban Affair, Government of India
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Figure 5.9 Flood Hazard Risk Zonation Map
Project Location
Source: Building Material & Technology Promotion Council, Ministry of Housing & Urban Affair, Government of India
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5.2.7 Water Quality
5.2.7.1 Groundwater Resources Based on data from the Central Ground Water Board, the district are known to utilise ground water for agricultural activities as well as domestic activities, which were confirmed during limited consultations by the ERM team. According to ERM’s assessment and upon observation of data given by Tamil Nadu Water Supply and Drainage Board (TWAD), the turbine locations are likely to fall in Thoothukudi district which is safe. As per the CGWB report for the district, certain areas within the districts have witnessed irregular recharge and salt water ingress have been known to render the water unfit for use, which has been a cause for concern. Climate change variations as well as increased agriculture could exacerbate dependence on ground water thereby contributing further to a deficit.
Table 5-5 Groundwater status of Thoothukudi
Particular Detail
Net Groundwater Availability (MCM) 544.56
Existing Gross Groundwater draft for all users (MCM) 235.36
Stage of Groundwater development (%) 43%
Categorisation of the District Safe
Source: Tamil Nadu Water Supply and Drainage Board. Link: http://www.twadboard.gov.in/twad/thoothukudi_dist.aspx
5.2.7.2 Groundwater Quality Assessment According to CGWB groundwater brochure, ground water in phreatic (1) aquifers in Thoothukudi district, in general, is colourless, odourless and slightly alkaline. The water quality varies with respect to depth of taping. As per a CGWB study conducted in 2009, the following are the major groundwater issues in the district of Thoothukudi:
44. Limited Fresh water availability in sedimentary areas makes the coastal tract vulnerable for water quality changes;
45. Groundwater in alluvial /tertiary aquifer in the eastern part of the district is in hydraulic connection with the sea and hence it is vulnerable for saline water ingress. Groundwater quality assessment was done to understand the baseline water quality (ground water) of the study area. Details of water sampling locations are presented in Table 5-6 and the results of physicochemical characteristics of groundwater samples collected within the study area are presented Table 5-7.
Table 5-6 Details of Water Sampling Locations S. Location Station Geographical Type of Justification Nearest Distance No. Code Location (UTM) Sample for Location WTG and of Sample Direction m E m N of nearest WTG 1 Poovani GW - 818295 976926 Groundwater Represents WTG-28 220 m Village 01 (Bore Water) the ground NW water quality
(1) The phreatic zone, or zone of saturation, is the area in an aquifer, below the water table, in which relatively all pores and fractures are saturated with water.
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S. Location Station Geographical Type of Justification Nearest Distance No. Code Location (UTM) Sample for Location WTG and of Sample Direction m E m N of nearest WTG in the Project area 2 Savalaperi GW - 813937 976692 Groundwater Represents WTG-30 415 m 02 (Well Water) the surface SW water quality in the Project area
The following table provides the results of the ground water quality analysis done for the impact assessment. Within these results, please note the following:
Parameters beyond desired limit; Parameters beyond permissible limit. BDL Baseline Diversion Limit
Table 5-7 Ground Water Quality in the Study Area
S. Parameters Result (Location- Result Desired Permissible Unit No 1) (Location- Limit Limit 2) 1. pH @ 25°C 7.86 7.98 6.5-8.5 No --- Relaxation 2. Colour 1 1 5 15 Hazen 3. Temperature 32.6 29.2 - - ºC 4. Total Dissolved Solids 816 1244 500 2000 mg/L 5. Total Suspended Solids 6.2 7.6 - - mg/L 6. Turbidity BDL [DL-1.0] 1.7 1 5 NTU 7. Total Hardness as CaCO3 536 550 200 600 mg/L 8. Calcium as Ca 132.8 139.2 75 200 mg/L 9. Magnesium as Mg 49.57 49.09 30 100 mg/L 10. Phenolphthalein Alkalinity Nil Nil - - mg/L 11. Total Alkalinity as CaCO3 160 150 200 600 mg/L 12. Chloride as Cl 153.14 163.07 250 1000 mg/L 13. Iron as Fe DL [DL-0.01] BDL [DL- 0.3 No mg/L 0.01] Relaxation 14. Sulphate as SO4 139.40 411.29 200 400 mg/L 15. Nitrate as NO3 BDL [DL-0.1] BDL [DL- 45 No mg/L 0.1] Relaxation 16. Dissolved Oxygen 6.1 6.3 - - 17. Chemical Oxygen Demand BDL[DL:4.0] BDL[DL:4.0] - - mg/L 18. Biochemical Oxygen BDL[DL:2.0] BDL[DL:2.0] - - mg/L Demand - 19. Fluorides F BDL[DL:0.1] BDL[DL:0.1] 1.0 1.5 mg/L 20. Phenolic Compounds BDL[DL:0.1] BDL[DL:0.1] 0.001 0.002 mg/L 21. Total Nitrogen BDL[DL:1.0] BDL[DL:1.0] - - mg/L 22. Oil & Grease BDL[DL:1.0] BDL[DL:1.0] - - mg/L 23. Sodium 238.68 491.34 - - mg/L 24. Potassium 24.21 4.8668 - - mg/L
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S. Parameters Result (Location- Result Desired Permissible Unit No 1) (Location- Limit Limit 2) 25. Phosphate as PO4 BDL [DL-0.05] BDL [DL- - - mg/L 0.05] 26. Total Coliform 130 50 - - MPN/100 ml 27. Faecal Coliform 17 4 - - MPN/100 ml
5.2.7.3 Discussion of Results
46. Groundwater Sampling Location 1: - Total dissolved solids are observed to be beyond the desired limited (816 mg/l) indicating presence of saline water; - Similarly, hardness in groundwater was observed to be beyond the desired limit, therefore limits of insoluble salts such as calcium and magnesium, which effect the hardness in water, were also observed to be beyond the desired limits.
47. Groundwater Sampling Location 2: - Total dissolved solids are observed to be beyond the desired limited (1244 mg/l) indicating presence of saline water. Turbidity is also observed to be beyond the desired limit since the more total suspended solids in the water the murkier it seems, leading to high turbidity; - Similarly, hardness in groundwater was observed to be beyond the desired limit along with limits of insoluble salts such as calcium and magnesium also being beyond desired limits; - Sulphate is observed to be more than the permissible limit in the groundwater, indicating a bitter taste in water that can have a laxative effect on humans and young livestock.
5.2.8 Noise Quality Noise Level was recorded at 3 locations in the study area during the monitoring period. Monitoring was performed over a 24 hour period. The ambient noise monitoring locations for 24 Hour is given in the table below. These locations capture the baseline conditions prevailing at nearest settlements to the WTG locations.
Table 5-8 Details of 24 Hour Ambient Noise Monitoring Location
S.N Location Geographical Distance and Justification of the Coordinates (UTM) Direction w.r.t Sampling Location m E m N Project Site (approx.) 1 Poovani Village 818295 976926 485 m NNE of WTG Monitoring done to get 28 representative samples for 2 Paraikuttam Village 821945 980420 530 m NW of WTG 22 the Project area. 3 Savalaperi Village 813937 976692 548 m SW of WTG 30
Noise monitoring was carried out for 24 hours (one time) during monitoring period. For the locations where 24 hour monitoring has been performed, day time equivalent has been computed from the hourly sound pressure level values measured between 0600 to 2200 hours and night time equivalent has been computed from the hourly sound pressure level values measured between 2200 to 0600 hours.
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5.2.8.1 Noise Assessment Observation The recorded noise levels in the study area are summarized in Table 5-9. The noise monitoring locations are showcased in Figure 5.11.
Table 5-9 Ambient Noise Levels in the Study Area during Monitoring Period (24 Hr monitoring)
S.N Locations Noise level in Leq dB(A) Applicable CPCB o. Standard (dB(A))- Maximum Minimum Average Residential Land-use Day Time Results
1. Poovani Village 59.4 38.0 49.6 55 2. Paraikuttam Village 65.2 49.5 56.2 55 3. Savalaperi Village 65.8 33 52.1 55 Night Time Results
1. Poovani Village 47.9 37.4 44.1 45 2. Paraikuttam Village 59.2 41.9 51.5 45 3. Savalaperi Village 58.1 30.1 44.1 45
Note: Day time is considered from 6 am to 10 pm and night time is considered from 10 pm to 6am. CPCB limits for residential area during daytime and night time are 55dB (A) and 45 dB (A) respectively, commercial area during daytime and night time are 65dB (A) and 55 dB (A) respectively and industrial area during daytime and night time are 75dB (A) and 70 dB (A) respectively. CPCB limits for residential area during daytime and night time are 55dB (A) and 45 dB (A) respectively, commercial area during daytime and night time are 65dB (A) and 55 dB (A) respectively and industrial area during daytime and night time are 75dB (A) and 70 dB (A) respectively.
Discussion of Results
- Daytime average noise levels (Leq day) at the 3 locations within the vicinity of residential areas varied from 49.6 to 56.2 dB (A), whereas night time average noise levels (Leq night) at the 3 locations varied from 44.1 to 51.5 dB (A).
- Highest day time average noise level was recorded at Paraikuttam Village, whereas the lowest level was recorded at Poovani Village.
- Highest night time average noise level was recorded at Paraikuttam as well, whereas the lowest noise level was recorded at Poovani and Savalaperi villages.
- Day time (56.2) and night time (51.5) average noise levels at Paraikuttam village was observed to be exceeding the CPCB limits for residential areas, i.e., 55 dB (A) for daytime and 45 dB (A) for night time.
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Figure 5.10 Monitoring Locations Map
Note: Enhanced version of the above showcased map has been presented Appendix F.
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Figure 5.11 Noise Monitoring Locations a) Poovani Village (Top-Left); b) Paraikuttam Village (Top-Right); and c) Savalaperi Village (Bottom)
Source: ERM Site Visit (August 2018)
5.2.9 Traffic Survey Traffic was recorded at 2 locations (roads) in the study area during the monitoring period. Monitoring was performed over 24 hours on 12th July, 2018. The traffic monitoring locations for 24 Hour were Melapandiyapuram to Varatharajapuram road and Maniyachi to Keelapoovani road. These locations capture the baseline conditions prevailing at access roads to the WTG locations. Table 5-10 represents the observations made during the survey and Figure 5.12 showcases the roads on which the survey was conducted.
Table 5-10 Traffic Survey on the Study Area
Location Buses Trucks Motor Tractors LCV Car/Jeep Auto Vehicles and Trailers Melapandiyapuram to 1 2 134 3 13 11 42 Varatharajapuram Road Varatharajapuram 1 2 121 3 13 14 40 Road to Melapandiyapuram
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Location Buses Trucks Motor Tractors LCV Car/Jeep Auto Vehicles and Trailers Maniyachi to None 2 74 1 5 13 10 Keelapoovani Road Keelapoovani to 1 1 82 None 8 5 9 Maniyachi
Figure 5.12 Traffic Survey Locations; a) Melapandiyapuram-Varatharajapuram (Left); b) Maniyachi-Keelapoovani (Right)
Source: ERM Site Visit (August 2018)
5.3 Ecological Baseline Findings
5.3.1 Objectives of the Ecological Study The ecological surveys were conducted with the following objectives: Flora
48. Identification of sensitive habitats and forest land falling within the determined study areas (Core + Buffer Zones);
49. Classification of flora for any endangered, protected or endemic flora species prevailing in the study area (including wind farm) based on the field surveys; and
50. Identification of areas protected under international conventions, national or local legislation and those recognized nationally and internationally for their ecological, landscape, cultural or other related value. Fauna
51. Identification of fauna (specifically amphibians, reptiles, birds and mammals) based on direct sightings, calls, pug marks, droppings, nests, etc.;
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52. Identification and classification of ay species recognized as threatened (in accordance with International Union for the Conservation of Nature [IUCN] Red List Online Version 2018-2) and according to the schedules of the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972 and as amended; and
53. Identification of areas which are important or sensitive for ecological reasons including their breeding, nesting, foraging, resting, over-wintering areas including wildlife migratory corridors/avian migratory routes.
5.3.2 Habitat Mapping The study area of the wind farm for ecology is as follows:
54. 500m core study area; and
55. 5 km buffer study area. The study area consists of Reserve Forest land, scrub land, agricultural land and seasonal/permanent water bodies. Majority of the water bodies that were identified on the site through a desk-based assessment were visited to determine presence/absence of water. As the ecological survey was undertaken in the last few months prior to the rainy season, most of these water bodies were determined to be dry due to a prolonged dry season with larger water bodies retaining only pockets of shallow water. All the surveyed water bodies are listed in Table 5-11.
Table 5-11 Water bodies surveyed in and around the wind farm site
Name of Water Body Geographical Coordinates Core of Dry or Filled Buffer Ellainayakkanpatti Water Body 8° 43' 51.23" N and 77° 55' 37.87" E Buffer Dry Ramanathapuram Water Body 8° 43' 30.10" N and 77° 55' 48.61" E Buffer Dry Chettimalanpatti Water Body 8° 42' 59.29" N and 77° 56' 6.05" E Buffer Dry Seethakulam Water Body 8° 42' 25.88" N and 77° 55' 37.62" E Buffer Dry Aniiyabaranallur Water Body 8° 41' 42.77" N and 77° 56' 29.94" E Buffer Dry Koram Pallam Kulam Water Body 8° 44' 51.57" N and 78° 4' 59.14" E Outside Filled Buffer Eppodumvenran Lake 9° 1' 51.77" N and 78° 2' 30.80" E Outside Dry Buffer Kurkkuchalai Lake 8° 55' 57.70" N and 78° 5' 14.09" E Outside Dry Buffer Vadantham Water Body 8° 58' 30.34" N and 78° 8' 38.26" E Outside Dry Buffer Kollamparaumbu Water Body 8° 59' 26.11" N and 78° 7' 1.67" E Outside Dry Buffer Milagunatham Water Body 9° 0' 17.70" N and 78° 7' 31.67" E Outside Filled Buffer Athanoor Water Body 9° 1' 9.80" N and 78° 5' 16.94" E Outside Filled Buffer Mela Mangalam Water Body 8° 57' 28.83" N and 77° 57' 43.42" E Core Dry Keelamudiman Water Body 8° 57' 42.74" N and 77° 59' 40.43" E Buffer Dry Vellaram Water Body 8° 58' 7.98" N and 78° 1' 12.87" E Buffer Dry Pudukottai Water Body 8° 55' 34.33" N and 77° 48' 6.20" E Outside Dry Buffer
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Name of Water Body Geographical Coordinates Core of Dry or Filled Buffer Indira Kulam Water Body 8° 52' 10.41" N and 77° 48' 6.86" E Buffer Dry Veppankulam Water Body 8° 53' 23.53" N and 77° 47' 43.89" E Outside Dry Buffer Thalayalnadanthankulam Water 8° 54' 36.57" N and 77° 46' 7.36" E Outside Dry Body Buffer Note: Several water bodies outside the buffer have been described above because the turbine locations have changed after the ERM site visit in July, 2018. Water bodies that were formerly in the core zone have not been identified as outside the buffer due to the shift of turbine locations.
Photo documentation of the habitats has been presented in Figure 5.13.
Figure 5.13 Photo-documentation of habitats
Dried Water Body Source: ERM Site Visit
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5.3.3 Ecological Baseline Methodology
5.3.3.1 Flora Flora found in the region was determined through a combination of online sources of information, Forest Working Plan and primary identification onsite. The vegetation of the region as per Champion and Seth Vegetation Classification, 1968 is Group 6E: Deccan Peninsula. The vegetation classification of the study has been provided in Table 5-12.
Table 5-12 Vegetation classification of the region
Classification Scheme Classification Biogeographical Province of India (1) 6E: Deccan Peninsula – Deccan South Agro Ecological Sub Region (ICAR) (2) Eastern Coastal Plain Agro-Climatic Region (Planning Commission) (3) Southern Plateau and Hills Regions (X) Agro Climatic Zone (NARP) (4) Southern Zone
5.3.3.2 Fauna Faunal species from the study area were recorded based on direct sightings and indirect evidences such as dung, droppings, scats, pugmarks, scratch signs, burrows, nests, etc. Consultations with local communities were carried out to display pictorial representations of species anticipated in the area to confirm whether there have been any recent sightings.
Amphibians Amphibians are often restricted to natural and constructed ponds during the dry seasons. Several water bodies were visited to determine presence of amphibians along the outskirts and on ledges of ponds/wells in the Project area.
Reptiles Reptile presence was determined through the use of Intensive Time Constrained Search Methods (5) (6). The method was adapted for the terrain by targeting rocks and logs located around water bodies or recently dried streams hedges and along the trunks of clumped vegetation.
Avifauna An adapted avifaunal survey method for onshore wind farm assessments was utilized for the purpose of this study (7). The adapted survey method focuses on key habitat features to cover, preferred time
(1) Wildlife Institute of India - ENVIS Centre (2) http://iasri.res.in/agridata//12data%5Cchapter1%5Cdb2012tb1_3.pdf (3) http://iasri.res.in/agridata//12data%5Cchapter1%5Cdb2012tb1_2.pdf (4) http://www.nicra-icar.in/nicrarevised/images/statewiseplans/Gujarat%20(Pdf)/SKDAU,Banasakantha/GUJ%209-Patan%2030.04.2011.pdf (5) Welsh, H.H. jr. 1987. Monitoring herpetofauna in woodlands of north western California and south west Oregon: a comparative strategy. Pp 203-213. In. Multiple - Use Management of California's hardwood resources. T. R. Plumb, N.H. Pillisbury (eds. Gen Tech. Regional Environmental Planning, PSW -100) US Department of Agriculture, Forest Services.
(6) Welsh, H.H. Jr. and Lind, A. 1991. The structure of the herpetofaunal assemblage in the Douglass-fir/hardwood forests of northwestern California and south western Oregon. Pp: 395-411.In: Wildlife and vegetation of unmanaged Douglas-fir forests (Tech. Coords) L.F. Ruggiero, K.B, Aubry, A.B. Carey, and M.H. Huff. Ge. Tech. Rep. PNW-GTR-285. Portland, OR: US Department of Agriculture, Forest Services.
(7) Scottish Natural Heritage (SNH). 2014. Recommended bird survey methods to inform impact assessment of onshore wind farms.
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Mammals Mammal surveys were conducted along motorable roads, near water bodies and in grassy terrain. Individuals were identified through indirect methods such as pellets, tracks, paw marks and scat. Species were then identified using standard literature (2) (3).
5.3.4 Floral Assessment A list of flora found in the forest and scrub habitat around ENGIE wind farm is presented in Table 5-13. Table 5-13 Flora around the ENGIE WInd Farm
S. No. Scientific Name Family Name 1. Dalbergia horrida Fabaceae 2. Dichrostachys cinerea Fabaceae 3. Acacia planifrons Fabaceae 4. Albizzia amara Fabaceae 5. Zizyphus sp. Rhamnaceae 6. Azadarichta indica Meliaceae 7. Dodonea viscosa Sapindaceae 8. Carissa carandus Apocynaceae 9. Pterlobium indicum Fabaceae 10. Euphorbia sp. Euphorbiaceae 11. Acalypha fruticosa Euphorbiaceae 12. Ocimum sanctum Lamiaceae 13. Prosopis juliflora Fabaceae 14. Acacia leucoceploea Mimosaceae 15. Acacia nilotica Mimosaceae 16. Borasus flabelifer Arecaceae 17. Leucaena leucocephala Mimosaceae Source: Forest Working Plan for Thoothukudi Forest Department None of the species identified in the region are endangered, endemic or protected species.
5.3.5 Faunal Assessment A faunal assessment was carried out based on the aforementioned search techniques for each of the target class of fauna – herpetofauna (amphibians and reptiles), avifauna and mammals. The subsequent sections describe the fauna found around the site.
(1) Grimmet, R. Inskipp, C. and Inskipp, T. 2013. Birds of the Indian Subcontinent - Second Edition. Published by Christopher Helm, 49-51 Bedford Square, London. (2) Prater, S.H. 2005. The Book of Indian Animals. Bombay Natural History Society and Oxford University Press - 12th Edition. pp 316 (3) Menon, V. 2003. A field guide to Indian Mammals. Dorling Kindersley (India) Ltd. New Delhi, 201 p
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5.3.5.1 Herpetofauna Five (05) herpetofauna have been determined to be in the 5 km study area. Three species i.e. Oriental Garden Lizard (Calotes versicolor), Indian Chameleon (Chamaeleo zeylanicus) and Indian Skink (Sphenomorphus indicus) was observed during the study. Two of the reported species in the area are protected under the Indian Wildlife Protection Act, 1972 namely Python (Python molurus) and Monitor Lizard (Varanus benghalensis).
Table 5-14 Herpetofauna observed/reported in the 5 km study area
S.N. Common Name Scientific Name IUCN Red List Wildlife Observed/ Categorization Protection Reported (Version 2017- Act 3) Schedule 1. Oriental Garden Lizard Calotes versicolor NE NE Observed 2. Indian Chameleon Chamaeleo zeylanicus LC NE Observed 3. Rat Snake Ptyas mucosa NE II Reported 4. Python Python molurus NE I Reported 5. Indian Skink Sphenomorphus indicus NE NE Observed 6. Monitor Lizard Varanus benghalensis LC I Reported Note: NE = Not Evaluated, NT = Near Threatened, LC = Least Concern, I = Schedule I and II = Schedule II
5.3.5.2 Avifauna A total of 57 bird species were determined from the 5 km study area of the ENGIE wind farm. Forty three (43) of the bird species were observed during the study. Only two of the species were identified to be a winter visitor to the region i.e. Black-winged Stilt (Himantopus himantopus) and Greater Flamingo (Phoenicopterus roseus). Both these migratory species are commonly found during the winter migratory season but some flocks of these species have been observed in India throughout the year. Four species are protected under the Indian Wildlife Protection Act, 1972 namely Black Kite (Milvus migrans), Brahminy Kite (Haliastur indus), Eurasian Spoonbill (Platalea leucorodia) and Indian Peafowl (Pavo cristatus).
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Table 5-15 Avifauna observed/reported in the 5 km study area
S.N. Common Name Scientific Name IUCN Red List Wildlife Migratory Status Observed/ Categorization (Version Protection Act Reported 2017-3) Schedule 1. Common Myna Acridotheres tristis LC IV Resident Observed 2. Common Kingfisher Alcedo atthis LC IV Resident Reported 3. White-breasted Waterhen Amaurornis phoenicurus LC IV Resident Reported 4. Indian Spot-billed Duck Anas poecilorhyncha LC IV Resident Observed 5. Asian Openbill Anastomus oscitans LC IV Resident Observed 6. Oriental Darter Anhinga melanogaster NT IV Resident Reported 7. Great White Egret Ardea alba LC IV Resident Observed 8. Grey Heron Ardea cinerea LC IV Resident Observed 9. Intermediate Egret Ardea intermedia LC IV Resident Observed 10. Purple Heron Ardea purpurea LC IV Resident Reported 11. Indian Pond Heron Ardeola grayii LC IV Resident Observed 12. Cattle Egret Bubulcus ibis LC IV Resident Observed 13. Southern Coucal Centropus sinensis LC IV Resident Observed 14. Pied Kingfisher Ceryle rudis LC IV Resident Reported 15. Little Ringed Plover Charadrius dubius LC IV Resident Observed 16. Common Pigeon Columba livia LC NE Resident Observed 17. Indian Robin Copsychus fulicatus LC IV Resident Observed 18. Indian Roller Coracias benghalensis LC IV Resident Observed 19. House Crow Corvus splendens LC V Resident Observed 20. Black Drongo Dicrurus macrocercus LC IV Resident Observed 21. Little Egret Egretta garzetta LC IV Resident Observed
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S.N. Common Name Scientific Name IUCN Red List Wildlife Migratory Status Observed/ Categorization (Version Protection Act Reported 2017-3) Schedule 22. Ashy-crowned Sparrow Lark Erempoterix griseus LC IV Resident Observed 23. Grey Francolin Francolinus pondicerianus LC IV Resident Observed 24. Eurasian Coot Fulica atra LC IV Resident Observed 25. White-throated Kingfisher Halcyon smyrnensis LC IV Resident Observed 26. Brahminy Kite Haliastur indus LC I Resident Observed 27. Black-winged Stilt Himantopus LC IV Winter Visitor Observed 28. Pheasant-tailed Jacana Hydrophasianus chirurgus LC IV Resident Reported 29. Intermediate Egret Mesophoyx intermedia LC IV Resident Observed 30. Bronze-winged Jacana Metopidius indicus LC IV Resident Reported 31. Little Cormorant Microcarbo niger LC IV Resident Observed 32. Black Kite Milvus migrans LC I Resident Observed 33. White-browed Wagtail Motacilla maderaspatensis LC IV Resident Observed 34. Painted Stork Mycteria leucocephala NT IV Resident Observed 35. Cotton Pygmy-goose Nettapus coromandelianus LC IV Resident Reported 36. Black-crowned Night Heron Nycticorax LC IV Resident Reported 37. House Sparrow Passer domesticus LC IV Resident Observed 38. Indian Peafowl Pavo cristatus LC I Resident Observed 39. Spot-billed Pelican Pelecanus phillippensis NT IV Resident Observed 40. Indian Cormorant Phalacrocorax fuscicollis LC IV Resident Observed 41. Greater Flamingo Phoenicopterus roseus LC IV Winter Visitor Reported 42. Eurasian Spoonbill Platalea leucorodia LC I Resident Observed 43. Glossy Ibis Plegadis falceinellus LC IV Resident Reported 44. Purple Swamphen Porphyrio LC IV Resident Reported
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S.N. Common Name Scientific Name IUCN Red List Wildlife Migratory Status Observed/ Categorization (Version Protection Act Reported 2017-3) Schedule 45. Red-naped Ibis Pseudibis papillosa LC IV Resident Observed 46. Rose-ringed Parakeet Psittacula krameri LC IV Resident Observed 47. Red-vented Bulbul Pycnonotus cafer LC IV Resident Observed 48. Comb Duck Sarkidiornis melanotos LC IV Resident Observed 49. Pied Bushchat Saxicola caprata LC IV Resident Observed 50. Indian Robin Saxicoloides fulicatus LC IV Resident Observed 51. Eurasian Collared Dove Streptopelia decaocto LC IV Resident Observed 52. Laughing Dove Streptopelia senegalensis LC IV Resident Observed 53. Little Grebe Tachybaptus ruficollis LC IV Resident Reported 54. Black-headed Ibis Threskiornis melanocephalus NT IV Resident Observed 55. Jungle Babbler Turdoides striata LC IV Resident Observed 56. Red-wattled Lapwing Vanellus indicus LC IV Resident Observed 57. Yellow-wattled Lapwing Vanellus malabaricus LC IV Resident Reported Note: LC = Least Concern, NT = Near Threatened, IV = Schedule IV, I = Schedule I. All species that have been reported are from a list of species maintained by the Range Forest Officer during bird surveys undertaken in the region
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In discussion with the Range Forest Officer in Ottapidaram and District Forest Officer in Thoothukudi, it is understood that flocking behaviour is observed in the wind farm area primarily consisting of Spot- billed Pelican (Pelecanus phillippensis), Eurasian Spoonbill, Greater Flamingo and Black-winged Stilt. Some mixed flocks of the Spot-billed Pelican, Eurasian Spoonbill and Black-winged Stilt consisting of approximately 300-400 individuals were observed in Milagunatham and Athanoor Water bodies (these water bodies are now outside the buffer region). Photo-documentation of some of the observed avifauna around the ENGIE Thoothukudi Wind Farm is presented in Figure 5.14.
Figure 5.14 Photo-documentation of the observed avifauna
Indian Roller Red Wattled Lapwing Jungle Babbler
Common Myna White-browed Wagtail House Crow
Indian Cormorant Indian RObin Painted Stork
Black-headed Ibis Rose-ringed Parakeet Eurasian Collared Dove
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Eurasian Spoonbill Indian Spot-billed Duck Black-winged Stilt
Spot-billed Pelican Red-naped Ibis Grey Heron
Indian Peafowl Great White Egret Little Ringed Plover
Little Egret
5.3.5.3 Mammals Seven mammal species were observed or reported from the 5 km study area of the ENGIE Toothukudi Wind Farm. Three species were observed during the site visit i.e. Spotted Deer (Axis axis), Common Mongoose (Herpestes edwardsii) and Black-naped Hare (Lepus nigricollis). One of the species determined from the study area is protected under the Indian Wildlife Protection Act, 1972 namely Blackbuck (Antilope cervicapra). One species is threatened under the latest IUCN red list i.e. Sambar (Cervus unicolor).
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Table 5-16 Mammals observed/reported in the 5 km study area
S. Common Name Scientific Name IUCN Red Wildlife Observed/ N. List Protection Reported Categorizatio Act n Version Schedule 2018-2) 1. Spotted Deer Axis LC III Observed 2. Blackbuck Antilope cervicapra LC I Reported 3. Sambar Cervus unicolor VU III Reported 4. Jungle Cat Felis chaus LC II Reported 5. Common Mongoose Herpestes edwardsii LC II Observed 6. Black-naped Hare Lepus nigricollis LC IV Observed 7. Indian Flying Fox Pteropus giganteus LC V Reported
Bat roosting colonies were reported from the surrounding region in the forested areas around Vallanadu Wildlife Sanctuary but the same could not be confirmed through an observation of the exact roosting site. The reported bat roosting colonies were outside the study area i.e. 5 km from the wind turbine generators. Photo-documentation of the observed mammals around the ENGIE Thoothukudi Wind Farm is presented in Figure 5.15.
Figure 5.15 Photo-documentation of mammals
5.3.6 Ecologically Sensitive Areas The Project site is located within 10 km of two wildlife sanctuaries. The Gangaikondon Wildlife Sanctuary is located approximately 6.3 km from the nearest wind turbine. The Vallanadu Wildlife Sanctuary is located approximately 1.5 km from the closest wind turbine. The figure showing both
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ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF A 252 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL BASELINE MW WIND POWER PROJECT IN THOOTHUKUDI DISTRICT OF TAMIL NADU Final Report sanctuaries and their distance from the wind farm is presented in Box 5.1. The details of Gangaikondon Wildlife Sanctuary is presented in Box 5.2 and the details of the Vallanadu Wildlife Sanctuary is provided in Figure 5.16.
Box 5.1 Gangaikondon Wildlife Sanctuary
The Gangaikondan Wildlife Sanctuary was established in May 2013 and spans an area of 2.88 km2. The sanctuary consists of scrub land dominated by Prosopis and Acacia species. The sanctuary has been designated for the support of the Spotted Deer (Axis axis), as the Gangaikondan area has an important local population that is outside the Western Ghats. The sanctuary is surrounded by development with the adjacent national highway and several agricultural fields surrounding the boundaries. No ESZ has been declared around the sanctuary till date. Source: https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/tamil-nadu/state-gets-exclusive-sanctuary-for-spotted- deer/article5214899.ece and Discussions with the Range Forest Officer
Box 5.2 Vallanadu Wildlife Sanctuary
The Vallanadu Wildlife Sanctuary is the southern-most habitat for the Blackbuck (Antilope cervicapra) and was designated in September 1987. The sanctuary consists of 1641.21 Ha of Reserve Forest land and is an isolated hillock that is abutted by the National Highway to the north and several agricultural lands in all directions. Blackbucks are protected species in India and require open grasslands and intermittent tall grasses or bushes. The sanctuary supports approximately 75 individuals along with several other species of birds and other mammals (including the jungle cat, hare and mongoose).
A draft ESZ notification for the sanctuary has been released in June 2018 identifying an ESZ of 0 to 2 km as shown below:
Source: Vallanadu Wildlife Sanctuary Tourism Flyer and Draft ESZ Notification for Vallanadu Wildlife Sanctuary
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Figure 5.16 Proximity of wind farm to ecologically sensitive areas
Source: Google Earth Imagery
5.3.7 Migratory Routes Migratory birds fly from Europe and Northern Asia to India for the winter season. The migratory pathway known as the Central Asian Flyway has been presented in Figure 5.17. Several areas across India are important rest stops for migratory bird species as shown in the figure. There are no designated rest stops as identified by BirdLife International near the Project site but in discussion with the Range Forest Officer, the early winter season (October-December) around the Project site is important for migratory bird activity. As the eastern coast of Tamil Nadu receives significant rains from the northeast monsoon (September-October), the seasonal water bodies around the Project site are filled up and support several migratory bird species. The type of species identified by the Range Forest Officer include ducks (Anas spp.), sandpipers (Tringa spp.) and flamingos (Phoenicopterus spp.).
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Figure 5.17 Central Asian Flyway
5.4 Social Baseline
This section provides an understanding of the administrative set up of the district, the demographic profile of the villages in the study area, the social groups present, the land use pattern in the area, the livelihood profile of the community, the common property resources, the social and physical infrastructure available in terms of the education and health infrastructure, the water supply for irrigation and drinking purposes, sanitation facilities and connectivity. This is to provide a basic understanding of the socio-economic setting of the area and allow for the identification of areas/attributes which may require in depth analysis through the need assessment during the later stages of the project life cycle. In keeping with the nature of the project and its potential impacts on the local community, the social baseline for the study area has been described on the basis of the visual observations made during the site visit, stakeholder consultations undertaken and secondary information available in the public domain. No quantitative primary data has been collected for the impact assessment. The Section 1.3 provides an understanding of the methodology followed
5.4.1 Study Area Profile
Table 5-17 List of Villages in Study Area
Core (500m) Buffer (2km)
Chekkarakkudi Achangulam
kolamparambu Ackanaickenpatti
Melapoovani Alanda
Salanayakkanpatti Araikkulam
Araikkulam Paracheri
Chettiurani
Chokkanathapuram
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Core (500m) Buffer (2km)
Deivaseyalpuram
Dalavaypuram
Duraiswamipuram
Jumbulingapuram
K Thalavaipuram
Kailasapuram
Kalangarai
Kaliyavur
Kasilingapuram
Keelapoovani
Kodiankulam
Kombukkaranattam
Kompady
Kulasekaranallur
Kumara Ettaiyapuram
Kuppanapuram
Kuthiraikulam
Maharajapuram
Maniyachi
Marudanvalvoonaraikinar
Marugaltali
Mela Mangalam
Melapandiyapuram
Muramban
Naraikinar Pudur
Osanoothu
Ottanatham
Ottudanpatti
P. Duaraiswamipuram
Pacheri
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Core (500m) Buffer (2km)
Paraikuttam
Parakkad
Pottalurani
Puliayam patti
S. Kailasapuram
Sangampatti
Saravanapuram
Savarimangalam
Savlapperi
Shanmugapuram
Sillankulam
Singathakurichi
Sivalarpatti
Ulakkudi
Umarikottai
Vadakku Kariseri
Vallakkulam
Vellaikovil Dalavaypuram
Vittilapuram
5.4.2 Demographic Profile The 2 km radius for the study area is characterized by 60 villages/settlements. The following table provide the demographic profile of the villages for whom the Census of India 2011 data is available.
Table 5-18 Demographic Profile
Village Name Total area (in Total Total Population Pop Sex SC ST sq.km) Households of Village Density ratio % % Kolamparambu 9.39 237 839 89.33 1027 16 0
Kumara 11.14 488 1749 157.05 994 32 0 Ettayapuram Sevalapperi 7.19 403 1511 210.11 1017 1 0
Achangulam 7.88 453 1682 213.50 986 52 0
Kuppanapuram 9.42 268 1046 111.06 1008 4 0.4 8
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Village Name Total area (in Total Total Population Pop Sex SC ST sq.km) Households of Village Density ratio % % Sivalarpatti 14.91 685 2430 162.99 987 18 0
Kudiraikulam 11.68 343 1206 103.29 881 25 0
Kumara 8.77 179 518 59.05 1114 5 0 Ettaiyapuram Araikkulam 7.90 203 713 90.22 948 69 0
D.Duraiswamipur 10.79 331 1207 111.83 937 39 0 am Kulasekaranallur 15.42 831 3187 206.73 1015 78 0
Muramban 14.07 210 696 49.46 1059 68 0
Marudanvalvoon 16.14 660 2269 140.61 1072 76 0 araikinar Kodiyankulam 5.35 331 1224 228.81 965 85 0
Ackanaickenpatti 11.52 835 3146 273.14 1078 75 0
Maniyachi 14.44 412 1410 97.67 972 60 0
Paraikuttam 8.73 65 203 23.25 1115 3 0
Savarimangalam 21.53 660 2201 102.23 994 26 0
Jambulingapura 10.36 589 2036 196.53 1022 39 0 m Umarikottai 25.54 506 1838 71.97 1033 33 0
Dalvaypuram 5.69 370 1287 226.36 935 40 0
Alanda 12.61 680 2513 199.29 1018 88 0
Vadakkukariseri 16.76 341 1189 70.92 1064 56 0
Singathakurichi 22.71 742 2624 115.56 1037 45 0
Ulakkudi 5.59 189 759 135.85 1035 98 0
Kaliyavur 9.99 608 2378 237.98 1029 11 0
Deivaseyalpuram 4.63 231 819 176.99 941 14 0.3 7 Vallakulam 25.04 865 3313 132.33 1110 16 0.2 1 Total 345.17 12715 45993 133.25 1018 45 0.0 3
Source: Census of India 2011 As can be seen from the above table, the villages in the study area have a total population of 45993 individuals and 12715 households. The average population density is 13.25 individuals per sq. km while the average household size is 3.62 individuals per household. The study area is characterized by an adult sex ratio of 1022 females per thousand males, while the child sex ratio (0-6 years) is significantly lower across the villages at 976 females per thousand males. Of the 28 villages, only 10 villages (Kolamparambu, Achangulam, Kumara Ettayapuram, Kulasekaranallur, Marudanvalvoonaraikinar, Savarimangalam, Dalvaypuram, Vadakkukariseri, Singathakurichi and Ulakkudi) had an improved sex ratio in the age group 0-6 years. This is understood to be primarily a result of a general preference amongst the community for male children. The study area is characterised by a patriarchal society, with men holding the political, economic and social power in
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ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF A 252 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL BASELINE MW WIND POWER PROJECT IN THOOTHUKUDI DISTRICT OF TAMIL NADU Final Report the society. The head of the household are mostly the eldest male members of the family, with most of the decision making being shared by them and the adult sons.
Figure 5.18 Sex Ratio across the Study Area
Source: Census of India 2011 The study area is characterised by a dominance of groups belonging to the Hindu religion. The area has a negligible presence of Scheduled Tribe (ST) groups (0.03% approx.) and approx. 45% of the population is characterised as Scheduled Caste (SC) groups. While Ulakkudi has the highest
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ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF A 252 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL BASELINE MW WIND POWER PROJECT IN THOOTHUKUDI DISTRICT OF TAMIL NADU Final Report proportion of SC population (98%), only 3 villages (Kuppanapuram, Deivaseyalpuram and Vallakulam) have a ST population.
5.4.3 Education and literacy The following table provides the summary of the literacy levels in the study area.
Figure 5.19 Literacy Levels in Study Area
Source: Census of India 2011 The total literacy rate in the study area is 80.82%. Of this, the villages Muramban (98.4%) and Ottainatham (90.79%) have a literacy rate of more than 90%. However, in terms of access to educational infrastructure, only two villages (Alanda and Savarimangalam) has access to a senior secondary school. While all have access to a primary school, only 3 have access to a secondary school, while 15 have a middle school.
Figure 5.20 Access to Educational Infrastructure Village Name Govt Pre-Primary School Private Pre - Primary School Govt Primary School Private Primary School Govt Middle School Private Middle School Govt Secondary School Private Secondary School Govt Senior Secondary School Private Senior Secondary School
Kolamparambu Yes No No Yes No Yes No No No No
Kumara Ettayapuram Yes No Yes Yes No No No No No No
Sevalapperi Yes No Yes Yes No No No No No No
Achangulam Yes No Yes Yes No No No No No No
Kuppanapuram Yes No Yes No No No No No No No
Sivalarpatti Yes No Yes No Yes No No No No No
Kudiraikulam Yes No Yes Yes No No No No No No
Kumara Ettaiyapuram Yes No No Yes No No No No No No
Araikkulam Yes No Yes No Yes No No No No No
D.Duraiswamipuram Yes No Yes No Yes No No No No No
Kulasekaranallur Yes No Yes Yes Yes Yes No No No No
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ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF A 252 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL BASELINE MW WIND POWER PROJECT IN THOOTHUKUDI DISTRICT OF TAMIL NADU Final Report Village Name Govt Pre-Primary School Private Pre - Primary School Govt Primary School Private Primary School School Middle Govt Private Middle School Secondary Govt School Secondary Private School Govt Senior School Secondary Private Senior School Secondary
Muramban Yes No Yes No No No No No No No
Marudanvalvoonaraikinar Yes No Yes Yes Yes Yes No No No No
Kodiyankulam Yes No Yes No No No No No No No
Ackanaickenpatti Yes No Yes No Yes No No No No No
Maniyachi Yes No Yes Yes No No No No No No
Paraikuttam Yes No No Yes No No No No No No
Savarimangalam Yes No No Yes No Yes No Yes No Yes
Jambulingapuram Yes No Yes Yes No No No No No No
Umarikottai Yes No Yes No Yes No No No No No
Dalvaypuram Yes No Yes No No No No No No No
Alanda Yes No Yes No Yes No Yes No Yes No
Vadakkukariseri Yes No Yes Yes No No No No No No
Singathakurichi Yes No Yes No Yes No No No No No
Ulakkudi Yes No Yes No No No No No No No
Kaliyavur Yes No Yes Yes No Yes No No No No
Deivaseyalpuram Yes No Yes No No No No No No No
Vallakulam Yes No Yes No Yes No Yes No No No
Source: Census of India 2011
5.4.4 Land Use This sub section provides an understanding of the land resources in the study area, based on the Census of India land classification. The Section 5.2.1 provides an analysis of the land use classification based on the GIS data available, along with a map of the land use classification of the area.
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ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF A 252 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL BASELINE MW WIND POWER PROJECT IN THOOTHUKUDI DISTRICT OF TAMIL NADU Final Report
Figure 5.21 Land Use Profile in Study Area
Source: Census of India 2011 The dominant land use in the study area is agricultural land, followed by current fallows area and area for non-agricultural uses. Only two villages (Araikkulam and Kaliyavur) have forest area within their boundaries. Of the total agricultural land, 86.33% is irrigated a source. Of the 28 villages, 6 villages (Kuppanapuram, D.Duraiswamipuram, Kodiyankulam, Dalvaypuram, Alanda and Vadakkukariseri) have 100% agricultural land under irrigation. On the other hand, Kaliyavur and Vallakulam have no irrigated land.
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ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF A 252 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL BASELINE MW WIND POWER PROJECT IN THOOTHUKUDI DISTRICT OF TAMIL NADU Final Report
Figure 5.22 Land Use Category Definitions
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Figure 5.23 Status of Irrigation
Source: Census of India 2011 The land for the WTGs is primarily comprised of agricultural land. According to the discussions with the local community and a review of the satellite imagery, while the agricultural land in the AoI is associated with a seasonality of the agricultural cycle, there is no significant variation in the land use in the project footprint.
Common property resources
The Common Property Resources (CPRs) in the study area are primarily of two types, the common grazing land of the villages and the religious structures such as temples. Most of the villages in the study area have small temples within their boundary area. According to the WTG locations available and the review of satellite imagery, none of these structures are expected to be impacted by the project.
5.4.5 Livelihood Profile The study area is characterised by a Worker Participation Ratio of 53.79. Of this, the Male WPR is 61.2 while the Female WPR is 46.54. Amongst the villages, Muramban (70.98) and Kumara Ettaiyapuram (68.34) have the highest WPR. The following figure provides an understanding of the WPR across the villages.
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ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF A 252 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL BASELINE MW WIND POWER PROJECT IN THOOTHUKUDI DISTRICT OF TAMIL NADU Final Report
Figure 5.24 Worker Participation Ratio
Source: Census of India 2011 Of the total working population, 82.65% are reported to be main workers, while 17.35% are reported to be marginal workers. Within the working population, the main source of livelihood is agriculture, with 68% of the main workers in the study area reporting to be engaged as cultivators or agricultural labourers. Apart from this, approx. 30% of the population is also reported to be engaged in other services, which include livelihood sources such as construction labour, casual labour, non-farm based livelihoods etc. of the villages, Kolamparambu is reported to have the highest dependence on the other sector with 61.7% of the main working population reporting dependence on the same.
Figure 5.25 Main Worker Profile
Source: Census of India 2011 Similar trends are reported amongst the marginal workers as well. Of the population reported as marginal workers, 63.41% are reported to be engaged as agricultural labourers, while 29.66% are reported to be engaged in the other category. The following figure provides an understanding of the marginal worker profile in the study area.
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ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF A 252 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL BASELINE MW WIND POWER PROJECT IN THOOTHUKUDI DISTRICT OF TAMIL NADU Final Report
Figure 5.26 Marginal Worker Profile
Source: Census of India 2011 Of the villages, Araikkulam reported a 100% dependence on agricultural labour work for marginal workers, while Achangulam reported ~93% of the marginal working population being engaged in the other sector. The village Ullakkudi did not report any marginal working population. The following sections provide a brief profile of the key livelihood sources in the area
5.4.5.1 Farm Based Livelihoods The ENGIE Thoothukudi Wind Farm is an arid area where agriculture is rain-fed. The crops commonly grown in the district include rice (Oryza rufipogon), black gram (Vigna mungo), green gram (Vigna radiata), ground nut (Arachis hypogaea), sesame (Sesamum indicum), coconut (Cocos nucifera), castor (Ricinus communis) and sunflower (Helianthus annuus). Apart from these, the other main crops reported in the area included potato, cotton and banana. The rice (paddy) and potato cultivate is rain fed while the cotton and banana crops are done by those who have access to good soil and irrigation facilities. According to the discussion with the local community it was understood that due to inadequate rains last year, most of the crop in the area had failed. The government had paid crop compensation of approximately INR 10,000/acre for the areas impacted. Rice cultivation is reported to be primarily for self-consumption. Apart from agriculture, the community was also reported to engage in livestock rearing for livelihood purposes, mostly diary and milk production. Paraikuttam village was reported to have a diary in the village itself. The milk is sold at 25 Rs a litre and is primarily supplied to Tirunelveli and Thootukuddi.
5.4.5.2 Non-Farm Based Livelihoods The non-farm based livelihoods play an important role in the livelihood profile of the villages. According to the community consultations, this is primarily comprised of individuals engaged as labourers in the construction and casual sector. While none of the local community was reported to have been engaged in wind power development, there were reported to be skill sets such as electricians and construction workers available in the area and the same had been engaged in mobile tower construction work.
Mani from Alanda village has worked in other wind power projects in Maharashtra and Gujarat. He has also worked in electrical workers in transmission lines or mobile tower construction. He typically gets INR 40,000 for a mobile tower construction. He has also served as a labour subcontractor for a local Suzlon project. But he reported to have a bad experience in terms of inadequate payment, as the main contractor refused to pay the entire amount promised. He thus stopped working with them,
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ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF A 252 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL BASELINE MW WIND POWER PROJECT IN THOOTHUKUDI DISTRICT OF TAMIL NADU Final Report as otherwise he would have risked damaging his relations with the local community who was working with him as labourers.
The workers in this category also migrate to other districts and states in pursuit of employment. Apart from this, a section of the population (especially youth) are also engaged in driving taxis and autos. Most of the population engaged in non-farm based livelihoods are men, while women are primarily engaged in the fields and livestock rearing.
5.4.6 Physical and Social Infrastructure This sub section provides a profile of the access to physical and social infrastructure in the study area.
5.4.6.1 Water and Sanitation The following table provides an understanding of the sources of water supply in the study area. As can be seen from the below, most of the villages, have access to tap water (treated and un-treated) at the household level or community level. Most of the villages were reported to be dependent upon tube wells or bore wells for water.
Table 5-19 Sources of Water Supply in Study Area
Village Tap Tap Water Covere Uncover Hand Tube River/ Tank/Po Name Water- Untreated d Well ed Well Pump Wells/Bore Canal nd/Lake Treated hole Kolamparam No No No Yes Yes No No Yes bu Kumara Yes Yes No No No No No No Ettayapuram Sevalapperi Yes Yes Yes No Yes Yes No No
Achangulam Yes Yes No No No No No No
Kuppanapura No Yes No No No No No No m Sivalarpatti Yes Yes No No Yes Yes No No
Kudiraikulam Yes Yes No No Yes No No No
Kumara Yes Yes No Yes Yes Yes No No Ettaiyapuram Araikkulam Yes Yes No No No No No No
D.Duraiswam Yes Yes No Yes Yes Yes No No ipuram Kulasekaran Yes Yes No No No Yes No No allur Muramban Yes No Yes No Yes No No Yes
Marudanvalv Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No No oonaraikinar Kodiyankula Yes Yes No Yes Yes Yes No No m Ackanaicken Yes Yes No Yes No Yes No No patti Maniyachi Yes Yes No No Yes No No No
Paraikuttam Yes Yes No No No No No No
Savarimanga Yes Yes No No No No No No lam
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Village Tap Tap Water Covere Uncover Hand Tube River/ Tank/Po Name Water- Untreated d Well ed Well Pump Wells/Bore Canal nd/Lake Treated hole Jambulingap Yes Yes No Yes Yes No No No uram Umarikottai Yes Yes No Yes No No No No
Dalvaypuram Yes Yes No No No No No No
Alanda Yes Yes Yes No No Yes No No
Vadakkukaris Yes No No No No No No No eri Singathakuri Yes Yes Yes No No No No No chi Ulakkudi Yes No No No No Yes No No
Kaliyavur Yes Yes No No Yes No Yes No
Deivaseyalpu Yes Yes No No No No No No ram Vallakulam Yes Yes No No Yes Yes No No
Source: Census of India 2011 Of the 28 villages for which data is available, 23 villages each were reported to have closed and open drainage respectively. Only one village, (Sevalapperi) was reported to not have any drainage facility. Most of the villages were reported to have open pucca drainage systems that are uncovered.
Table 5-20 Drainage Facility in Study Area
Village Closed Open No Open Pucca Drainage Open Pucca Open Name Drainag Drainag Draina Covered with Tiles Drainage Kuccha e e ge Slabs Uncovered Drainage Kolamparam No Yes No No No Yes bu Kumara Yes Yes No No Yes No Ettayapuram Sevalapperi No No Yes No No No
Achangulam Yes Yes No No Yes Yes
Kuppanapur Yes Yes No No Yes No am Sivalarpatti Yes Yes No No Yes No
Kudiraikula Yes Yes No No No Yes m Kumara Yes Yes No No Yes No Ettaiyapura m Araikkulam Yes No No No No No
D.Duraiswa No Yes No No No Yes mipuram Kulasekaran Yes Yes No No Yes Yes allur Muramban Yes No No No No No
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Village Closed Open No Open Pucca Drainage Open Pucca Open Name Drainag Drainag Draina Covered with Tiles Drainage Kuccha e e ge Slabs Uncovered Drainage Marudanval Yes Yes No No Yes No voonaraikina r Kodiyankula Yes Yes No No Yes No m Ackanaicken Yes Yes No No Yes No patti Maniyachi No Yes No No Yes No
Paraikuttam Yes No No No No No
Savarimang Yes Yes No No Yes No alam Jambulingap Yes Yes No No Yes Yes uram Umarikottai Yes Yes No No No Yes
Dalvaypura Yes Yes No No Yes No m Alanda Yes Yes No No No Yes
Vadakkukari Yes Yes No No Yes Yes seri Singathakuri Yes Yes No No Yes Yes chi Ulakkudi Yes No No No No No
Kaliyavur Yes Yes No No Yes Yes
Deivaseyalp Yes Yes No No Yes Yes uram Vallakulam No Yes No No Yes Yes
Source: Census of India 2011
Waste Disposal and Carcass Disposal According to the discussion with the local community, the waste disposal mechanism is through a government sponsored waste collection system, in which the waste is collected from the villages on a regular basis and disposed in the dump sites. In terms of carcass management, the community reported to dispose of carcasses by burying the dead animals in their land. This is reportedly done to avoid scavengers such as dogs gathering in an area and creating safety issues or damaging agricultural fields. No open disposal of carcasses were reported.
5.4.6.2 Health Infrastructure The following table provides an understanding of the access to the health infrastructure in the study area.
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ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF A 252 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL BASELINE MW WIND POWER PROJECT IN THOOTHUKUDI DISTRICT OF TAMIL NADU Final Report
Table 5-21 Health Infrastructure in the Study Area
Village Name Community Primary Primary Maternity Hospital Family Health Health Health Sub And Allopathic Welfare Centre Centre Centre Child Centre Welfare Centre Kolamparambu 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Kumara Ettayapuram 0.00 0.00 1.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Sevalapperi 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Achangulam 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Kuppanapuram 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Sivalarpatti 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Kudiraikulam 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Kumara Ettaiyapuram 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Araikkulam 0.00 0.00 1.00 1.00 0.00 0.00
D.Duraiswamipuram 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Kulasekaranallur 0.00 0.00 1.00 1.00 0.00 0.00
Muramban 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Marudanvalvoonaraikinar 0.00 0.00 1.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Kodiyankulam 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Ackanaickenpatti 0.00 0.00 1.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Maniyachi 0.00 0.00 1.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Paraikuttam 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Savarimangalam 0.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 0.00 1.00
Jambulingapuram 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Umarikottai 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Dalvaypuram 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Alanda 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Vadakkukariseri 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Singathakurichi 0.00 0.00 1.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Ulakkudi 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Kaliyavur 0.00 0.00 1.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Deivaseyalpuram 0.00 0.00 1.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Vallakulam 0.00 0.00 1.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Source: Census of India 2011 As can be seen from the above tale, 11 of the 28 villages reported to having a Primary Health Sub Centre in the village and only 1 reported a Primary Health Centre and Family Welfare Centre. None of the villages reported having access to an Allopathic Hospital in the village boundary.
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ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF A 252 STAKEHOLDER IDENTIFICATION, INFORMATION MW WIND POWER PROJECT IN THOOTHUKUDI DISTRICT OF DISCLOSURE, CONSULTATION AND PARTICIPATION TAMIL NADU Final Report
6. STAKEHOLDER IDENTIFICATION, INFORMATION DISCLOSURE, CONSULTATION AND PARTICIPATION
This section sheds light on the parameters of identification of and engagement with the key stakeholders, in order to assess the impact of the project on them. The stakeholders have been identified as the individuals or institutions which are being affected, since the inception of the project running down to years of operation and are critical in deciding the way the Wind Power project is shaping in the Study area. “Stakeholder Analysis” is understood as the process of identifying the individuals or groups that are likely to affect or be affected by a proposed project, and sorting them according to their impact on the project and the impact the project will have on them. This information is then used to assess the manner in which the interests of the stakeholders will be addressed in the project plan, policy, program, or other action. The importance of such an analysis lies in the role played by this understanding in the assessment of the socio-political environment surrounding the project. It allows for the:
56. Identification of key stakeholders, their primary groupings and sub groupings;
57. Identification of the interests, concerns and potential risks surrounding the stakeholders, as well as conflicts of interests (if any);
58. Identification of relations between stakeholders that may enable "coalitions" of project sponsorship, ownership and co-operation as well as the mechanisms which may have a role in influencing other stakeholders;
59. Key groups/ individuals to be pin pointed who need to be informed about the project;
60. Identifying stakeholders (those who are likely to have an adverse impact on the project) and taking appropriate measures to combat their influence;
61. Identification of the impact and influence of the project on the stakeholders and of the stakeholders on the project;
62. Generation of information essential to the planning, implementation and monitoring of the project; and;
63. Development of a framework for participatory planning and implementation of various project activities.
6.1 Stakeholder Identification and Characterization
A stakeholder is “a person, group, or organization that has a direct or indirect stake in a project/organization because it can affect or be affected by the Project/organization's actions, objectives, and policies”. Stakeholders thus vary in terms of degree of interest, influence and control they have over the project. While those stakeholders who have a direct impact on or are directly impacted by the project are known as Primary Stakeholders, those who have an indirect impact or are indirectly impacted are known as Secondary Stakeholders. Keeping in mind the nature of the project and its setting, the stakeholders have been identified and listed in the table given below.
Table 6-1 Stakeholder Group Categorization
Category Primary Stakeholder Secondary Stakeholder Community ■ Land Owners ■ ■ Local Community ■ Vulnerable Groups ■ Opinion Holders and Community Leaders
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Category Primary Stakeholder Secondary Stakeholder Institutional Stakeholders ■ Local Gram Panchayats ■ Political Parties Government Bodies ■ Regulatory Authorities ■ State Administration ■ District Administration Other Groups ■ Contractors and Sub ■ Media Contractors ■ Other wind power developers ■ Contractual workers and investors
6.2 Stakeholder Mapping
“Stakeholder mapping” is a process of examining the relative influence that different individuals and groups have over a project as well as the influence of the project over them. The purpose of stakeholder mapping is to:
64. Identify each stakeholder group;
65. Study their profile and the nature of the stakes;
66. Understand each group’s specific issues, concerns as well as expectations from the project
67. Gauge their influence on the Project; On the basis of such an understanding, the stakeholders are categorised into High Influence/Priority, Medium Influence/ Priority and Low Influence/Priority. The stakeholder engagement starts in the early stages of the project, and also needs to be included in the impact assessment and risk identification process, and continues across the life cycle of the project. The stakeholder analysis also shapes the stakeholder engagement strategy for the project, and needs to be continuously updated. Stakeholder analysis also helps to integrate the impacts and risk identified in the project designing and during the implementation stages to help company better addresses the associated impacts with the project.
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Table 6-2 Stakeholder Profile and Opinion
Relevant Profile Concern and Expectations Influence of Stakeholder on Influence of Project on Influence Stakeholders from the project Project Stakeholder Rating Primary Stakeholders Land Owners The WTGs are being erected on The key expectations and ■ The influence of the stakeholder ■ The project will Influence of private agricultural land. The land concerns of this group from on the project is primarily in result in the loss of Stakeholder: terms of the willingness of the agricultural land for take for the project will thus result in the project are as follows: land owners to sell the land the land owners and High an impact on the land owners in the ■ Receiving adequate required for the project at a may impact the form of loss of agricultural land and land price for the land reasonable price livelihood of the Influence of impacted family potential impact on livelihood ■ The stakeholder group may Project: High ■ Employment with the have a significant role to play in project, in the form of the public opinion formation labourers or security towards the project. forces ■ Minimal disturbance to the remaining land Local The WTGs are being erected on The expectations and ■ The local community’s ■ The project can Influence of Community private agricultural land and in close concerns of this group from involvement has been reduced prove to be potential Stakeholder: to minimal by the project. employers of the proximity to agricultural fields and the project: ■ The stakeholder consultations people in the area. Low/Medium villages (within the study area) and ■ Receiving benefits from revealed that most of the ■ The need-driven hence the local community forms an the project in terms of villages were aware of the wind CSR activities can Influence of employment and important stakeholder group. energy projects and had a basic help number of Project: development of understanding of the sector and other wind power infrastructure and the its operations. projects already High/Medium There are 7 villages in the study area. community ■ The stakeholder group may exist in the area, the The population residing in the study ■ Steady employment have a significant role to play in project can play a with Wind Projects and area is 19,808 individuals out of the public opinion formation critical role in the timely payment of towards the project. development of the which nearly 21% population belongs wages to the people community through to Scheduled Caste and a mere 6% employed as security economic to Scheduled Tribe. The residents of guards opportunities and ■ Minimal disturbance to Study area will be primary impacted CSR projects in the the community with key areas of women by the project and in turn have a regards to access empowerment, higher probability to affect the project issues, pollution and improving literacy the most. influx of migrant rates in the area; workers measures to reduce
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Relevant Profile Concern and Expectations Influence of Stakeholder on Influence of Project on Influence Stakeholders from the project Project Stakeholder Rating dropout rates from schools, improving health facilities etc. Vulnerable This group comprises of those The key expectations and ■ This group’s influence on the ■ The project may Influence of Groups groups/households considered to be concerns of the group from project stems from the group play a critical role in Stakeholder: being part of a larger the development of vulnerable due to their social, political the project include: community these groups, by Low ■ Receiving benefits from or economic status in society. This identifying specific group in the study area is primarily the project in terms of opportunities and Influence of economic opportunities programmes for the comprised of ST population, women Project: High and development group population and the families below the programmes poverty line. However, based on the ■ Access to the economic understanding of the project and its opportunities and development activities, the vulnerable groups are programmes because not likely to be severely impacted due of their status in the to the project activities. society ■ Minimal disturbance to the community in regards to access issues, pollution and influx of migrant workers Opinion This stakeholder group is comprised The expectations and ■ This group, though powerful ■ These groups due to Influence of Holders and of those individuals of the local concerns of this group from enough to affect the functioning their social status, Stakeholder: of the Wind Power plants in may already have Community community who hold traditional and the project: their vicinity hasn’t been taking access to a number Medium Leaders rational power. These stakeholder ■ Receiving benefits from any concrete steps towards of economic benefits group members include the elders, the project in terms of exercising great control over the from the other wind Influence of employment and project. power projects, and community and political leaders in the Project: development of ■ This stakeholder group may thus may not be village and play a critical role in the infrastructure and the play an important role in the completely Medium decision making in the local community public opinion formation, dependent upon the community ■ Regular updates on the implementation of the CSR Project for access to project activities and activities planned or might development the opportunities from intervene if the salary issue of opportunities the same the security guards remains as erratic.
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Relevant Profile Concern and Expectations Influence of Stakeholder on Influence of Project on Influence Stakeholders from the project Project Stakeholder Rating ■ Minimal disturbance to the community in regards to access issues, pollution, sound of moving Wind Turbines, and influx of migrant workers Local Gram This stakeholder group is comprised The expectations and ■ The wind power projects are not ■ The project can play Influence of Panchayats of the lowest level of local concerns of this group from legally required to obtain a NoC an important role in Stakeholder: from the Gram Panchayats for the development of governance. The gram panchayats the project: setting up the project, however, the villages by High consist of one or more revenue ■ Receiving benefits from this stakeholder group is crucial undertaking CSR villages and are the lowest level of the project in terms of in the smooth functioning of the activities in Influence of employment and project. The involvement of collaboration with decision making bodies for Project: development of Panchayat members has been the Gram development activities in the villages infrastructure kept limited by the Project Panchayat, Medium ■ Implementation of officials but since the process of especially in areas community land procurement is still in where there is a development progress, Panchayat members paucity of programmes in can influence the decision government funds consultation with the making process of the land Gram Panchayat and sellers and the entire the local community community, at large ■ Preference to the local ■ This stakeholder may also play community in contractor an important role in the and employment implementation CSR activities opportunities from the planned and the execution of project other plans such as stakeholder ■ Regular updates on the engagement and grievance project activities and management the opportunities from the same ■ Minimal disturbance to the community in regards to access issues, pollution and influx of migrant workers
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Relevant Profile Concern and Expectations Influence of Stakeholder on Influence of Project on Influence Stakeholders from the project Project Stakeholder Rating Regulatory This stakeholder group is comprised The key expectations and ■ This stakeholder group is also ■ The influence of the Influence of Authorities of the central, state and district level concerns of the group from critical for various project on the Stakeholder: permits/clearances required for stakeholders regulatory authorities. These the project include: the commissioning of the pertains to the role High authorities influence the project in ■ Project’s compliance to project the project will play terms of establishing policy, granting the regulatory ■ The project’s compliance with in the development Influence of requirements of wind energy in permits and approvals for the project, the various rules and Project: Low ■ Timely disclosure of regulations applicable is the area monitoring and enforcing compliance information and instrumental for the timely with the applicable rules and provisioning of updated implementation of the project regulations through the life of the project District This stakeholder group is comprised The key expectations and ■ This stakeholder group is critical The influence of the Influence of Administration of the government bodies at the concerns of the group from for the obtaining of the various project on the Stakeholder: permits/clearances required for district level. These bodies are vested the project include: the commissioning of the stakeholders pertains to High with funds and decision making ■ Project’s compliance to project and its smooth the role the project will authority through the decentralization the regulatory functioning thereafter play in the development Influence of requirements process. Accordingly the ■ This group serves as important of wind energy in the Project: Low ■ Timely disclosure of points of contact between the bureaucracy, the Block Development information and state level authorities and the area Officers, Block Health Officers, provisioning of updates local community Tehsildaar, Patwari, and Revenue throughout the life of the project Officer have become extremely
influential. Contractors This stakeholder group is comprised The primary concerns and ■ this stakeholder group is critical The influence of the Influence of and Sub- of Evergreen, Vestas and others and expectations of the group for the smooth functioning and project on the group Stakeholder: timely implementation of the Contractors agencies/organizations retained by from the project include: project pertains to the role of the High the key contractors for the various ■ the role of the project in ■ this group may also play an project in business stages of the project. continued economic important role in the formation opportunities and the Influence of opportunity and work of public opinion towards the process of contract Project: High generation project ■ avoidance of any closure reputational risks associated with the project due to any future community
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ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF A 252 STAKEHOLDER IDENTIFICATION, INFORMATION MW WIND POWER PROJECT IN THOOTHUKUDI DISTRICT OF DISCLOSURE, CONSULTATION AND PARTICIPATION TAMIL NADU Final Report
Relevant Profile Concern and Expectations Influence of Stakeholder on Influence of Project on Influence Stakeholders from the project Project Stakeholder Rating unrest or project activities ■ clarity in terms of scope of work, expectations, key performance indicators and timelines ■ timely and adequate disclosure of information to allow the project activities to be carried out ■ fair business opportunities and contract closure ■ business continuity Contractual This group is comprised of skilled and The primary concerns and ■ this stakeholder group is critical The influence of the Influence of workers semi-skilled workers, involved in the expectations of the for the smooth functioning and project on the group Stakeholder: timely implementation of the project on a contractual basis. This stakeholder group project pertains to the roles of Medium group is most likely to be comprised pertaining to the project is ■ this group may also play an the project in the of the semi-skilled workers involved as follows: important role in the formation continuance of economic Influence of in the foundation activities, access ■ the role of the project in of public opinion towards the opportunities, timely Project: High project road construction and security of the continued economic payment of wages and opportunity, work WTGs. While the semi-skilled generation and a ensuring the health and workers are likely to be a mix of local source of income safety of the workers and migrant workers, based on the ■ timely settlement of availability of required skills in the dues and payments in keeping with the legal local community, the unskilled requirements workers, should mostly be comprised ■ continued work of local workers opportunities ■ safety at work Secondary Stakeholders
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ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF A 252 STAKEHOLDER IDENTIFICATION, INFORMATION MW WIND POWER PROJECT IN THOOTHUKUDI DISTRICT OF DISCLOSURE, CONSULTATION AND PARTICIPATION TAMIL NADU Final Report
Relevant Profile Concern and Expectations Influence of Stakeholder on Influence of Project on Influence Stakeholders from the project Project Stakeholder Rating Village This stakeholder group is comprised The main concerns and ■ The influence of the group on ■ The influence of the Influence of Institutions of health and education institutions at expectations of the group the project pertains to the role project on the group Stakeholder: of the played by these pertains to the role the village level. The institutions in from the project pertain to: institutions in the opinion of the project in the Low the immediate vicinity of the project ■ Adequacy of formation and implementation of development of are the primary schools in the villages community community development these institutions Influence of development activities programmes and CSR activities in the area Project: ■ Contribution of the Medium project towards the overall development of the area ■ Involvement in the formulation and implementation of the community development activities ■ Timely and adequate disclosure of information pertaining to the project Political Parties This stakeholder group is comprised The key expectations and The influence of this stakeholder The influence of the Influence of of political parties which are active in concerns of the group from group on the project pertains to the project on the group is Stakeholder: the area. this group plays a critical the project include: role of the political parties in the expected to be extremely Low role in the sensitization of the ■ the role of the project in formulation of public opinion towards limited, pertaining to the population and the creation of the the overall development the project role of the project in the Influence of of the area public opinion ■ the impact of the development of the area Project: Low project on the local community ■ adequate community development activities throughout the life of the project ■ Timely disclosure of information pertaining to the project activities
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ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF A 252 STAKEHOLDER IDENTIFICATION, INFORMATION MW WIND POWER PROJECT IN THOOTHUKUDI DISTRICT OF DISCLOSURE, CONSULTATION AND PARTICIPATION TAMIL NADU Final Report
Relevant Profile Concern and Expectations Influence of Stakeholder on Influence of Project on Influence Stakeholders from the project Project Stakeholder Rating State The state administration is comprised The main expectations and This stakeholder group is also The influence of the Influence of Administration of the state level agencies of the concerns of the stakeholder critical for the obtaining of the project on the Stakeholder: various departments/authorities such group from the project various permits/clearances required stakeholders pertains to High as industries department, revenue include: for the commissioning of the project the role the project department, labour department and ■ Compliance to the should play in the Influence of land department etc. regulatory requirements development of wind Project: Low for the project ■ Project’s role in the energy in the state development of the area ■ Timely disclosure of information pertaining to the project activities Media The media, comprising of both print The main expectations and The influence of the stakeholder The influence of the Influence of and visual media, has a significant concerns of the stakeholder group on the project is likely to project on the Stakeholder: presence in the district. They are from the project include: pertain to the opinion formation stakeholder is likely to be Low known to have played an extremely ■ Compliance to the amongst other stakeholders towards extremely limited due to important role in generating regulatory requirements the project the nature of the project Influence of for the project awareness amongst the community. ■ Project’s role in the activities Project: Low development of the area ■ Maintenance of positive relationship with the local community and other stakeholders ■ Timely disclosure of information in regards to the project activities Other Wind This stakeholder group is comprised The main expectations and The influence of the stakeholder The influence of the Influence of Power of companies involved in concerns of the stakeholder group on the project is likely to project on the Stakeholder: Developers and development and financing of wind from the project include: pertain to the development of public stakeholders pertains to Low Investors power projects in the area. This ■ Project’s role in the opinion towards wind power projects the role the project group includes projects such as the development of the in the area should play in the Influence of area and the existing Suzlon project formulation of public development of wind Project: Low
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ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF A 252 STAKEHOLDER IDENTIFICATION, INFORMATION MW WIND POWER PROJECT IN THOOTHUKUDI DISTRICT OF DISCLOSURE, CONSULTATION AND PARTICIPATION TAMIL NADU Final Report
Relevant Profile Concern and Expectations Influence of Stakeholder on Influence of Project on Influence Stakeholders from the project Project Stakeholder Rating opinion towards wind energy in the state and energy the formulation of public ■ The creation of undue expectations from other opinion towards wind projects due to project energy activities
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6.3 Key Feedback received during stakeholder consultations undertaken as part of the ESIA
During the site visit for the ESIA, a number of consultations were undertaken with the local stakeholder groups (refer to Section 1.3). Consultations were undertaken mainly to obtain an understanding of the existing social profile of the area, issues faced by the community and any future/planned developments that may impact the Project. During consultations with the stakeholder, the following key feedback was provided:
68. Perception of Wind Energy: according to the local community consultations, the wind energy development in the area is understood to create problems such as health and safety issues, increased movements of vehicles etc. and result in a loss of agricultural land for the local community. However, one of the positives of the wind energy development in the area is the development of all-weather roads, which can then be used by the local community as well.
69. Employment in Wind Energy Projects: while a number of wind power projects have been developed in the area, the local community has not received much employment or economic opportunities from the same. This is primarily because of the wind energy developers typically bring labourers from outside. This is despite the youth in the villages having the requisite skills required, such as those of electricians, construction of mobile towers etc. some of the youth in the villages have even worked in wind energy power development in other districts and states such as Gujarat and Maharashtra
70. Wind Energy projects result in reduction of ground water levels: one of the common perceptions of the wind energy sector amongst the community was that wind turbines dry up the water in the area. This is understood to be resultant from a lack of understanding of wind energy development and the manner in which wind turbines work amongst the local community
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7. IMPACT ASSESSMENT
This section assesses the manner in which the Project will interact with elements of the physical, ecological or social environment to produce impacts to resources/ receptors. It has been organized as per the various phases of the project life cycle to understand the risks and impacts associated with each phase.
7.1 Scope of the Assessment
The scope of the assessment captures the understanding on the envisaged risks and impacts assessed during the scoping exercise of this impact assessment study as well as the risks identified during subsequent physical baseline assessment and impact evaluation process. Based on the Potential Interactions Matrix for Project activities and likely impacted resources/ receptors for construction phase of the proposed project as shown in Table 4-1 following areas of impacts have been identified. The identified interactions that are likely to result in significant impacts has been shown in Table 4-2 have been discussed in detail in this chapter and the scoped out interactions as shown in Table 4-3 have been left out with the justifications provided there in or discussed very briefly. The key environmental and social issues and risks identified are further elaborated in the following sections.
7.2 Key Environmental Impacts
7.2.1 Change in Land Use For the purpose of assessment of impacts on land use of the area, the following Project activities leading to alteration in land use of the area during the Project life cycle were considered:
71. Construction of temporary structures such as construction site office, store yard, batching plant;
72. Construction/ upgradation of access roads;
73. Vehicular movement for transportation of WTG components and construction materials;
74. Movement of construction equipment like cranes, excavators, dumpers, trucks; and
75. Erection of WTGs and associated transformer yard and permanent site office.
7.2.1.1 Criteria For the assessment of land use, the sensitivity and magnitude criteria outlined in Table 7-1 and Table 7-2 have been used respectively.
Table 7-1 Sensitivity Assessment Criteria for Land Use
Land Use Sensitivity Criteria Low The Project footprint is present in wasteland with no human settlement Medium The Project is present in agricultural land or combination of agricultural land and wasteland or residential land. High The Project is present in any forest land, or national park or of national Importance covered by international and/or national designation.
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Table 7-2 Criteria for Impact Magnitude for Assessment of Impact to Land Use
Magnitude Criteria Negligible An imperceptible, barely or rarely perceptible change in land use characteristics. The change may be short term. Small A subtle change in land use character over a wide area of a more noticeable change either over a restricted area or infrequently perceived. The change may be short term. Medium A noticeable change in land use character, frequently perceived or continuous and over a wide area; or a clearly evident change over a Restricted area that may be infrequently perceived. The change may be medium to long term and may not be reversible. Large A clearly evident, frequently perceived and continuous change in land use characteristics affecting an extensive area. The change may be long term and would not be reversible.
7.2.1.2 Context The project activities which may alter the land use of the area during the project life cycle for over a period of time are given below:
Table 7-3 Periodic Alteration of Land Use
SN. Activity Duration 1 Siting of site office, labor camp, batching plant, storage yard Temporary (10-12 months) 2 Access road construction/strengthening and its consequent Permanent usage 4 WTG erection, PSS, transmission towers with transmission Permanent lines
As the land procurement and planning of construction is executed prior to construction activity, the amount of land where land use pattern will be affected is known beforehand and mostly will be change across the lifecycle of the project. As a result impact assessment of land use change has been carried out for the entire Project life cycle and has not been performed separately for construction and operation phases.
7.2.1.3 Embedded/In-built Control The impacts during the construction activity will be short term and the construction of the Project will be executed in a phased manner (approximately 10 -12 months). Additionally, the contractors will be instructed to avoid any unnecessary disturbance to nearby surrounding features or land parcels. Further, construction activities and land disturbance will be restricted to the footprint of the Project components and remaining area to be kept undisturbed to the extent possible. After completion of the construction work, areas utilised for labour camp and batching plant will be restored to their original form.
7.2.1.4 Significance of Impact The main land use for the WTG locations is primarily private land being used for cultivation of cereals, pulses and fruits (primarily Bananas), and as grazing land for livestock, therefore the land resource sensitivity is assessed to be medium. Furthermore, there were certain land parcels that were primarily characterised by undergrowth and shrubs, therefore development of the project will require clearance of vegetation. The impact magnitude is assessed as medium based on the spread of the project (1 ha of land per WTG location i.e. 126 ha and 4.04 ha for Pooling Sub-station land. Area
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ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF A 252 IMPACT ASSESSMENT MW WIND POWER PROJECT IN THOOTHUKUDI DISTRICT OF TAMIL NADU Final Report requirement of roads were not provided during the site visit). As a result, the impact significance is assessed to be moderate. Based on the above, after incorporating embedded/in-built control the residual impact magnitude is assessed to be small to minor and the residual impact significance is assessed to be minor.
7.2.1.5 Additional Mitigation Measures The following mitigation measures shall be implemented to minimize potential impacts on land use:
76. Construction activities should be restricted to designated area;
77. Laborers should be trained not to disturb flora around the construction site;
78. Waste should not be allowed to litter in and around the project area;
79. On completion of construction activities, land used for temporary facilities shall be restored to the extent possible;
80. The land use in and around the permanent project facilities shall not be disturbed.
7.2.1.6 Residual Impact Significance The evaluation of significance is done for the activities that can have an impact on land use that can be identified at planning stage and consequently adequate mitigation measures can be adopted. The impact on land use is majorly envisaged during construction stage and since most of the land take will be used for the development of the WTGs the land use change will be permanent.
Table 7-4 Impact on land use as a result of the Project
Impact Change in Land use during construction Impact Nature Negative Positive Neutral Impact Type Direct Indirect Induced Impact Duration Temporary Short-term Long-term Permanent Impact Extent Local Regional International Impact Scale Limited to WTG footprint and associated facilities Impact Magnitude Positive Negligible Small Medium Large Resource /Receptor Low Medium High Sensitivity Negligible Minor Moderate Major Impact Significance Significance of impact is considered moderate. Residual Impact Positive Negligible Small Medium Large Magnitude
Residual Impact Negligible Minor Moderate Major Significance Significance of impact is considered minor.
7.2.2 Impact on Land and Soil Environment
For the impact assessment, following phases of the project cycle were considered for potential impacts on soil and land capability. The phase wise project activities are listed below that may result in land and soil impacts:
Construction Phase
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81. Establishment of access roads;
82. Selective clearing of vegetation in areas designated for WTG erection and other surface infrastructure;
83. Stripping and stockpiling of soil layers;
84. Digging for WTG foundations and electrical poles;
85. Storage of materials as well as transport of construction material; and
86. General building/construction activities. Operation Phase
87. Monitoring of WTG operations;
88. Routine maintenance activities at WTG locations;
89. Storage of oil and lubricants onsite. Decommissioning Phase
90. Removal of WTGs;
91. Removal of infrastructure from soil surfaces; and
92. Increased traffic on roads to transport dismantled WTG components and waste materials.
Soil Quality Criteria For the assessment of soil quality, the sensitivity and magnitude criteria outlined in Table 7-5 and Table 7-6 respectively have been used.
Table 7-5 Sensitivity Assessment Criteria for Soil quality (compaction, erosion and contamination)
Sensitivity Contributing Criteria Criteria Environment Social Soil Quality The extent to which the soil and quality The extent to which the soil a quality related criteria as plays an ecosystem role in terms of provides a use (agricultural use) to the compaction, supporting biodiversity. This includes its local communities and businesses, or is erosion and role as in supporting a lifecycle stage important in terms of national resource contamination protection objectives, targets and legislation Low ■ The soil quality does not support ■ The soil quality has little or no role in diverse habitat or populations and/or provisioning of services as agricultural supports habitat or population of low uses for the local community. quality. Medium ■ The soil quality supports diverse ■ The soil has local importance in terms habitat or population of flora and of provisioning services as agricultural fauna and supports habitats services but there is ample capacity commonly available in the Project and / or adequate opportunity for AoI. alternative sources of comparable quality i.e. ready availability across the AoI. High ■ The soil quality supports economically ■ The soil is wholly relied upon locally, important or biologically unique with no suitable technically or species or provides essential habitat economically feasible alternatives, or for such species. is important at a regional level for provisioning services.
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Table 7-6 Criteria for Impact Magnitude for Assessment of Impact to Soil
Magnitude Negligible Small Medium Large Criteria Soil compaction, ■ Qualitative- ■ Perceptible ■ Clearly evident ■ Major (e.g. erosion and No change from (e.g. perceptible order of perceptible baseline and readily magnitude) contamination or readily conditions but measurable) change in measurable likely to easily change from comparison to change from revert back to baseline baseline baseline earlier stage conditions conditions conditions with mitigation and/or likely and/or likely ■ Scale- ■ Scale- -Project take time to difficult or may Localized site, activity revert back to not to revert area as areas and earlier stage back to earlier Particular immediate with mitigation stage with activity areas vicinity not ■ Scale- Project mitigation ■ Time-Short impacting any site, activity ■ Scale- duration (few sensitive areas and Regional or days) or one receptor immediate international; time as ■ Short term-Only vicinity ■ Permanent temporary during particular impacting change activities or sensitive phase of the receptor/s project lifecycle ■ Long term- as civil works or Spread across construction several phases phase (few of the project months) lifecycle (few years)
Table 7-7 Impacts on land and soil environment during the project life cycle
SN. Impact Project stage at which the impact may occur
Construction Operation and Decommissioning maintenance 1 Soil Erosion Yes No No 2 Soil Compaction Yes No Yes 3 Impact on Land due Improper Yes Yes Yes waste disposal 4 Soil contamination due to Yes Yes Yes Leaks/spills
The impacts which are likely to occur during different stages of the project and create effects on the land and soil environment of the project area (coloured green) are mentioned next.
Construction Phase
7.2.2.1 Soil Erosion
Context During the construction phase, top soil will be susceptible to erosion to some extent due to site clearance activities. The scale of site clearance activities would be small at WTG footprints at different parcel of lands, whereas in areas of new internal road construction, excavated loose soil would be susceptible to erosion. The removal of stabilized top soil would result in slope destabilization and increased soil erosion.
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Few WTG locations, as highlighted in Table 2-4, are located within 500 m of water bodies and therefore impacts of soil erosion on waterbodies will contribute to increase in dissolved and suspended solids. Soil erosion also contributes to the higher levels of particulate matter in ambient air quality.
Embedded/in-built control
93. Using existing roads to access the site to the extent possible;
94. Construction materials and wastes will be stored in designated areas;
95. Stripping of topsoil shall not be conducted earlier than required; (vegetation cover will be maintained for as long as possible) in order to prevent the erosion (wind and water) of soil;
96. Topography shall be restored to the extent possible and re-vegetated to prevent soil erosion to the extent possible.
Significance of Impact Soil is used for agricultural activities, such as cultivation of cereals (Rice, Sorghum, Pearl Millet, Maize, Foxtail millet and other millets), pulses (Bengalgram, Redgram, Greengram, Blackgram, Horsegram) and fruits (primarily Bananas), in the project AoI and supports a diverse habitat or population. Therefore, the impact magnitude and resource sensitivity are assessed as medium. Also, considering that the project site falls near a coastal area and experiences rainfall during the monsoon season (>500 mm/year), the impact significance of soil erosion is considered to be moderate. Based on the above after incorporating the embedded control the residual impact significance is considered to be minor.
Additional Mitigation Measures The following mitigation measures shall be implemented to minimize potential impacts of soil erosion:
97. Bunds shall be constructed to prevent soil erosion especially for the construction sites which are near to the water bodies or have slopes.
98. All excavations should be filled before rainy season.
99. The disturbed areas and soil stock piles should be kept moist to the extent possible to avoid wind erosion of soil.
Table 7-8 Soil Erosion during construction phase
Impact Soil erosion Impact Nature Negative Positive Neutral Impact Type Direct Indirect Induced Impact Duration Temporary Short-term Long-term Permanent Impact Extent Local Regional International Impact Scale Limited to Project area (specifically construction areas) Frequency As per the construction schedule Impact Magnitude Positive Negligible Small Medium Large Resource /Receptor Low Medium High Sensitivity Negligible Minor Moderate Major Impact Significance Significance of impact is considered Moderate.
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Residual Impact Positive Negligible Small Medium Large Magnitude
Residual Impact Negligible Minor Moderate Major Significance Significance of impact is considered Minor.
7.2.2.2 Soil Compaction
Context The project will undertake the soil compaction activity to ensure soil stability during the establishment of storage areas for WTG components, access road, installation of batching plant, establishment pooling substation etc. During construction activities, there would be compaction of soil in the project area during movement of vehicles/ construction machinery and work force movement. In addition, laying of electrical wires in the agricultural field during erection of internal and external transmission lines will also lead to the compaction of agricultural soil to certain extent. The soil compaction would lead to impact on the physical properties of the soil, such as reduction in pore spaces, water infiltration rate, soil strength and soil in the area being used for agriculture.
Embedded/in-built control The access routes for movement of heavy machinery will be designated to avoid the soil compaction in other areas.
Significance of Impact Compaction of soil will take place due to construction and vehicular movement, and will lead to change in land-use over a short-term, which can be mitigated upon completion of the construction phase. Access roads will be developed for last mile connection to the WTG locations and that would also lead to compaction of soil, and the resource sensitivity is assessed to be medium. Therefore the impact magnitude is assessed as medium as well, and the impact significance is assessed to be moderate. Based on the above, after incorporating of embedded/in-built control and additional mitigation measures the residual impact significance is assessed to be minor.
Additional Mitigation Measures The following mitigation measures shall be implemented to minimize potential impacts of soil compaction:
100. Clear demarcation of areas should be done for parking of heavy vehicles/equipment and not allowed to park anywhere.
101. Heavy parts of WTGs should only be transported from the store yard to the WTG locations once it ready to be used.
102. After completion of project activities, in the heavy soil compaction areas, the soil shall be ploughed again to reduce the soil compaction.
Table 7-9 Soil Compaction during construction phase
Impact Soil compaction Impact Nature Negative Positive Neutral Impact Type Direct Indirect Induced Impact Duration Temporary Short-term Long-term Permanent
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Impact Extent Local Regional International Impact Scale Limited to Project area (specific to construction areas) Frequency As per the construction schedule Impact Magnitude Positive Negligible Small Medium Large Resource /Receptor Low Medium High Sensitivity Negligible Minor Moderate Major Impact Significance Significance of impact is considered moderate.
Residual Impact Positive Negligible Small Medium Large Magnitude
Residual Impact Negligible Minor Moderate Major Significance Significance of impact is considered minor.
7.2.2.3 Impact on land due to improper waste disposal
Context General construction waste generated onsite will comprise of surplus or off-specification materials such as concrete, wooden pallets, steel cuttings/filings, packaging paper or plastic, wood, metals etc. Municipal domestic wastes consisting of food waste, plastic, glass, aluminium cans and waste paper will also be generated by the construction workforce at any canteen facility/ resting area which shall be constructed for them. A small proportion of the waste generated during construction phase will be hazardous and may include used oil, hydraulic fluids, waste fuel, grease and waste oil containing rags. If improperly managed, solid waste could create impacts on land.
Embedded/in-built control
103. The construction contractors will have control over the amount and types of waste (hazardous and non- hazardous) produced at the site. Workers will be strictly instructed about random disposal of any waste generated from the construction activity;
104. Construction contractor should ensure that no unauthorized dumping of used oil and other hazardous wastes is undertaken from the site;
Significance of Impact As waste will be generated during the construction and decommissioning phases at labour camps and local canteen/resting facilities, along with hazardous waste being generated due to use of oils and fuels, the sensitivity is assessed as medium during the construction phase, coupled with the fact that it has been observed that some WTGs lie within agricultural areas thus making the receptor sensitivity as medium. Since the construction activities will impact all of the project AoI, the impact significance is assessed to be moderate. Based on the above, after incorporating the embedded control, the residual impact significance is considered to be minor.
Additional Mitigation Measures
105. Municipal domestic waste generated at site to be segregated onsite;
106. Ensure hazardous waste containers are properly labelled and stored onsite provided with impervious surface, shed and secondary containment system;
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107. Ensure routinely disposal of hazardous waste through approved vendors and records are properly documented; and
108. Disposal of hazardous wastes shall be done strictly as per the conditions of authorisation granted by Tamil Nadu Pollution Control Board.
109. Construction contractor should ensure daily collection and periodic (weekly) disposal of construction waste generated debris, concrete, metal cuttings wastes, waste/used oil etc.;
110. Ensure hazardous waste is properly labelled, stored onsite at a location provided with impervious surface, shed and secondary containment system as per in accordance to Hazardous and Other Wastes (Management and Transboundary Movement) Rules, 2016.
111. The municipal waste from the labour camp shall only be routed through proper collection and handover to local municipal body for further disposal. The hazardous wastes shall be temporarily stored in labelled drums on impervious surface at designated area onsite and shall be disposed of through approved vendors in accordance to Hazardous and Other Wastes (Management and Transboundary Movement) Rules, 2016.
Table 7-10 Impact on land due to improper waste disposal during construction phase
Impact Improper waste disposal (hazardous and non-hazardous) Impact Nature Negative Positive Neutral Impact Type Direct Indirect Induced Impact Duration Temporary Short-term Long-term Permanent Impact Extent Local Regional International Impact Scale Limited to Project area (specifically construction areas, labour camp, batching plant) Frequency As per the construction schedule Impact Magnitude Positive Negligible Small Medium Large Resource /Receptor Low Medium High Sensitivity Negligible Minor Moderate Major Impact Significance Significance of impact is considered moderate.
Residual Impact Positive Negligible Small Medium Large Magnitude
Residual Impact Negligible Minor Moderate Major Significance Significance of impact is considered minor.
7.2.2.4 Soil contamination due to leaks/spills
Context Diesel storage will be provided at batching plant/storage yard onsite during construction phase. Other materials such as oil, paints and solvents will be stored in drums in storage area having impervious floors. Soil contamination during the construction phase may result from leaks and spills of oil, lubricants, or fuel from heavy equipment, improper handling of chemical/fuel storage and wastewater. Such spills could have a long-term impact on soil quality, but are expected to be localised in nature.
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Embedded/in-built control Spill control measures such as the storage and handling of chemicals and fuel in concrete areas with secondary containment shall be implemented to minimize impacts in the event of a spill.
Significance of Impact Diesel and other fuels/chemicals will be used during the construction phase and may lead to contamination of soil through spills due to improper handling. As has been observed in the Table 2-4, there are some WTG location within 500 m of dwellings and near seasonal waterbodies. Since the project is located on private agricultural land and the rainfall quotient in the area is more than 500 mm annually, the receptor sensitivity is assessed to be medium, with the impact magnitude is considered to be medium as well. Therefore, the impact significance is assessed to be moderate. Based on the above, and upon application of embedded/built-in control, the residual impact significance is assessed to be negligible to minor.
Additional Mitigation Measures
112. Use of spill control kits to contain and clean small spills and leaks.
113. The sewage generated onsite will be treated and disposed through septic tanks and soak pits.
114. Transport vehicles and equipment should undergo regular maintenance to avoid any oil leakages; and
115. Any unloading and loading protocols should be prepared for diesel, oil and used oil respectively and workers trained to prevent/contain spills and leaks.
Table 7-11 Soil contamination due to Leaks/spills during construction phase
Impact Soil contamination due to Leaks/Spills Impact Nature Negative Positive Neutral Impact Type Direct Indirect Induced Impact Duration Temporary Short-term Long-term Permanent Impact Extent Local Regional International Impact Scale Limited to Project area (specifically construction area footprint, batching plant) Frequency Cannot be precisely determined Likelihood Unlikely Impact Magnitude Positive Negligible Small Medium Large
Resource /Receptor Sensitivity Low Medium High Negligible Minor Moderate Major Impact Significance Significance of impact is considered moderate.
Residual Impact Magnitude Positive Negligible Small Medium Large Negligible Minor Moderate Major Residual Impact Significance Significance of impact is considered negligible to minor.
Operation Phase The operational phase of the project will have limited impacts on soil in form of waste generation and soil contamination due to accidental spillages/ leakages.
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7.2.2.5 Impact on land due to improper waste disposal
Context During operation phase, the waste generated from project will include domestic solid waste at SCADA building and substation and hazardous waste like waste oil and lubricants and oil containing jutes and rags will be generated during maintenance activities. The quantity of hazardous waste generated will be much lesser quantity than during the construction stage
Embedded/in-built control The waste generated will be disposed of through approved vendors in accordance with Hazardous and Other Wastes (Management and Transboundary Movement) Rules, 2016. The hazardous wastes will be stored onsite at separate designated covered area provided with impervious flooring and sent for disposal to nearest TSDF. During operation phase, the quantity of municipal waste and hazardous waste generated is less and probability of the hazardous waste generation is only during WTG maintenance and therefore occasional. The waste generated would be routed through proper collection and containment.
Significance of Impact As stated above, the waste generation during operation phase will primarily occur due to maintenance activities for the WTGs, through the use of oil and other lubricants. Since maintenance activities will regularly occur after a defined period of time the impact magnitude is assessed to be small, with the impact significance considered to be negligible with embedded control measures.
Additional Mitigation Measure As the embedded controls are sufficient to address the impact, no mitigation measures are deemed necessary.
Table 7-12 Improper waste disposal during operation phase
Impact Improper waste disposal (hazardous and non-hazardous) Impact Nature Negative Positive Neutral Impact Type Direct Indirect Induced Impact Duration Temporary Short-term Long-term Permanent Impact Extent Local Regional International
Impact Scale Limited to Project footprint area
Frequency Operation phase Impact Magnitude Positive Negligible Small Medium Large Resource /Receptor Low Medium High Sensitivity Negligible Minor Moderate Major Impact Significance Significance of impact is considered negligible.
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7.2.2.6 Soil contamination due to leaks/spills
Context There are chances of spillage of oil during maintenance work such as lubricating oils from gearbox systems, hydraulic systems of the turbine etc. The accidental spillages at oil/lubricants and hazardous waste storage areas may cause contamination of soil and ground water.
Embedded/in-built control
116. Ensure oil/ lubricants are stored on impervious floor in the storage area having secondary containment;
117. Use of spill control kits to contain and clean small spills and leaks during O&M activities; and
118. The guidelines and procedures shall be prepared and followed for immediate clean-up actions following any spillages. The probability of the impact is only during WTG maintenance and therefore occasional. In case of accidental spillage, the impacts will be confined to the WTG land parcels and storage area.
Significance of Impact Since there might be spillage during the maintenance of WTGs and/or through hydraulics system of the wind turbine, it might lead to significant contamination of soil and groundwater. Although the maintenance activities will occur periodically, and with WTGs located on private agricultural land, the resource sensitivity is considered to be medium. Based on the impact envisaged and with the probability of the impacts occurring only during WTG maintenance and being confined to the WTG land parcels and storage area, the impact significance is considered to be minor. Upon application of embedded/built-in control, the residual impact significance is considered to be negligible.
Additional mitigation measures As the embedded controls are sufficient to address the impacts additional mitigations measures are not deemed necessary.
Table 7-13 Soil contamination due to leaks/spills during operation phase
Impact Soil contamination due to Leaks/Spills Impact Nature Negative Positive Neutral Impact Type Direct Indirect Induced Impact Duration Temporary Short-term Long-term Permanent
Impact Extent Local Regional International Impact Scale Limited to WTG locations, sub-station and storage yard Frequency Cannot be precisely determined Likelihood Unlikely Impact Magnitude Positive Negligible Small Medium Large Resource /Receptor Low Medium High Sensitivity Negligible Minor Moderate Major Impact Significance Significance of impact is considered minor.
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Residual Impact Positive Negligible Small Medium Large Magnitude
Residual Impact Negligible Minor Moderate Major Significance Significance of impact is considered negligible.
Decommissioning Phase The decommissioning activities will cause following impacts on soil:
119. Soil compaction due to the increased vehicular and workforce movement, dismantling and storage of WTG components on the adjacent land, removal of internal electric lines/ poles etc.
120. Waste will be generated in form of dismantled WTG components and demolition debris from WTG foundations, storage yard and substation complex. Electric components such as transformers, insulators, wires will be generated. The waste will be mainly of inert nature;
121. The possibility of soil contamination during decommissioning phase is very less though may occur due to leakage from machinery and transportation vehicles and during collection of remaining oil/ lubricants in the WTGs.
Embedded/in-built control
122. The decommissioning of the wind farm will be carried out in a planned manner.
123. During decommissioning phase, the quantity of waste generated will be high. The waste will be routed through proper collection, storage and disposal. The waste will be evaluated for its recycling/ reuse/ scrap value and disposed accordingly.
Significance of impact The decommissioning phase will involve setting up of labour camps, increased vehicular movement and generation of waste due to dismantling of WTGs and its components. This will again have an impact on the soil, magnitude for which is assessed to be medium. But since decommissioning of the wind farm will be carried out in a planned manner, the impact significance considered to be minor. Based on the above, after incorporating the embedded controls and additional mitigation measures, the residual impact significance is assessed to be negligible.
Additional Mitigation Measures Following mitigation measures are proposed to reduce the impacts of wind farm decommissioning activities on soil environment:
124. The vehicular movement during decommissioning activities should be restricted to the designated route path;
125. The demolition/ dismantling waste should not be left over in the project area and to be collected and stored at designated area only for further segregation and disposal.
Table 7-14 Impact to Soil and Land environment during decommissioning phase
Impact Impact on soil and land environment from decommissioning activities Impact Nature Negative Positive Neutral Impact Type Direct Indirect Induced Impact Duration Temporary Short-term Long-term Permanent Impact Extent Local Regional International
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Impact Scale Limited to Project area Frequency Decommissioning phase Impact Magnitude Positive Negligible Small Medium Large Resource /Receptor Low Medium High Sensitivity Negligible Minor Moderate Major Impact Significance Significance of impact is considered minor.
Residual Impact Positive Negligible Small Medium Large Magnitude
Residual Impact Negligible Minor Moderate Major Significance Significance of impact will be negligible.
7.2.3 Impact on Water Resources The impacts of proposed project on water environment are assessed with respect to following:
126. Decreased water availability form the water resources of the area due to usage of water for carrying out project activities; and
127. Decreased water quality due to wastewater release and spills/leaks from project activities.
Criteria For the assessment of water quality, the sensitivity and magnitude criteria outlined in Table 7-15 and Table 7-16, respectively have been used.
Table 7-15 Sensitivity Assessment Criteria for Water Resources (Surface water and Ground water)
Sensitivity Criteria Contributing Criteria Environment Social Water Resources -Surface The extent to which the water resource The extent to which the water water and ground water plays an ecosystem or amenity role in resource provides or could provide (quality/quantity related terms of supporting biodiversity either a use (drinking water, agricultural criteria) directly or indirectly, particularly with uses, washing and other domestic respect to dependent ecosystems. or industrial, use as waterways) to the local communities and businesses, or is important in terms of national resource protection objectives, targets and legislation. Low The water resource does not support The water resource has little or no diverse aquatic habitat or populations, or role in terms of provisioning supports aquatic habitat or population services as agricultural water that is of low quality. source, other domestic uses as washing, bathing, industrial use and waterways for the local community.
The groundwater resource is not currently abstracted and used in
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Sensitivity Criteria Contributing Criteria Environment Social the vicinity of the Project, but is of sufficient quality and yield to be used for that purpose in the future (and there is a reasonable potential for future use). Medium The water resource supports diverse The surface water resources have populations of flora and / or fauna but local importance in terms of available in the surface water bodies in provisioning services but there is the region. ample capacity and / or adequate opportunity for alternative sources of comparable quality. The groundwater resource is an important water supply, and is currently used, but there is capacity and / or adequate opportunity for alternative sources of comparable quality. High The water resource supports The surface water resources are economically important or biologically wholly relied upon locally, with no unique aquatic species or provides suitable technically or essential habitat for such species economically feasible alternatives, or is important at a regional or transboundary watershed level for provisioning services The groundwater resource is wholly relied upon locally, with no suitable technically or economically feasible alternatives, or is important at a regional or national level for water supply or contribution to groundwater dependent ecosystems (e.g. transboundary rivers).
Table 7-16 Criteria for Impact Magnitude for Assessment of Impact to Surface and Ground water Resources
Magnitude Criteria Negligible Small Medium Large General Criteria No perceptible or Perceptible change Clearly evident Major changes in readily measurable from baseline (e.g. perceptible comparison to change from conditions but likely and readily baseline conditions baseline conditions. to be within measurable) and / or likely to applicable norms change from regularly or and standards for baseline conditions continually exceed mode of use. and / or likely to applicable norms approach and even and standards for occasionally mode of use. exceed applicable norms and
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Magnitude Criteria Negligible Small Medium Large standards for mode of use. Water Quantity There is likely to be The Project will The Project will The Project will negligible (less consume surface consume surface consume surface than 1% of lean water, but the water, and the water, and the season flow) or no amounts abstracted amounts abstracted amounts abstracted consumption of are likely to be are likely to be are likely to be very surface water by relatively small in significant in significant in the Project at any comparison to the comparison to the comparison to the time resource available resource available resource available at the time of use at the time of use at the time of use (i.e. taking into (i.e. taking into (i.e. taking into account seasonal account seasonal account seasonal fluctuation) fluctuation) fluctuation) There is likely to be The Project will The Project will The Project will negligible or no consume consume consume abstraction, use of groundwater or groundwater or groundwater or or discharge to the deliver discharge to discharge to discharge to groundwater by the groundwater, but groundwater, and groundwater, and Project at any time. the amounts the amounts the amounts abstracted / abstracted / abstracted / discharged are discharged are discharged are likely to be likely to be likely to be very relatively small in significant in significant in comparison to the comparison to the comparison to the resource available resource available resource available at the time of use at the time of use at the time of use (i.e. taking into (i.e. taking into (i.e. taking into account seasonal account seasonal account seasonal fluctuation). fluctuation). fluctuation). Water Quality Discharges are Discharges are Occasional Repeated breaches expected to be well expected to be breach(s) of of statutory within statutory within statutory statutory discharge discharge limits limits limits limits (limited (over extended periods) expected periods) expected Abstractions from Groundwater Groundwater Groundwater or discharge to quality be within quality exceeds quality exceeds aquifer(s) are ambient levels or ambient levels or ambient levels or unlikely to cause allowable criteria or allowable criteria allowable criteria. water quality may exceed for 1-2 for key parameters. issues. parameters which Abstractions or is common Abstraction or discharge to occurrence due to discharge to aquifer(s) are geological regime aquifer(s) are expected to cause of the area. expected to cause potentially severe potential localized effects on Abstraction or effects on groundwater quality discharge to groundwater quality which are likely to aquifer(s) may which are likely to be long-lasting (e.g. cause small but be fairly long years or local changes in lasting and / or give permanent) and / or water quality in the rise to indirect give rise to indirect
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Magnitude Criteria Negligible Small Medium Large aquifer system. ecological and / or ecological and / or These can be socio-economic socio-economic considered impacts. impacts. potential short-term localized effects on groundwater quality which is likely to return to equilibrium conditions within a short (months) timeframe.
Construction Phase
7.2.3.1 Impact on water availability
Context Water will be required for civil works during the construction of the foundation for all WTGs with an estimated 10,143 KL of water required for the entire duration of the construction phase and about 365 kl of water required for domestic requirement. This water demand will be met through procurement of water tankers sourcing water from bore wells in nearby villages. There are seasonal surface water bodies within 500 m of some of the WTG locations, as can be observed in Table 2-4. These water bodies may get impacted due to the construction activities related to WTG foundations
Embedded/in-built control Water tankers with proper permissions from either Tamil Nadu Water Supply or Drainage Board (TWAD) and/or Central Ground Water Authority (CGWA) will be utilized for water sourcing.
Significance of Impact The Project area is characterised by presence of surface waterbodies with most of them being seasonal in nature (dry at the time of ERM site visit) and some of them falling within 500 m of WTG locations (refer to Table 2-4). As per central groundwater board, water falls under the “safe” category in the district of Thoothukudi, and the project activities will utilise water procured via tankers, with the water being sourced from bore wells from nearby villages/on-site abstraction wells. The sensitivity of water resource in the area is considered as medium as the project will require a large amount of water for the construction phase for both construction and domestic activities, and due to the dependence of local community on ground water resource for irrigation. But, the direct negative impact on water resources due to usage during construction activities will be short term, therefore the impact significance is assessed to be minor. Based on the above, the impact significance after incorporating the embedded/in-built controls is considered to be negligible.
Additional Mitigation Measures Following mitigation measures are proposed for conservation of water resources of the area:
128. Bunds shall be constructed on the water body side to prevent wash away of sediment load to the water bodies;
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129. Construction labour deputed onsite to be sensitised about water conservation and encouraged for optimal use of water;
130. Regular inspection for identification of water leakages and preventing wastage of water from water supply tankers;
131. Recycling/reusing water to the extent possible.
Table 7-17 Impact on water availability during construction phase
Impact Impact on water availability Impact Nature Negative Positive Neutral Impact Type Direct Indirect Induced Impact Duration Temporary Short-term Long-term Permanent Impact Extent Local Regional International Impact Scale Limited to Project area Impact Magnitude Positive Negligible Small Medium Large Resource Sensitivity Low Medium High Negligible Minor Moderate Major Impact Significance Significance of impact is considered minor. Residual Impact Positive Negligible Small Medium Large Magnitude
Residual Impact Negligible Minor Moderate Major Significance Significance of impact is considered negligible.
7.2.3.2 Impact on water quality
Context There is a potential for contamination of surface and groundwater resources resulting from improper management of sewage, accidental spills/leaks at the storage areas and also washing away of construction materials into the water bodies.
Embedded/in-built control
132. The provisions of septic tank and soak pits will be provided onsite for treatment and disposal of sewage, thereby minimizing the impacts of wastewater discharge. Planning of toilets, soak pits and septic tanks, waste collection areas should be away from natural drainage channels;
133. Use of licensed contractors for management and disposal of waste and sludge;
134. Spill/ leakage clearance plan to be adopted for immediate cleaning of spills and leakages.
Significance of Impact As mentioned in the context, there are some surface water bodies in vicinity of few WTG foot print area which could be directly impacted from project activities. There may also be chances of ground water contamination during the monsoon season and rainy days, especially if spills/leaks take place and sewage isn’t properly managed, which can lead to fairly long lasting indirect ecological and/or socio-economic impacts. Judging by that, the impact magnitude is assessed to be medium, with the resource sensitivity assessed to be medium as well. The impact significance therefore is assessed to be moderate in case of accidental spills/leaks and mismanagement of sewage.
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Based on the above, after incorporating the embedded/in-built control and additional mitigation measures the impact significance is considered to be negligible to minor.
Additional Mitigation Measures
135. Ensure proper cover and stacking of loose construction material at Batching plant site and WTG’s site to prevent surface runoff and contamination of receiving water body;
136. Labourers will be given training towards proactive use of designated areas/bins for waste disposal and encouraged for use of toilets. Open defecation and random disposal of sewage shall be strictly restricted;
Table 7-18 Impact on water quality during construction phase
Impact Impact on water quality Impact Nature Negative Positive Neutral Impact Type Direct Indirect Induced Impact Duration Temporary Short-term Long-term Permanent Impact Extent Local Regional International Impact Scale Limited to Project area Frequency Construction phase Likelihood Possible Impact Magnitude Positive Negligible Small Medium Large Resource Sensitivity Low Medium High Negligible Minor Moderate Major Impact Significance Significance of impact is considered moderate.
Residual Impact Positive Negligible Small Medium Large Magnitude
Residual Impact Negligible Minor Moderate Major Significance Significance of impact is considered negligible to minor.
Operation Phase
7.2.3.3 Impact on water availability
Context Around 1000 litres of water is envisaged to be required each day during operation phase to meet domestic requirements of O&M staff and for use in the SCADA building and sub-station complex.
Embedded/in-built control
137. Water demand for domestic usage will be met through tankers and drinking water will be through bottled potable water purchased.
138. Optimising water usage in the SCADA building and substation area by application of water conservation measures such as sensor based taps, low flush urinals etc.
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Significance of Impact Since water demands during the operation phase will be met through usage of tankers and water bottles, and groundwater resources will not be affected during the operation phase, the overall significance of impacts on water availability due to operational activities is assessed as negligible. Based on the above the impact after incorporating the embedded control the impact significance is considered to be negligible as well.
Additional Mitigation Measures As the impact is sufficiently addressed by the embedded controls additional mitigation measures are not foreseen for this impact.
Table 7-19 Impact on water availability during operation phase
Impact Impact on water availability Impact Nature Negative Positive Neutral Impact Type Direct Indirect Induced Impact Duration Temporary Short-term Long-term Permanent Impact Extent Local Regional International Impact Scale Limited to site office, sub-station area Frequency Operation phase Likelihood Likely Impact Magnitude Positive Negligible Small Medium Large Resource Sensitivity Low Medium High Negligible Minor Moderate Major Impact Significance Significance of impact is considered negligible.
Residual Impact Positive Negligible Small Medium Large Magnitude
Residual Impact Negligible Minor Moderate Major Significance Significance of impact is considered negligible.
7.2.3.4 Impact on water quality
Context During operation phase, there will be no wastewater generation from the power generation process. Only sewage would be generated from substation and SCADA building and this will also be of negligible quantity.
Embedded/in-built control
139. The drainage and sewerage system will be provided for the collection and treatment of waste water at SCADA building and substation areas;
140. No wastewater discharge on open land will be practiced.
Significance of Impact During the operation phase, the quality of water can be affected through generation of waste water and sewage. There are a few WTGs with small surface water bodies within their Area of Influence,
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ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF A 252 IMPACT ASSESSMENT MW WIND POWER PROJECT IN THOOTHUKUDI DISTRICT OF TAMIL NADU Final Report and cases of mismanagement of sewage water might lead to impact on water quality. In such a case, the impact magnitude is considered to be small, with the impact significance assessed to be minor. Based on the above the impact after incorporating the embedded control the impact significance is considered to be negligible.
Additional Mitigation Measures As the impact is sufficiently addressed by the embedded controls the requirement of additional mitigation measures is not foreseen for this impact.
Table 7-20 Impact on water quality during operation phase
Impact Decreased water quality Impact Nature Negative Positive Neutral Impact Type Direct Indirect Induced Impact Duration Temporary Short-term Long-term Permanent Impact Extent Local Regional International Impact Scale Limited to substation and CMS building
Frequency Operation phase Likelihood Possible Impact Magnitude Positive Negligible Small Medium Large Resource Sensitivity Low Medium High Negligible Minor Moderate Major Impact Significance Significance of impact is considered minor.
Residual Impact Positive Negligible Small Medium Large Magnitude
Residual Impact Negligible Minor Moderate Major Significance Significance of impact is considered negligible.
Decommissioning Phase For the decommissioning phase, the impacts will be similar to that of the construction phase for impact on water resources.
7.2.4 Impact on Air Quality The impact assessment with respect to air quality of the study area has been undertaken for the project activities described below:
141. Construction activities including site preparation, construction of WTG foundation, erection of internal and external transmission line, construction of office building;
142. Transportation of WTG components, construction material, construction machinery and personnel;
143. Operation of batching plant;
144. Operation of DG sets for emergency power backup;
145. Operation and maintenance activities during operation phase; and
146. Decommissioning activities.
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7.2.4.1 Criteria For the assessment of air quality, the sensitivity and magnitude criteria outlined in Table 7-21 and Table 7-22 respectively have been used. The air quality impacts associated with the construction activities have been assessed qualitatively, using professional judgement and based on past experience from similar projects.
Table 7-21 Sensitivity Criteria for Air quality
Sensitivity Criteria Contributing Criteria Human Receptors Ecological Receptors Low Locations where human exposure is Locally designated sites; and/or transient.1 areas of specific ecological interest, not subject to statutory protection (for example, as defined by the project ecology team). Medium Few Receptors( settlements) within 500 m of Nationally designated sites. project activity area as roads, batching plant, WTG s etc. High Densely populated receptors Internationally designated sites. (settlements) within 500 m of project activity area as roads, batching plant, WTG s etc.
Table 7-22 Criteria for Impact Magnitude for Assessment of Impact to Air Quality (Construction Phase)
Magnitude Negligible Small Medium Large Criteria Air Quality ■ Soil type with ■ Soil type with ■ Moderately ■ Potentially dusty large grain size large grain size dusty soil type soil type (e.g. clay, (e.g. sand); (e.g. sand); (e.g. silt); which will be prone and/or No and/or and/or to suspension emissions/dust ■ Limited ■ Dust when dry due to generation due emissions/dust generation and small particle size); to Project across generations for emissions from and all phases short duration Projects for ■ Significant process long duration emissions from Project for the entire Project cycle.
Construction Phase
7.2.4.2 Criteria Air quality will largely get impacted from the following sources during the construction phase:
147. Fugitive dust emissions from site clearing, excavation work, cutting and levelling work at WTG sites and access/ internal roads, stacking of soils, handling of construction material, transportation of material, emission due to movement of vehicles and heavy construction machinery etc.;
148. Vehicular emissions due to traffic movement on site and on access roads;
1 As per the NAAQS and World Bank/IFC guidelines, there are no standards that apply to short –term exposure, e.g. one or two hours, but there is still a risk of health impacts, albeit less certain.
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149. Particulate emissions from operation of batching plant;
150. Exhaust emissions from construction machineries, other heavy equipment like bull dozers, excavators, and compactors;
151. Emissions from emergency power diesel generator used during construction activity.
7.2.4.3 Embedded/in-built control
152. Batching plant will be located 10-12 km away from habitation;
153. Preventive measures such as storage of construction material in sheds, covering of construction materials during transportation will be undertaken, for reducing dust as part of the embedded controls.
154. Emissions from the emergency DG set and other stationary machines will be controlled by ensuring that the engines are always properly tuned and maintained.
155. Minimize stockpiling by coordinating excavations, spreading, re-grading and compaction activities;
156. Speed of vehicles on site will be limited to 10-15 km/hr which will help in minimizing fugitive dust emissions due to vehicular movement; and
157. Idling of vehicles and equipment will be prevented.
7.2.4.4 Significance of Impact Since there are a 20 WTGs with receptors within 500 m, which will be affected by the impact on air due to the construction activities, the receptor sensitivity has been assessed as medium. The impact on air quality will be local and short-term, restricted to the construction period based on that the overall impact assessment is assessed to be moderate. Based on the above the impact after incorporating the embedded control the impact significance is considered to be minor.
7.2.4.5 Additional Mitigation Measures
158. Burning of any waste material shall be prevented;
159. Labourers shall be provided with gas connection to prevent burning of fuel wood for cooking purposes;
160. Work shall be ceased or phased down if excess fugitive dust is observed. Source of dust shall be investigated and proper suppression measures ensured;
161. Proper maintenance of engines and use of vehicles with Pollution under Control (PUC) Certificate shall be ensured.
Table 7-23 Impact on air quality during construction phase
Impact Ambient Air quality Impact Nature Negative Positive Neutral Impact Type Direct Indirect Induced Impact Duration Temporary Short-term Long-term Permanent Impact Extent Local Regional International Impact Scale Project footprint area, access roads, batching plant and surroundings
Frequency Construction phase
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Impact Magnitude Positive Negligible Small Medium Large Receptor/Resource Low Medium High Sensitivity Negligible Minor Moderate Major Impact Significance Significance of impact is considered moderate.
Residual Impact Positive Negligible Small Medium Large Magnitude
Residual Impact Negligible Minor Moderate Major Significance Significance of impact is considered minor.
Operation Phase
7.2.4.6 Source of Impacts As the project is a renewable and clean energy development project, the operation phase will be largely free from air emissions.
Decommissioning Phase
7.2.4.7 Criteria Air quality will largely get impacted from the following sources during the decommissioning phase:
162. Fugitive dust emissions from site clearing, excavation work, cutting and levelling work at WTG sites and access/ internal roads, stacking of soils, handling of construction material, transportation of material, emission due to movement of vehicles and heavy construction machinery etc.;
163. Vehicular emissions due to traffic movement on site and on access roads;
164. Particulate emissions from operation of batching plant;
165. Exhaust emissions from construction machineries, other heavy equipment like bull dozers, excavators, and compactors;
166. Emissions from emergency power diesel generator used during decommissioning activity.
7.2.4.8 Embedded/in-built control Same as set out in the construction phase needs to be implemented.
7.2.4.9 Significance of Impact Since there are a few WTGs with receptors within 500 m which will be affected by the impact on air due to the decommissioning activities, the receptor sensitivity has been assessed as medium, same as in the case of construction phase. The impact on air quality will be local and short-term, restricted to the decommissioning period, and based on that the overall impact assessment is assessed to be moderate. Based on the above, after incorporating the embedded control, the impact significance is considered to be minor.
7.2.4.10 Additional Mitigation Measures Same as set out in the construction phase needs to be implemented.
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Table 7-24 Impact on air quality during decommissioning phase
Impact Ambient Air quality Impact Nature Negative Positive Neutral Impact Type Direct Indirect Induced Impact Duration Temporary Short-term Long-term Permanent Impact Extent Local Regional International Impact Scale Project footprint area, access roads, batching plant and surroundings Frequency Construction phase Impact Magnitude Positive Negligible Small Medium Large Receptor/Resource Low Medium High Sensitivity Negligible Minor Moderate Major Impact Significance Significance of impact is considered moderate.
Residual Impact Positive Negligible Small Medium Large Magnitude
Residual Impact Negligible Minor Moderate Major Significance Significance of impact is considered minor.
7.2.5 Shadow Flicker Shadow flicker is a term used to describe the pattern of alternating light intensity observed when the rotating blades of a wind turbine cast a shadow on a receptor under certain wind and light conditions. Shadow flicker occurs under a limited range of conditions when the sun passes behind the hub of a wind turbine and casts an intermittent shadow over neighbouring properties.
7.2.5.1 Regulations pertaining to shadow flicker Indian energy planning and environmental policies and legislations contains no specific shadow flicker requirements and recommendations. The Ministry of New and Renewable Energy (MNRE) has published guidelines for development of onshore wind power projects in October 2016, which specifies certain specific requirements for micro-siting of the projects and includes:
167. Developer(s) shall maintain a distance of HH+1/2 RD+ RD+ 5m (Hub Height+ Half Rotor Diameter +5 meters) from Public Roads, railway tracks, highways, buildings, public institutions and EHV lines.
168. Developer(s) shall not site wind turbines within 500 m of any dwelling for the mitigation of noise. In order to ensure health and safety of people working/residing near the wind power installations the National Institute of Wind Energy (NIWE) will prescribe criteria for noise and shadow flicker in consultation with stakeholders. Shadow flicker has been elaborated upon in the EHS guidelines for wind energy, by the International Finance Corporation (IFC), dated August 7, 2015 (1). They are as follows: Shadow flicker occurs when the sun passes behind the wind turbine and casts a shadow. As the rotor blades rotate, shadows pass over the same point causing an effect termed shadow flicker. Shadow
(1) EHS guidelines for wind energy, August 7, 2015. http://www.ifc.org/wps/wcm/connect/2c410700497a7933b04cf1ef20a40540/FINAL_Aug+2015_Wind+Energy_EHS+Guideline.p df?MOD=AJPERES. Accessed 05/12/2017
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ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF A 252 IMPACT ASSESSMENT MW WIND POWER PROJECT IN THOOTHUKUDI DISTRICT OF TAMIL NADU Final Report flicker may become a problem when potentially sensitive receptors (e.g., residential properties, workplaces, learning and/or health care spaces/facilities) are located nearby, or have a specific orientation to the wind energy facility. Potential shadow flicker issues are likely to be more important in higher latitudes, where the sun is lower in the sky and therefore casts longer shadows that will extend the radius within which potentially significant shadow flicker impact will be experienced. Where there are nearby receptors, commercially available software can be used to model shadow flicker in order to identify the distance to which potential shadow flicker effects may extend. The same software can typically also be used to predict the duration and timing of shadow flicker occurrence under real weather conditions at specific receptors located within the zone of potential shadow flicker impact. If it is not possible to locate the wind energy facility/turbines such that neighbouring receptors experience no shadow flicker effects, it is recommended that the predicted duration of shadow flicker effects experienced at a sensitive receptor not exceed 30 hours per year and 30 minutes per day on the worst affected day, based on a worst-case scenario.
7.2.5.2 Occurrence of shadow flicker in regards to wind farms Shadow flicker is most pronounced at sunrise and sunset when shadows are the longest, and at high wind speeds (faster rotating blades leading to faster flicker). There is anecdotal evidence internationally that shadow flicker could lead to stress and headaches. There is also a fear that shadow flicker, especially in the range of 2.5-50 Hertz (2.5-50 cycles per second) could lead to seizures in epileptics and may also scare away livestock. An analysis of those conditions that may lead to shadow flicker and the location of potential sensitive receptors (residential and community properties) is provided in this section. The timing and duration of this effect can be theoretically calculated from the geometry of the wind turbines, their orientation relative to nearby houses and the latitude of the potential site, using specialised software such as WindPro 3.2. The results provide the total number of hours in a year when a theoretical shadow flicker will occur. However, the actual shadow flicker could be substantially lower compared to theoretical values because shadow flicker does not occur where there is vegetation or other obstructions between the turbines and the shadow receptors; if windows facing a turbine are fitted with blinds or shutters; or if the sun is not shining brightly enough to cause shadows. It should be noted that the theoretical calculations done by WindPro does take into account the reduction in shadow flicker due to topographic features, however it does not take into account the reduction in shadow flicker due to these onsite factors i.e. vegetation. Simple geometry relating to the position of the sun and the angle of the turbine blades can also eliminate or significantly reduce the effects of shadow flicker. In addition, shadow flicker will only occur inside the properties where the flicker is occurring through openings (e.g. window, door). Weather conditions at the site, such as bright sunshine, will greatly enhance the occurrence and intensity of shadow flicker, whereas cloud density, haze or fog will cause a reduction. Receptors further away from the turbines which may have experienced a shadow flicker effect under bright sunshine conditions will, as a result of these weather conditions, experience either no effect or one which is greatly reduced in intensity. The distance between receptors and turbines has a large effect on the intensity of shadow flicker. Shadow flicker intensity can be defined as the difference in brightness between the presence and absence of a shadow at any given location. This study does not examine variations in intensity but rather the occurrence in number of hours shadow flicker may occur, whether or not this is clearly distinct or barely noticeable. The assessment assumes a conservative worst case of bright sunshine conditions in all periods when flicker may occur.
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169. Considering all of the above points, the likelihood of shadow flicker occurring is greatest when the circumstances listed below exist simultaneously.
170. The receptor is at a position which is between 130 ° clockwise (1) and anti-clockwise from north and located within 10 turbine rotor diameter of the wind turbine (~1200m).
171. The sun is shining and visible in the sky in line with the monthly mean sun-shine hours at nearby location.
172. The wind speeds are between 3 m/s and 22 m/s and the turbine is therefore in operation.
173. The turbine blades are perpendicular to the line between the sun and the observer or receptor most of time as per reported wind mast data. Due to lack of data regarding epilepsy rates in India and operation levels below of 1 Hz for modern turbines, seizures caused by shadow flicker are considered to be extremely unlikely. The turbines (proposed to be used in this Project) being considered operate at a frequency outside the range where negative health effects may result (2). Potential effects on people are likely to be limited to nuisance.
7.2.5.3 Considerations and assumptions for the study Weather conditions at the site, such as bright sunshine, will greatly enhance the occurrence and intensity of shadow flicker, whereas cloud density, haze or fog will cause a reduction. Receptors further away from the turbines which may have experienced a shadow flicker effect under bright sunshine conditions will, as a result of these weather conditions, experience either no effect or one which is greatly reduced in intensity. The distance between receptors and turbines has a large effect on the intensity of shadow flicker. Shadow flicker intensity can be defined as the difference in brightness between the presence and absence of a shadow at any given location. This study does not examine variations in intensity but rather the occurrence in number of hours shadow flicker may occur, whether or not this is clearly distinct or barely noticeable. The assessment assumes a conservative worst case of bright sunshine conditions in all periods when flicker may occur as well as a real case scenario based on average sunshine hours in a year in Trivandrum.
174. Considering all of the above points, the likelihood of shadow flicker occurring is greatest when the circumstances listed below exist simultaneously.
175. The receptor is at a position which is between 130° clockwise (3) and anticlockwise from north and located within 10 turbine rotor diameters of the wind turbine (~1200 m).
176. The sun is shining and visible in the sky in line with the monthly mean sun-shine hours at nearby location.
177. The wind speeds are between 3 m/s and 22 m/s and the turbine is therefore in operation.
178. The turbine blades are perpendicular to the line between the sun and the observer or receptor most of time.
(1) It is acknowledged by this assessment however that India is a t a lower latitude than the European countries and therefore angles of shadow flicker may be narrower. (2) See Health and Safety Executive/Local Authority Enforcement Liaison Committee (HELA) circular, entitled ‘Disco Lights and Flicker Sensitive Epilepsy’ (available at http://www.hse.gov.uk/lau/lacs/51-1.htm). It provides medical details on flicker frequencies likely to give rise to epileptic effects. It states: ‘In 1971 the Greater London Council banned the use of flicker rates greater than 8 fps but to be effective the above figures show that any advice on restriction of flicker rate has to limit the frequency to below 5 fps.’ (3) It is acknowledged by this assessment however that India is at lower latitude than the European countries and therefore angles of shadow flicker may be narrower.
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7.2.5.4 Standard for shadow flicker In the Indian context, at present, there is neither regulation nor decided level of shadow flicker identified as causing a significant effect (1). Therefore, IFC EHS Guidelines for Wind Energy dated August 7, 2015 (2) have been followed, which clearly states that if it is not possible to locate the wind energy facility/turbines such that neighbouring receptors experience no shadow flicker effects, it is recommended that the predicted duration of shadow flicker effects experienced at a sensitive receptor not exceed 30 hours per year and 30 minutes per day on the worst affected day, based on a worst- case scenario.
7.2.5.5 The model – WindPro Shadow SHADOW is the WindPro calculation module that calculates how often and in which intervals a specific neighbour or area will be affected by shadows generated by one or more WTGs. These calculations are worst-case scenarios (astronomical maximum shadow, i.e. calculations which are solely based on the positions of the sun relative to the WTG). Shadow impact may occur when the blades of a WTG pass through the sun’s rays seen from a specific spot (e.g. a window in an adjacent settlement). If the weather is overcast or calm, or if the wind direction forces the rotor plane of the WTG to stand parallel with the line between the sun and the neighbour, the WTG will not produce shadow impacts, but the impact will still appear in the calculations. In other words, the calculation is a worst-case scenario, which represents the maximum potential risk of shadow impact. A calendar can be printed for any specific point of observation, which indicates the exact days, and time periods where shadow impact may occur. Apart from calculating the potential shadow impact at a given neighbour, a map rendering the iso- lines of the shadow impact can also be printed. This printout will render the amount of shadow impact for any spot within the project area. The calculation of the potential shadow impact at a given shadow receptor is carried out simulating the situation. The position of the sun relative to the WTG rotor disk and the resulting shadow is calculated in steps of 1 minute throughout a complete year. If the shadow of the rotor disk (which in the calculation is assumed solid) at any time casts a shadow reflection on the window, which has been defined as a shadow receptor object, then this step will be registered as 1 minute of potential shadow impact. The following information is required:
179. The position of the WTGs (x, y, z coordinates)
180. The hub height and rotor diameter of the WTGs
181. The position of the shadow receptor object (x, y, z coordinates)
182. The size of the window and its orientation, both directional (relative to south) and tilt (angle of window plane to the horizontal).
183. The geographic position (latitude and longitude) together with time zone and daylight saving time information.
184. A simulation model, which holds information about the earth’s orbit and rotation relative to the sun.
(1) Assumption based upon review of the MNRE website and Onshore Wind Energy Policy. (2) EHS guidelines for wind energy, August 7, 2015. http://www.ifc.org/wps/wcm/connect/2c410700497a7933b04cf1ef20a40540/FINAL_Aug+2015_Wind+Energy_EHS+Guideline.p df?MOD=AJPERES. Accessed 05/12/2017
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7.2.5.6 Assessment Methodology and Modelling
Input Data Shadow flicker calculations have been made using WindPro 3.3.732 SP 3 software. The model used in this analysis is very conservative and assumes the following conditions:
185. the average monthly sunshine hours for Trivandrum;
186. the wind turbines have been considered operational with wind speed more than 3 m/s and for the same, based on annual wind rose and wind frequency data of Trivandrum, it has been assumed that about 84% time of the year, the wind turbines will be operational;
187. the blades of the wind turbines are perpendicular with northwest - southeast orientation have been considered based on the predominant wind direction available from the annual wind rose of Trivandrum, which could result in maximum possible size circular/ elliptical;
188. there are no trees, or vegetation on the surface which may obscure the line of sight between shadow receptor and turbine;
189. the sun can be represented as a single point;
190. Flicker is ignored if sun is less than 3° above horizon (due to atmospheric diffusion/ low radiation/ sheltering);
191. structures identified within 500 m around the wind turbine locations are considered as shadow receptors. The following data inputs were used in this study:
192. a digital elevation model of the site (National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) Data at 30 m resolution);
193. latitude and longitude at centre of the site used to calculate the position of the sun (calculated in GIS using UTM co-ordinates);
194. average monthly sun-shine hours recorded;
195. turbine locations – coordinates (provided by the Client);
196. turbine rotor diameter for project turbines i.e. Vestas V120 is 120 m;
197. height to bottom of Turbine hub for project turbines is 120 m;
198. tilt angle of the ‘window’ (always assumed vertical);
199. shadow receptors contain on openings measuring 1 m by 1 m facing towards the closest wind turbines; and
200. height above ground level of the ‘window’ 1 m. A ZVI (Zones of Visual Influence) calculation is performed before flicker calculation so non-visible WTG do not contribute to calculated flicker values. A WTG will be visible if it is visible from any part of the receiver window. The ZVI calculation is based on the following assumptions:
201. Height contours used: Elevation Grid Data Object: Engie_TN_EMDGrid_0.wpg (1)
202. Obstacles used in calculation
203. Eye height for map: 1.5 m
204. Grid resolution: 1.0 m
205. Topographic shadow included in calculation
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Receptors The maximum horizontal distance between a receptor affected by shadow flicker and turbine location for example has been identified as being equal to the diameter of the turbine multiplied by ten. In this instance, turbine rotor diameter is 120 m; and therefore an area envelope of 1200 m from the nearest turbine is used in shadow flicker analyses. However, the shadow receptors have been taken into consideration falling within 500 m from each of the WTG as the impact of shadow flicker reduces with distance. Figure 7.1 presents identified shadow receptors present within 500 m of the wind turbines of the project turbines. A total of 76 receptors1 have been identified as being within the study area of the wind farm (falling under different villages). All the shadow receptors considered in this study are located within 500 m from any of the WTG location.
1 The receptors that were identified for this study was obtained from Google earth Imagery dated 04/09/ 2017 and have to be identified during the site visit
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Figure 7.1 Wind turbines and shadow receptors of the Wind Farm
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Shadow flicker analysis Calculated shadow flicker at each identified shadow receptor due to the proposed windfarm is presented in Table 7.25. Shadow main results and shadow graphical calendar illustrate the times of the year at each of the receptors in the analysis where theoretical shadow flicker was predicted to occur and shadow flicker map are provided in Appendix C.
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Table 7.25 Shadow Flicker Analysis at Each Receptor due to the Wind Farm Project
Recept Easting Northing Elevation Degrees Worst Case Scenario Real Case Scenario ors ID [m] [m] [m] from (south clock-wise) Shadow hours per Shadow days per Max shadow hours Shadow hours per year [°] year [h/year] year [days/year] per day [h/day] [h/year]
A 8,16,390 9,78,997 60.4 -131.6 00:00 0 00:00 00:00
B 8,18,376 9,80,911 68.3 -30.4 00:00 0 00:00 00:00
C 8,18,265 9,76,943 61.3 19.8 20:26 68 00:21 09:07
D 8,17,900 9,76,831 63.1 -21.9 26:41 58 00:32 11:52
E 8,18,214 9,77,481 65.7 0 00:00 0 00:00 00:00
F 8,13,592 9,76,221 43.6 -128.1 00:00 0 00:00 00:00
G 8,17,239 9,72,803 54.7 17.4 23:41 68 00:30 08:49
H 8,15,832 9,74,123 54.1 -107.5 37:03 98 00:29 14:33
I 8,26,276 9,75,377 36 69.7 06:59 30 00:17 03:02
J 8,24,709 9,78,460 45.6 0 00:00 0 00:00 00:00
K 8,18,253 9,69,314 56.6 -195.9 07:18 30 00:18 02:35
L 8,17,928 9,71,282 56.9 -150.6 00:00 0 00:00 00:00
M 8,23,143 9,80,130 50.2 314.6 09:44 34 00:21 03:33
N 8,23,251 9,74,061 44 -191.4 00:00 0 00:00 00:00
O 8,21,799 9,80,449 55.1 -56.8 55:48 88 00:43 20:54
P 8,29,139 9,79,387 35.9 -35.8 00:00 0 00:00 00:00
Q 8,27,818 9,78,888 33.2 -192.2 00:00 0 00:00 00:00
R 8,29,092 9,76,613 29 -19.3 00:00 0 00:00 00:00
S 8,28,181 9,74,809 29 -53.3 00:00 0 00:00 00:00
T 8,27,182 9,73,846 31 -35 00:00 0 00:00 00:00
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ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF A 252 IMPACT ASSESSMENT MW WIND POWER PROJECT IN THOOTHUKUDI DISTRICT OF TAMIL NADU Final Report Recept Easting Northing Elevation Degrees Worst Case Scenario Real Case Scenario ors ID [m] [m] [m] from (south clock-wise) Shadow hours per Shadow days per Max shadow hours Shadow hours per year [°] year [h/year] year [days/year] per day [h/day] [h/year]
U 8,24,831 9,73,745 37 -46.3 00:00 0 00:00 00:00
V 8,10,881 9,70,061 33.5 -118.2 00:00 0 00:00 00:00
W 8,13,511 9,70,910 36.6 0 00:00 0 00:00 00:00
X 8,14,753 9,77,459 50.7 47.5 00:00 0 00:00 00:00
Y 8,16,968 9,77,066 61 -19.6 00:00 0 00:00 00:00
Z 8,24,143 9,71,649 41 38.9 00:00 0 00:00 00:00
AA 8,23,221 9,68,259 47 -184.8 00:00 0 00:00 00:00
AB 8,21,204 9,67,152 54.5 -165.8 00:00 0 00:00 00:00
AC 8,21,571 9,66,729 51.8 -180.2 00:00 0 00:00 00:00
AD 8,13,141 9,77,160 45.5 -74.9 07:45 29 00:20 03:07
AE 8,13,952 9,77,620 47 -31.8 00:00 0 00:00 00:00
AF 8,20,469 9,83,072 60.2 82.2 58:49 79 00:58 24:56
AG 8,18,892 9,85,554 64.5 0 00:00 0 00:00 00:00
AH 8,23,307 9,85,057 51.5 -114.9 32:05 90 00:29 09:22
AI 8,28,477 9,80,881 37.1 0 00:00 0 00:00 00:00
AJ 8,25,937 9,82,544 41.4 -215.7 00:00 0 00:00 00:00
AK 8,24,834 9,83,115 44 -65.9 23:35 49 00:37 09:27
AL 8,28,140 9,84,299 47 -125.9 00:00 0 00:00 00:00
AM 8,27,675 9,85,163 51.4 -69.8 08:07 33 00:18 03:10
AN 8,27,229 9,86,986 60.9 50.1 00:00 0 00:00 00:00
AO 8,22,409 9,87,173 60.5 -64 27:45 59 00:37 10:51
AP 8,21,334 9,90,899 75.1 0 00:00 0 00:00 00:00 www.erm.com Version: 0.2 Project No.: 0441037 Client: Vivid Solaire Energy Private Limited (ENGIE Group) 23 March 2020 Page 131
ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF A 252 IMPACT ASSESSMENT MW WIND POWER PROJECT IN THOOTHUKUDI DISTRICT OF TAMIL NADU Final Report Recept Easting Northing Elevation Degrees Worst Case Scenario Real Case Scenario ors ID [m] [m] [m] from (south clock-wise) Shadow hours per Shadow days per Max shadow hours Shadow hours per year [°] year [h/year] year [days/year] per day [h/day] [h/year]
AQ 8,24,117 9,91,813 65.5 67.3 26:53 58 00:33 11:57
AR 8,25,169 9,91,494 64.1 82.1 00:00 0 00:00 00:00
AS 8,17,102 9,87,001 68.6 -87.4 00:00 0 00:00 00:00
AT 8,25,842 9,75,578 32.7 50.1 00:00 0 00:00 00:00
AU 8,17,573 9,74,090 61.6 -153.2 11:02 34 00:25 04:16
AV 8,18,067 9,72,907 56.2 -9.9 00:00 0 00:00 00:00
AW 8,14,377 9,68,078 35.4 0 41:51 96 00:37 16:19
AX 8,13,937 9,76,692 44.3 -121.2 16:29 38 00:33 04:08
AY 8,13,701 9,67,257 31.8 -91.6 34:06 60 00:43 13:05
AZ 8,14,742 9,68,398 37.6 -192.6 01:22 9 00:13 00:35
BA 8,15,723 9,66,672 43 -244.9 40:41 62 00:48 09:00
BB 8,16,395 9,67,509 45 -257.6 08:16 35 00:18 02:38
BC 8,16,780 9,67,879 49 -240.8 00:00 0 00:00 00:00
BD 8,13,348 9,68,788 29.2 56.1 33:22 60 00:43 14:28
BE 8,11,331 9,69,015 31.2 -71 06:51 31 00:16 02:41
BF 8,11,139 9,69,303 28 -88.7 00:00 0 00:00 00:00
BG 8,12,818 9,74,893 41.3 -39.6 00:00 0 00:00 00:00
BH 8,14,314 9,75,727 48.6 -16.9 00:00 0 00:00 00:00
BI 8,24,722 9,72,168 38.7 -82.5 51:41 73 00:55 20:59
BJ 8,15,435 9,67,349 40 -228.2 09:50 31 00:23 04:09
BK 8,25,813 9,73,395 32.4 -29.1 00:00 0 00:00 00:00
BL 8,20,050 9,75,525 58.1 -150.2 15:14 40 00:30 06:23 www.erm.com Version: 0.2 Project No.: 0441037 Client: Vivid Solaire Energy Private Limited (ENGIE Group) 23 March 2020 Page 132
ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF A 252 IMPACT ASSESSMENT MW WIND POWER PROJECT IN THOOTHUKUDI DISTRICT OF TAMIL NADU Final Report Recept Easting Northing Elevation Degrees Worst Case Scenario Real Case Scenario ors ID [m] [m] [m] from (south clock-wise) Shadow hours per Shadow days per Max shadow hours Shadow hours per year [°] year [h/year] year [days/year] per day [h/day] [h/year]
BM 8,28,916 9,79,011 31.5 -33.4 16:44 46 00:28 06:30
BN 8,24,712 9,73,083 36.6 42 00:00 0 00:00 00:00
BO 8,17,976 9,83,122 68 -83.8 00:00 0 00:00 00:00
BP 8,15,743 9,68,892 42.5 0 00:46 6 00:13 00:19
BQ 8,13,237 9,67,795 27 -168.4 00:00 0 00:00 00:00
BR 8,14,941 9,72,820 41.9 -79.1 128:25 141 01:35 51:03
BS 8,16,842 9,71,571 52.3 -153.9 00:00 0 00:00 00:00
BT 8,17,524 9,71,898 55.7 -238.5 00:00 0 00:00 00:00
BU 8,25,304 9,70,462 35.3 21.6 00:00 0 00:00 00:00
BV 8,25,064 9,71,430 35.7 -169.9 00:00 0 00:00 00:00
BW 8,24,594 9,88,877 57 -182.2 32:36 77 00:34 09:05
BX 8,18,069 9,76,815 62.6 0 21:09 61 00:27 09:20
(Figures highlighted represent greater than 30 hours per year of shadow flicker in worst and real case scenario) Note: Colour coding used to represent exceedance from applicable standards is as follows: Shadow hours per year Max. shadow hours per day > 120 hr/year 01:30 hr/day 120 hr/year < x < 60 hr/year 01:30 hr/day < x < 01:00 hr/day 60 hr/year < x < 30 hr/year 01:00 hr/day < x < 0:30 hr/day < 30 hr/year < 00:30 hr/day
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Impact Assessment Given the guidelines of 30 hours or less per year is considered to be acceptable, the operation of the wind farm theoretically results in shadow flicker impacts that could be considered as significant for the purposes of this study. The results show that theoretical shadow flickers impact in real case scenario occur at 1 shadow receptor out of total 76 receptors identified within the 500 m zone around the WTGs, whereas in the worst case scenario 11 shadow receptors would be affected. In the real case scenario, maximum shadow flicker would occur at receptor ‘BR’, located close to the wind turbine #027, with a maximum of 51:03 hr/year. All other receptors would have shadow flicker less than 30:00 hr/year in real case scenario. It is relevant to emphasise that predicted hours of shadow flicker effects are real case scenarios with certain assumptions. Assumptions made during the analysis include optimal meteorological, natural light and geometrical conditions for the generation of shadow flicker. The assessment does not account for trees or other obstructions that intervene between receptor and turbine during times when effects may occur. The assessment calculation is therefore an over estimation in the probability of effects. It should also be noted that for shadow effects to occur, properties need to be occupied, with blinds or curtains open and views to the wind turbine unobstructed. Considering the small impact magnitude for 1 receptor and negligible for all other receptors, the impact significance is minor to negligible.
Table 7.26 Impact Significance of Shadow Flickering pertaining to the Project WTGs Impact Shadow Flickering during Operation Phase – real case scenario Impact Nature Negative Positive Neutral Impact Type Direct Indirect Induced Impact Duration Temporary Short-term Long-term Permanent Impact Extent Local Regional International Within 500 m from the WTGs on the receptors in the NE-SE and NW-SW Impact Scale direction of the WTGs Positive Negligible Small Medium Large Impact magnitude varies based on distance of receptors from the WTGs and their orientation. Out of the 76 receptors identified in the study, impact Impact Magnitude magnitude ,: ■ Large impact (>120 hr/year): None ■ Medium impact (120 < x < 60 hr/year): None ■ Small impact (30 < x < 60 hr/year): 1 ■ Negligible impact (<30 hr/year): 75 Negligible Low Medium High Receptor Sensitivity Receptors present within 500 m zone are scattered houses Negligible Minor Moderate Major Impact Significance Minor for 1 receptor and negligible for all other receptors. Residual Impact Positive Negligible Small Medium Major Magnitude Residual Impact Negligible Minor Moderate Major Significance Significance of impact is considered to be negligible.
7.2.5.7 Mitigation Measures There needs to be close monitoring through engagement with residents during the operation phase where there are predicted impacts from shadow flicker. The likelihood of direct line of sight to the
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ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF A 252 IMPACT ASSESSMENT MW WIND POWER PROJECT IN THOOTHUKUDI DISTRICT OF TAMIL NADU Final Report location of a turbine location can be assessed visually and the potential for using screening like higher fencing and planting trees can be explored at problem locations. The use of curtains can also be explored at the individual residences. If these prove effective and the impacts mitigated, the shutting down of turbines during certain environmental conditions, which meet the physical requirements for theoretical shadow flicker to occur, will not be required. Should the impact of shadow flicker be identified and the mitigation measures proposed above prove ineffective, further analysis can be carried out to identify the exact timings and conditions under which shadow flicker occurs and a technical solution sought. This is likely to involve pre-programming the turbine with dates and times when shadow flicker can cause a nuisance for nearby receptors. A photosensitive cell can be used to monitor sunlight and the turbine could potentially then be shut down, when the strength of the sun, wind speed and the angle and position of the sub combines to cause a flicker nuisance.
7.2.5.8 Assessment of Residual Impacts The results of the WindPro shadow flicker assessment show a real case estimate with certain assumptions and the mitigation measures above will be implemented for the identified properties that experiences shadow flicker. Residual impacts following the application of required mitigation measures, as discussed above, is likely to result in negligible impacts.
7.2.6 Ambient Noise Levels
7.2.6.1 Criteria The ambient noise levels have been assessed with respect to Noise Pollution (Regulation and Control) Rules, 2000 and WHO Guidelines as shown in Table 7-27 and Table 7-28.
Table 7-27 Ambient noise quality standards (1)
Area Code Category of Area Limits in dB(A) Leq* Day Time Night Time (A) Industrial Area 75 70 (B) Commercial Area 65 55 (C) Residential Area 55 45 (D) Silence Zone 50 40
Note: 1. Day time shall mean from 6.00 a.m. and 10.00 p.m. 2. Night time shall mean from 10.00 p.m. and 6.00 a.m. 3. Silence zone is an area comprising not less than 100 metres around hospitals, educational institutions, courts, religious places or any other area which is declared as such by the competent authority. 4. Mixed categories of areas may be declared as one of the four above mentioned categories by the competent authority. * dB(A) Leq denotes the time weighted average of the level of sound in decibels on scale A which is relatable to human hearing. A “decibel” is a unit in which noise is measured. “A”, in dB (A) Leq,
(1) Source: Schedule of The Noise Pollution (Regulation and Control) Rules, 2000 vide S. O. 123(E), dated 14.2.2000 and subsequently amended vide S.O. 1046(E), dated 22.11.2000, S.O. 1088(E), dated 11.10.2002, S.O. 1569 (E), dated 19.09.2006 and S.O. 50 (E) dated 11.01.2010 under the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986
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ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF A 252 IMPACT ASSESSMENT MW WIND POWER PROJECT IN THOOTHUKUDI DISTRICT OF TAMIL NADU Final Report denotes the frequency weighting in the measurement of noise and corresponds to frequency response characteristics of the human ear. Leq: It is energy mean of the noise level over a specified period.
Table 7-28 Noise emission criteria
Location Noise Level Limit (dB(A)
Daytime (0700 – 2200 hrs) Night-time (2200 – 0700 hrs)
Industrial; commercial 70 70
Residential; institutional; 55 45 educational
Source: Guidelines values are for noise levels measured out of doors. Source: Guidelines for Community Noise, World Health Organisation (WHO), 1999.
The above standards have been utilized to create a sensitivity criteria for ambient noise and criteria for impact magnitude for assessment of impact to ambient noise
Table 7-29 Sensitivity criteria for ambient noise
Sensitivity Criteria Contributing Criteria
Human Receptors Ecological Receptors
Low Industrial Use Locally designated sites; and/or areas of specific ecological interest, not subject to statutory protection (for example, as defined by the project ecology team).
Medium Residential and Recreational place Nationally designated sites.
High Educational/ Religious/ Medical Internationally designated sites. Facilities
Table 7-30 Criteria for impact magnitude for assessment of impact to ambient noise
Magnitude Negligible Small Medium Large Criteria
Noise Quality Predicted noise Predicted noise Predicted noise Predicted noise levels are at or less levels are 3 to less levels are between levels are more than 3 dB (A) than 5 dB (A) 5 and 10 dB (A) than 10 dB (A) above the relevant above the relevant above the relevant above the relevant limits / thresholds. limits / thresholds. limits / thresholds. limits / thresholds.
Short term Medium Term Long term exposure (Few Exposure (1 to 6 exposure (> 6 hours in a day and months) months) not continuous)
7.2.6.2 Context Although the project is located on flat land, villages are located within the project AoI and would therefore prescribes to CPCB and WHO standards set for residential areas (Day time Leq = 55).
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ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF A 252 IMPACT ASSESSMENT MW WIND POWER PROJECT IN THOOTHUKUDI DISTRICT OF TAMIL NADU Final Report
7.2.6.3 Receptor Sensitivity The receptor sensitivity has been assessed as medium as per the criteria set in Table 7-29 as 20 of the 126 proposed WTG locations have residential and recreational receptors within the impact zone of 500 m.
7.2.6.4 Receptors A total of 76 receptors present within 500 m of the WTGs are considered as noise sensitive receptors in this study, as can be observed in Figure 7.1. In addition to that 3 locations, where noise monitoring was carried out to check the background noise levels without the wind farm are also used as noise sensitive receptors in this study. There will also be a possibility of noise generation and their impacts on houses near the access roads (leading to the Project), which are utilised by vehicles associated with the Project. Noise impacts during the construction phase are expected to be transient in nature.
Construction Phase The list of project activities that might result in noise impacts is given below:
206. Noise from heavy vehicular traffic movement;
207. Noise from increased workforce and construction/demolition;
208. Noise from cranes, drillers, bulldozers, excavators, etc.; and
209. Noise from DG sets. Construction work is expected to last for approximately 1 year and construction activities will be restricted to day time. Noise generation from select construction equipment and machinery utilized in the construction of a wind farm are presented in Table 7-31. Specific information about types, quantities, and operating schedules of the construction equipment was not available at the time of assessment and therefore, assumptions have made regarding the type, number and Sound Power Levels (SPLs) of construction equipment, based on similar projects and publicly available data. It has been assumed that only one of each type of equipment will be on-site during any day or night period. Re-assessment of noise levels may be required if the actual construction equipment inventory and SPL vary from the assumed list.
Table 7-31 Assumed construction equipment sound pressure level inventory Construction Equipment Average Noise Level at 50ft [dB(A)]
Bulldozer 82 Backhoe 78 Loaders 79 Vibratory roller 102 Fuel truck 85 Cranes 81 Dump truck 76 Grader 85 Compressors 78 Generators 85 Rock drill 81 Grader 85 Concrete mixer truck 79 Concrete pump truck 81 Scraper 85
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ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF A 252 IMPACT ASSESSMENT MW WIND POWER PROJECT IN THOOTHUKUDI DISTRICT OF TAMIL NADU Final Report
Source: The SPLs of the construction equipment have been taken from FHWA noise specification 721.5601 and ERM’s internal database.
7.2.6.5 Significance of Impact There are 20 settlements/structures within a 500m radius of the WTGs leading to noise levels to increase near those settlement during the construction phase. The noise levels will likely increase at other settlements as well when vehicles and heavy earth machinery that are associated with the project utilise village roads (both bituminous and non-bituminous) to get to the WTG locations. Therefore, the impact magnitude is considered to be medium. Taking the above facts into account, the overall impact significance for ambient noise levels during the construction phase has been assessed to be moderate. Based on the above, after incorporating the mitigation measures the residual impact significance is assessed to be minor.
Mitigation measures The following mitigation measures are proposed to reduce noise impacts on surrounding receptors during the construction of the Project:
210. Limit the number of heavy vehicles required for the Project to only those that are necessary;
211. Access roads for the Project should avoid villages and communities to prevent noise from heavy vehicular traffic to the extent possible;
212. Heavy vehicles should limit use of engine breaking to prevent excessive noise;
213. All construction work should be carried out during daytime hours (6:00 am to 10:00 am as per CPCB limits); and
214. Vehicles and equipment used for the Project should be well maintained and oiled to prevent excess noise during construction.
Table 7-32 Impact as a result of generation of noise from construction activities
Impact Noise Generation Impact Nature Negative Positive Neutral Impact Type Direct Indirect Induced Impact Duration Temporary Short-term Long-term Permanent Impact Extent Local Regional International Impact Scale Limited to Project footprint area and surrounding communities Frequency Construction Phase Likelihood Likely Impact Magnitude Positive Negligible Small Medium Large Resource Sensitivity Low Medium High Negligible Minor Moderate Major Impact Significance Significance of impact is considered moderate. Residual Impact Positive Negligible Small Medium Large Magnitude Resource Sensitivity Low Medium High
1 Construction Noise Handbook. FHWA-HEP-06-15; DOTVNTSC-FHWA-06-02; NTIS No. PB2006-109102. Final Report August 2006 (updated5/20/2010). www.erm.com Version: 0.2 Project No.: 0441037 Client: Vivid Solaire Energy Private Limited (ENGIE Group) 23 March 2020 Page 138 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF A 252 IMPACT ASSESSMENT MW WIND POWER PROJECT IN THOOTHUKUDI DISTRICT OF TAMIL NADU Final Report Residual Impact Negligible Minor Moderate Major Significance Significance of impact is considered minor. Operation Phase 7.2.6.6 Sources of Wind Turbine Sound The emanation of noise form the operation of WTGs is of the following two types: (a) mechanical noise, from interaction of turbine components; and (b) aerodynamic noise, produced by the flow of air over blades. Mechanical sounds originate from the relative motion of mechanical components and the dynamic response among them. Sources of such sounds include: 215. Gearbox 216. Generator 217. Yaw drives 218. Cooling fans 219. Auxiliary equipment (e.g. hydraulics) Aerodynamic sound is typically the largest component of wind turbine acoustic emissions. It originates from the flow of air around the blades. Aerodynamic sound generally increases with rotor speed. The Project will have 126WTGs of Vestas V120 with a rated capacity of 2.2 MW each and rotor diameter of 120 m. The hub height will be 120 m. The noise generation from the turbines have been taken into consideration during strong wind conditions (with wind velocity ≥ 8 m/s at 10 m height, which is equivalent to about 11.5 m/s at hub height) for the noise assessment to consider worst case scenario. Based on the available information from the turbine manufacturer, following are the noise generation due to the wind turbines (Table 7.33): Table 7.33 Noise Generation from WTGs Wind Velocity at 10 m height (m/s) Noise Generation [dB(A)] at Hub Height 3.0 96.8 6.0 105.1 9.0 107.5 Source: WindPro database Receptors A total of 76 receptors considered in the shadow flicker study present within 500 m of the WTGs are considered as noise sensitive receptors in this study. In addition to that 3 locations (refer to Table 7.34), where noise monitoring was carried out to check the background noise levels without the wind farm are also used as noise sensitive receptors in this study. Table 7.34 Noise Sensitive Receptors SN. Location Sample Zone Easting Northing Distance and direction to Nearest Code (mE) (mN) WTG 1 Poovani N1 43 818,295 976,926 490 m from WTG #028 2. Paraikuttam N2 43 821,945 980,420 550m from WTG #022 3 Chavalaperi N3 43 813,937 976,692 560 m from WTG #030 www.erm.com Version: 0.2 Project No.: 0441037 Client: Vivid Solaire Energy Private Limited (ENGIE Group) 23 March 2020 Page 139 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF A 252 IMPACT ASSESSMENT MW WIND POWER PROJECT IN THOOTHUKUDI DISTRICT OF TAMIL NADU Final Report Embedded/in-built control 220. Regular maintenance of WTGs; 221. Periodic monitoring of noise near to the sources of generation to ensure compliance with design specification; Prediction of Impacts Methodology: The environmental noise prediction module (NORD 2000) of WindPro 3.2 was used for modelling noise emissions from the WTGs. In order to consider worst case scenario (with strong wind conditions), it has been assumed that the WTGs are operational at standardised wind speed of ≥ 8 m/s at 10 m height1. Operating of WTGs with 100% usage scenario was modelled to cover the operation phase of the Project. In addition, to represent a worst-case scenario for the assessment, all WTGs were assumed to be operating simultaneously and for 24 hours. Noise generation had been considered at the hub height of 120 m above ground. Local terrain has been considered for putting noise sources as well as receptors in the model. It has been assumed that the noise sensitive receptors are always in downwind direction to consider the worst case scenario. The geo-profile of the area has been considered to define the area types and relative roughness and surface hardness in order to consider the surface absorption and reflection. Predicted Noise Levels at Receptors: The predicted noise levels within the study domain at 79 receptors during day and night-time with cloudy conditions (which provide a stable atmospheric condition and is suitable for worst case consideration) and with strong wind conditions (refer to Table 7.33) are presented in Table 7.35. Detailed noise assessment results during day and night time are presented in Appendix D. 1 IEC profile shear has been considered as z0 = 0.05 m www.erm.com Version: 0.2 Project No.: 0441037 Client: Vivid Solaire Energy Private Limited (ENGIE Group) 23 March 2020 Page 140 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF A 252 IMPACT ASSESSMENT MW WIND POWER PROJECT IN THOOTHUKUDI DISTRICT OF TAMIL NADU Final Report Table 7.35 Predicted Noise Levels at Noise Sensitive Receptors during Operation Phase with Strong Wind Conditions and Most Downwind Conditions Receptor Easting Northing Elevation Predicted Noise Level at Background Noise Levels Overall Noise Level at Applicable Standard as per Code [mE] [mN] [m] Receptors (dBA) (dBA) (3) Receptors (Predicted + Land use (dBA)(4), (5) Background), Leq (dBA) Leq day(1) Leq night (2) Leq day Leq night Leq day Leq night Leq day Leq night A 8,16,390 9,78,997 60.4 32.9 33.4 49.6 44.1 49.7 44.5 55.0 45.0 B 8,18,376 9,80,911 68.3 39.6 40.2 49.6 44.1 50.0 45.6 55.0 45.0 C 8,18,265 9,76,943 61.3 42.5 43.0 49.6 44.1 50.4 46.6 55.0 45.0 D 8,17,900 9,76,831 63.1 44.3 44.8 49.6 44.1 50.7 47.5 55.0 45.0 E 8,18,214 9,77,481 65.7 37.9 38.5 49.6 44.1 49.9 45.2 55.0 45.0 F 8,13,592 9,76,221 43.6 36.5 37.2 49.6 44.1 49.8 44.9 55.0 45.0 G 8,17,239 9,72,803 54.7 43.5 44.2 49.6 44.1 50.6 47.2 55.0 45.0 H 8,15,832 9,74,123 54.1 42.9 43.6 49.6 44.1 50.4 46.9 55.0 45.0 I 8,26,276 9,75,377 36 36.1 36.7 49.6 44.1 49.8 44.8 55.0 45.0 J 8,24,709 9,78,460 45.6 39.5 40.2 49.6 44.1 50.0 45.6 55.0 45.0 K 8,18,253 9,69,314 56.6 39.2 39.9 49.6 44.1 50.0 45.5 55.0 45.0 L 8,17,928 9,71,282 56.9 40.8 41.5 49.6 44.1 50.1 46.0 55.0 45.0 M 8,23,143 9,80,130 50.2 40.2 40.8 49.6 44.1 50.1 45.8 55.0 45.0 N 8,23,251 9,74,061 44 41.8 42.4 49.6 44.1 50.3 46.3 55.0 45.0 O 8,21,799 9,80,449 55.1 39.7 40.3 49.6 44.1 50.0 45.6 55.0 45.0 P 8,29,139 9,79,387 35.9 41.1 41.7 49.6 44.1 50.2 46.1 55.0 45.0 Q 8,27,818 9,78,888 33.2 41.8 42.4 49.6 44.1 50.3 46.3 55.0 45.0 R 8,29,092 9,76,613 29 33.7 34.3 49.6 44.1 49.7 44.5 55.0 45.0 www.erm.com Version: 0.2 Project No.: 0441037 Client: Vivid Solaire Energy Private Limited (ENGIE Group) 23 March 2020 Page 141 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF A 252 IMPACT ASSESSMENT MW WIND POWER PROJECT IN THOOTHUKUDI DISTRICT OF TAMIL NADU Final Report Receptor Easting Northing Elevation Predicted Noise Level at Background Noise Levels Overall Noise Level at Applicable Standard as per Code [mE] [mN] [m] Receptors (dBA) (dBA) (3) Receptors (Predicted + Land use (dBA)(4), (5) Background), Leq (dBA) Leq day(1) Leq night (2) Leq day Leq night Leq day Leq night Leq day Leq night S 8,28,181 9,74,809 29 41.3 41.8 49.6 44.1 50.2 46.1 55.0 45.0 T 8,27,182 9,73,846 31 35.2 35.7 49.6 44.1 49.8 44.7 55.0 45.0 U 8,24,831 9,73,745 37 38.3 39.0 49.6 44.1 49.9 45.3 55.0 45.0 V 8,10,881 9,70,061 33.5 35.7 36.3 49.6 44.1 49.8 44.8 55.0 45.0 W 8,13,511 9,70,910 36.6 38.3 39.1 49.6 44.1 49.9 45.3 55.0 45.0 X 8,14,753 9,77,459 50.7 40.2 40.7 49.6 44.1 50.1 45.7 55.0 45.0 Y 8,16,968 9,77,066 61 40.5 41.0 49.6 44.1 50.1 45.8 55.0 45.0 Z 8,24,143 9,71,649 41 41.7 42.3 49.6 44.1 50.3 46.3 55.0 45.0 AA 8,23,221 9,68,259 47 38.8 39.5 49.6 44.1 49.9 45.4 55.0 45.0 AB 8,21,204 9,67,152 54.5 40.3 40.9 49.6 44.1 50.1 45.8 55.0 45.0 AC 8,21,571 9,66,729 51.8 36.0 36.7 49.6 44.1 49.8 44.8 55.0 45.0 AD 8,13,141 9,77,160 45.5 36.2 36.8 49.6 44.1 49.8 44.8 55.0 45.0 AE 8,13,952 9,77,620 47 37.6 38.1 49.6 44.1 49.9 45.1 55.0 45.0 AF 8,20,469 9,83,072 60.2 44.6 45.1 49.6 44.1 50.8 47.6 55.0 45.0 AG 8,18,892 9,85,554 64.5 35.9 36.5 49.6 44.1 49.8 44.8 55.0 45.0 AH 8,23,307 9,85,057 51.5 37.6 38.2 49.6 44.1 49.9 45.1 55.0 45.0 AI 8,28,477 9,80,881 37.1 36.1 36.8 49.6 44.1 49.8 44.8 55.0 45.0 AJ 8,25,937 9,82,544 41.4 41.4 41.9 49.6 44.1 50.2 46.1 55.0 45.0 AK 8,24,834 9,83,115 44 39.1 39.7 49.6 44.1 50.0 45.4 55.0 45.0 AL 8,28,140 9,84,299 47 35.8 36.4 49.6 44.1 49.8 44.8 55.0 45.0 www.erm.com Version: 0.2 Project No.: 0441037 Client: Vivid Solaire Energy Private Limited (ENGIE Group) 23 March 2020 Page 142 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF A 252 IMPACT ASSESSMENT MW WIND POWER PROJECT IN THOOTHUKUDI DISTRICT OF TAMIL NADU Final Report Receptor Easting Northing Elevation Predicted Noise Level at Background Noise Levels Overall Noise Level at Applicable Standard as per Code [mE] [mN] [m] Receptors (dBA) (dBA) (3) Receptors (Predicted + Land use (dBA)(4), (5) Background), Leq (dBA) Leq day(1) Leq night (2) Leq day Leq night Leq day Leq night Leq day Leq night AM 8,27,675 9,85,163 51.4 34.1 34.6 49.6 44.1 49.7 44.6 55.0 45.0 AN 8,27,229 9,86,986 60.9 34.0 34.5 49.6 44.1 49.7 44.6 55.0 45.0 AO 8,22,409 9,87,173 60.5 39.9 40.6 49.6 44.1 50.0 45.7 55.0 45.0 AP 8,21,334 9,90,899 75.1 41.8 42.5 49.6 44.1 50.3 46.4 55.0 45.0 AQ 8,24,117 9,91,813 65.5 37.2 37.9 49.6 44.1 49.8 45.0 55.0 45.0 AR 8,25,169 9,91,494 64.1 34.2 34.8 49.6 44.1 49.7 44.6 55.0 45.0 AS 8,17,102 9,87,001 68.6 29.7 29.9 49.6 44.1 49.6 44.3 55.0 45.0 AT 8,25,842 9,75,578 32.7 37.3 38.0 49.6 44.1 49.8 45.1 55.0 45.0 AU 8,17,573 9,74,090 61.6 44.1 44.8 49.6 44.1 50.7 47.5 55.0 45.0 AV 8,18,067 9,72,907 56.2 41.7 42.4 49.6 44.1 50.3 46.3 55.0 45.0 AW 8,14,377 9,68,078 35.4 43.4 44.1 49.6 44.1 50.5 47.1 55.0 45.0 AX 8,13,937 9,76,692 44.3 41.2 41.7 49.6 44.1 50.2 46.1 55.0 45.0 AY 8,13,701 9,67,257 31.8 41.9 42.6 49.6 44.1 50.3 46.4 55.0 45.0 AZ 8,14,742 9,68,398 37.6 44.8 45.5 49.6 44.1 50.8 47.9 55.0 45.0 BA 8,15,723 9,66,672 43 42.0 42.6 49.6 44.1 50.3 46.4 55.0 45.0 BB 8,16,395 9,67,509 45 38.5 39.3 49.6 44.1 49.9 45.3 55.0 45.0 BC 8,16,780 9,67,879 49 38.1 38.8 49.6 44.1 49.9 45.2 55.0 45.0 BD 8,13,348 9,68,788 29.2 44.9 45.6 49.6 44.1 50.9 47.9 55.0 45.0 BE 8,11,331 9,69,015 31.2 35.9 36.6 49.6 44.1 49.8 44.8 55.0 45.0 BF 8,11,139 9,69,303 28 35.5 36.1 49.6 44.1 49.8 44.7 55.0 45.0 www.erm.com Version: 0.2 Project No.: 0441037 Client: Vivid Solaire Energy Private Limited (ENGIE Group) 23 March 2020 Page 143 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF A 252 IMPACT ASSESSMENT MW WIND POWER PROJECT IN THOOTHUKUDI DISTRICT OF TAMIL NADU Final Report Receptor Easting Northing Elevation Predicted Noise Level at Background Noise Levels Overall Noise Level at Applicable Standard as per Code [mE] [mN] [m] Receptors (dBA) (dBA) (3) Receptors (Predicted + Land use (dBA)(4), (5) Background), Leq (dBA) Leq day(1) Leq night (2) Leq day Leq night Leq day Leq night Leq day Leq night BG 8,12,818 9,74,893 41.3 35.5 36.1 49.6 44.1 49.8 44.7 55.0 45.0 BH 8,14,314 9,75,727 48.6 38.5 39.2 49.6 44.1 49.9 45.3 55.0 45.0 BI 8,24,722 9,72,168 38.7 44.4 44.9 49.6 44.1 50.7 47.5 55.0 45.0 BJ 8,15,435 9,67,349 40 44.7 45.3 49.6 44.1 50.8 47.8 55.0 45.0 BK 8,25,813 9,73,395 32.4 46.0 46.3 49.6 44.1 51.2 48.3 55.0 45.0 BL 8,20,050 9,75,525 58.1 47.6 48.1 49.6 44.1 51.7 49.6 55.0 45.0 BM 8,28,916 9,79,011 31.5 41.8 42.4 49.6 44.1 50.3 46.3 55.0 45.0 BN 8,24,712 9,73,083 36.6 40.0 40.7 49.6 44.1 50.1 45.7 55.0 45.0 BO 8,17,976 9,83,122 68 34.2 34.8 49.6 44.1 49.7 44.6 55.0 45.0 BP 8,15,743 9,68,892 42.5 46.7 47.2 49.6 44.1 51.4 48.9 55.0 45.0 BQ 8,13,237 9,67,795 27 48.0 48.4 49.6 44.1 51.9 49.8 55.0 45.0 BR 8,14,941 9,72,820 41.9 48.0 48.5 49.6 44.1 51.9 49.8 55.0 45.0 BS 8,16,842 9,71,571 52.3 42.9 43.6 49.6 44.1 50.4 46.9 55.0 45.0 BT 8,17,524 9,71,898 55.7 44.2 44.8 49.6 44.1 50.7 47.5 55.0 45.0 BU 8,25,304 9,70,462 35.3 40.9 41.5 49.6 44.1 50.1 46.0 55.0 45.0 BV 8,25,064 9,71,430 35.7 40.4 41.1 49.6 44.1 50.1 45.9 55.0 45.0 BW 8,24,594 9,88,877 57 47.8 48.2 49.6 44.1 51.8 49.6 55.0 45.0 BX 8,18,069 9,76,815 62.6 45.8 46.1 49.6 44.1 51.1 48.2 55.0 45.0 N1 8,18,295 9,76,926 63.8 43.0 43.5 49.6 44.1 50.5 46.8 55.0 45.0 N2 8,21,945 9,80,420 51.8 41.6 42.1 56.2 51.5 56.3 52.0 55.0 45.0 www.erm.com Version: 0.2 Project No.: 0441037 Client: Vivid Solaire Energy Private Limited (ENGIE Group) 23 March 2020 Page 144 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF A 252 IMPACT ASSESSMENT MW WIND POWER PROJECT IN THOOTHUKUDI DISTRICT OF TAMIL NADU Final Report Receptor Easting Northing Elevation Predicted Noise Level at Background Noise Levels Overall Noise Level at Applicable Standard as per Code [mE] [mN] [m] Receptors (dBA) (dBA) (3) Receptors (Predicted + Land use (dBA)(4), (5) Background), Leq (dBA) Leq day(1) Leq night (2) Leq day Leq night Leq day Leq night Leq day Leq night N3 8,13,937 9,76,692 44.3 41.2 41.7 52.1 44.1 52.4 46.1 55.0 45.0 Note: (1) Leq day has been predicted with average temperature of 25°C and clouded sky. (2) Leq night has been predicted with average temperature of 15°C and clouded sky. (3) Background noise levels during day and night time for N1 to N3 are based on baseline noise monitoring carried out, whereas for other receptors background noise levels were considered as minimum of monitored noise level during day and night time, because these receptors are scattered structures. (4) IFC/WB EHS Guidelines: Noise Management dated April 30, 2007 gives, Noise level guidelines for Residential; institutional and educational receptors in daytime (07:22:00) and night time (22:00-7:00) as 55 and 45 one hour Leq dB(A) respectively. For industrial and commercial receptors it is 70 one hour Leq dB(A) for both night and day time. (5) Noise standards notified by the MoEF vide gazette notification dated 14 February 2000 as amended in January 2010 based on the A weighted equivalent noise level (Leq) for residential areas Note: Colour coding used to represent exceedance from applicable standards is as follows: > 10 dB(A) 10 dB(A) < x < 5 dB(A) 5 dB(A) < x < 3 dB(A) < 3 dB(A) www.erm.com Version: 0.2 Project No.: 0441037 Client: Vivid Solaire Energy Private Limited (ENGIE Group) 23 March 2020 Page 145 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF A 252 IMPACT ASSESSMENT MW WIND POWER PROJECT IN THOOTHUKUDI DISTRICT OF TAMIL NADU Final Report Impact Significance It is evident from Table 7.35 that during daytime overall noise levels (background + predicted) due to operation of WTGs at 78 receptors are well within the applicable noise standards for day time, whereas only at one receptor (N2) the exceedance is less than 3 dB(A)26. Therefore, the impact magnitude is considered to be negligible (refer to Table 7-30). Therefore, the impact of noise on identified receptors due to operation of WTGs during daytime will be negligible. Table 7.36 Impact Significance of Project Induced Noise during daytime Impact Noise generation from operation of the WTGs – Day time Impact Nature Negative Positive Neutral Impact Type Direct Indirect Induced Impact Duration Temporary Short-term Long-term Permanent Impact Extent Local Regional International Impact Scale Limited to within 200 m of WTGs. Impact Magnitude Positive Negligible Small Medium Large Resource Sensitivity Low Medium High Negligible Minor Moderate Major Impact Significance Significance of impact is considered as negligible for all the receptors. During night time predicted noise levels due to operation of WTGs at 19 receptors will be well within the applicable standard for night time and additionally 52 receptors will be having noise level exceedance less than 3 dB(A) of applicable standards. Therefore the impact magnitude for 71 receptors will have negligible impact magnitude. Furthermore, out of remaining 8 receptors, 7 will be having noise level exceedance more than 3 dB(A) but less than 5 dB(A) and only at one receptor the noise level exceedance will be more than 5 dB(A) but less than 10 dB(A) during night time27. The impact magnitude based on magnitude criteria as defined in Table 7-30 will be as follows: 222. Small impact magnitude : 7 receptors 223. Medium impact magnitude: 1 receptors 224. Large impact magnitude : 0 receptors Considering this the impact magnitude during night time will vary from negligible to moderate depending upon receptor distance from the WTGs. Table 7.37 Impact Significance of Project Induced Noise during Night time Noise generation from operation of the WTGs – Night time (moderate wind Impact condition) Impact Nature Negative Positive Neutral Impact Type Direct Indirect Induced Impact Duration Temporary Short-term Long-term Permanent Impact Extent Local Regional International Impact Scale Limited to within 250m of WTGs. Impact Magnitude Positive Negligible Small Medium Large Resource Sensitivity Low Medium High Impact Significance Negligible Minor Moderate Major 26 Incremental noise levels (predicted - background) more than 3 dB(A) were observed at 16 receptors out of total 46 receptors considered in this study. 27 Incremental noise levels (predicted - background) more than 3 dB(A) were observed at 31 receptors out of total 46 receptors considered in this study. www.erm.com Version: 0.2 Project No.: 0441037 Client: Vivid Solaire Energy Private Limited (ENGIE Group) 23 March 2020 Page 146 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF A 252 IMPACT ASSESSMENT MW WIND POWER PROJECT IN THOOTHUKUDI DISTRICT OF TAMIL NADU Final Report Significance of impact is considered as negligible to major depending upon receptor distance from the WTGs. Residual Impact Positive Negligible Small Medium Major Magnitude Negligible Minor Moderate Major Residual Impact Significance of impact is considered to be minor to negligible depending Significance upon distance of receptor from WTGs Mitigation Measures To mitigate operational noise impacts, if any during the operation phase, following measures are proposed: 225. Regular maintenance of WTGs. 226. Periodic monitoring of noise near to the sources of generation to ensure compliance with design specification. 227. Provide noise barriers near receptors with predicted noise levels exceeding more than 10 dB(A) of applicable standards during night time. 228. Half yearly monitoring of ambient noise levels (during day and night time) at identified residential receptors for determination of actual impact due to operation of WTGs. Decommissioning Phase For the decommissioning phase, the impacts will be similar to that of the construction phase for ambient noise. 7.3 Key Ecological Impacts Interactions that are likely to lead to significant impacts on ecology within the study area are presented in Table 7-38. Table 7-38 Identified interactions that are likely to lead to significant impacts S.N. Potential Impacts Causes of Impacts 1. Clearance of vegetation for ■ Loss of scrub habitat that may be used by foraging, construction of access roads, shelter and shade; ■ Potential to destabilize soil layer and increased ancillary facilities and establishment chances of sedimentation of water bodies within a 1 of the wind turbine generators km radius; ■ Loss of burrowing habitat for fossorial species if soil layers are destabilized; and ■ Loss of spill over or transition habitat from the nearby wildlife sanctuaries. 2. Collision risk from movement of ■ Operation of the wind farm can act as a hazard to wind turbine blades flying fauna because of collision risks and small changes in pressure created by the blade movement; ■ Impact to nocturnal animals that cannot compensate for the variable movement of the wind turbine blades from a long distance away; and ■ Presence of multiple wind farms in the area and the potential to cause displacement or barriers to movement of flying fauna in the region. 3. Electrocution risk from increase ■ Roosting or nesting on transmission towers and lines transmission line laying in the as observed in previously established wind farms in the region, may cause an electrocution risk; and region ■ Transmission lines sited near water bodies, forest patches or the wildlife sanctuaries may have an increased risk of electrocution. www.erm.com Version: 0.2 Project No.: 0441037 Client: Vivid Solaire Energy Private Limited (ENGIE Group) 23 March 2020 Page 147 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF A 252 IMPACT ASSESSMENT MW WIND POWER PROJECT IN THOOTHUKUDI DISTRICT OF TAMIL NADU Final Report S.N. Potential Impacts Causes of Impacts 4. Disturbance and displacement of ■ Increased movement of people and vehicles can species due to noise, light, increase the stress levels of fauna that causes them to spend an increased amount of time in alert mode anthropogenic movement and traffic instead of foraging, nesting, socializing or mating; and ■ Noise, light and uncovered waste can attract or repel fauna to or from the wind farm. 5. Mortality as a result of worker influx ■ The Project site is located near two wildlife sanctuaries and increased hunting, trapping and and therefore an influx of workers to the area can result in increased human-wildlife conflicts. poaching of wildlife 7.3.1 Assessment Criteria ERM Impact Assessment standard defines sensitivity of ecological receptors by determining the resource sensitivity for species and habitat separately. The impact assessment criteria are given in Table 7.32 and Table 7.33. www.erm.com Version: 0.2 Project No.: 0441037 Client: Vivid Solaire Energy Private Limited (ENGIE Group) 23 March 2020 Page 148 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF A 252 IMPACT ASSESSMENT MW WIND POWER PROJECT IN THOOTHUKUDI DISTRICT OF TAMIL NADU Final Report Table 7-39 Habitat Impact Assessment Criteria Habitat Sensitivity/ Value Magnitude of Effect on Baseline Habitats Negligible Small Medium Large Effect is within Affects only a small Affects part of the Affects the entire habitat, the normal area of habitat, such habitat but does not or a significant portion of range of that there is no loss of threaten the long-term it, and the long-term variation viability/ function of the viability/ function of viability/ function of the habitat the habitat habitat is threatened. Negligible Habitats with negligible interest for biodiversity. Not significant Not significant Not significant Not significant Low Habitats with no, or only a local designation / recognition, habitats of significance for species listed as of Least Concern (LC) on IUCN Red List of Threatened Species, habitats which are common and Not significant Not significant Minor Moderate widespread within the region, or with low conservation interest based on expert opinion. Medium Habitats within nationally designated or recognised areas, habitats of significant importance to globally Vulnerable (VU) Near Threatened (NT), or Data Deficient (DD) species, habitats of significant importance for nationally restricted range species, Not significant Minor Moderate Major habitats supporting nationally significant concentrations of migratory species and / or congregatory species, and low value habitats used by species of medium value. High Habitats within internationally designated or recognised areas; habitats of significant importance to globally Critically Endangered (CR) or Endangered (EN) species, habitats of significant importance to endemic and/or globally restricted-range species, habitats Not significant Moderate Major Critical supporting globally significant concentrations of migratory species and / or congregatory species, highly threatened and/or unique ecosystems, areas associated with key evolutionary species, and low or medium value habitats used by high value species. www.erm.com Version: 0.2 Project No.: 0441037 Client: Vivid Solaire Energy Private Limited (ENGIE Group) 23 March 2020 Page 149 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF A 252 IMPACT ASSESSMENT MW WIND POWER PROJECT IN THOOTHUKUDI DISTRICT OF TAMIL NADU Final Report Table 7-40 Species Impact Assessment Criteria Baseline Species Sensitivity/ Value Magnitude of Effect on Baseline Species Negligible Small Medium Large Effect is within Effect does not Effect causes a substantial Affects entire population, or a significant the normal range cause a substantial change in abundance and/or part of it causing a substantial decline in of variation for change in the reduction in distribution of a abundance and/or change in and recovery the population of population of the population over one, or more of the population (or another dependent on the species species or other generations, but does not it) is not possible either at all, or within species dependent threatened the long term viability/ several generations due to natural on it function of that population recruitment (reproduction, immigration from dependent on it. unaffected areas). Negligible Species with no specific value or Not significant Not significant Not significant Not significant importance attached to them. Low Species and sub-species of LC on the IUCN Red List, or not meeting criteria Not significant Not significant Minor Moderate for medium or high value. Medium Species on IUCN Red List as VU, NT, or DD, species protected under national legislation, nationally restricted range species, nationally important Not significant Minor Moderate Major numbers of migratory, or congregatory species, species not meeting criteria for high value, and species vital to the survival of a medium value species. High Species on IUCN Red List as CR, or EN. Species having a globally restricted range (i.e. plants endemic to a site, or found globally at fewer than 10 sites, fauna having a distribution range (or globally breeding range for Not significant Moderate Major Critical bird species) less than 50,000 km2), internationally important numbers of migratory, or congregatory species, key evolutionary species, and species vital to the survival of a high value species. www.erm.com Version: 0.2 Project No.: 0441037 Client: Vivid Solaire Energy Private Limited (ENGIE Group) 23 March 2020 Page 150 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF A 252 IMPACT ASSESSMENT MW WIND POWER PROJECT IN THOOTHUKUDI DISTRICT OF TAMIL NADU Final Report Construction Phase The impacts from the construction phase of the Project on the local ecology have been assessed with respect to the following activities: 229. Clearance of vegetation for construction activities; and 230. Impact of construction activities (including labour influx) on resident fauna. 7.3.2 Impact from clearance of vegetation 7.3.2.1 Context The Project site is located on agricultural land with patches of open scrub habitat. The site is located near two wildlife sanctuaries and two designated Reserve Forests. Vegetation clearance in the area may therefore affect transition habitat for species moving from one the above sensitive habitats to another. 7.3.2.2 Embedded/In-built Controls Clearance of mature trees or continuous scrub should be avoided to the extent possible when planning wind farm components and other infrastructure (including roads and transmission lines). 7.3.2.3 Impact Magnitude The flora found in the region is dominated by Prosopis and Acacia, which are dry climate specialists and found across the country. No threatened or protected flora was found in the 5 km study area. Only one threatened species i.e. Vulnerable Sambar (Cervus unicolor), has been determined from the region and sightings of this deer species is rare and restricted to hilly regions, as determined in discussion with the District Forest Department. Four Near Threatened (NT) species namely Spot- billed Pelican (Pelecanus phillipinus), Painted Stork (Mycteria leucocephala), Oriental Darter (Anhinga melanogaster) and Black-headed Ibis (Threskiornis melanocephalus) are also found in the wind farm area. All Near Threatened species are aquatic birds and therefore will be largely restricted to water bodies in and around the Project site. Several protected species including Black Kite (Milvus migrans), Brahminy Kite (Haliastur indus), Indian Peafowl (Pavo cristatus) and Blackbuck (Antilope cervicapra) are found in the area and may utilize the vegetation around the wind farm for foraging or roosting. The Monitor Lizard (Varanus benghalensis) is a protected burrowing species that may be affected by changes in the soil properties due to vegetation clearance around the wind farm. The footprint of the Project site however, is dominated by agricultural land and some bush scrub. Large mature trees are limited to homestead plantations around existing villages and will be largely left alone, as understood based on consultations with the site staff. The existing Reserve Forest and Wildlife Sanctuaries will not be impacted by the proposed wind farm and mature trees located immediately outside the sanctuary boundaries are not going to be cleared for the Project. As the mature trees will be minimally affected by the proposed vegetation clearance and there are no threatened, near threatened or data deficient species found in the 5 km study area that will be directly impacted by the vegetation clearance, the habitat sensitivity has been assessed as low. The species sensitivity has also been assessed as low because only Least Concern (LC) species will be directly impacted by the vegetation clearance. The impact magnitude will be small because it will only affect a few trees and some of the available scrubland in the region. The loss of the above trees will not have a significant effect on the viability of the habitat because agricultural land has been preferred for the Project siting and only independent www.erm.com Version: 0.2 Project No.: 0441037 Client: Vivid Solaire Energy Private Limited (ENGIE Group) 23 March 2020 Page 151 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF A 252 IMPACT ASSESSMENT MW WIND POWER PROJECT IN THOOTHUKUDI DISTRICT OF TAMIL NADU Final Report trees or shrubbery that falls within the borders of the agricultural land parcels will be affected. No tree clumps or forest land is going to be impacted by the Project. 7.3.2.4 Significance of Impacts The impact significance has been assessed as negligible. Table 7-41 Impact significance of clearance of vegetation Impact Clearance of Vegetation Impact Nature Negative Positive Neutral Impact Type Direct Indirect Induced Impact Duration Temporary Short-term Long-term Permanent Impact Extent Local Regional International Impact Scale Project area and associated infrastructure Impact Magnitude Positive Negligible Small Medium Large Habitat Sensitivity Low Medium High Species Sensitivity Low Medium High Negligible Minor Moderate Major Impact Significance Significance of impact is considered negligible 7.3.3 Impacts from construction activities on local ecology 7.3.3.1 Context Impacts from vegetation clearance are discussed in the previous section. The construction activities including dust emissions, noise, vehicular movement, and demographic influx may have a negative impact on the resident fauna: 231. WTG excavation, laying of transmission lines and access road construction/widening will result in disturbance of the soil layers and can impact fossorial and ground roosting species; 232. Increased chances of erosion of soil layers and sedimentation of water bodies that impacts water quality; 233. Increase noise from construction and vehicular movement will result in an increased time spent in alert mode for faunal species; 234. Increased vehicular movement can lead to an increased risk in road kills; and 235. Increased demographic influx has a potential for human-wildlife conflict as well as hunting, poaching and trapping of wildlife. 7.3.3.2 Embedded/In-built Controls 236. Labourers will be provided training for dealing with wildlife as well as do’s and don’ts when encountering them; 237. Strict no hunting, poaching or trapping of wildlife policy will be communicated and enforced by the EPC contractor; and 238. Project components will be planned such that they are sufficiently away from water bodies, Reserve Forests, wildlife sanctuaries and heavily vegetated areas to reduce the impact on local wildlife. www.erm.com Version: 0.2 Project No.: 0441037 Client: Vivid Solaire Energy Private Limited (ENGIE Group) 23 March 2020 Page 152 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF A 252 IMPACT ASSESSMENT MW WIND POWER PROJECT IN THOOTHUKUDI DISTRICT OF TAMIL NADU Final Report 7.3.3.3 Impact Magnitude As discussed in the previous section, the only NT species found in the region are aquatic birds. One Vulnerable species – Sambar, is found in the region but restricted to higher elevations and is very rare in and around the Project site. The Project is being sited on agricultural land and avoidance of sensitive habitat including water bodies will be followed by the Project proponent. The area however, has several seasonal water bodies that are filled in the northeast monsoon season and may attract aquatic bird species to the area. Furthermore, the Forest Department has indicated that some migratory bird activity is found in these seasonal water streams in the early migratory season. As avoidance of these seasonal water bodies is not possible based on the proposed micro-siting of the WTGs, it is possible that there would be an increased chance of human-wildlife conflict (e.g. hunting, trapping, road kills, noise/vibrational impacts) and the increased construction activities may deter aquatic bird movement and foraging. The habitat and species sensitivity has therefore been assessed as medium due to the potential impact on near threatened species. The impact on the aforementioned near threatened species is likely to be limited, as the water bodies in the area were large and several in number. If the Project site is being constructed in a phased manner, it will allow the resident fauna to practice avoidance of ongoing construction areas and reduce chances of human-wildlife conflict. The impact on species and habitat will be largely restricted to a small fraction of the existing water habitat and vegetation in the area and therefore the impact magnitude has been categorized as small. 7.3.3.4 Impact Significance The impact significance has been assessed as minor. 7.3.3.5 Mitigation Measures 239. Project components should be established in a phased manner to allow for movement of species across the wind farm area and reduce overall impact from human-wildlife conflict; 240. Key anthropogenic hubs including labour camps, batching plants, contractor facilities and site offices should be sited sufficiently away from water bodies, Reserve Forests and wildlife sanctuaries and previously developed areas should be preferred; 241. Temporary barriers should be installed around excavation areas; 242. Waste materials should be covered and cleared periodically so as to not attract fauna to the construction site; 243. Speed limits should be set for all Project-related vehicles; and 244. General awareness regarding the presence of protected, migratory and threatened species should be increased among the staff and workers to provide clear guidelines on avoidance of individuals of these species. Table 7-42 Impact significance for construction activities Impact Construction Activities Impact Nature Negative Positive Neutral Impact Type Direct Indirect Induced Impact Duration Temporary Short-term Long-term Permanent Impact Extent Local Regional International Wind Farm area, access roads, proposed transmission line route and temporary Impact Scale facilities Impact Magnitude Positive Negligible Small Medium Large www.erm.com Version: 0.2 Project No.: 0441037 Client: Vivid Solaire Energy Private Limited (ENGIE Group) 23 March 2020 Page 153 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF A 252 IMPACT ASSESSMENT MW WIND POWER PROJECT IN THOOTHUKUDI DISTRICT OF TAMIL NADU Final Report Habitat Sensitivity Low Medium High Species Sensitivity Low Medium High Negligible Minor Moderate Major Impact Significance Significance of impact is considered minor. Residual Impact Magnitude Negligible Small Medium Large Residual Impact Significance Significance of impact can be reduced to negligible. 7.3.3.6 Residual Impact Significance The primary cause of concern is human-wildlife conflict that can be avoided through the application of the mitigation measures. The residual impact can therefore be reduced to negligible. Operation Phase Impacts from operational activities include the following: 245. Movement of wind turbine blades: - Collision risk for flying fauna; - Behavioural avoidance by flying species and increased energy expenditure; - Barrier effects that lead to connectivity issues and access to resources; and 246. Electrical hazards including roosting or nesting on transmission lines and towers. 7.3.4 Hazards associated with turbine blade movement 7.3.4.1 Context An operating wind turbine can be a hazard to flying fauna because the rotating blades move relative to the wind speed. Avifauna also utilize sudden gusts of wind to take flight for hunting, foraging or travel. It has been observed on several occasions that aerial hunters such as raptors roost across transmission lines, transmission towers and hubs of wind turbines to obtain the necessary height to locate prey. These species are therefore most at-risk for collision with the wind turbines due to the varying speeds of the blade and the correspondence between the flight height of these species and hub height of the WTG. Birds eventually adjust to the presence of the wind farm by changing their behaviour. Flight deviation, alternate resource utilization, dispersion from the wind farm area and changing flight heights are typical behavioural changes that the birds can utilize to adjust the wind farm. The avoidance behaviour can still result in night collisions or during sudden changes in wind speed. The energy expenditure to avoid the wind farm can be a strain on birds and decrease energy reserves for foraging, hunting, socializing and breeding. The avoidance and dispersion can also lead to the loss of foraging resources, habitats and migration pathways. 7.3.4.2 Embedded/In-built Controls 247. Inter-turbine distance will be large enough that birds can avoid turbine blades and utilize minimal energy while doing so; 248. Siting on WTGs near important habitat features such as rocky terrain and thick vegetation will be avoided; and 249. WTGs will be sited in areas that are visible from a manoeuvrable distance for flying species and shouldn’t be near sudden changes of elevation, large trees or be blocked by any manmade/natural structures. www.erm.com Version: 0.2 Project No.: 0441037 Client: Vivid Solaire Energy Private Limited (ENGIE Group) 23 March 2020 Page 154 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF A 252 IMPACT ASSESSMENT MW WIND POWER PROJECT IN THOOTHUKUDI DISTRICT OF TAMIL NADU Final Report 7.3.4.3 Impact Magnitude The wind farm does support four Near Threatened species and potentially has significant local concentrations of migratory species. Furthermore, two raptor species that are protected by the Indian Wildlife Protection Act, 1972 have been observed within the wind farm premises. As the wind farm is surrounded by seasonal water bodies, which are used by the NT species and the protected raptors, there is a higher risk of collision with the operational wind turbines. The species sensitivity has been assessed as medium due to the presence of near threatened and protected species. The wind farm has several low-lying areas that might support seasonal water bodies. The region itself also has several large lakes and ponds that receive water from the northeast monsoon starting in September. The filling of these ponds coincides with the start of the winter migratory season and therefore further promotes aquatic bird activity. Based on discussions with the Forest Department, several of the larger lakes have been highlighted as migratory bird rest stops. Furthermore, due to Thoothukudi District having several operational wind farms in the area, the consultations indicated that these migratory species are restricted to the edges of the existing wind farms. The large water bodies are located at the edges of existing wind farms (~ 5-10 km away) and therefore aquatic bird activity has been identified to be highest within the edges of the buffer zone of the study area or directly outside the 5 km radius. The existing wind farms may have already changed the baseline of the region and is already acting as a barrier to movement of migratory species. As the ENGIE wind farm is falling within these cluster of wind farms and the already observed displacement of species to the edges of the wind farm, the risk of collision with operating turbine movement may be considered small (no substantial change in population). 7.3.4.4 Impact Significance The impact significance has been assessed as minor. 7.3.4.5 Mitigation Measures 250. Uncovered waste should not be left lying around the wind farm area so as to not attract any wildlife to the area; 251. Restore the herb layer in the vicinity of the wind turbines to provide shelter for prey animals (e.g. lizards, snakes and rodents) and prevent aerial hunters from passing near the wind turbine blades; and 252. Overhead cables can be marked using bird deterrents that indicates the location of the lines and prevents bird collision and roosting. Table 7-43 Impact significance from collision of flying fauna with wind turbine blades Impact Collision of flying fauna with wind turbine blades Impact Nature Negative Positive Neutral Impact Type Direct Indirect Induced Impact Duration Temporary Short-term Long-term Permanent Impact Extent Local Regional International Impact Scale Within 500m of the wind turbines Impact Magnitude Positive Negligible Small Medium Large Species Sensitivity Low Medium High Negligible Minor Moderate Major Impact Significance Significance of impact is considered minor www.erm.com Version: 0.2 Project No.: 0441037 Client: Vivid Solaire Energy Private Limited (ENGIE Group) 23 March 2020 Page 155 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF A 252 IMPACT ASSESSMENT MW WIND POWER PROJECT IN THOOTHUKUDI DISTRICT OF TAMIL NADU Final Report Residual Impact Magnitude Negligible Small Medium Large Residual Impact Significance Significance of impact can be reduced to minor 7.3.4.6 Residual Impact Significance Upon application of the mitigation measures, the residual impact significance has been retained as minor because there is still a small chance of collision and therefore likely effect on the local population of species. The mitigation measures however, should reduce the likelihood of impacts to some species including aerial hunter (due to restoration of herb layer) and scavenger species (due to waste management). 7.3.5 Electrical Hazards for Avifaunal Species 7.3.5.1 Context It has been observed across several wind farms globally that avifaunal species utilize the transmission lines, transmission towers and the hub of the wind turbine for roosting, nesting or using the height of the manmade structure as a lookout for predators. All the above components have electrical components and therefore electrocution risk for these species needs to be assessed with respect to the ENGIE Wind Farm. 7.3.5.2 Embedded/In-built Controls During transmission line siting, large water bodies and forested areas should be avoided. 7.3.5.3 Impact Magnitude The species most at-risk for electrocution hazards are raptor species. Two raptor species i.e. Black Kite and Brahminy Kite were commonly observed within the wind farm area. Both species however, are Least Concern in the latest IUCN red list. As the transmission line route may pass through seasonal water bodies, there could be an impact to aquatic bird species including the near threatened black-headed ibis, painted stork, spot-billed pelican and oriental darter. None of the four species is known to roost on transmission lines but may be affected by the lines if it falls within their flight path. Due to the presence of near threatened species and potential impact to two protected species, the species sensitivity has been assessed as medium. The impact on identified species is likely to be small because of the abundance of water bodies in the region and the avoidance of water bodies and forest areas as indicated in the embedded controls. 7.3.5.4 Impact Significance The impact significance has been assessed as minor. 7.3.5.5 Additional Mitigation Measures The transmission line needs to be mitigated through the installation of insulators and lower risk design elements as follows (28): 253. Regular checking of the vacuums or holes in the transmission towers for nesting bird species; 254. Use of plastic insulator caps or tubing; 255. Installation of poles with suspended insulators; (28) Haas, D., Nipkow, M., Fiedler, R., Schneider, R., Haas, W. and Schurenberg, B. 2003. Protecting Birds from Powerlines: a practical guide on the risks to birds from electricity transmission facilities and how to minimise any such adverse effects. Convention on the Conservation of European Wildlife and Natural Habitats www.erm.com Version: 0.2 Project No.: 0441037 Client: Vivid Solaire Energy Private Limited (ENGIE Group) 23 March 2020 Page 156 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF A 252 IMPACT ASSESSMENT MW WIND POWER PROJECT IN THOOTHUKUDI DISTRICT OF TAMIL NADU Final Report 256. Installation of bird-safe strain poles with insulation chains of at least 60 cm in length; 257. Switch towers with the switches attached below the cross-arm; and/or 258. Installation of bird detractors along transmission lines. Table 7-44 Impact significance due to electrocution of roosting or nesting avifauna Impact Electrocution hazards on roosting and nesting avifauna Impact Nature Negative Positive Neutral Impact Type Direct Indirect Induced Impact Duration Temporary Short-term Long-term Permanent Impact Extent Local Regional International Limited to electrical components including transmission lines, towers and wind turbine Impact Scale hubs. Impact Magnitude Positive Negligible Small Medium Large Resource Sensitivity Low Medium High Negligible Minor Moderate Major Impact Significance Significance of impact is considered minor Residual Impact Magnitude Positive Negligible Small Medium Large Residual Impact Negligible Minor Moderate Major Significance Significance of impact is considered negligible 7.3.5.6 Significance of Residual Impacts The significance of residual impacts after implementation of mitigation measures and the insulation measures can be reduced to negligible. 7.4 Key Social Impacts 7.4.1 Assessment Criteria For the assessment of social impacts, the sensitivity and magnitude criteria outlined in Table 7-45 and Table 7-46 respectively have been used. The social impacts associated with the construction, operations and decommissioning stages have been assessed qualitatively and in some cases quantitatively (subject to availability of data), using professional judgement and based on past experience from similar projects. Table 7-45 Impact magnitude for local communities Extent / Duration / Scale / Frequency Change dominates over baseline conditions. Affects the majority of the area or Large population in the area of influence and/or persists over many years. The impact may be experienced over a regional or national area. Clearly evident difference from baseline conditions. Tendency is that impact affects a Medium substantial area or number of people and/or is of medium duration. Frequency may be occasional and impact may potentially be regional in scale. Perceptible difference from baseline conditions. Tendency is that impact is local, rare Small and affects a small proportion of receptors and is of a short duration. www.erm.com Version: 0.2 Project No.: 0441037 Client: Vivid Solaire Energy Private Limited (ENGIE Group) 23 March 2020 Page 157 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF A 252 IMPACT ASSESSMENT MW WIND POWER PROJECT IN THOOTHUKUDI DISTRICT OF TAMIL NADU Final Report Extent / Duration / Scale / Frequency Change remains within the range commonly experienced within the household or Negligible community. Table 7-46 Receptor sensitivity for local communities Category Profound or multiple levels of vulnerability that undermine the ability to adapt to changes High brought by the Project. Some but few areas of vulnerability; but still retaining an ability to at least in part adapt to Medium change brought by the Project. Minimal vulnerability; consequently with a high ability to adapt to changes brought by the Low Project and opportunities associated with it. On the basis of this understanding of magnitude and sensitivity, the significance of impacts will be assessed, as depicted in the table below. Table 7-47 Impact significance matrix Receptor Sensitivity Impact Magnitude Negligible Small Medium Large Low Negligible Negligible Minor Moderate Medium Negligible Minor Moderate Major High Negligible Moderate Major Critical 7.4.2 Impacts on Community Health and Safety 7.4.2.1 Context The receptors for impacts on community health and safety include the local community within the study area who may be present in the vicinity of the project activities. This will include cultivators whose land is close to the WTGs, and those in the area for grazing purposes. The construction phase activities such as the erection of the WTGs, construction of the transmission line and movement of material and personnel may result in impacts on the health and safety of the community. These activities will involve the use of heavy machinery and live transmission power lines. Furthermore, the movement of material and personnel via the access roads may result in injuries to people or livestock due to accidents. According to the IFC EHS guidelines, the community health and safety risks associated with the construction, operations and decommissioning of onshore wind power projects are similar to those of most large industrial facilities and infrastructure projects. The main risks include structural safety of project infrastructure, life and fire safety, public accessibility and management of emergency situations. 7.4.2.2 Embedded/in Built Control ENGIE’s ESMF will be applicable to all activities being undertaken as part of the project, including the sub-contractor activities. The EPC contractor (Vestas) will have a safety supervisor on site who is responsible for daily monitoring of the project activities. ENGIE will also be involved in monitoring of the project activities to ensure that the requirements of their health and safety standards are met. www.erm.com Version: 0.2 Project No.: 0441037 Client: Vivid Solaire Energy Private Limited (ENGIE Group) 23 March 2020 Page 158 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF A 252 IMPACT ASSESSMENT MW WIND POWER PROJECT IN THOOTHUKUDI DISTRICT OF TAMIL NADU Final Report 7.4.2.3 Significance of Impacts The significance of impact prior to implementation of additional mitigation measures will be moderate with medium impact magnitude and receptor sensitivities 7.4.2.4 Additional Mitigation Measures In addition to the embedded measures, the following risk mitigation measures are suggested to minimize the risks/hazards of construction activities onsite: 259. The project should develop a stakeholder engagement plan for the project; 260. As part of the stakeholder engagement and information disclosure process, the community should be provided with an understanding of the activities to be undertaken and the precautions taken for safety 261. information boards about public safety hazards and emergency contact information to be made available at the wind farm site 262. hazardous materials and wastes stored on site to prevent community exposure to these substances 263. Ensure that drivers carrying construction machinery and materials are instructed to drive within speed limits with careful consideration for village traffic; 264. Securely fenced high voltage equipment areas to prevent access 265. Put in place a grievance mechanism to allow the community members to report any concern or grievance related to project activities. 266. The traffic movement for the project in the area should be regulated to ensure road and pedestrian (including livestock) safety 267. The workers (both regular and contractual) on the project should be provided with trainings on the Health and Safety policy in place, and their role in the same and refresher courses should be provided throughout the life of the project 268. Put in place a grievance mechanism to allow for the workers and community members to report any concern or grievance related to project activities 7.4.2.5 Residual Impact Assessment The assessment of the residual impacts on community health and safety are given below. Table 7-48 Impact significance on social and community health and safety Impact Social and Community Health and Safety Impact Nature Negative Positive Neutral Impact Type Direct Indirect Induced Impact Duration Temporary Short-term Long-term Permanent Impact Extent Local Regional International Impact Scale Limited to Project Footprint area Frequency Project lifecycle Likelihood Possible Impact Magnitude Positive Negligible small Medium Large Resource/Receptor Low Medium High Sensitivity www.erm.com Version: 0.2 Project No.: 0441037 Client: Vivid Solaire Energy Private Limited (ENGIE Group) 23 March 2020 Page 159 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF A 252 IMPACT ASSESSMENT MW WIND POWER PROJECT IN THOOTHUKUDI DISTRICT OF TAMIL NADU Final Report Impact Social and Community Health and Safety Impact Significance Negligible Minor Moderate Major Significance of impact is considered Moderate Residual Impact Significance Residual Impact Positive Negligible Small Medium Large Magnitude Residual Impact Negligible Minor Moderate Major Significance Significance of Residual Impacts is considered Minor 7.4.2.6 Significance of Residual Impacts The significance of impact will be reduced to minor on implementation of mitigation measures. 7.4.3 Impacts on Economic Opportunities and Due to Land Take 7.4.3.1 Context According to the information available, the land requirement for the project is comprised of primarily of private land. The receptors for impacts on livelihood profile and economic opportunities include the land owners whose land will be impacted by the project land take and the local community within the study area. The land procurement for the wind turbine locations is presently underway. According to the discussions with the potential land owners, the project was proposing to procure land at a rate higher than the prevailing market rate in the area. However, the details of the impacts of the land procurement for the remaining unplanned associated facilities, on the land holdings are presently not known, as the details of the land requirement are not available for review. The construction phase activities of the project including construction of access road, civil works, foundation activities, site clearance and security will involve semi-skilled and unskilled workers. According to the information available, while the unskilled workers for the projects will be primarily from the local community surrounding the project. However, the semi-skilled and skilled workers will be a mix of local workers and migrant workers, based on the available skill set in the community. As discussed in the social baseline, the main livelihood profile in the study area is farm based activities (agriculture and livestock rearing) and non-farm based activities (contractual labour for construction). It is also important to note that the local population in the study area, especially the youth, are reported to have experience of working in wind power projects in the area and in other states such as Gujarat and Maharashtra. The wind power project is thus expected to result in an increased exposure of the local community to the non-farm sector. The project is also likely to create a number of indirect economic opportunities in terms of hiring of tractors and cars, setting up of tea shops, procuring basic raw materials like water etc. During the operations phase, the employment opportunities will be reduced and restricted mainly to the security personnel, housekeeping staff at the site office and any contractual workers required for maintenance activities. 7.4.3.2 Embedded/In Built Controls The project is understood to be procuring land through negotiations with the land owners and offering a value more than the prevailing market rate in the area. According to the discussions with the project team, it is understood that any future land procurement will be in keeping with the applicable regulations and the then applicable market rates. www.erm.com Version: 0.2 Project No.: 0441037 Client: Vivid Solaire Energy Private Limited (ENGIE Group) 23 March 2020 Page 160 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF A 252 IMPACT ASSESSMENT MW WIND POWER PROJECT IN THOOTHUKUDI DISTRICT OF TAMIL NADU Final Report 7.4.3.3 Significance of Impact The significance of impact will be minor. 7.4.3.4 Additional Mitigation Measures The project is recommended to have the following additional mitigation measures in place: 269. To the extent possible, the project should ensure that no land owner is rendered landless due to the land procurement for the project for the remaining project associated facilities. 270. As part of the land procurement, the land owners shall be provided with an understanding of the purpose of the land take and the nature of the project 271. Preference should be provided to local sub-contractors or suppliers to pass on maximum economic benefit locally 272. Also, the project should give preference to the land losers for employment opportunities and has assured employment to at least one individual from each family for the security of the WTGs. However, this employment is likely only for the construction phase of the project, as during the operations phase, only one security guard should be hired for a group of WTGs. 273. Depending upon the skill requirement, the local community should be given preference for employment, especially in semi-skilled and unskilled work 274. The sourcing of local labour wherever possible should be made obligatory for the sub-contractors and in all major procurement activities 275. Identify vulnerable groups and determine assistance requirements and means of ensuring meaningful participation in livelihoods restoration process 276. The project proponent should establish a mechanism to audit subcontractors and suppliers with respect to compliance of utilizing local labour and resources. 277. Preference should be provided to local sub-contractors or suppliers to pass on maximum economic benefit locally 278. The sourcing of local labour wherever possible should be made obligatory for the sub-contractors and in all major procurement activities; 279. Information on local employment should be communicated to the Gram Panchayat and information on availability of employment opportunities should be displayed at Gram Panchayat office premises in consultation with the Sarpanch; 280. Undertake a profiling of the various social groups in the AoI, to understand the individual needs and concerns of the social groups and identify community development and CSR programmes in accordance to the same; 281. The project proponent should establish a mechanism to audit subcontractors and suppliers with respect to compliance of utilizing local labour and resources. 282. Women should be preferred for the housekeeping, bush clearance and such other works which are suitable for women; 283. Educated women should be encouraged to apply for suitable positions; and 284. The company should try to maintain workplace diversity and ensure a fair proportion of representation of vulnerable groups www.erm.com Version: 0.2 Project No.: 0441037 Client: Vivid Solaire Energy Private Limited (ENGIE Group) 23 March 2020 Page 161 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF A 252 IMPACT ASSESSMENT MW WIND POWER PROJECT IN THOOTHUKUDI DISTRICT OF TAMIL NADU Final Report 7.4.3.5 Residual Impact Assessment The assessment of the residual impacts on economic opportunities is given below. Table 7-49 Impact significance on livelihood profile and economic opportunities Impact Economic Opportunity Impact Nature Negative Positive Neutral Impact Type Direct Indirect Induced Impact Duration Temporary Short-term Long-term Permanent Impact Extent Local Regional International Impact Scale Limited to Project Footprint area and local area Frequency Construction and Operation Phase of the Project Likelihood likely Impact Magnitude Positive Negligible small Medium Large Resource/Receptor Sensitivity Low Medium High Impact Negligible Minor Moderate Major Significance Significance of impact is considered to be Minor Residual Impact Significance Residual Impact Positive Negligible Small Medium Large Magnitude Residual Impact Negligible Minor Moderate Major Significance Significance of Residual Impacts is considered Minor 7.4.3.6 Significance of Residual Impacts The significance of residual impact will remain minor 7.4.4 Occupational Health and Safety 7.4.4.1 Context The receptors of the impacts on occupational health and safety include the workers, both regular and contractual working on the project. The construction phase activities such as construction of WTGs, access roads, transmission lines and other project components and maintenance activities in the operations phase are likely to result in a risk on the health and safety of the workers on the project. According to the IFC EHS Guidelines, the occupational health and safety risks during the construction, operations and decommissioning of an onshore wind power project is generally similar to those of the large industrial facilities and infrastructure projects. The main risks of occupational health and safety include working at heights, working in confined spaces, working with rotating machinery, and falling objects The exact requirement of Manpower for the project will be identified once the main contractors are finalized. The typical peak labour requirement for large wind power projects ranges between 300-400 labours. 7.4.4.2 Embedded/In Built Control ENGIE has an ESMF in place. The ENGIE ESMF will be applicable to all activities being undertaken as part of the project, including the sub-contractor activities. The EPC contractor (Vestas) will have a safety supervisor on site who is responsible for daily monitoring of the project activities. ENGIE also www.erm.com Version: 0.2 Project No.: 0441037 Client: Vivid Solaire Energy Private Limited (ENGIE Group) 23 March 2020 Page 162 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF A 252 IMPACT ASSESSMENT MW WIND POWER PROJECT IN THOOTHUKUDI DISTRICT OF TAMIL NADU Final Report will be involved in monitoring of the project activities to ensure that the requirements of their health and safety standards are complied. 7.4.4.3 Significance of Impacts The significance of impacts, prior to implementation of additional mitigation measures will be moderate, with a small impact magnitude but high sensitivity 7.4.4.4 Additional Mitigation Measures In addition to the embedded measures, the following risk mitigation measures are suggested to minimize the risks/hazards related to health and safety onsite: 285. The workers (both regular and contractual) on the project should be provided with trainings on the Health and Safety policy in place, and their role in the same and refresher courses should be provided throughout the life of the project 286. ꞏEstablish a grievance redressal mechanism in place, to allow for the employees and workers to report any concern or grievance related to work activities 287. Put in place measure to reduce the risk of prevalence of diseases, including screening of workers, undertaking health awareness amongst the workers, implementation of vector control programs, avoiding presence of unsanitary conditions and better facilities in the project site, such as safe drinking water, proper waste collection and disposal etc. 288. Appropriate work equipment/methods must be used in case of working at height, hot areas, work in confined spaces etc.; 289. ꞏSuitable exclusion zones should be established and maintained underneath any working-at height activities, where possible, to protect workers from falling objects; 290. Ensure that hoisting equipment is properly rated and maintained and that hoist operators are properly trained. 291. All workers (including any sub-contractors) must be trained on safe working practices, provided with PPE and informed regarding any ERPs or first-aid boxes provided on-site. 292. Regular monitoring of PPE use must be undertaken by the site head/designated person. 7.4.4.5 Residual Impact Assessment The assessment of the residual impacts on occupational health and safety are given below. Table 7-50 Impact significance on occupational health and safety Impact Occupational Health and Safety Impact Nature Negative Positive Neutral Impact Type Direct Indirect Induced Impact Duration Temporary Short-term Long-term Permanent Impact Extent Local Regional International Impact Scale Limited to Project Footprint area Frequency Project life cycle Likelihood likely Impact Magnitude Positive Negligible small Medium Large Resource/Receptor Sensitivity Low Medium High Impact Significance Negligible Minor Moderate Major Significance of impact is considered to be moderate Residual Impact Significance www.erm.com Version: 0.2 Project No.: 0441037 Client: Vivid Solaire Energy Private Limited (ENGIE Group) 23 March 2020 Page 163 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF A 252 IMPACT ASSESSMENT MW WIND POWER PROJECT IN THOOTHUKUDI DISTRICT OF TAMIL NADU Final Report Residual Impact Positive Negligible Small Medium Large Magnitude Residual Impact Negligible Minor Moderate Major Significance Significance of Residual Impacts is considered Minor 7.4.4.6 Significance of Residual Impacts The significance of the impacts will be reduced to Minor on implementation of mitigation measures 7.4.5 Labour Rights and Welfare 7.4.5.1 Context The projects will employ skilled, semi-skilled and unskilled workers, across the project lifecycle, which will include contractual and regular employees and local and migrant workers. The regular skilled workers are likely to be comprised of migrant workers, from different districts and states in the country, depending upon the need for technical expertise. The project is likely to hire 300-400 workers. Presently the decision pertaining to whether the workers will reside in a labour camp or rented accommodations in the local villages has not been made. 7.4.5.2 Embedded/In built Control As a policy, ENGIE requires each contractor to comply with the applicable regulatory provisions and labour laws. ENGIE’s EHS personnel for the project will also regularly monitor the camp facilities, payment of wages and other regulatory requirements. However, the details of the monitoring process and components are presently not in place. 7.4.5.3 Significance of Impact The significance of impact, prior to implementation of mitigation measures is moderate, with medium impact magnitude and sensitivity. 7.4.5.4 Additional Mitigation Measures The following additional mitigation measures are suggested in order to ensure compliance with labour laws/provisions as per the industry best practices: 293. The labour camp and accommodation facility for regular employees should be constructed to meet the requirements of the applicable reference framework (IFC and EBRD Worker’s Accommodation: Processes and Standards, in terms of space per worker, water and sanitation facilities, first aid, lighting and ventilation etc. and regular monitoring should be undertaken to ensure compliance through the project lifecycle 294. The labour camp should be located at a certain safe distance from the local community settlements, to minimize impacts on the local community due to the labourers and the risks of conflict or violence between the workers and local community 295. ENGIE should ensure a monthly monitoring and regular auditing mechanism for monitoring the sub-contractors and suppliers with respect to compliance to the applicable reference framework, in terms of resources, migrant workers, child labour and forced labour, health and safety, payment of wages etc. 296. Strengthen security personnel around labour camps in order to maintain adequate law and order and avoid any possible tensions between the migrant workforce and host community. 297. Establish a grievance redressal mechanism in place, to allow for the employees and workers to report any concern or grievance related to work activities www.erm.com Version: 0.2 Project No.: 0441037 Client: Vivid Solaire Energy Private Limited (ENGIE Group) 23 March 2020 Page 164 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF A 252 IMPACT ASSESSMENT MW WIND POWER PROJECT IN THOOTHUKUDI DISTRICT OF TAMIL NADU Final Report 7.4.5.5 Residual Impact Assessment The assessment of the residual impacts on labour rights and welfare are given below. Table 7-51 Impact significance on labour rights and welfare Impact Labour Rights and Welfare Impact Nature Negative Positive Neutral Impact Type Direct Indirect Induced Impact Duration Temporary Short-term Long-term Permanent Impact Extent Local Regional International Impact Scale The project will employ local workers primarily on a contractual basis, including semi- skilled and unskilled workers. Whereas the skilled workers, are expected to be mostly migrant workers and regular employees of Vestas and Evergreen. Frequency Project life cycle Likelihood Possible Impact Magnitude Positive Negligible small Medium Large Resource/Receptor Sensitivity Low Medium High Impact Significance Negligible Minor Moderate Major Significance of impact is considered to be Moderate Residual Impact Significance Residual Impact Positive Negligible Small Medium Large Magnitude Residual Impact Negligible Minor Moderate Major Significance Significance of Residual Impacts is considered Minor 7.4.5.6 Significance of Residual Impacts The significance of impact will be reduced to minor on implementation of mitigation measures. www.erm.com Version: 0.2 Project No.: 0441037 Client: Vivid Solaire Energy Private Limited (ENGIE Group) 23 March 2020 Page 165 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF A 252 ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES MW WIND POWER PROJECT IN THOOTHUKUDI DISTRICT OF TAMIL NADU Final Report 8. ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES 8.1 The power scenario in India India has witnessed unprecedented economic growth over the last decade with real GDP growth of approximately 8.7% in the last five years (7.5% over the last ten years), positioning it amongst the global ‘big five’ (Energy Statistics by Central Statistics Office, 2014). As a consequence of high GDP and the urgency to sustain positive growth, there is surge in energy demand and the need to prospect for new energy reserves and harvest the same. Predictions by the Planning Commission via the Twelfth Five Year Plan document indicate that a total of 669.6 million tonnes of oil equivalent (MTOE) will be reached by 2016-17 and 844 MTOE by 2021-22. This will meet around 71 per cent and 69 per cent of expected energy consumption, with the balance to be met from imports, projected to be about 267.8 MTOE by 2016 - 17 and 375.6 MTOE by 2021 - 22. Coal and natural gas (and their imports) will continue to fuel India’s growth with a growing need to harvest energy from renewable sources in environmentally responsible and sustainable manner. India generated about 855 BU of electricity in 2012. As of 2012, India had an installed renewable energy capacity about 24.9 GW. During the Eleventh Five Year Plan, nearly 55,000 MW of new generation capacity was created, yet there continued to be an overall energy deficit of 8.7 per cent and peak shortage of 9.0 per cent. Therefore, resources currently allocated to energy supply are not sufficient for narrowing the gap between energy needs and energy availability. Figure 8.1 Plan wise Growth of Installed Generating Capacity in India Source: Energy Statistics, 2014 As of 2014, the total potential for renewable power generation in the country as on 31st March, 2013 is estimated at 94125 MW. This includes wind power potential of 49130 MW (52.2%), SHP (small- hydro power) potential of 19750 MW (20.98%), Biomass power potential of 17,538 MW (18.63%) and 5000 MW (5.31%) from bagasse-based cogeneration in sugar mills. 8.2 Alternative Site Location Wind energy projects are non-polluting energy generation projects which are site specific and dependent on the availability of wind resource. As per Wind resource mapping and power potential assessment project the option of choosing an alternative area is limited. However, as the project is a 252 MW project being developed by ENGIE, any major issues with a WTG location can be resolved with an option for alternative WTG location selection, which be explored if others are not yet sold. www.erm.com Version: 0.2 Project No.: 0441037 Client: Vivid Solaire Energy Private Limited (ENGIE Group) 23 March 2020 Page 166 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF A 252 ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES MW WIND POWER PROJECT IN THOOTHUKUDI DISTRICT OF TAMIL NADU Final Report 8.2.1 Alternate location for WTGs and Associated Facilities Within the potential area in Tamil Nadu, where wind power potential as per National Institute of Wind Energy (NIWE) at 100 m amsl elevation is 33799.65 MW, there is a possibility as well as flexibility of moving the individual WTG locations (micro citing) to avoid any potential environmental and social issue or risks like: 298. Total landlessness of a landowner; 299. Impact on environmental sensitive receptors like prime agricultural land, vegetation and tree cover, surface water bodies and forests etc.; 300. Impacts on nearby residents due to the noise and shadow flickering generated due to the operation of WTGs; and 301. Impacts on social sensitive receptors like schools, hospitals, human habitation, individual dwellings, government lands, common property resources etc. 8.3 Alternate methods of power generation Harnessing wind energy is an eco-friendly process, inexhaustible and possesses a minimal environmental footprint. There are no fuel requirements or large quantities of water for operation of the plant. Wind energy scores over other forms of energy generation as it has a low gestation time: a short lead time is needed to design, install, and start-up (up to a maximum of 2 months after micro citing, approvals and land purchase) a wind farm. Table 8-1 elaborates upon the advantages and disadvantages of various power generation systems. Table 8-1 Environmental advantages and disadvantages of various power generation systems Mode Disadvantage Advantage Thermal Power Plant High fossil fuel consumption. Large scale production potential Large quantities of water requirement for Moderate gestation period cooling Relatively inexpensive High volume of emissions from operation Wider distribution potential Accumulation of fly ash (in case of coal powered installations) Upstream impact from mining and oil exploration GHG emission estimated as 228gCeq/kWh Hydropower Plant Site specific, dependent on reservoir/river GHG emission estimated as low as etc. 1.1gCeq/kWh for run of river projects Downstream impact on flow Long gestation period Acute and chronic social and ecological impacts Nuclear Power Availability of fuel source Cheaper power generation Hazards associated with radioactive GHG emissions as low as material 2.5gCeq/kWh High cost of project Long gestation period Risk of fallout and meltdown scenarios and its impacts on the local populace and environment. www.erm.com Version: 0.2 Project No.: 0441037 Client: Vivid Solaire Energy Private Limited (ENGIE Group) 23 March 2020 Page 167 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF A 252 ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES MW WIND POWER PROJECT IN THOOTHUKUDI DISTRICT OF TAMIL NADU Final Report Mode Disadvantage Advantage Wind Power Land requirement of about 2.0 to 2.5 Pollution levels are insignificant acres (1 ha approx. ) per MW Inexpensive power generation Site specific (associated to wind Inexhaustible source pattern) GHG emissions as low as Expensive installation 2.5gCeq/kWh for the Production Chain Solar Power Large land requirement Pollution levels are insignificant Site specific to solar insolation Inexpensive power generation Expensive installation Inexhaustible source Concrete foundation on larger area GHG emissions as low as 8.2gCeq/kWh for the Production Chain Source: International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) 8.3.1 Greenhouse gasses (GHG) emissions As per the estimations of International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) the grams of carbon-equivalent (including CO2, CH4, N2O, etc.) per kilowatt-hour of electricity (gCeq/kWh) for wind energy project are low and scores better when compared with other forms of conventional and non-conventional sources of energy. Table 8-2 highlights the advantages and disadvantages along with GHG emissions that each technology possesses. Considering various factors such as wind resource potential in the project districts; favourable environmental and social settings; low GHG emissions in the project life cycle; land availability, governmental assistance, and local community’s acceptance of wind energy projects over the last decade in the region, wind energy based power generation is the most appropriate alternative. Table 8-2 Green House Emissions from different Electricity Production Chains Technology Mean tonnes (CO2e/GWh) Low tonnes (CO2e/GWh) High tonnes (CO2e/GWh) Lignite 1054 790 1372 Coal 888 756 1310 Oil 733 547 935 Natural Gas 499 362 891 Solar PV 85 13 731 Biomass 45 10 101 Nuclear 29 2 130 Hydroelectric 26 2 237 Wind 26 6 124 Source: World Nuclear Association (WNA) 8.3.2 Water consumption The water requirements for producing the different primary energy carriers vary; also, there are significant differences between the different types of electricity generation. Several evaluation methods are being employed to assess the footprint of electricity generation through various ways. The methods are often referred to those by the developed regions to compare energy and water uses; where certain measurements and statistics are a common and accepted practice. Solar and wind power projects have been known to use almost insignificant water, in comparison to nuclear and coal based power projects. Wind farms require small amounts of water are used to clean wind turbine rotor blades in arid climates (where rainfall does not keep the blades clean). www.erm.com Version: 0.2 Project No.: 0441037 Client: Vivid Solaire Energy Private Limited (ENGIE Group) 23 March 2020 Page 168 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF A 252 ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES MW WIND POWER PROJECT IN THOOTHUKUDI DISTRICT OF TAMIL NADU Final Report According to the American Wind Energy Association (AWEA), wind therefore uses less than 1/600 as much water per unit of electricity produced as does nuclear, and approximately 1/500 as much as coal. As per AWEA, water consumption (technology gallons/MWh) is as follows: Nuclear – 620; Coal – 490; Oil – 430; Wind – 1; Solar – 30. 8.3.3 Carbon offsetting Hydro, solar and wind energy projects help in offsetting CO2 emissions from conventional power generation. According to National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 1 MW of wind energy results in 2600 tons of CO2 offsetting. In case of ENGIE project, a potential 252 MW wind farm can offset approximately 655,200 tons CO2. 8.3.4 No-go alternative As per the load generation balance report 2018-19 of the Central Electricity Authority, the current power supply scenario is deficient in the state of Tamil Nadu and the entire southern region. Table 8-3 showcases the actual power scenario in Tamil Nadu and the southern region for the year 2017- 18. Table 8-3 Actual Power supply scenario in 2017-18 for Tamil Nadu and Southern region State/Region Requirement (MU) Availability (MU) Deficit (MU) Deficit (%) Tamil Nadu 1.06,006 1,05,839 -167 -0.2 Southern Region 3,20,248 3,19,642 -606 -0.2 Source: Load generation balance report 2018-19 of the Central Electricity Authority (http://www.cea.nic.in/reports/annual/lgbr/lgbr-2018.pdf) In order to meet the gap in demand and supply, renewable/non-conventional sources of power will be required to supplement the conventional sources. The proposed project being renewable source of power generation will contribute towards bridging the gap between demand and supply. The proposed project presents an opportunity to utilize the potential for wind power generation. A “No Project Scenario” will not address the issue of power shortage. An alternative without the project is undesirable, as it would worsen the power supply-demand scenario, which would be a constraint on economic growth. 8.4 Conclusion Further to the above mentioned reasons, it would be significant to conclude that: 302. The Project will be environment friendly with minimal greenhouse gas emissions; 303. It is the most feasible and choice of power generation in the state; and 304. It will contribute towards the state of Tamil Nadu attaining self-sufficiency in power supply. www.erm.com Version: 0.2 Project No.: 0441037 Client: Vivid Solaire Energy Private Limited (ENGIE Group) 23 March 2020 Page 169 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF A 252 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL ACTION PLAN MW WIND POWER PROJECT IN THOOTHUKUDI DISTRICT OF (ESAP) TAMIL NADU Final Report 9. ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL ACTION PLAN (ESAP) 9.1 Implementation of the ESAP The purpose of this ESAP is to specify the standards and controls required to manage and monitor environmental and social impacts during construction and operation phases. To achieve this, the ESAP identifies potential adverse impacts from the planned activities and outlines mitigation measures required to reduce the likely negative effects on the physical, natural and social environment. 9.2 The Company’s Organisational Structure To ensure the efficacy of the ESAP, certain institutional mechanism with well-defined roles and responsibilities is essential for effective implementation of identified mitigation measures has been put in place for both construction and operation phases. The key roles and responsibilities for the EHS department in the implementation of the ESAP at proposed wind farm is defined below and is subject to change depending on staffing allowance and budgets and should be reviewed on an annual basis to ensure that effective environmental management is accomplished. 9.3 Roles and Responsibilities of EHS Department The corporate EHS head at ENGIE should be responsible for ensuring the overall implementation of the ESAP. In addition to the Corporate EHS head, ENGIE should have in place regional and project level Engineers looking after EHS along with the respective personnel from EPC. The roles and responsibilities include the implementation of the ESAP, through in-house, EPC sub-contractors and O & M contractor. The roles and responsibilities of the EHS head and Managers/Project Level Engineers include: 305. Develop the training and awareness programme to understand and implement ESAP; 306. Monitor processes to ensure that the ESAP accountabilities along with rights and responsibilities of staff and O & M contractors are identified, defined, documented, maintained, understood, and applied; 307. Be responsible for ensuring that the inputs consistent with the requirements outlined in the ESAP are provided at project conceptualization, planning, costing, contracting, construction and O&M phases; 308. Monitor all internal and external complaints related to EHS and community aspects of project’s operations are recorded, acknowledged, and investigated as incidents, the complaints are redressed and feedback provided to aggrieved parties; 309. Coordinate effective communication of throughout relevant information on EHS issues and social performance to its own personnel as well as O & M contractor on a regular basis; 310. Decision making at all stages to include monitoring corporate and operational site staff and contractors/sub- contractors on ESAP issues; 311. Review the systems in place to identify, prioritize, plan, document, and monitor training needs and performance for staff and contractors/ sub- contractors. 9.3.1 Inspection, Monitoring and Audit Inspection and monitoring of the environmental and social impacts of the project activities should increase the effectiveness of ESAP. Through the process of inspection and auditing, ENGIE should www.erm.com Version: 0.2 Project No.: 0441037 Client: Vivid Solaire Energy Private Limited (ENGIE Group) 23 March 2020 Page 170 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF A 252 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL ACTION PLAN MW WIND POWER PROJECT IN THOOTHUKUDI DISTRICT OF (ESAP) TAMIL NADU Final Report ensure that the conditions stipulated in various permits are complied. The inspection and audits should be done by the project identified EHS staff in coordination with O & M contractors and any other external agencies identified. The monitoring inspections should be undertaken at a monthly, quarterly and annual basis. While the monthly and quarterly monitoring activities should be undertaken internally, the annual monitoring exercise shall be through external agencies. The monthly monitoring should be based on summary reports submitted by the EPC/O&M contractors and other key contractors on the conformance to the ESAP and the regulatory requirements, the half yearly monitoring should include the ENGIE EHS team undertaking a site visit. The annual external monitoring should be based on a review of the monthly reports and a site visit to the project. In case any key area of concern or recurring issue is identified during the monthly reviews, the EHS head may identify the need for undertaking an external monitoring and review as well. The entire process of inspections and audits should be documented. The inspection and audit findings are to be implemented by the site In-charge (O & M) in coordination with respective departments. 9.3.2 Reporting and Documentation ENGIE should develop and implement a programme of regular reporting through the stages of the project lifecycle involving O & M contractor personnel. The personnel delegated EHS roles shall be required to fully comply with the monitoring programme in terms of timely submissions of reports as per acceptable level of detail. Reporting should be done in form of environmental check list, incident record register, training records, and environmental and social performance reports (weekly, monthly, quarterly, half yearly, yearly etc.). 9.3.2.1 External Reporting and Communication The personnel delegated EHS roles shall be responsible for ensuring that the communication with the regulatory agencies and stakeholders is maintained as per the requirement. All complaints and enquiries are to be appropriately dealt with and records be maintained as provided in the grievance redressal mechanism. All communication made to the regulatory agencies shall also be reported to ENGIE’s regional and corporate EHS head. 9.3.2.2 Internal Reporting and Communication Internally, the personnel delegated EHS roles (including O & M) should share inspection and audit findings with their suggested measures regularly (monthly basis) to the senior management for their consideration. The same are also to be communicated within the staff working on the project. To maintain an open communication between the staff and management on EHS and social issues the followings are being used: 312. Team Briefings; 313. On-site work group meetings; 314. Work Specific Instructions. 9.3.2.3 Documentation Documentation is an important step in the implementation of the ESAP. ENGIE should establish a documentation and record keeping system in keeping with their ESMF, to ensure recording and updating of documents as discussed in the ESAP. Responsibilities have to be assigned to relevant personnel for ensuring that the ESAP documentation system is maintained and that document control is ensured through access by and distribution to, identified personnel in form of the following: 315. Master Environment Management System document ; 316. Legal Register; www.erm.com Version: 0.2 Project No.: 0441037 Client: Vivid Solaire Energy Private Limited (ENGIE Group) 23 March 2020 Page 171 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF A 252 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL ACTION PLAN MW WIND POWER PROJECT IN THOOTHUKUDI DISTRICT OF (ESAP) TAMIL NADU Final Report 317. Operation control procedures; 318. Work instructions; 319. Incident reports; 320. Emergency preparedness and response procedures; 321. Training records; 322. Monitoring reports; 323. Auditing reports; and 324. Complaints register and issues attended/closed. ENGIE should in coordination with O & M contractor maintain the necessary documentations and assign relevant responsibilities to the contractor. 9.3.3 ESAP Review and Amendments The ESAP acts as an environment and social management tool which needs to be periodically reviewed to address changes in the organization, process or regulatory requirements. Following a review, Site in charge in coordination with personnel delegated EHS should be responsible for making the amendments in the ESAP and seeking approval from the Regional and Corporate heads. The amended ESAP should be communicated to all the staff on the project and O & M contractors and sub-contractors. 9.4 Training programme and Capacity Building Training is needed for effective implementation of ESAP. The training programme should ensure that all concerned members of the team understand the following aspects: 325. Purpose of management plan for the project activities; 326. Requirements of the management plan and specific Action Plans; 327. Understanding of the sensitive environmental and social features within and surrounding the project areas; and 328. Aware of the potential risks from the Project activities. The corporate EHS head through designated personnel should ensure that Environmental health and safety induction training and job specific trainings are identified and given to the concerned personnel for construction activities and during operations of the wind farm. This may also include the O & M contractor and sub-contractors. Also, general environmental awareness should be increased among the project’s team to encourage the implementation of environmentally sound practices and compliance requirements of the project activities. This should help in minimizing adverse environmental impacts, compliance with the applicable regulations and standards, and achieving performance beyond compliance. The same level of awareness and commitment should be imparted to the contractors and sub-contractors prior to the commencement of the project. 9.5 Environmental and Social Action Plan The purpose of ESAP is to: 329. List all suggested mitigation measures and control technologies, safeguards identified through the ESIA process; www.erm.com Version: 0.2 Project No.: 0441037 Client: Vivid Solaire Energy Private Limited (ENGIE Group) 23 March 2020 Page 172 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF A 252 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL ACTION PLAN MW WIND POWER PROJECT IN THOOTHUKUDI DISTRICT OF (ESAP) TAMIL NADU Final Report 330. Provide an institutional mechanism with well-defined roles and responsibilities for ensuring that measures identified in ESIA designed to mitigate potentially adverse impacts, are implemented; 331. Provide Project monitoring program for effective implementation of the mitigation measures and ascertain efficacy of the environmental management and risk control systems in place; and 332. Assist in ensuring compliance with all relevant legislations at local, state and national level for the Project. In order to minimize adverse impacts during the different phases of the Project lifecycle, mitigation measures, monitoring plan and responsibilities for its implementation are given in Table 9-1. www.erm.com Version: 0.2 Project No.: 0441037 Client: Vivid Solaire Energy Private Limited (ENGIE Group) 23 March 2020 Page 173 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF A 252 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL ACTION PLAN MW WIND POWER PROJECT IN THOOTHUKUDI DISTRICT OF (ESAP) TAMIL NADU Final Report Table 9-1 Proposed Environmental and Social Action Plan for the 252 MW Wind Power Project S.No PS/Guideline Impact Recommended Mitigation Measures Deliverable Responsibility Timeline and Monitoring Frequency Construction Construction Operation IFC Performance Standards 1. IFC PS 1: Assessment Management of environment ESMS should be developed for the project activities consisting of the following: Framework VSEPL EHS Personnel ■ Before the start of the construction ESMP and management of and social risks and impacts ■ EHS Policy applicable to all direct and indirect employees; with assistance from construction produced. ■ Provide updated final copy Environmental and Social ■ Management programs including but not limited to: external consultant and/or of ESMP within a year of Risks and Impacts ENGIE holding - E&S Screening and monitoring checklist; Annual reporting of commissioning of the wind farm compliance - Stakeholder Management Plan; and ■ Provide an update in annual report - Grievance Redress Mechanism; ■ EHS Management Plan covering: - Job- and task-specific hazard analysis and, controls; - PPE requirements and enforcement mechanisms; - Safety training for all personnel in their own language(s); - Review of contractors OHS plans, to meet same standards as Project Company plan; - Oversight of contractor OHS development / implementation, including mandatory reporting to VSEPL; - Record-keeping, including total work-hours, lost work-hours due to accidents/incidents, description of lost-time incidents; - hospitalizations, fatalities; - Toolbox talks to share information on risks; - An accident/incident register should be maintained at the site and all injuries/accidents should be tracked and followed-up to ensure the case can be closed; ■ Emergency Response Plan (ERP) should be developed for the project and made aware to all the workers, contractors and sub-contractors; ■ Legal register with applicable permits and licenses, status of the permit, expiry date, issuing authority and any additional remarks should be maintained for the project lifecycle; ■ Regular trainings should be undertaken to all workers to ensure they are aware of the ERP, PPE to be worn and safe work aspects. The same integrated document must be applied to all parties involved in the construction and operation of the Project. 2. IFC PS 1: Assessment Management of environment In the event that any individual WTG operation results in likely unprecedented impacts not Turbine operational Where needed, Provide draft and management of and social risks and impacts identified in the environmental reports or exceedances of environmental limits, the ESMP (after management plan turbine operational Environmental and Social one year of operation) will include active turbine management systems as part of a planned management plan within a year Risks and Impacts turbine management plan. of commissioning 3. IFC PS 1: Assessment Management of environment Submit report to VSEPL on environmental, health and safety (EHS) performance, including status Submission of EHS VSEPL EHS Personnel ■ Quarterly reports to be and management of and social risks and impacts of each ESAP element and status of Environmental Health and Safety issues to ensure measures reports on specified submitted during construction. Environmental and Social within the ESIA (when finalized) are being implementing schedule ■ Annually reporting during Risks and Impacts operation six weeks after the end of the year 4. IFC PS 1: Assessment Management of environment Apply for, receive, and comply with all permits and authorisations. Report on permit VSEPL EHS Personnel Before the construction phase and management of and social risks and impacts status prior to Environmental and Social construction. Risks and Impacts www.erm.com Version: 0.2 Project No.: 0441037 Client: Vivid Solaire Energy Private Limited (ENGIE Group) 23 March 2020 Page 174 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF A 252 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL ACTION PLAN MW WIND POWER PROJECT IN THOOTHUKUDI DISTRICT OF (ESAP) TAMIL NADU Final Report S.No PS/Guideline Impact Recommended Mitigation Measures Deliverable Responsibility Timeline and Monitoring Frequency Construction Construction Operation 5. IFC PS 1: Assessment Management of environment Include clauses within the Contractors Agreement where possible that requires compliance with Evidence of VSEPL legal personnel Ongoing from commencement and management of and social risks and impacts IFC requirements to Ensure a unified adoption of international environmental, health, safety, international of construction. Environmental and Social labour and social standards by all parties involved in the Project. Eg: environmental, health, Risks and Impacts safety and social - Social management: resources, migrant workers, child labour, forced labour, payment contractual obligations of wages, overtime, employment of local community, encouragement of non- within contracts with discrimination contractors Health & Safety management: application of the hazard management activities through formal procurement agreements, training on the Health and Safety especially on main risk, Supervision by competent personnel, proper identification of H&S risks and implementation of reasonable preventive and protective measure to protect H&S of workers: work at height training, rescue systems in place, appropriate protective equipment -lanyard, capture netting, exclusion zones, health awareness, work permit. 6. IFC PS 1: Assessment Management of environment Conduct quarterly inspections of contractors’ occupational health and safety (OHS) performance. Annual report VSEPL EHS Personnel Report available and submitted and management of and social risks and impacts Report on performance to VSEPL every six months during construction. Report frequency to be to VSEPL as part of annual Environmental and Social increased in the event of significant issues / incidents on site. report Risks and Impacts 7. IFC PS 1: Assessment Management of environment EPC contractor to set up and maintain EHS incident reporting procedure to maintain records of Submission of EHS EPC EHS personnel Prior/during the construction and management of and social risks and impacts monthly monitoring, accidents and incidents. The procedure must be overarching, unique and reports on specified period. Construction is Environmental and Social integrated for the whole Project and for the whole contractors located on site. schedule commenced. Any incidences Risks and Impacts are noted in the weekly report. 8. IFC PS2: Labour and Impact on Labour rights and ■ Document VSEPL labour accommodation strategy and principles. The strategy shall comply Through the EPC EHS personnel Daily basis by site supervisors Working Conditions welfare with IFC standards as follows: construction phase and Monthly basis by EHS - If a labour camp is needed, the labour camp and accommodation facility for regular team during construction phase employees should be constructed to meet the requirements of the applicable reference framework (IFC and EBRD Worker’s Accommodation: Processes and Standards), in terms of space per worker, water and sanitation facilities, waste disposal, first aid, lighting and ventilation etc. and regular monitoring should be undertaken to ensure compliance through the project lifecycle; - The labour camp should be located at a certain safe distance from the local community settlements, to minimize impacts on the local community due to the labourers and the risks of conflict or violence between the workers and local community; - ENGIE should ensure a monthly monitoring and regular auditing mechanism for monitoring the sub-contractors and suppliers with respect to compliance to the applicable reference framework, in terms of resources, migrant workers, child labour and forced labour, health and safety, payment of wages etc; Strengthen security personnel around labour camps in order to maintain adequate law and order and avoid any possible tensions between the migrant workforce and host community; 9. IFC PS2: Labour and Impact on Labour rights and Maintain formal grievance mechanism for employees and contractors and disseminate Development/adoption EPC EHS personnel Prior to construction activities Working Conditions welfare information about its uses to the workforce, in the language(s) of the workers to provide a channel of workers grievance Quarterly report to VSEPL on for raising workers’ concerns and a transparent, consistent mechanism for resolution. mechanism. grievances and resolutions proposed www.erm.com Version: 0.2 Project No.: 0441037 Client: Vivid Solaire Energy Private Limited (ENGIE Group) 23 March 2020 Page 175 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF A 252 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL ACTION PLAN MW WIND POWER PROJECT IN THOOTHUKUDI DISTRICT OF (ESAP) TAMIL NADU Final Report S.No PS/Guideline Impact Recommended Mitigation Measures Deliverable Responsibility Timeline and Monitoring Frequency Construction Construction Operation 10. IFC PS2: Labour and Impact on Labour rights and Develop and adopt Human Resource Policy and management system covering all employees, ENGIE HR policies VSEPL HR Personnel ■ HR policy developed and Working Conditions welfare contractors and sub-contractors, to ensure management of workforce in line with OIT adopted: prior to construction activities. requirements including prevention of child labour and forced labour, tolerance of workers Development of HR ■ Contractor associations, and encouragement of non-discrimination. To include (but not be limited to): policy EPC EHS personnel policies/procedures 1 Working Conditions and Management of Worker Relationship HR policy/procedures ■ reviewed/approved: prior to ■ a. Human Resources Policy developed and work on-site. HR Policies implemented ■ b. Working Relationship submitted ■ ■ c. Working Conditions & Terms of Employment throughout construction to VSEPL for review and operation. ■ d. Workers’ Organizations HR ■ e. Non-Discrimination & Equal Opportunity (including sexual harassment) Policies/procedures ■ f. Retrenchment provided in workers’ ■ g. Grievance Mechanism languages 2. Protecting the Workforce ■ Child Labor ■ Forced Labor 3. Occupational Health & Safety 4. Workers Engaged by Third Parties 5. Supply Chain 11. IFC PS2: Labour and Impact on Labour rights and Develop Local Content Strategy to minimise project-induced population influx while maintaining Through the life of the VSEPL EHS /HR ■ Prior to recruitment of Working Conditions welfare non-discrimination in recruitment performing the following: project Personnel and EPC construction staff ■ Preference should be provided to local sub-contractors or suppliers to pass on maximum ■ Monthly reporting by EHS Contractor team economic benefit locally ■ Depending upon the skill requirement, the local community should be given preference for employment, especially in semi-skilled and unskilled work ■ The sourcing of local labour wherever possible should be made obligatory for the sub- contractors and in all major procurement activities ■ Information on local employment should be communicated to the Gram Panchayat and information on availability of employment opportunities should be displayed at Gram Panchayat office premises in consultation with the Sarpanch; ■ Undertake a profiling of the various social groups in the AoI, to understand the individual needs and concerns of the social groups and identify community development and CSR programmes in accordance to the same; ■ The project proponent should establish a mechanism to audit subcontractors and suppliers with respect to compliance of utilizing local labour and resources. ■ Information on local employment should be communicated to the Gram Panchayat and information on availability of employment opportunities should be displayed at Gram Panchayat office premises in consultation with the Sarpanch; ■ Women should be preferred for the housekeeping, bush clearance and such other works which are suitable for women; ■ Educated women should be encouraged to apply for suitable positions; and ■ The company should try to maintain workplace diversity and ensure a fair proportion of representation of vulnerable groups Ensure that the grievance management mechanism established is accessible to these groups. www.erm.com Version: 0.2 Project No.: 0441037 Client: Vivid Solaire Energy Private Limited (ENGIE Group) 23 March 2020 Page 176 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF A 252 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL ACTION PLAN MW WIND POWER PROJECT IN THOOTHUKUDI DISTRICT OF (ESAP) TAMIL NADU Final Report S.No PS/Guideline Impact Recommended Mitigation Measures Deliverable Responsibility Timeline and Monitoring Frequency Construction Construction Operation 12. IFC PS2: Labour and Occupational Health & ■ The workers (both regular and contractual) on the project should be provided with training on Through the EPC Contractor Daily basis by site supervisors Working Conditions Safety the Health and Safety policy in place, and their role in the same and refresher courses should construction phase and Monthly basis by EHS be provided throughout the life of the project; team during construction phase ■ Ensure all employees working at height are trained and competent in the use of all working-at height and rescue systems in place. ■ Provide workers with a suitable work-positioning device; also ensure the connectors on positioning systems are compatible with the tower components to which they are attached. ■ When working at height, all tools and equipment should be fitted with a lanyard, where possible, and capture netting should be used if practicable. ■ Signs and other obstructions should be removed from poles or structures prior to undertaking work. ■ Supervision by competent personnel empowered to make decisions based on events and conditions at the work location. ■ Where possible, exclusion zones are to be established and maintained in order to prevent any unauthorized access to lifting areas. ■ Project management should aim to reduce the number of accidents among project workers (whether directly employed or subcontracted) to zero, especially accidents that could result in lost work time, different levels of disability, or even fatalities. ■ Site team should put in place measures to reduce the risk of prevalence of diseases, including screening of workers, undertaking health awareness amongst the workers, implementation of vector control programs, avoiding presence of unsanitary conditions and better facilities in the project site, such as safe drinking water, proper waste collection and disposal etc; ■ Appropriate work equipment/methods must be used in case of working at height, hot areas, work in confined spaces etc; ■ Suitable exclusion zones should be established and maintained underneath any working-at height activities, where possible, to protect workers from falling objects; ■ Ensure that hoisting equipment is properly rated and maintained and that hoist operators are properly trained; ■ All workers (including any sub-contractors) must be trained on safe working practices, provided with PPE and informed regarding any ERPs or first-aid boxes provided on-site; ■ Only trained workers must be allowed to undertake work-at-height, work in confined spaces, work in hot areas etc and all required PPE must be provided and worn by the worker; ■ Regular monitoring of PPE use must be undertaken by the site head/designated person; ■ If required, an SOP/Work permit system may be followed for high risk work. 13. IFC PS3: Resource Greenhouse gas emissions ■ Vehicles should be maintained properly and PUC Certificates for all vehicles should be Internal report EPC / O&M Contractor Within 3 months efficiency maintained; Quarterly monitoring or as per ■ All Diesel Generator (DG) sets on-site should be fitted with appropriate stack height as per TNPCB requirement TNPCB conditions; Regular monitoring should be undertaking for DG set emissions. www.erm.com Version: 0.2 Project No.: 0441037 Client: Vivid Solaire Energy Private Limited (ENGIE Group) 23 March 2020 Page 177 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF A 252 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL ACTION PLAN MW WIND POWER PROJECT IN THOOTHUKUDI DISTRICT OF (ESAP) TAMIL NADU Final Report S.No PS/Guideline Impact Recommended Mitigation Measures Deliverable Responsibility Timeline and Monitoring Frequency Construction Construction Operation 14. IFC PS3: Resource Air and dust emissions ■ Preventive measures such as storage of construction material in sheds, covering of Internal report EPC / O&M Contractor ■ At the start of the efficiency / IFC EHS construction materials during transportation should be undertaken, for reducing dust as part construction of the embedded controls. ■ Quarterly monitoring or as Guidelines: Wind Energy ■ Emissions from the emergency DG set and other stationary machines should be controlled per TNPCB requirement by ensuring that the engines are always properly tuned and maintained. ■ Minimize stockpiling by coordinating excavations, spreading, re-grading and compaction activities; ■ Speed of vehicles on site should be limited to 10-15 km/hr which should help in minimizing fugitive dust emissions due to vehicular movement; ■ Cease or phase down work if excess fugitive dust is observed. Investigate the source of dust and ensure proper suppression measures; ■ Proper maintenance of engines and use of vehicles with Pollution Under Control (PUC) Certificate; and Idling of vehicles and equipment should be prevented as part of periodical monitoring and auditing program, seek and review data pertaining to accidents and incidents involving vehicle fleets of the project. 15. IFC PS3: Resource Water consumption ■ Groundwater should not be used to the extent possible for all construction/operation Internal report EPC / O&M Contractor ■ Within 4 months efficiency activities; ■ Monthly internal monitoring ■ Construction labour deputed onsite should be sensitized about water conservation and encouraged for optimal use of water ■ The provisions of septic tank and soak pits should be provided (as per specifications given in IS 2470 1995 Part I and Part II) for treatment and disposal of sewage, thereby minimizing the impacts of wastewater discharge; ■ Ensure proper cover and stacking of loose construction material at Batching plant site and WTG’s site to prevent surface runoff and contamination of receiving water body; ■ Regular inspection for identification of water leakages and preventing wastage of water from water supply tankers; Optimising water usage in the SCADA building and substation area by application of water conservation measures such as sensor based taps, low flush urinals etc. 16. IFC PS3: Resource Water quality ■ Regular inspection for identification of water leakages and preventing wastage of water from During project EPC/O&M Contractor Monthly internal monitoring efficiency/ IFC EHS water supply tankers; lifecycle Guidelines: Wind Energy ■ Use of licensed contractors for management and disposal of waste and sludge to prevent surface water runoff; 17. IFC PS3: Resource Waste management ■ The sub-contractors should ensure daily collection and weekly disposal of construction waste Internal report EPC / O&M Contractor ■ Within 3 months efficiency generated debris, concrete, metal cuttings wastes, waste/used oil etc.; ■ Monthly internal monitoring The municipal waste from the labour camp should be routed through proper collection and handover to local municipal body for further disposal after segregation. 18. IFC PS3: Resource Hazardous material ■ Spill control kits should be used to contain and clean small spills and leaks Internal report EPC / O&M Contractor Monthly internal monitoring efficiency / IFC EHS management Land and soil ■ The sewage generated onsite should be treated and disposed through septic tanks and soak Guidelines: Wind Energy contamination pits as per specifications given in IS 2470: 1995 (Part I and II). Transport vehicles and equipment shall undergo regular maintenance to avoid any oil ■ leakages Offloading and loading protocols should be prepared for diesel, oil and used oil respectively and workers trained to prevent/contain spills and leaks. 19. IFC PS3: Resource Hazardous material ■ Hazardous waste should be properly labelled, stored onsite as per in accordance to Internal report EPC Contractor ■ Within 3 months efficiency management Hazardous Wastes Rules, 2016 and should be disposed routinely through approved vendors ■ Monthly internal monitoring and proper records should be maintained of the same; ■ Disposal of hazardous wastes should be done strictly as per the conditions of authorisation granted by TNPCB. www.erm.com Version: 0.2 Project No.: 0441037 Client: Vivid Solaire Energy Private Limited (ENGIE Group) 23 March 2020 Page 178 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF A 252 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL ACTION PLAN MW WIND POWER PROJECT IN THOOTHUKUDI DISTRICT OF (ESAP) TAMIL NADU Final Report S.No PS/Guideline Impact Recommended Mitigation Measures Deliverable Responsibility Timeline and Monitoring Frequency Construction Construction Operation 20. IFC PS3: Resource Noise If necessary, Implement a noise monitoring plan Success of VSEPL EHS Personnel ■ Prior to construction efficiency / ■ All the noise generating equipment such as DG sets, batching plant etc. should be located implementing actions ■ Monthly internal monitoring IFC EHS Guidelines: away from village settlement; identified EPC Contractor Wind Energy ■ Normal working hours of construction should be defined (preferable 8 am to 6pm). If work needs to be undertaken outside these hours, it should be limited to activities which do not generate noise; ■ Curtailing turbine operations above the wind speed at which turbine noise becomes unacceptable in the project-specific circumstance. 21. IFC PS3: Resource Shadow flicker ■ Site wind turbines, the ones highlighted in yellow and red in Table 7.25, appropriately to Success of VSEPL EHS Personnel ■ Prior to construction efficiency / avoid shadow flicker being experienced or to meet limits placed on the duration of shadow implementing actions ■ Monthly internal monitoring flicker occurrence; ■ During operation IFC EHS Guidelines: identified EPC Contractor ■ If necessary, implement a shadow flicker monitoring plan; Wind Energy ■ Wind turbines can be programmed to shut down at times when shadow flicker limits are exceeded. 22. IFC PS 4: Community Movement of heavy vehicles ■ Implementation of safe practices during construction to minimize potential impacts to local Success of VSEPL EHS Personnel Throughout construction Health, Safety and carrying WTG components communities during construction: implementing actions Security ■ Provide an understanding of the activities to be undertaken and the precautions taken for identified safety to the community: - information boards about public safety hazards and emergency contact information to be made available at the wind farm site - hazardous materials and wastes stored on site to prevent community exposure to these substances ■ Ensure that drivers carrying construction machinery and materials are instructed to drive within speed limits with careful consideration for village traffic; ■ Securely fenced high voltage equipment areas to prevent access ■ Put in place a grievance mechanism to allow the community members to report any concern or grievance related to project activities. 23. IFC PS 4: Community Influx of migrant ■ Ensuring in the sub-contractor agreements that the developer require all contractors to Success of VSEPL EHS Personnel Throughout construction Health, Safety and construction workers in the possess an EHS plan with provisions for monitoring of the EHS performance of contractors implementing actions and their workers; Security area identified ■ Put in place measures to reduce the risk of prevalence of diseases, including screening of workers, undertaking health awareness amongst the workers, implementation of vector control programs, avoiding presence of unsanitary conditions and ensuring proper waste collection and disposal etc. 24. IFC PS 4: Community Excavation of certain areas Ensuring that the excavated areas are properly fenced for safety and sign boards in local Success of VSEPL EHS Personnel Throughout construction Health, Safety and languages are put up implementing actions Security identified 25. IFC PS 4: Community Security forces ■ No armed security guards should be engaged for the site Training records VSEPL EHS Personnel Prior to construction Health, Safety and All security guards should be trained on the engagement do’s and don’ts, the external grievance Success of Security redressal mechanism, emergency preparedness and response plan implementing actions identified www.erm.com Version: 0.2 Project No.: 0441037 Client: Vivid Solaire Energy Private Limited (ENGIE Group) 23 March 2020 Page 179 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF A 252 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL ACTION PLAN MW WIND POWER PROJECT IN THOOTHUKUDI DISTRICT OF (ESAP) TAMIL NADU Final Report S.No PS/Guideline Impact Recommended Mitigation Measures Deliverable Responsibility Timeline and Monitoring Frequency Construction Construction Operation 26. IFC PS 4: Community Emergency preparedness ■ Develop an integrated Emergency Preparedness and Response Plan (EPRP) for the whole Emergency VSEPL EHS Personnel Prior to construction Health, Safety and project, in consultation with contractors, subcontractors, and commune authorities. Preparedness and Prevention and control measures to manage public access issues include: Security Response Plan EPC Contractor Use gates on access roads that are constructed solely for the project and managed by the (EPRP) project Where public access is not promoted to the site and/or there are no current rights of way across the site, consider fencing the wind energy facility site, or individual turbines, to prohibit public access to the turbines. Provide fencing of an appropriate standard around the substation with anti-climb paint and warning signs. Prevent access to turbine tower ladders. Post information boards about public safety hazards and emergency contact information 27. IFC PS 5: land acquisition Livelihoods Restoration Develop and disclose a community development framework (CDF) including a Grievance and involuntary Framework (LRF) Mechanism. resettlement Ensure CDF includes non-monetary livelihood restoration measures (such as skills training) for the wider community (not just affected parties). 28. IFC PS 5: land acquisition Vulnerable groups Identify vulnerable groups and determine and involuntary assistance requirements and means of ensuring meaningful participation in livelihoods restoration resettlement process 29. IFC PS 5: land acquisition Gap analysis Gap analysis of on-going land acquisition and compensation process against the LRF. and involuntary Implement gap filling actions, including making retrospective payments, where needed. resettlement 30. IFC PS 6: Biodiversity Vegetation Clearance ■ Clearance of shrubs/herbs to be restricted to the project footprint only; felling of matured Success of EPC Contractor Prior to construction Conservation and trees to be avoided to the extent possible. implementing actions Sustainable Management ■ Project components should be established in a phased manner to allow for movement of identified species across the wind farm area and reduce overall impact from human-wildlife conflict; of Living Natural ■ Labour camps, batching plants, contractor facilities, and site offices should be sited Resources sufficiently away from water bodies, reserve forests and wildlife sanctuaries; 31. IFC PS 6: Biodiversity Excavation, anthropogenic ■ Temporary barriers should be installed around excavation areas; Success of EPC Contractor Prior to construction Conservation and movement, noise and ■ Waste materials should be covered and cleared periodically so as to not attract raptors to the implementing actions Sustainable Management sedimentation` construction site; identified of Living Natural ■ Speed limits should be set for all Project-related vehicles; Resources ■ General awareness regarding the presence of protected, migratory and threatened bird 32. IFC PS 6: Biodiversity Construction, widening and species should be increased among the staff and workers to provide clear guidelines on Success of EPC Contractor Prior to construction Conservation and upgrade of access and avoidance of individuals of these species. implementing actions Sustainable Management internal roads ■ No hunting policy should be enforced identified ■ Cutting of trees/shrubs for cooking at the labor camps should be prohibited of Living Natural Resources www.erm.com Version: 0.2 Project No.: 0441037 Client: Vivid Solaire Energy Private Limited (ENGIE Group) 23 March 2020 Page 180 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF A 252 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL ACTION PLAN MW WIND POWER PROJECT IN THOOTHUKUDI DISTRICT OF (ESAP) TAMIL NADU Final Report S.No PS/Guideline Impact Recommended Mitigation Measures Deliverable Responsibility Timeline and Monitoring Frequency Construction Construction Operation 33. IFC PS 6: Biodiversity Bird collisions, ■ To reduce collision risk, livestock carcass management is to be undertaken in the wind farm Success of EPC Contractor During operation Conservation and electrocutions, visual area. All livestock carcasses detected inside the wind farm area are to be removed and implementing actions dumped at designated livestock dumping locations. This will reduce the probability of Sustainable Management impairment, noise identified scavenging birds occurring near the WTGs and transmission lines, thereby reducing the risk of Living Natural of collision with operating WTGs. Resources ■ Organic wastes from the villages and also from the project should not be disposed of close to WTGs and transmission lines to attract the raptors or their prey; ■ The Operation and Maintenance team of the Wind Farm be more vigilant and look for carcasses during regular maintenance activities. Presence of high occurrences of carcasses should be flagged to the EHS manager, ■ Restoration of the herb layer during monsoon around proposed WTG locations to provide better shelter to prey species and prevent raptor species from flying into the wind farm seeking prey species.; ■ In order to mitigate and minimize the collision mortality of birds line markers should be used, which reduces the risk by increasing the visibility of overhead lines to birds. 34. IFC PS 6: Biodiversity Birds roosting or nesting on ■ Regular checking of the vacuums or holes in the towers to avoid nesting by any of the birds; Success of EPC Contractor During operation Conservation and transmission towers and ■ Treating transmission poles with insulated tubing at conductor crossovers; implementing actions Sustainable Management lines ■ Use of insulator caps or tubing; identified of Living Natural ■ Installation of poles with suspended insulators; Resources ■ Installation of bird-safe strain poles with insulation chains of at least 60 cm in length; ■ Installing perch rejecter on the cross arms ■ Bird diverters to be used, which reduces the risk by increasing the visibility of overhead lines to birds and may reduce electrocution risks. ■ Special care should be taken to install markers for lines in proximity to the water bodies ■ Installations of bird diverters with a low density (5-10 markers per 100 m length) for increasing visibility of conductors to bird species; IFC EHS Guidelines: Wind Energy 35 Visual impacts ■ Incorporate community input into wind energy facility layout and siting. During planning and EPC contractor Monthly internal monitoring ■ Maintain a uniform size and design of turbines (e.g., type of turbine and tower, as well as construction phase height). ■ Minimize presence of ancillary structures on the site by minimizing site infrastructure, including the number of roads, avoiding stockpiling of excavated material or construction debris, ■ Erosion measures should be implemented and cleared land should be promptly re-vegetated with local seed stock of native species. 36. Change in land-use ■ Construction activities should be restricted to designated area. Success of EPC contractor During construction phase ■ On completion of construction activities, land used for temporary facilities should be restored implementing actions Visual monitoring to the extent possible identified www.erm.com Version: 0.2 Project No.: 0441037 Client: Vivid Solaire Energy Private Limited (ENGIE Group) 23 March 2020 Page 181 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF A 252 IMPACT SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION MW WIND POWER PROJECT IN THOOTHUKUDI DISTRICT OF TAMIL NADU Final Report 10. IMPACT SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION This Environmental and Social Impact Assessment has been conducted to evaluate the impacts associated with the proposed wind farm project in Thoothukudi district of Tamil Nadu. The impact assessment has been conducted in compliance with administrative framework identified herein, including relevant national legislative requirement, international conventions and ENGIE’s corporate requirements. 10.1 Impacts requiring detailed assessment Following a scoping exercise, this ESIA was focused on interactions between Project activities and various resources/receptors that could result in significant impacts. The table below presents the outcomes of the comprehensive assessment of identified impacts as a result of the various phases of the proposed Project and summarize the impacts. Based on the impacts significance, the ESAP has been prepared. 10.1.1 Impact summary The proposed project is a green energy project comprising of 126 WTG to generate 252 MW power through wind energy. Impacts due to wind energy projects are short term, generally limited to construction phase and operation phase have negligible adverse environmental and social impacts. The Project and its key components such as access road, WTGs, Office building and transmission lines, are likely to have some adverse environmental impacts on baseline parameters such as land use, water quality etc. The social impacts from the project are assessed to be generally beneficial in terms of overall local area development. Table 10-1 Summary of Impact Assessment Impact Impact Description Significance of Impact Residual Impact nature Construction Phase Change in land use Negative Moderate Minor Soil erosion Negative Moderate Minor Soil compaction Negative Moderate Minor Impact on land due to Improper Negative Moderate Minor waste disposal Soil contamination due to leaks/spills Negative Moderate Minor to Negligible Impact on water availability Negative Minor Negligible Impact on water quality Negative Moderate Minor to Negligible Impact on Air quality Negative Moderate Minor Ecological impacts due to vegetation Negative Negligible Negligible clearance Impact due to construction of WTG Negative Minor Negligible foundation and installation Community Health and Safety Negative Moderate Minor Impacts on livelihood profile and Negative Minor Minor Economic Opportunities Occupational Health and Safety Negative Moderate Minor Labour Rights and Welfare Negative Moderate Minor Operations Phase Impact on land due to improper Negative Negligible Negligible waste disposal www.erm.com Version: 0.2 Project No.: 0441037 Client: Vivid Solaire Energy Private Limited (ENGIE Group) 23 March 2020 Page 182 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF A 252 IMPACT SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION MW WIND POWER PROJECT IN THOOTHUKUDI DISTRICT OF TAMIL NADU Final Report Impact Impact Description Significance of Impact Residual Impact nature Soil Contamination due to leaks/spills Negative Minor Negligible Impact on water availability Negative Negligible Negligible Impact on water quality Negative Minor Negligible Impact on ambient noise levels (day Negative Negligible Negligible time) Impact on ambient noise levels (night Negative Moderate to Negligible Minor to Negligible time) Impact of Shadow Flicker Negative Minor Negligible Hazard associated with turbine blade Negative Minor Minor movement Impact of Electrical Hazards on Negative Minor Negligible Avifaunal and Bat Species Decommissioning Phase Soil Contamination due to leaks/spills Negative Minor Negligible Impact on land and soil Negative Minor Negligible Impact on air quality Negative Moderate Minor 10.2 Conclusion The Project is a green energy Project generating 252 MW power through wind energy. The Project and its key components such as access road, site office building, and external transmission lines, are likely to have potential environmental impacts on baseline parameters such as land use, ambient air quality, noise quality etc. in the immediate vicinity of WTGs. The social impacts from the Project are assessed to be beneficial in terms of local employment and overall local area development. The Environmental and Social Action Plan (ESAP) describes mitigation measures for impacts specific to Project activities and also discuss implementation mechanism. Project specific management plans are also provided for certain Project activities such as waste management, bird/ bat management, stakeholder consultation etc. To conclude, the implementation of ESAP will help ENGIE Group in complying with its internal requirements as well as national/ state regulatory framework in addition to meeting IFC requirements. www.erm.com Version: 0.2 Project No.: 0441037 Client: Vivid Solaire Energy Private Limited (ENGIE Group) 23 March 2020 Page 183 APPENDIX A WTG PROFILING www.erm.com Version: 0.2 Project No.: 0441037 Client: Vivid Solaire Energy Private Limited (ENGIE Group) 23 March 2020 Screening/Profiling of ENGIE 250 MW WTG WTG WTG WTG Topography Land use Nearest Approximat Distance Dwellings Appro Railway Approxi Waterbodies within Distance Vegetation Archaeologic Distance Presence of Distance of Remarks ID Coordinate Coordinate Elevation Village e Distance of Road within 500 ximate Track mate 1 km of Description al / cultural of wild life Bio reserve/ (within 500 (Easting m (Northing m (amsl) of Village (m) m? distan within distance waterbod based on Significance archaeol sanctuary, National park/ m radius) E) E) (m) ce of 500 m of ies satellite ogical Bio reserve/ Eco-sensitive dwelli railway imagery site/ National park/ Zone ng (m) track cultural Eco-sensitive site Zone in 10 km radius A mix of Chalikullam Unnamed No agricultural Reserve Chalikullam Village 1160 m NW 1550 m dwellings Seasonal land, shrubs, No forest Agricultural Forest is Reserve Forest 1 825451 980664 38 Flat and and NW observed NA Yes 200 m S waterbodies were not NA bushes and No No land land present within approximately Kompady 1780 m N (Highway) within 500 observed other involved the 10 km 6.8 km NNE Village m of WTG vegetation radius on it. A mix of Vallanadu No agricultural Vallanadu Blackbuck 105 m W dwellings Seasonal land, shrubs, Blackbuck No forest Agricultural Sanctuary is 2 817792 974713 64 Flat Alanda 1720 m W (Village observed NA No NA waterbodies were not NA bushes and No No Sanctuary land land present within road) within 500 observed other approximately 8 involved the 10 km m of WTG vegetation km S radius on it. A mix of Seasonal Waterbody Vallanadu No agricultural Vallanadu observed upon Blackbuck 225 m S dwellings land, shrubs, Blackbuck No forest Agricultural Sekkaraku observation of 140 m Sanctuary is 3 820107 974503 55 Flat 3000 m E (Village observed NA No NA bushes and No No Sanctuary land land di Google Earth SW present within road) within 500 other approximately 9 involved Imagery dated the 10 km m of WTG vegetation km S 1/5/2016 radius on it. A mix of Seasonal Stream Chalikullam No agricultural observed upon Reserve Chalikullam 520 m E dwellings land, shrubs, No forest Agricultural Savariman 1066 m observation of 300 m Forest is Reserve Forest 4 826493 981369 36 Flat (Village observed NA No NA bushes and No No land land galam NNW Google Earth SW present within approximately road) within 500 other involved Imagery dated the 10 km 5.8 km NNE m of WTG vegetation 1/5/2016 radius on it. A mix of Seasonal Waterbody Chalikullam No agricultural observed upon Reserve Chalikullam 1227 m E dwellings land, shrubs, No forest Agricultural Savariman 1750 m observation of Forest is Reserve Forest 5 826572 980537 36 Flat (Village observed NA Yes 314 m S 190 m E bushes and No No land land galam ENE Google Earth present within approximately road) within 500 other involved Imagery dated the 10 km 6.7 km N m of WTG vegetation 1/5/2016 radius on it. A mix of Seasonal Stream Chalikullam No agricultural observed upon Reserve Chalikullam 550 m W dwellings land, shrubs, No forest Agricultural Savariman observation of Forest is Reserve Forest 6 826600 979679 34 Flat 2000 m NE (Village observed NA Yes 498 m N 210 m E bushes and No No land land galam Google Earth present within approximately road) within 500 other involved Imagery dated the 10 km 7.5 km NNE m of WTG vegetation 1/5/2016 radius on it. A mix of No presence No agricultural of wildlife Chaikulam 1150 m E dwellings Seasonal land, shrubs, No forest Agricultural Chokkalin sanctuary, bio Reserve Forest 7 825438 976983 39 Flat 1750 m SSE (Village observed NA No NA waterbodies were not NA bushes and No No land land gapuram reserve/nation approximately road) within 500 observed other involved al park/eco- 12-15 km NNE m of WTG vegetation sensitive zone on it. WTG WTG WTG WTG Topography Land use Nearest Approximat Distance Dwellings Appro Railway Approxi Waterbodies within Distance Vegetation Archaeologic Distance Presence of Distance of Remarks ID Coordinate Coordinate Elevation Village e Distance of Road within 500 ximate Track mate 1 km of Description al / cultural of wild life Bio reserve/ (within 500 (Easting m (Northing m (amsl) of Village (m) m? distan within distance waterbod based on Significance archaeol sanctuary, National park/ m radius) E) E) (m) ce of 500 m of ies satellite ogical Bio reserve/ Eco-sensitive dwelli railway imagery site/ National park/ Zone ng (m) track cultural Eco-sensitive site Zone in 10 km radius A mix of Vallanadu No agricultural Vallanadu Blackbuck 412 m E dwellings Seasonal land, shrubs, Blackbuck No forest Agricultural Sanctuary is 8 819671 975197 58 Flat Poovani 2199m NW (Village observed NA No NA waterbodies were not NA bushes and No No Sanctuary land land present within road) within 500 observed other approximately 9 involved the 10 km m of WTG vegetation km S radius on it. A mix of Vallanadu No agricultural Vallanadu Blackbuck 415 m SW dwellings Seasonal land, shrubs, Blackbuck No forest Agricultural Sekkaraku Sanctuary is 9 821390 974832 48 Flat 2500 m SE (Village observed NA No NA waterbodies were not NA bushes and No No Sanctuary land land di present within road) within 500 observed other approximately 9 involved the 10 km m of WTG vegetation km S radius on it. A mix of Vallanadu No agricultural Vallanadu 1440 m Blackbuck dwellings Seasonal land, shrubs, Blackbuck No forest Agricultural Singathak SW Sanctuary is 10 818669 974219 59 Flat 1659 m SW observed NA No NA waterbodies were not NA bushes and No No Sanctuary land land uruchi (Village present within within 500 observed other approximately 8 involved road) the 10 km m of WTG vegetation km S radius on it. A mix of No presence No agricultural 248 m N of wildlife Chaikulam dwellings Seasonal land, shrubs, No forest Agricultural (HW), 256 sanctuary, bio Reserve Forest 11 817772 980295 68 Flat Maniyachi 600 m NE observed NA No NA waterbodies were 547 m E bushes and No No land land E (Village reserve/nation approximately within 500 observed other involved road) al park/eco- 12-15 km NNE m of WTG vegetation sensitive zone on it. A mix of Seasonal Waterbody Vallanadu No agricultural Vallanadu observed upon Blackbuck 1750 m W dwellings land, shrubs, Blackbuck No forest Agricultural Singathak observation of Sanctuary is 12 819417 974260 57 Flat 2300 m SW (Village observed NA No NA 530 m E bushes and No No Sanctuary land land uruchi Google Earth present within road) within 500 other approximately 8 involved Imagery dated the 10 km m of WTG vegetation km S 1/5/2016 radius on it. A mix of Chalikullam No agricultural Reserve Chalikullam 1497 m S dwellings Seasonal land, shrubs, No forest Agricultural Melapandi Forest is Reserve Forest 13 825607 980069 37 Flat 1820 m W (Village observed NA Yes 240 m N waterbodies were not NA bushes and No No land land yapuram present within approximately road) within 500 observed other involved the 10 km 7.2 km NNE m of WTG vegetation radius on it. A mix of Vallanadu No agricultural Vallanadu Blackbuck 1323 m N dwellings Seasonal land, shrubs, Blackbuck No forest Agricultural Kasilingap Sanctuary is 14 819890 972046 55 Flat 1796 m SW (Village observed NA No NA waterbodies were not NA bushes and No No Sanctuary land land uram present within Road) within 500 observed other approximately 8 involved the 10 km m of WTG vegetation km S radius on it. A mix of No presence No agricultural of wildlife Chaikulam 945 m S dwellings Seasonal land, shrubs, No forest Agricultural Ramaswa sanctuary, bio Reserve Forest 15 829747 974389 23 Flat 850 m S (Village observed NA No NA waterbodies were not NA bushes and No No land land mipuram reserve/nation approximately Road) within 500 observed other involved al park/eco- 12-15 km NNE m of WTG vegetation sensitive zone on it. WTG WTG WTG WTG Topography Land use Nearest Approximat Distance Dwellings Appro Railway Approxi Waterbodies within Distance Vegetation Archaeologic Distance Presence of Distance of Remarks ID Coordinate Coordinate Elevation Village e Distance of Road within 500 ximate Track mate 1 km of Description al / cultural of wild life Bio reserve/ (within 500 (Easting m (Northing m (amsl) of Village (m) m? distan within distance waterbod based on Significance archaeol sanctuary, National park/ m radius) E) E) (m) ce of 500 m of ies satellite ogical Bio reserve/ Eco-sensitive dwelli railway imagery site/ National park/ Zone ng (m) track cultural Eco-sensitive site Zone in 10 km radius A mix of No presence No agricultural of wildlife Chaikulam 2010 m S dwellings Seasonal land, shrubs, No forest Agricultural Paraikutta sanctuary, bio Reserve Forest 16 821234 977954 56 Flat 2400 m N (Village observed NA No NA waterbodies were not NA bushes and No No land land m reserve/nation approximately road) within 500 observed other involved al park/eco- 12-15 km NNE m of WTG vegetation sensitive zone on it. A mix of Vallanadu No agricultural Vallanadu Blackbuck 200 m E dwellings Seasonal land, shrubs, Blackbuck No forest Agricultural Sanctuary is 17 811812 970626 29 Flat Kaliyavur 880m SW (Village observed NA No NA waterbodies were not NA bushes and No No Sanctuary land land present within Road) within 500 observed other approximately 6 involved the 10 km m of WTG vegetation km S radius on it. A mix of Vallanadu No agricultural Vallanadu Blackbuck 105 m E dwellings Seasonal land, shrubs, Blackbuck No forest Agricultural Kasilingap Sanctuary is 18 816810 970431 49 Flat 1120 m NE (Village observed NA No NA waterbodies were not NA bushes and No No Sanctuary land land uram present within road) within 500 observed other approximately 4 involved the 10 km m of WTG vegetation km S radius on it. A mix of Vallanadu No agricultural Vallanadu Blackbuck 1821 m W dwellings Seasonal land, shrubs, Blackbuck No forest Agricultural Kasilingap Sanctuary is 19 820154 971331 52 Flat 1945 m W (Village observed NA No NA waterbodies were not NA bushes and No No Sanctuary land land uram present within road) within 500 observed other approximately 6 involved the 10 km m of WTG vegetation km S radius on it. A mix of Vallanadu agricultural Vallanadu Blackbuck 516 m W Seasonal land, shrubs, Blackbuck No forest Agricultural Singathak 386 m Sanctuary is 20 816849 973665 56 Flat 520 m S (Village Yes No NA waterbodies were not NA bushes and No No Sanctuary land land uruchi S present within road) observed other approximately 7 involved the 10 km vegetation km S radius on it. A mix of No presence No agricultural of wildlife Chaikulam S. 120 m E dwellings Seasonal land, shrubs, No forest Agricultural sanctuary, bio Reserve Forest 21 829886 978721 31 Flat Kailasapur 827 m NW (Village observed NA No NA waterbodies were not NA bushes and No No land land reserve/nation approximately am road) within 500 observed other involved al park/eco- 12-15 km NNE m of WTG vegetation sensitive zone on it. A mix of Chalikullam No agricultural Paraikutta Reserve Chalikullam dwellings Seasonal land, shrubs, No forest Agricultural m, 480 m N Forest is Reserve Forest 22 822424 980182 50 Flat 512m NW observed NA No NA waterbodies were not NA bushes and No No land land Melapandi (Highway) present within approximately within 500 observed other involved yapuram the 10 km 8.9 km NNE m of WTG vegetation radius on it. A mix of Chalikullam No agricultural Reserve Chalikullam 1110 m W dwellings Seasonal land, shrubs, No forest Agricultural Melapandi Forest is Reserve Forest 23 824338 980393 43 Flat 1100 m W (Village observed NA No NA waterbodies were not NA bushes and No No land land yapuram present within approximately road) within 500 observed other involved the 10 km 7.5 km NNE m of WTG vegetation radius on it. WTG WTG WTG WTG Topography Land use Nearest Approximat Distance Dwellings Appro Railway Approxi Waterbodies within Distance Vegetation Archaeologic Distance Presence of Distance of Remarks ID Coordinate Coordinate Elevation Village e Distance of Road within 500 ximate Track mate 1 km of Description al / cultural of wild life Bio reserve/ (within 500 (Easting m (Northing m (amsl) of Village (m) m? distan within distance waterbod based on Significance archaeol sanctuary, National park/ m radius) E) E) (m) ce of 500 m of ies satellite ogical Bio reserve/ Eco-sensitive dwelli railway imagery site/ National park/ Zone ng (m) track cultural Eco-sensitive site Zone in 10 km radius A mix of Chalikullam No agricultural Reserve Chalikullam 825 m SW dwellings Seasonal land, shrubs, No forest Agricultural Melapandi Forest is Reserve Forest 24 824644 979814 44 Flat 1440 m W (Village observed NA No NA waterbodies were not NA bushes and No No land land yapuram present within approximately road) within 500 observed other involved the 10 km 7.9 km NNE m of WTG vegetation radius on it. A mix of No presence No agricultural of wildlife Chaikulam 549 m E dwellings Seasonal land, shrubs, No forest Agricultural Sekkaraku sanctuary, bio Reserve Forest 25 823102.63 975402.94 47 Flat 1600 m S (Village observed NA No NA waterbodies were not NA bushes and No No land land di reserve/nation approximately Road) within 500 observed other involved al park/eco- 12-15 km NNE m of WTG vegetation sensitive zone on it. A mix of Chalikullam No agricultural Reserve Chalikullam 903 m S dwellings Seasonal land, shrubs, No forest Agricultural Melapandi Forest is Reserve Forest 26 825688 979507 38 Flat 2705 m W (Village observed NA No NA waterbodies were not NA bushes and No No land land yapuram present within approximately road) within 500 observed other involved the 10 km 7.8 km NNE m of WTG vegetation radius on it. A mix of Vallanadu No agricultural Vallanadu Blackbuck 664 m E dwellings Seasonal land, shrubs, Blackbuck No forest Agricultural Sanctuary is 27 815254 972761 44 Flat Alanda 1347 m N (Village observed NA No NA waterbodies were not NA bushes and No No Sanctuary land land present within road) within 500 observed other approximately 7 involved the 10 km m of WTG vegetation km S radius on it. A mix of Vallanadu agricultural Vallanadu Blackbuck 293 m E Seasonal land, shrubs, Blackbuck No forest Agricultural 398 m Sanctuary is 28 818116 976471 65 Flat Poovani 505 m N (Village Yes No NA waterbodies were not NA bushes and No No Sanctuary land land N present within road) observed other approximately involved the 10 km vegetation 10 km S radius on it. A mix of No presence No agricultural of wildlife Chaikulam 2108 m N dwellings Seasonal land, shrubs, No forest Agricultural Paraikutta sanctuary, bio Reserve Forest 29 821228 978398 56 Flat 2044 m N (Village observed NA No NA waterbodies were not NA bushes and No No land land m reserve/nation approximately road) within 500 observed other involved al park/eco- 12-15 km NNE m of WTG vegetation sensitive zone on it. A mix of No presence agricultural of wildlife Chaikulam 207 m NW Seasonal land, shrubs, No forest Agricultural Lakshimip 470 m sanctuary, bio Reserve Forest 30 814424 976948 45 Flat 528 m NE (State Yes No NA waterbodies were not NA bushes and No No land land uram N reserve/nation approximately Highway) observed other involved al park/eco- 12-15 km NNE vegetation sensitive zone on it. A mix of Vallanadu No agricultural Vallanadu Blackbuck 70 m W dwellings Seasonal land, shrubs, Blackbuck No forest Agricultural Keelapoov Sanctuary is 31 820275 975828 56 Flat 2496 m NW (Village observed NA No NA waterbodies were not NA bushes and No No Sanctuary land land ani present within road) within 500 observed other approximately involved the 10 km m of WTG vegetation 10 km S radius on it. WTG WTG WTG WTG Topography Land use Nearest Approximat Distance Dwellings Appro Railway Approxi Waterbodies within Distance Vegetation Archaeologic Distance Presence of Distance of Remarks ID Coordinate Coordinate Elevation Village e Distance of Road within 500 ximate Track mate 1 km of Description al / cultural of wild life Bio reserve/ (within 500 (Easting m (Northing m (amsl) of Village (m) m? distan within distance waterbod based on Significance archaeol sanctuary, National park/ m radius) E) E) (m) ce of 500 m of ies satellite ogical Bio reserve/ Eco-sensitive dwelli railway imagery site/ National park/ Zone ng (m) track cultural Eco-sensitive site Zone in 10 km radius A mix of No presence No agricultural of wildlife Chaikulam 365 m SE dwellings Seasonal land, shrubs, No forest Agricultural Sekkaraku sanctuary, bio Reserve Forest 32 824921 975010 37 Flat 830 m S (Village observed NA No NA waterbodies were not NA bushes and No No land land di reserve/nation approximately Road) within 500 observed other involved al park/eco- 12-15 km NNE m of WTG vegetation sensitive zone on it. A mix of Vallanadu No agricultural Vallanadu Blackbuck 1220 m E dwellings Seasonal land, shrubs, Blackbuck No forest Agricultural Sanctuary is 33 818755 974945 60 Flat Poovani 2568 m N (Village observed NA No NA waterbodies were not NA bushes and No No Sanctuary land land present within road) within 500 observed other approximately 9 involved the 10 km m of WTG vegetation km S radius on it. A mix of Seasonal Waterbody Vallanadu No agricultural Vallanadu observed upon Blackbuck 100 m NE dwellings land, shrubs, Blackbuck No forest Agricultural 3263 m observation of 660 m Sanctuary is 34 820543 974990 53 Flat Poovani (Village observed NA No NA bushes and No No Sanctuary land land NNW Google Earth NW present within road) within 500 other approximately involved Imagery dated the 10 km m of WTG vegetation 10 km S 1/5/2016 radius on it. A mix of No presence No agricultural 1800 m of wildlife Chaikulam dwellings Seasonal land, shrubs, No forest Agricultural 3150 m SW sanctuary, bio Reserve Forest 35 821363 977589 54 Flat Poovani observed NA No NA waterbodies were not NA bushes and No No land land WSW (Village reserve/nation approximately within 500 observed other involved road) al park/eco- 12-15 km away m of WTG vegetation sensitive zone on it. A mix of No presence No agricultural of wildlife Chaikulam 910 m N dwellings Seasonal land, shrubs, No forest Agricultural Unnamed sanctuary, bio Reserve Forest 36 824630 977524 44 Flat 907 m N (Village observed NA No NA waterbodies were not NA bushes and No No land land village reserve/nation approximately Road) within 500 observed other involved al park/eco- 10-12 km away m of WTG vegetation sensitive zone on it. No dwellings observed within 500 A mix of Vallanadu m of WTG. agricultural Vallanadu Blackbuck But a Seasonal land, shrubs, Blackbuck No forest Agricultural 334 m Sanctuary is 37 825151 969882 39 Flat Pottalurani 2350 m SW 1200m W potential No NA waterbodies were not NA bushes and No No Sanctuary land land N present within solar observed other approximately 9 involved the 10 km power vegetation km S radius plant on it. observed within 500 m A mix of Seasonal Waterbody Vallanadu No agricultural Vallanadu observed upon Blackbuck 510 m SE dwellings land, shrubs, Blackbuck No forest Agricultural Singathak observation of Sanctuary is 38 819514 973820 56 Flat 2100 m SW (Village observed NA No NA 660 m NE bushes and No No Sanctuary land land uruchi Google Earth present within Road) within 500 other approximately 8 involved Imagery dated the 10 km m of WTG vegetation km S 1/5/2016 radius on it. WTG WTG WTG WTG Topography Land use Nearest Approximat Distance Dwellings Appro Railway Approxi Waterbodies within Distance Vegetation Archaeologic Distance Presence of Distance of Remarks ID Coordinate Coordinate Elevation Village e Distance of Road within 500 ximate Track mate 1 km of Description al / cultural of wild life Bio reserve/ (within 500 (Easting m (Northing m (amsl) of Village (m) m? distan within distance waterbod based on Significance archaeol sanctuary, National park/ m radius) E) E) (m) ce of 500 m of ies satellite ogical Bio reserve/ Eco-sensitive dwelli railway imagery site/ National park/ Zone ng (m) track cultural Eco-sensitive site Zone in 10 km radius A mix of Vallanadu agricultural Vallanadu Blackbuck 125 m W Seasonal land, shrubs, Blackbuck No forest Agricultural Unnamed 230 m Sanctuary is 39 815677 968504 42 Flat 765 m SW (Village Yes No NA waterbodies were not NA bushes and No No Sanctuary land land Village N present within Road) observed other approximately 2 involved the 10 km vegetation km S radius on it. A mix of Seasonal Waterbody Vallanadu No agricultural Vallanadu observed upon Blackbuck 397 m S dwellings land, shrubs, Blackbuck No forest Agricultural Singathak observation of Sanctuary is 40 820730 974122 51 Flat 2300 m SE (Village observed NA No NA 735 m W bushes and No No Sanctuary land land uruchi Google Earth present within Road) within 500 other approximately 9 involved Imagery dated the 10 km m of WTG vegetation km S 1/5/2016 radius on it. A mix of Vallanadu No agricultural Vallanadu Blackbuck 320 m W dwellings Seasonal land, shrubs, Blackbuck No forest Agricultural Sanctuary is 41 824207 969637 43 Flat Pottalurani 1520 m S (Village observed NA No NA waterbodies were not NA bushes and No No Sanctuary land land present within Road) within 500 observed other approximately 9 involved the 10 km m of WTG vegetation km S radius on it. A mix of Vallanadu No agricultural Vallanadu Blackbuck 525 m NW dwellings Seasonal land, shrubs, Blackbuck No forest Agricultural Vadakkuk Sanctuary is 42 816968 969500 47 Flat 1154 m E (Village observed NA No NA waterbodies were not NA bushes and No No Sanctuary land land arachery present within Road) within 500 observed other approximately 3 involved the 10 km m of WTG vegetation km S radius on it. A mix of Vallanadu No agricultural Vallanadu Blackbuck 975 m W dwellings Seasonal land, shrubs, Blackbuck No forest Agricultural Kasilingap Sanctuary is 43 818346 972147 55 Flat 730 m S (Village observed NA No NA waterbodies were not NA bushes and No No Sanctuary land land uram present within Road) within 500 observed other approximately 6 involved the 10 km m of WTG vegetation km S radius on it. A mix of Seasonal Stream No presence agricultural (dry) observed upon of wildlife Chaikulam 529 m E land, shrubs, No forest Agricultural Kailasapur 442m observation of sanctuary, bio Reserve Forest 44 828529 979428 31 Flat 442 m E (Village Yes No NA 90 m NE bushes and No No land land am E Google Earth reserve/nation approximately Road) other involved Imagery dated al park/eco- 10-12 km away vegetation 1/5/2016 sensitive zone on it. A mix of Vallanadu No agricultural Vallanadu Blackbuck 1500 m N dwellings Seasonal land, shrubs, Blackbuck No forest Agricultural Sanctuary is 45 814470 969827 40 Flat Ulakkudi 1200 m N (Village observed NA No NA waterbodies were not NA bushes and No No Sanctuary land land present within Road) within 500 observed other approximately 4 involved the 10 km m of WTG vegetation km S radius on it. A mix of Seasonal Waterbody Vallanadu No agricultural Vallanadu observed upon Blackbuck 600m N dwellings land, shrubs, Blackbuck No forest Agricultural Singathak observation of 700 m Sanctuary is 46 815622 971550 42 Flat 1800m NE (Village observed NA No NA bushes and No No Sanctuary land land uruchi Google Earth WNW present within Road) within 500 other approximately 5 involved Imagery dated the 10 km m of WTG vegetation km S 1/5/2016 radius on it. WTG WTG WTG WTG Topography Land use Nearest Approximat Distance Dwellings Appro Railway Approxi Waterbodies within Distance Vegetation Archaeologic Distance Presence of Distance of Remarks ID Coordinate Coordinate Elevation Village e Distance of Road within 500 ximate Track mate 1 km of Description al / cultural of wild life Bio reserve/ (within 500 (Easting m (Northing m (amsl) of Village (m) m? distan within distance waterbod based on Significance archaeol sanctuary, National park/ m radius) E) E) (m) ce of 500 m of ies satellite ogical Bio reserve/ Eco-sensitive dwelli railway imagery site/ National park/ Zone ng (m) track cultural Eco-sensitive site Zone in 10 km radius A mix of No presence agricultural of wildlife Chaikulam 380 m N Seasonal land, shrubs, No forest Agricultural Sekkaraku 320 m sanctuary, bio Reserve Forest 47 825986 973118 43 Flat 830 m W (Village Yes No NA waterbodies were not NA bushes and No No land land di N reserve/nation approximately Road) observed other involved al park/eco- 12-15 km away vegetation sensitive zone on it. A mix of Vallanadu No agricultural Vallanadu Blackbuck 362 m N dwellings Seasonal land, shrubs, Blackbuck No forest Agricultural Sanctuary is 48 814794 974768 48 Flat Alanda 897 m SE (Village observed NA No NA waterbodies were not NA bushes and No No Sanctuary land land present within Road) within 500 observed other approximately 8 involved the 10 km m of WTG vegetation km S radius on it. A mix of Seasonal Waterbody Vallanadu agricultural Vallanadu observed upon Blackbuck 90 m W land, shrubs, Blackbuck No forest Agricultural Unnamed 430 m observation of 550 m Sanctuary is 49 816230 969080 49 Flat 1550 m W (Village Yes No NA bushes and No No Sanctuary land land Village W Google Earth ESE present within Road) other approximately 3 involved Imagery dated the 10 km vegetation km S 1/5/2016 radius on it. A mix of Seasonal Waterbody Vallanadu No agricultural Vallanadu observed upon Blackbuck 120 m S dwellings land, shrubs, Blackbuck No forest Agricultural Singathak observation of Sanctuary is 50 815467 972277 44 Flat 1500m E (Village observed NA No NA 560 m W bushes and No No Sanctuary land land uruchi Google Earth present within Road) within 500 other approximately 6 involved Imagery dated the 10 km m of WTG vegetation km S 1/5/2016 radius on it. A mix of Vallanadu No agricultural Vallanadu Blackbuck 320 m E dwellings Seasonal land, shrubs, Blackbuck No forest Agricultural Sanctuary is 51 823163 969281 45 Flat Pottalurani 800 m S (Village observed NA No NA waterbodies were not NA bushes and No No Sanctuary land land present within Road) within 500 observed other approximately 7 involved the 10 km m of WTG vegetation km S radius on it. A mix of Chaikulam No agricultural Reserve Chaikulam 215 m NE dwellings Seasonal land, shrubs, No forest Agricultural P.Duraisa Forest is Reserve Forest 52 827976 994047 70 Flat 992 m E (Village observed NA No NA waterbodies were not NA bushes and No No land land mypuram present within approximately 4 Road) within 500 observed other involved the 10 km km S m of WTG vegetation radius on it. A mix of Chaikulam No agricultural Reserve Chaikulam Venkatesh 1975 m W dwellings Seasonal land, shrubs, No forest Agricultural Forest is Reserve Forest 53 823059 988894 61 Flat warapura 2442 m NW (Village observed NA No NA waterbodies were not NA bushes and No No land land present within approximately 4 m Road) within 500 observed other involved the 10 km km E m of WTG vegetation radius on it. A mix of Vallanadu No agricultural Vallanadu Blackbuck 760 m dwellings Seasonal land, shrubs, Blackbuck No forest Agricultural Sanctuary is 54 820960 975541 52 Flat Poovani 3214 m NW (Village observed NA No NA waterbodies were not NA bushes and No No Sanctuary land land present within Road) within 500 observed other approximately involved the 10 km m of WTG vegetation 10 km S radius on it. WTG WTG WTG WTG Topography Land use Nearest Approximat Distance Dwellings Appro Railway Approxi Waterbodies within Distance Vegetation Archaeologic Distance Presence of Distance of Remarks ID Coordinate Coordinate Elevation Village e Distance of Road within 500 ximate Track mate 1 km of Description al / cultural of wild life Bio reserve/ (within 500 (Easting m (Northing m (amsl) of Village (m) m? distan within distance waterbod based on Significance archaeol sanctuary, National park/ m radius) E) E) (m) ce of 500 m of ies satellite ogical Bio reserve/ Eco-sensitive dwelli railway imagery site/ National park/ Zone ng (m) track cultural Eco-sensitive site Zone in 10 km radius A mix of No presence agricultural of wildlife Chaikulam 879 m Seasonal land, shrubs, No forest Agricultural Sekkaraku 383 m sanctuary, bio Reserve Forest 55 825204 972118 37 Flat 1054 m N (Village Yes No NA waterbodies were not NA bushes and No No land land di WSW reserve/nation approximately Road) observed other involved al park/eco- 12-15 km away vegetation sensitive zone on it. A mix of Seasonal Waterbody Vallanadu No agricultural Vallanadu observed upon Blackbuck 163 m E dwellings land, shrubs, Blackbuck No forest Agricultural Kombukka observation of Sanctuary is 56 824189 972430 36 Flat 675m S (Village observed NA No NA 490 m S bushes and No No Sanctuary land land ra Natham Google Earth present within Road) within 500 other approximately involved Imagery dated the 10 km m of WTG vegetation 10 km S 13/2/2016 radius on it. A mix of Seasonal Waterbody Vallanadu No agricultural Vallanadu observed upon Blackbuck 339 m W dwellings land, shrubs, Blackbuck No forest Agricultural Vada observation of Sanctuary is 57 814323 967335 33 Flat 568 m W (Village observed NA No NA 490 m E bushes and No No Sanctuary land land Vallanadu Google Earth present within Road) within 500 other approximately 2 involved Imagery dated the 10 km m of WTG vegetation km S 13/2/2016 radius on it. A mix of Seasonal Waterbody Vallanadu No agricultural Vallanadu observed upon Blackbuck 998 m E dwellings land, shrubs, Blackbuck No forest Agricultural observation of Sanctuary is 58 822401 969077 50 Flat Pottalurani 900 m SE (Village observed NA No NA 940 m SE bushes and No No Sanctuary land land Google Earth present within Road) within 500 other approximately 5 involved Imagery dated the 10 km m of WTG vegetation km SW 13/2/2016 radius on it. A mix of Vallanadu No agricultural Vallanadu Blackbuck 1780 m E dwellings Seasonal land, shrubs, Blackbuck No forest Agricultural Sanctuary is 59 821508 969034 52 Flat Pottalurani 1694 m E (Village observed NA No NA waterbodies were not NA bushes and No No Sanctuary land land present within Road) within 500 observed other approximately 5 involved the 10 km m of WTG vegetation km SW radius on it. A mix of Vallanadu No agricultural Vallanadu Blackbuck 632 m E dwellings Seasonal land, shrubs, Blackbuck No forest Agricultural Kasilingap Sanctuary is 60 818003 970175 58 Flat 627 m N (Village observed NA No NA waterbodies were not NA bushes and No No Sanctuary land land uram present within Road) within 500 observed other approximately 4 involved the 10 km m of WTG vegetation km SW radius on it. A mix of Seasonal Waterbody Vallanadu No agricultural Vallanadu observed upon Blackbuck 820 m W dwellings land, shrubs, Blackbuck No forest Agricultural Deivachey observation of 290 m Sanctuary is 61 821418 968402 54 Flat 1100 m S (village observed NA No NA bushes and No No Sanctuary land land alpuram Google Earth SW present within road) within 500 other approximately 5 involved Imagery dated the 10 km m of WTG vegetation km SW 13/2/2016 radius on it. A mix of Seasonal Waterbody Vallanadu No agricultural Vallanadu observed upon Blackbuck 90 m N dwellings land, shrubs, Blackbuck No forest Agricultural Vadakkuk observation of Sanctuary is 62 820900 969673 55 Flat 2137 m W (Village observed NA No NA 400 m W bushes and No No Sanctuary land land arachery Google Earth present within Road) within 500 other approximately 6 involved Imagery dated the 10 km m of WTG vegetation km SW 13/2/2016 radius on it. WTG WTG WTG WTG Topography Land use Nearest Approximat Distance Dwellings Appro Railway Approxi Waterbodies within Distance Vegetation Archaeologic Distance Presence of Distance of Remarks ID Coordinate Coordinate Elevation Village e Distance of Road within 500 ximate Track mate 1 km of Description al / cultural of wild life Bio reserve/ (within 500 (Easting m (Northing m (amsl) of Village (m) m? distan within distance waterbod based on Significance archaeol sanctuary, National park/ m radius) E) E) (m) ce of 500 m of ies satellite ogical Bio reserve/ Eco-sensitive dwelli railway imagery site/ National park/ Zone ng (m) track cultural Eco-sensitive site Zone in 10 km radius A mix of Seasonal Waterbody Gangaikondon No agricultural observed upon Wildlife Gangaikondon 913 m E dwellings land, shrubs, No forest Agricultural Puliayamp observation of Sanctuary is Sanctuary 63 811997 976967 37 Flat 975 m E (Village observed NA No NA 400 m W bushes and No No land land atti Google Earth present within approximately 6 Road) within 500 other involved Imagery dated the 10 km km W m of WTG vegetation 13/2/2016 radius on it. A mix of Seasonal Waterbody Vallanadu No agricultural Vallanadu observed upon Blackbuck 540 m SW dwellings land, shrubs, Blackbuck No forest Agricultural Deivachey observation of Sanctuary is 64 821376 967802 52 Flat 520 m S (Village observed NA No NA 340 m W bushes and No No Sanctuary land land alpuram Google Earth present within Road) within 500 other approximately 5 involved Imagery dated the 10 km m of WTG vegetation km SW 13/2/2016 radius on it. A mix of No presence No agricultural 403 m of wildlife Chaikulam dwellings Seasonal land, shrubs, No forest Agricultural Sekkaraku ESE sanctuary, bio Reserve Forest 65 823643 975789 45 Flat 1875 m S observed NA No NA waterbodies were not NA bushes and No No land land di (Village reserve/nation approximately within 500 observed other involved Road) al park/eco- 12-15 km away m of WTG vegetation sensitive zone on it. A mix of Seasonal Waterbody Vallanadu agricultural Vallanadu 490 m observed upon Blackbuck 90 m SE land, shrubs, Blackbuck No forest Agricultural Unnamed 490 m N and observation of Sanctuary is 66 815106 967824 35 Flat (Village Yes No NA 100 m W bushes and No No Sanctuary land land Village NNW 500 m Google Earth present within Road) other approximately 2 involved S Imagery dated the 10 km vegetation km S 13/2/2016 radius on it. A mix of Seasonal Waterbody Vallanadu No agricultural Vallanadu observed upon Blackbuck 165 m W dwellings land, shrubs, Blackbuck No forest Agricultural Deivachey observation of Sanctuary is 67 820572 968448 55 Flat 1300 m S (Village observed NA No NA 260 m S bushes and No No Sanctuary land land alpuram Google Earth present within Road) within 500 other approximately 4 involved Imagery dated the 10 km m of WTG vegetation km SW 13/2/2016 radius on it. A mix of No presence agricultural of wildlife Chaikulam 193 m SW Seasonal land, shrubs, No forest Agricultural Sekkaraku 420 m sanctuary, bio Reserve Forest 68 823127 974628 45 Flat 525 m S (Village Yes No NA waterbodies were not NA bushes and No No land land di S reserve/nation approximately Road) observed other involved al park/eco- 12-15 km away vegetation sensitive zone on it. A mix of Seasonal Waterbody Chaikulam agricultural observed upon Reserve Chaikulam 220 m S land, shrubs, No forest Agricultural 470 m observation of Forest is Reserve Forest 69 825567 983019 42 Flat Kompady 510 m SE (Main Yes No NA 360 m E bushes and No No land land SE Google Earth present within approximately 5 Road) other involved Imagery dated the 10 km km N vegetation 13/2/2016 radius on it. A mix of Vallanadu No agricultural Vallanadu Blackbuck 152 m N dwellings Seasonal land, shrubs, Blackbuck No forest Agricultural Sanctuary is 70 815020 973474 44 Flat Alanda 843m NE (Village observed NA No NA waterbodies were not NA bushes and No No Sanctuary land land present within Road) within 500 observed other approximately 7 involved the 10 km m of WTG vegetation km S radius on it. WTG WTG WTG WTG Topography Land use Nearest Approximat Distance Dwellings Appro Railway Approxi Waterbodies within Distance Vegetation Archaeologic Distance Presence of Distance of Remarks ID Coordinate Coordinate Elevation Village e Distance of Road within 500 ximate Track mate 1 km of Description al / cultural of wild life Bio reserve/ (within 500 (Easting m (Northing m (amsl) of Village (m) m? distan within distance waterbod based on Significance archaeol sanctuary, National park/ m radius) E) E) (m) ce of 500 m of ies satellite ogical Bio reserve/ Eco-sensitive dwelli railway imagery site/ National park/ Zone ng (m) track cultural Eco-sensitive site Zone in 10 km radius A mix of Vallanadu No agricultural Vallanadu Blackbuck 987 m N dwellings Seasonal land, shrubs, Blackbuck No forest Agricultural Sekkaraku Sanctuary is 71 821156 972808 49 Flat 2770 m NE (Village observed NA No NA waterbodies were not NA bushes and No No Sanctuary land land di present within Road) within 500 observed other approximately 8 involved the 10 km m of WTG vegetation km S radius on it. A mix of Seasonal Waterbody Vallanadu agricultural Vallanadu observed upon Blackbuck 90 m NW land, shrubs, Blackbuck No forest Agricultural Singathak 300 m observation of Sanctuary is 72 817110 972155 53 Flat 400 m N (Village Yes No NA 316 m W bushes and No No Sanctuary land land uruchi N Google Earth present within Road) other approximately 6 involved Imagery dated the 10 km vegetation km S 13/2/2016 radius on it. A mix of No presence No agricultural of wildlife Chaikulam 561 m W dwellings Seasonal land, shrubs, No forest Agricultural Ottanatha sanctuary, bio Reserve Forest 73 818771 984459 65 Flat 687 m N (Main observed NA No NA waterbodies were not NA bushes and No No land land m reserve/nation approximately Road) within 500 observed other involved al park/eco- 10-12 km away m of WTG vegetation sensitive zone on it. A mix of Seasonal Waterbody No presence No agricultural observed upon of wildlife Chaikulam 570 m S dwellings land, shrubs, No forest Agricultural Unnamed observation of sanctuary, bio Reserve Forest 74 814540 969382 38 Flat 920 m S (Village observed NA No NA 430 m S bushes and No No land land Village Google Earth reserve/nation approximately Road) within 500 other involved Imagery dated al park/eco- 12-15 km away m of WTG vegetation 13/2/2016 sensitive zone on it. A mix of River/stream Vallanadu No agricultural Vallanadu observed upon Blackbuck 156 m E dwellings land, shrubs, Blackbuck No forest Agricultural Unnamed observation of Sanctuary is 75 812716 968636 26 Flat 570 m E (Village observed NA No NA 470 m W bushes and No No Sanctuary land land Village Google Earth present within Road) within 500 other approximately 5 involved Imagery dated the 10 km m of WTG vegetation km SE 13/2/2016 radius on it. A mix of Vallanadu No agricultural Vallanadu Blackbuck 195 m W dwellings Seasonal land, shrubs, Blackbuck No forest Agricultural Unnamed Sanctuary is 76 813296 968050 28 Flat 672 m N (Village observed NA No NA waterbodies were not NA bushes and No No Sanctuary land land Village present within Road) within 500 observed other approximately 4 involved the 10 km m of WTG vegetation km SE radius on it. A mix of Seasonal Waterbody Vallanadu agricultural Vallanadu observed upon Blackbuck 152 m S land, shrubs, Blackbuck No forest Agricultural Unnamed 380 m observation of Sanctuary is 77 815239 966898 37 Flat 420 m N (Village Yes No NA 400 m N bushes and No No Sanctuary land land Village SE Google Earth present within Road) other approximately 1 involved Imagery dated the 10 km vegetation km SE 13/2/2016 radius on it. A mix of Seasonal Waterbody Vallanadu No agricultural Vallanadu observed upon Blackbuck 235 m S dwellings land, shrubs, Blackbuck No forest Agricultural Singathak observation of Sanctuary is 78 816331 973091 54 Flat 640 m SE (Village observed NA No NA 600 m N bushes and No No Sanctuary land land uruchi Google Earth present within Road) within 500 other approximately 7 involved Imagery dated the 10 km m of WTG vegetation km S 13/2/2016 radius on it. WTG WTG WTG WTG Topography Land use Nearest Approximat Distance Dwellings Appro Railway Approxi Waterbodies within Distance Vegetation Archaeologic Distance Presence of Distance of Remarks ID Coordinate Coordinate Elevation Village e Distance of Road within 500 ximate Track mate 1 km of Description al / cultural of wild life Bio reserve/ (within 500 (Easting m (Northing m (amsl) of Village (m) m? distan within distance waterbod based on Significance archaeol sanctuary, National park/ m radius) E) E) (m) ce of 500 m of ies satellite ogical Bio reserve/ Eco-sensitive dwelli railway imagery site/ National park/ Zone ng (m) track cultural Eco-sensitive site Zone in 10 km radius Gangaikondon A mix of Wildlife No agricultural Sanctuary and Vallanadu 399 m E dwellings Seasonal land, shrubs, Vallanadu Blackbuck No forest Agricultural 79 813829 973756 39 Flat Alanda 1810 m E (Village observed NA No NA waterbodies were not NA bushes and No No Blackbuck Sanctuary land land Road) within 500 observed other Sanctuary is approximately 8 involved m of WTG vegetation present within km S on it. the 10 km radius A mix of Vallanadu No agricultural Vallanadu 1260 m Blackbuck dwellings Seasonal land, shrubs, Blackbuck No forest Agricultural SE Sanctuary is 80 815424 970381 43 Flat Ulakkudi 1700m NW observed NA No NA waterbodies were not NA bushes and No No Sanctuary land land (Village present within within 500 observed other approximately 4 involved Road) the 10 km m of WTG vegetation km S radius on it. A mix of Vallanadu No agricultural Vallanadu Blackbuck 544 m W dwellings Seasonal land, shrubs, Blackbuck No forest Agricultural Sanctuary is 81 814649 974338 46 Flat Alanda 1000 m SE (Village observed NA No NA waterbodies were not NA bushes and No No Sanctuary land land present within Road) within 500 observed other approximately 8 involved the 10 km m of WTG vegetation km S radius on it. A mix of Seasonal Waterbody Chaikulam No agricultural observed upon Reserve Chaikulam 180 m E dwellings land, shrubs, No forest Agricultural Ottanatha observation of 900 m Forest is Reserve Forest 82 819481 986961 65 Flat 1183 m S (Main observed NA No NA bushes and No No land land m Google Earth SW present within approximately 8 Road) within 500 other involved Imagery dated the 10 km km E m of WTG vegetation 13/2/2016 radius on it. A mix of Seasonal Waterbody Vallanadu No agricultural Vallanadu observed upon Blackbuck 692 m W dwellings land, shrubs, Blackbuck No forest Agricultural observation of 160 m Sanctuary is 83 816787 974135 54 Flat Alanda 720 m W (Village observed NA No NA bushes and No No Sanctuary land land Google Earth SW present within Road) within 500 other approximately 8 involved Imagery dated the 10 km m of WTG vegetation km S 13/2/2016 radius on it. A mix of Seasonal Waterbody Vallanadu No agricultural Vallanadu observed upon Blackbuck 1000 m E dwellings land, shrubs, Blackbuck No forest Agricultural observation of Sanctuary is 84 816607 974683 58 Flat Alanda 560 m SW (Village observed NA No NA 600 m SE bushes and No No Sanctuary land land Google Earth present within Road) within 500 other approximately 8 involved Imagery dated the 10 km m of WTG vegetation km S 13/2/2016 radius on it. A mix of Chaikulam agricultural Reserve Chaikulam 93 m S Seasonal land, shrubs, No forest Agricultural Maharajap 350 m Forest is Reserve Forest 85 820021 983017 61 Flat 350 m E (Village Yes No NA waterbodies were not NA bushes and No No land land uram E present within approximately 9 Road) observed other involved the 10 km km E vegetation radius on it. A mix of Chaikulam No agricultural Reserve Chaikulam 78 m S dwellings Seasonal land, shrubs, No forest Agricultural Maharajap Forest is Reserve Forest 86 821359 983082 54 Flat 750 m W (Village observed NA No NA waterbodies were not NA bushes and No No land land uram present within approximately 9 Road) within 500 observed other involved the 10 km km E m of WTG vegetation radius on it. WTG WTG WTG WTG Topography Land use Nearest Approximat Distance Dwellings Appro Railway Approxi Waterbodies within Distance Vegetation Archaeologic Distance Presence of Distance of Remarks ID Coordinate Coordinate Elevation Village e Distance of Road within 500 ximate Track mate 1 km of Description al / cultural of wild life Bio reserve/ (within 500 (Easting m (Northing m (amsl) of Village (m) m? distan within distance waterbod based on Significance archaeol sanctuary, National park/ m radius) E) E) (m) ce of 500 m of ies satellite ogical Bio reserve/ Eco-sensitive dwelli railway imagery site/ National park/ Zone ng (m) track cultural Eco-sensitive site Zone in 10 km radius A mix of Chaikulam No agricultural Reserve Chaikulam 210 m W dwellings Seasonal land, shrubs, No forest Agricultural Sangampa Forest is Reserve Forest 87 820926 988542 67 Flat 1854 m SE (Main observed NA No NA waterbodies were not NA bushes and No No land land tti present within approximately 6 Road) within 500 observed other involved the 10 km km E m of WTG vegetation radius on it. A mix of Seasonal Waterbody Vallanadu No agricultural Vallanadu observed upon Blackbuck 676 m SW dwellings land, shrubs, Blackbuck No forest Agricultural Unnamed observation of Sanctuary is 88 813795 969321 34 Flat 542 m SW (Village observed NA No NA 580 m SE bushes and No No Sanctuary land land Village Google Earth present within road) within 500 other approximately 5 involved Imagery dated the 10 km m of WTG vegetation km S 13/2/2016 radius on it. A mix of Vallanadu No agricultural Vallanadu Blackbuck 72 m W dwellings Seasonal land, shrubs, Blackbuck No forest Agricultural Sanctuary is 89 822633 970379 46 Flat Pottalurani 1900 m S (Village observed NA No NA waterbodies were not NA bushes and No No Sanctuary land land present within Road) within 500 observed other approximately 7 involved the 10 km m of WTG vegetation km SW radius on it. A mix of Seasonal Waterbody Vallanadu No agricultural Vallanadu observed upon Blackbuck 460 m E dwellings land, shrubs, Blackbuck No forest Agricultural Kombukka observation of Sanctuary is 90 823644 971106 41 Flat 707 m NE (Village observed NA No NA 220 m N bushes and No No Sanctuary land land ra Natham Google Earth present within Road) within 500 other approximately 9 involved Imagery dated the 10 km m of WTG vegetation km SW 13/2/2016 radius on it. A mix of Seasonal Waterbody No presence No agricultural observed upon of wildlife Chaikulam 615 m E dwellings land, shrubs, No forest Agricultural observation of sanctuary, bio Reserve Forest 91 817323 981163 69 Flat Maniyachi 846 m SE (Main observed NA No NA 720 m SE bushes and No No land land Google Earth reserve/nation approximately Road) within 500 other involved Imagery dated al park/eco- 12-15 km away m of WTG vegetation 13/2/2016 sensitive zone on it. A mix of Chaikulam No agricultural Reserve Chaikulam 110 m W dwellings Seasonal land, shrubs, No forest Agricultural Sangampa Forest is Reserve Forest 92 824062.47 987041.71 54 Flat 1470 m W (Unpaved observed NA No NA waterbodies were not NA bushes and No No land land tti present within approximately 4 Road) within 500 observed other involved the 10 km km E m of WTG vegetation radius on it. A mix of Vallanadu agricultural Vallanadu Blackbuck 460 m N Seasonal land, shrubs, Blackbuck No forest Agricultural 410 m Sanctuary is 93 817074 976427 60 Flat Poovani 410 m N (Village Yes No NA waterbodies were not NA bushes and No No Sanctuary land land N present within Road) observed other approximately involved the 10 km vegetation 10 km S radius on it. A mix of Seasonal Waterbody Vallanadu No agricultural Vallanadu observed upon Blackbuck 283 m N dwellings land, shrubs, Blackbuck No forest Agricultural Singathak observation of 100 m Sanctuary is 94 816234 972543 49 Flat 750 m E (Village observed NA No NA bushes and No No Sanctuary land land uruchi Google Earth SSE present within Road) within 500 other approximately 8 involved Imagery dated the 10 km m of WTG vegetation km S 13/2/2016 radius on it. WTG WTG WTG WTG Topography Land use Nearest Approximat Distance Dwellings Appro Railway Approxi Waterbodies within Distance Vegetation Archaeologic Distance Presence of Distance of Remarks ID Coordinate Coordinate Elevation Village e Distance of Road within 500 ximate Track mate 1 km of Description al / cultural of wild life Bio reserve/ (within 500 (Easting m (Northing m (amsl) of Village (m) m? distan within distance waterbod based on Significance archaeol sanctuary, National park/ m radius) E) E) (m) ce of 500 m of ies satellite ogical Bio reserve/ Eco-sensitive dwelli railway imagery site/ National park/ Zone ng (m) track cultural Eco-sensitive site Zone in 10 km radius A mix of Chaikulam No agricultural Reserve Chaikulam 1040 m W dwellings Seasonal land, shrubs, No forest Agricultural Saravanap Forest is Reserve Forest 95 822948 990022 65 Flat 1700 m NW (Main observed NA No NA waterbodies were not NA bushes and No No land land uram present within approximately 4 Road) within 500 observed other involved the 10 km km E m of WTG vegetation radius on it. A mix of Chaikulam No agricultural Reserve Chaikulam 2630 m W dwellings Seasonal land, shrubs, No forest Agricultural Unnamed Forest is Reserve Forest 96 823812 989559 61 Flat 2600m NW (Village observed NA No NA waterbodies were not NA bushes and No No land land Village present within approximately 4 Road) within 500 observed other involved the 10 km km E m of WTG vegetation radius on it. A mix of Vallanadu No agricultural Vallanadu Blackbuck 1500 m N dwellings Seasonal land, shrubs, Blackbuck No forest Agricultural Singathak Sanctuary is 97 820563 972208 52 Flat 2400 m W (Village observed NA No NA waterbodies were not NA bushes and No No Sanctuary land land uruchi present within Road) within 500 observed other approximately 7 involved the 10 km m of WTG vegetation km S radius on it. A mix of Seasonal Waterbody Chaikulam No agricultural observed upon Reserve Chaikulam 500 m S dwellings land, shrubs, No forest Agricultural observation of 704 m Forest is Reserve Forest 98 824261 985406 49 Flat Muramban 520 m SW (Village observed NA No NA bushes and No No land land Google Earth SW present within approximately 4 Road) within 500 other involved Imagery dated the 10 km km E m of WTG vegetation 13/2/2016 radius on it. A mix of Chaikulam No agricultural Reserve Chaikulam 1458 m S dwellings Seasonal land, shrubs, No forest Agricultural Araikkula Forest is Reserve Forest 99 825749 986207 51 Flat 1500 m NE (Main observed NA No NA waterbodies were not NA bushes and No No land land m present within approximately 3 Road) within 500 observed other involved the 10 km km E m of WTG vegetation radius on it. A mix of Seasonal Waterbody Chaikulam agricultural observed upon Reserve Chaikulam 362 m S land, shrubs, No forest Agricultural 365 m observation of Forest is Reserve Forest 100 829009 984773 50 Flat Osanoothu 831 m SW (Main Yes No NA 430 m SE bushes and No No land land SE Google Earth present within approximately 3 Road) other involved Imagery dated the 10 km km N vegetation 13/2/2016 radius on it. A mix of Seasonal Waterbody Chaikulam No agricultural observed upon Reserve Chaikulam dwellings land, shrubs, No forest Agricultural Sangampa observation of Forest is Reserve Forest 101 823140 986967 55 Flat 590 m W 620 m SW observed NA No NA 225 m S bushes and No No land land tti Google Earth present within approximately within 500 other involved Imagery dated the 10 km 4.3 km away m of WTG vegetation 13/2/2016 radius on it. A mix of Chaikulam No agricultural Reserve Chaikulam 634 m NW dwellings Seasonal land, shrubs, No forest Agricultural Maharajap Forest is Reserve Forest 102 820320 982434 54 Flat 588 m N (Village observed NA No NA waterbodies were not NA bushes and No No land land uram present within approximately 9 Road) within 500 observed other involved the 10 km km NE m of WTG vegetation radius on it. WTG WTG WTG WTG Topography Land use Nearest Approximat Distance Dwellings Appro Railway Approxi Waterbodies within Distance Vegetation Archaeologic Distance Presence of Distance of Remarks ID Coordinate Coordinate Elevation Village e Distance of Road within 500 ximate Track mate 1 km of Description al / cultural of wild life Bio reserve/ (within 500 (Easting m (Northing m (amsl) of Village (m) m? distan within distance waterbod based on Significance archaeol sanctuary, National park/ m radius) E) E) (m) ce of 500 m of ies satellite ogical Bio reserve/ Eco-sensitive dwelli railway imagery site/ National park/ Zone ng (m) track cultural Eco-sensitive site Zone in 10 km radius A mix of Chaikulam No agricultural Reserve Chaikulam 1020 m S dwellings Seasonal land, shrubs, No forest Agricultural Unnamed Forest is Reserve Forest 103 824587 989178 60 Flat 1900 m E (Village observed NA No NA waterbodies were not NA bushes and No No land land Village present within approximately 3 Road) within 500 observed other involved the 10 km km E m of WTG vegetation radius on it. A mix of Chaikulam No agricultural Reserve Chaikulam 1088 m S dwellings Seasonal land, shrubs, No forest Agricultural Forest is Reserve Forest 104 824619 986013 52 Flat Muramban 1400 m SW (Village observed NA No NA waterbodies were not NA bushes and No No land land present within approximately 4 Road) within 500 observed other involved the 10 km km E m of WTG vegetation radius on it. A mix of Seasonal Waterbody Vallanadu agricultural Vallanadu observed upon Blackbuck 574 m S land, shrubs, Blackbuck No forest Agricultural Unnamed 465 m observation of Sanctuary is 105 814653 968938 35 Flat 465 m S (Village Yes No NA 85 m S bushes and No No Sanctuary land land Village S Google Earth present within Road) other approximately 3 involved Imagery dated the 10 km vegetation km S 1/5/2016 radius on it. A mix of Seasonal Waterbody Vallanadu No agricultural Vallanadu observed upon Blackbuck 107 m E dwellings land, shrubs, Blackbuck No forest Agricultural observation of Sanctuary is 106 814218 972857 40 Flat Ulakkudi 2000 m S (Village observed NA No NA 430 m S bushes and No No Sanctuary land land Google Earth present within Road) within 500 other approximately 7 involved Imagery dated the 10 km m of WTG vegetation km S 1/5/2016 radius on it. A mix of Vallanadu No agricultural Vallanadu Blackbuck 400 m S dwellings Seasonal land, shrubs, Blackbuck No forest Agricultural Unnamed Sanctuary is 107 812880 969210 28 Flat 570 m SE (Village observed NA No NA waterbodies were not NA bushes and No No Sanctuary land land Village present within Road) within 500 observed other approximately 5 involved the 10 km m of WTG vegetation km S radius on it. A mix of No presence No agricultural 1500 m of wildlife Chaikulam dwellings Seasonal land, shrubs, No forest Agricultural Keelapoov SW sanctuary, bio Reserve Forest 108 821499 977083 53 Flat 3000 m W observed NA No NA waterbodies were not NA bushes and No No land land ani (Village reserve/nation approximately within 500 observed other involved Road) al park/eco- 12-15 km away m of WTG vegetation sensitive zone on it. A mix of Gangaikondon agricultural Gangaikondon Wildlife 331 m S Seasonal land, shrubs, Yes, Wildlife No forest Agricultural Naraikinar 475 m Sanctuary is 109 811941 980413 44 Flat 475 m SW (Village Yes No NA waterbodies were not NA bushes and Pottalmaden 270 m E Sanctuary land land Pudur SW present within Road) observed other Temple approximately 8 involved the 10 km vegetation km W radius on it. A mix of Chaikulam No agricultural Reserve Chaikulam 620 m W dwellings Seasonal land, shrubs, No forest Agricultural Sangampa Forest is Reserve Forest 110 821667 988944 67 Flat 1662 m S (Village observed NA No NA waterbodies were not NA bushes and No No land land tti present within approximately 6 Road) within 500 observed other involved the 10 km km E m of WTG vegetation radius on it. WTG WTG WTG WTG Topography Land use Nearest Approximat Distance Dwellings Appro Railway Approxi Waterbodies within Distance Vegetation Archaeologic Distance Presence of Distance of Remarks ID Coordinate Coordinate Elevation Village e Distance of Road within 500 ximate Track mate 1 km of Description al / cultural of wild life Bio reserve/ (within 500 (Easting m (Northing m (amsl) of Village (m) m? distan within distance waterbod based on Significance archaeol sanctuary, National park/ m radius) E) E) (m) ce of 500 m of ies satellite ogical Bio reserve/ Eco-sensitive dwelli railway imagery site/ National park/ Zone ng (m) track cultural Eco-sensitive site Zone in 10 km radius A mix of No presence agricultural of wildlife Chaikulam 283 m E Seasonal land, shrubs, No forest Agricultural Unnamed 450 m sanctuary, bio Reserve Forest 111 828221 975342 30 Flat 450 m S (Main Yes No NA waterbodies were not NA bushes and No No land land Village S reserve/nation approximately Road) observed other involved al park/eco- 10-12 km away vegetation sensitive zone on it. A mix of Chaikulam No agricultural Reserve Chaikulam 1600 m E dwellings Seasonal land, shrubs, No forest Agricultural Unnamed Forest is Reserve Forest 112 825311 987815 57 Flat 1400 m E (Village observed NA No NA waterbodies were not NA bushes and No No land land Village present within approximately 2 Road) within 500 observed other involved the 10 km km E m of WTG vegetation radius on it. A mix of Chaikulam No agricultural Reserve Chaikulam Venkatesh 1400 m S dwellings Seasonal land, shrubs, No forest Agricultural Forest is Reserve Forest 113 823965 988608 61 Flat warapura 2500 m E (Village observed NA No NA waterbodies were not NA bushes and No No land land present within approximately 4 m Road) within 500 observed other involved the 10 km km E m of WTG vegetation radius on it. A mix of Seasonal Stream Chaikulam No agricultural observed upon Reserve Chaikulam 594 m S dwellings land, shrubs, No forest Agricultural Savariman observation of Forest is Reserve Forest 114 827691 979480 33 Flat 540 m S (Village observed NA No NA 73 m E bushes and No No land land galam Google Earth present within approximately 8 Road) within 500 other involved Imagery dated the 10 km km N m of WTG vegetation 1/5/2016 radius on it. A mix of Seasonal Stream Chaikulam No agricultural 1200 m observed upon Reserve Chaikulam dwellings land, shrubs, No forest Agricultural NE observation of Forest is Reserve Forest 115 825672 981200 37 Flat Kompady 1270 m N observed NA No NA 510 m E bushes and No No land land (Village Google Earth present within approximately 7 within 500 other involved Road) Imagery dated the 10 km km N m of WTG vegetation 1/5/2016 radius on it. A mix of Chaikulam No agricultural Reserve Chaikulam 409 m N dwellings Seasonal land, shrubs, No forest Agricultural Sillankula Forest is Reserve Forest 116 823304 991411 67 Flat 770 m NE (Village observed NA No NA waterbodies were not NA bushes and No No land land m present within approximately 5 Road) within 500 observed other involved the 10 km km E m of WTG vegetation radius on it. A mix of Chaikulam No agricultural Reserve Chaikulam Venkatesh 2600 m E dwellings Seasonal land, shrubs, No forest Agricultural Forest is Reserve Forest 117 823784 989129 60 Flat warapura 2300 m S (Village observed NA No NA waterbodies were not NA bushes and No No land land present within approximately 4 m Road) within 500 observed other involved the 10 km km E m of WTG vegetation radius on it. A mix of Chaikulam No agricultural Reserve Chaikulam Venkatesh 1900 m S dwellings Seasonal land, shrubs, No forest Agricultural Forest is Reserve Forest 118 823093 989556 63 Flat warapura 2050 m NW (Village observed NA No NA waterbodies were not NA bushes and No No land land present within approximately 6 m Road) within 500 observed other involved the 10 km km E m of WTG vegetation radius on it. WTG WTG WTG WTG Topography Land use Nearest Approximat Distance Dwellings Appro Railway Approxi Waterbodies within Distance Vegetation Archaeologic Distance Presence of Distance of Remarks ID Coordinate Coordinate Elevation Village e Distance of Road within 500 ximate Track mate 1 km of Description al / cultural of wild life Bio reserve/ (within 500 (Easting m (Northing m (amsl) of Village (m) m? distan within distance waterbod based on Significance archaeol sanctuary, National park/ m radius) E) E) (m) ce of 500 m of ies satellite ogical Bio reserve/ Eco-sensitive dwelli railway imagery site/ National park/ Zone ng (m) track cultural Eco-sensitive site Zone in 10 km radius A mix of Chaikulam No agricultural Reserve Chaikulam 142 m W dwellings Seasonal land, shrubs, No forest Agricultural Saravanap Forest is Reserve Forest 119 821366 990185 70 Flat 570 m N (Village observed NA No NA waterbodies were not NA bushes and No No land land uram present within approximately 6 Road) within 500 observed other involved the 10 km km E m of WTG vegetation radius on it. A mix of Chaikulam No agricultural Reserve Chaikulam 94 m W dwellings Seasonal land, shrubs, No forest Agricultural Sangampa Forest is Reserve Forest 120 824321.76 987517.75 57 Flat 1480 m W (Village observed NA No NA waterbodies were not NA bushes and No No land land tti present within approximately 4 Road) within 500 observed other involved the 10 km km E m of WTG vegetation radius on it. A mix of Chaikulam No agricultural Reserve Chaikulam 740 Mn dwellings Seasonal land, shrubs, No forest Agricultural Ettaiyapur Forest is Reserve Forest 121 171754 997179 47 Flat 510 m S (Main observed NA No NA waterbodies were not NA bushes and No No land land am present within approximately 7 Road) within 500 observed other involved the 10 km km S m of WTG vegetation radius on it. A mix of No presence agricultural of wildlife Chaikulam 460 m N Seasonal land, shrubs, No forest Agricultural Achankula 432 m sanctuary, bio Reserve Forest 122 823786 1002270 58 Flat 510 m N (Village Yes No NA waterbodies were not NA bushes and No No land land m N reserve/nation approximately Road) observed other involved al park/eco- 12 km South vegetation sensitive zone on it. A mix of Chaikulam No agricultural Reserve Chaikulam 90 m N dwellings Seasonal land, shrubs, No forest Agricultural Saravanap Forest is Reserve Forest 123 822048 991349 70 Flat 640 m SW (Main observed NA No NA waterbodies were not NA bushes and No No land land uram present within approximately 6 Road) within 500 observed other involved the 10 km km E m of WTG vegetation radius on it. A mix of Chaikulam No agricultural Reserve Chaikulam 1000 m W dwellings Seasonal land, shrubs, No forest Agricultural Saravanap Forest is Reserve Forest 124 822269 990337 67 Flat 955m NW (Village observed NA No NA waterbodies were not NA bushes and No No land land uram present within approximately 5 Rood) within 500 observed other involved the 10 km km E m of WTG vegetation radius on it. A mix of Chaikulam No agricultural 1034 m Reserve Chaikulam dwellings Seasonal land, shrubs, No forest Agricultural Saravanap NW Forest is Reserve Forest 125 822197 989905 67 Flat 1166 m NW observed NA No NA waterbodies were not NA bushes and No No land land uram (Village present within approximately 5 within 500 observed other involved Road) the 10 km km E m of WTG vegetation radius on it. A mix of An Chaikulam agricultural industrial Reserve Chaikulam 680 m E Seasonal land, shrubs, No forest Agricultural Eppodumv location 300 m Forest is Reserve Forest 126 173850 996964 47 Flat 1880 m NE (Village No NA waterbodies were not NA bushes and No No land land eenran observed E present within approximately 7 Road) observed other involved within 500 the 10 km km S vegetation m radius on it. APPENDIX B PHOTO-DOCUMENTATION OF WTG PROFILING www.erm.com Version: 0.2 Project No.: 0441037 Client: Vivid Solaire Energy Private Limited (ENGIE Group) 23 March 2020 WTG-20 WTG-28 WTG-30 WTG-39 WTG-44 WTG-47 WTG-49 WTG-55 WTG-66 WTG-68 WTG-69 WTG-72 WTG-77 WTG-85 WTG-93 WTG-100 WTG-105 WTG-111 WTG-114 WTG-122 APPENDIX C RESULTS OF SHADOW FLICKER ANALYSIS www.erm.com Version: 0.2 Project No.: 0441037 Client: Vivid Solaire Energy Private Limited (ENGIE Group) 23 March 2020 Project: Licensed user: Engie_TN ERM I ndia Private Limited Building 10, 4th Floor, Tower A, DLF Cyber City IN-122002 Gurgaon + 91 124 4170300 Naval Chaudhary / [email protected] Calculated: 25-03-2019 15:46/3.2.732 BASI S - Project data overview Calculation: Basis- Project Data Overview Country: India Maps Name Format Path OnlineMap_30_38.00_0 Bitmap map C:\Users\Naval.Chaudhary\Documents\WindPRO Data\Projects\Engie_TN\OnlineMap_30_38.00_0.BMI Basemap Bitmap map C:\Users\Naval.Chaudhary\Documents\WindPRO Data\Projects\Engie_TN\Maps\Basemap.bmi Site center: UTM (north)-WGS84 Zone: 43 East: 825,274 North: 984,916 WTGs UTM (north)-WGS84 Zone: 43 WTG type Easting Northing Z Row data/Description Valid Manufact. Type-generator Power, Rotor Hub rated diameter height [m] [kW] [m] [m] 001 825,451 980,664 39.0 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (T...New Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 002 817,792 974,713 64.0 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (T...New Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 003 820,107 974,503 56.8 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (T...New Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 004 826,493 981,369 35.9 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (T...New Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 005 826,572 980,537 35.0 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (T...New Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 006 826,600 979,679 34.0 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (T...New Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 007 825,438 976,983 38.1 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (T...New Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 008 819,671 975,197 58.0 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (T...New Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 010 821,390 974,832 48.4 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (T...New Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 011 818,669 974,219 58.5 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (T...New Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 012 817,910 980,365 65.8 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (T...New Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 013 819,417 974,260 56.9 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (T...New Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 014 825,607 980,069 38.4 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (T...New Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 015 819,890 972,046 55.2 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (T...New Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 015 829,747 974,389 22.6 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (T...New Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 016 821,234 977,954 56.0 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (T...New Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 017 811,812 970,626 28.6 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (T...New Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 018 816,810 970,431 48.0 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (T...New Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 019 820,154 971,331 53.6 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (T...New Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 020 816,849 973,665 56.6 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (T...New Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 021 829,886 978,721 30.2 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (T...New Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 022 822,424 980,182 51.0 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (T...New Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 023 824,338 980,393 42.7 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (T...New Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 024 824,644 979,814 44.7 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (T...New Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 025 823,102 975,402 47.6 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (T...New Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 026 825,688 979,507 39.5 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (T...New Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 027 815,254 972,761 44.3 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (T...New Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 028 818,116 976,471 65.2 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (T...New Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 029 821,228 978,398 56.0 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (T...New Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 030 814,424 976,948 44.4 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (T...New Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 031 820,275 975,828 55.4 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (T...New Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 032 824,921 975,010 33.4 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (T...New Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 033 818,755 974,945 57.7 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (T...New Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 034 820,543 974,990 52.6 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (T...New Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 035 821,363 977,589 55.6 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (T...New Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 036 824,630 977,524 44.1 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (T...New Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 037 825,151 969,882 40.3 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (T...New Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 038 819,514 973,820 55.5 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (T...New Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 039 815,677 968,504 40.8 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (T...New Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 040 820,730 974,122 49.8 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (T...New Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 041 814,323 967,335 31.8 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (T...New Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 042 824,207 969,637 42.4 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (T...New Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 043 816,968 969,500 46.6 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (T...New Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 044 818,346 972,147 53.3 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (T...New Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 045 828,529 979,428 31.9 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (T...New Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 046 814,470 969,827 40.8 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (T...New Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 047 815,622 971,550 42.2 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (T...New Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 048 825,986 973,118 33.4 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (T...New Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 049 814,794 974,768 48.9 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (T...New Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 050 816,230 969,080 47.2 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (T...New Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 051 815,467 972,277 43.7 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (T...New Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 052 823,163 969,281 43.8 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (T...New Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 053 827,976 994,047 70.7 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (T...New Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 054 823,059 988,894 60.9 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (T...New Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 055 820,960 975,541 51.2 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (T...New Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 To be continued on next page... windPRO 3.2.732 by EMD International A/S, Tel. + 45 96 35 44 44, www.emd.dk, [email protected] 25-03-2019 15:47 / 1 windPRO Project: Licensed user: Engie_TN ERM I ndia Private Limited Building 10, 4th Floor, Tower A, DLF Cyber City IN-122002 Gurgaon + 91 124 4170300 Naval Chaudhary / [email protected] Calculated: 25-03-2019 15:46/3.2.732 BASI S - Project data overview Calculation: Basis- Project Data Overview ...continued from previous page UTM (north)-WGS84 Zone: 43 WTG type Easting Northing Z Row data/Description Valid Manufact. Type-generator Power, Rotor Hub rated diameter height [m] [kW] [m] [m] 056 825,204 972,118 36.0 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (T...New Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 057 824,189 972,430 34.3 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (T...New Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 058 822,401 969,077 49.2 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (T...New Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 059 821,508 969,034 51.3 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (T...New Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 060 818,003 970,175 58.5 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (T...New Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 061 821,418 968,402 51.1 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (T...New Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 062 820,900 969,673 54.6 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (T...New Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 063 811,997 976,967 37.0 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (T...New Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 064 821,376 967,802 50.1 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (T...New Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 065 823,643 975,789 45.5 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (T...New Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 066 815,106 967,824 34.9 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (T...New Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 067 820,572 968,448 55.6 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (T...New Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 068 823,127 974,628 45.3 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (T...New Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 069 825,567 983,019 42.0 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (T...New Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 070 815,020 973,474 45.0 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (T...New Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 071 821,156 972,808 48.1 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (T...New Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 072 817,110 972,155 55.0 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (T...New Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 073 818,771 984,459 62.7 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (T...New Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 074 814,540 969,382 37.0 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (T...New Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 075 812,716 968,636 25.0 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (T...New Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 076 813,296 968,050 26.1 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (T...New Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 077 815,239 966,898 36.6 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (T...New Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 078 816,331 973,091 53.9 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (T...New Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 079 813,829 973,756 37.9 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (T...New Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 080 815,424 970,381 43.4 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (T...New Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 081 814,649 974,338 42.9 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (T...New Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 082 819,481 986,961 63.1 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (T...New Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 083 816,787 974,135 54.0 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (T...New Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 084 816,607 974,683 58.8 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (T...New Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 085 820,021 983,017 60.8 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (T...New Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 086 821,359 983,082 54.2 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (T...New Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 087 820,926 988,542 66.0 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (T...New Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 088 813,795 969,321 35.9 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (T...New Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 089 822,633 970,379 45.1 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (T...New Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 090 823,644 971,106 39.8 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (T...New Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 091 817,323 981,163 68.8 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (T...New Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 092 824,062 987,041 53.7 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (T...New Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 093 817,074 976,427 60.0 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (T...New Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 094 816,234 972,543 49.0 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (T...New Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 095 822,948 990,022 64.3 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (T...New Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 096 823,812 989,559 61.0 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (T...New Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 097 820,563 972,208 53.2 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (T...New Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 098 824,261 985,406 48.4 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (T...New Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 099 825,749 986,207 51.0 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (T...New Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 100 829,009 984,773 49.4 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (T...New Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 101 823,140 986,967 55.4 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (T...New Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 102 820,320 982,434 59.6 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (T...New Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 103 824,587 989,178 59.8 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (T...New Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 104 824,619 986,013 53.0 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (T...New Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 105 814,653 968,938 33.2 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (T...New Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 106 814,218 972,857 40.3 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (T...New Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 107 812,880 969,210 27.4 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (T...New Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 108 821,499 977,083 52.6 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (T...New Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 109 811,941 980,413 43.1 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (T...New Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 110 821,667 988,944 67.0 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (T...New Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 111 828,221 975,342 32.9 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (T...New Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 112 825,311 987,815 58.4 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (T...New Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 113 823,965 988,608 60.8 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (T...New Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 114 827,691 979,480 34.0 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (T...New Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 115 825,672 981,200 36.2 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (T...New Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 116 823,304 991,411 67.4 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (T...New Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 117 823,784 989,129 60.7 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (T...New Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 118 823,093 989,556 62.4 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (T...New Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 119 821,366 990,185 70.4 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (T...New Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 To be continued on next page... windPRO 3.2.732 by EMD International A/S, Tel. + 45 96 35 44 44, www.emd.dk, [email protected] 25-03-2019 15:47 / 2 windPRO Project: Licensed user: Engie_TN ERM I ndia Private Limited Building 10, 4th Floor, Tower A, DLF Cyber City IN-122002 Gurgaon + 91 124 4170300 Naval Chaudhary / [email protected] Calculated: 25-03-2019 15:46/3.2.732 BASI S - Project data overview Calculation: Basis- Project Data Overview ...continued from previous page UTM (north)-WGS84 Zone: 43 WTG type Easting Northing Z Row data/Description Valid Manufact. Type-generator Power, Rotor Hub rated diameter height [m] [kW] [m] [m] 120 824,321 987,517 56.6 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (T...New Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 121 831,510 997,206 48.1 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (T...New Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 122 823,786 1,002,270 56.1 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (T...New Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 123 822,048 991,349 70.9 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (T...New Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 124 822,269 990,337 68.0 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (T...New Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 125 822,197 989,905 65.0 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (T...New Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 126 833,610 997,025 44.3 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (T...New Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 Shadow receptor UTM (north)-WGS84 Zone: 43 Easting Northing Z Object name Orientation Length Height Height Angle a.g.l. [m] [°] [m] [m] [m] [°] A 816,390 978,997 60.4 48.4 1.0 1.0 1.0 90.0 B 818,376 980,911 68.3 149.6 1.0 1.0 1.0 90.0 C 818,265 976,943 61.3 199.8 1.0 1.0 1.0 90.0 D 817,900 976,831 63.1 158.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 90.0 E 818,214 977,481 65.7 180.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 90.0 F 813,592 976,221 43.6 51.9 1.0 1.0 1.0 90.0 G 817,239 972,803 54.7 197.4 1.0 1.0 1.0 90.0 H 815,832 974,123 54.1 72.5 1.0 1.0 1.0 90.0 I 826,276 975,377 36.0 249.7 1.0 1.0 1.0 90.0 J 824,709 978,460 45.6 180.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 90.0 K 818,253 969,314 56.6 -15.9 1.0 1.0 1.0 90.0 L 817,928 971,282 56.9 29.4 1.0 1.0 1.0 90.0 M 823,143 980,130 50.2 494.6 1.0 1.0 1.0 90.0 N 823,251 974,061 44.0 -11.4 1.0 1.0 1.0 90.0 O 821,799 980,449 55.1 123.2 1.0 1.0 1.0 90.0 P 829,139 979,387 35.9 144.2 1.0 1.0 1.0 90.0 Q 827,818 978,888 33.2 -12.2 1.0 1.0 1.0 90.0 R 829,092 976,613 29.0 160.7 1.0 1.0 1.0 90.0 S 828,181 974,809 29.0 126.7 1.0 1.0 1.0 90.0 T 827,182 973,846 31.0 145.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 90.0 U 824,831 973,745 37.0 133.7 1.0 1.0 1.0 90.0 V 810,881 970,061 33.5 61.8 1.0 1.0 1.0 90.0 W 813,511 970,910 36.6 180.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 90.0 X 814,753 977,459 50.7 227.5 1.0 1.0 1.0 90.0 Y 816,968 977,066 61.0 160.4 1.0 1.0 1.0 90.0 Z 824,143 971,649 41.0 218.9 1.0 1.0 1.0 90.0 AA 823,221 968,259 47.0 -4.8 1.0 1.0 1.0 90.0 AB 821,204 967,152 54.5 14.2 1.0 1.0 1.0 90.0 AC 821,571 966,729 51.8 -0.2 1.0 1.0 1.0 90.0 AD 813,141 977,160 45.5 105.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 90.0 AE 813,952 977,620 47.0 148.2 1.0 1.0 1.0 90.0 AF 820,469 983,072 60.2 262.2 1.0 1.0 1.0 90.0 AG 818,892 985,554 64.5 180.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 90.0 AH 823,307 985,057 51.5 65.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 90.0 AI 828,477 980,881 37.1 180.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 90.0 AJ 825,937 982,544 41.4 -35.7 1.0 1.0 1.0 90.0 AK 824,834 983,115 44.0 114.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 90.0 AL 828,140 984,299 47.0 54.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 90.0 AM 827,675 985,163 51.4 110.2 1.0 1.0 1.0 90.0 AN 827,229 986,986 60.9 230.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 90.0 AO 822,409 987,173 60.5 116.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 90.0 AP 821,334 990,899 75.1 180.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 90.0 AQ 824,117 991,813 65.5 247.3 1.0 1.0 1.0 90.0 AR 825,169 991,494 64.1 262.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 90.0 AS 817,102 987,001 68.6 92.6 1.0 1.0 1.0 90.0 AT 825,842 975,578 32.7 230.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 90.0 AU 817,573 974,090 61.6 26.8 1.0 1.0 1.0 90.0 AV 818,067 972,907 56.2 170.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 90.0 AW 814,377 968,078 35.4 180.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 90.0 AX 813,937 976,692 44.3 58.8 1.0 1.0 1.0 90.0 To be continued on next page... windPRO 3.2.732 by EMD International A/S, Tel. + 45 96 35 44 44, www.emd.dk, [email protected] 25-03-2019 15:47 / 3 windPRO Project: Licensed user: Engie_TN ERM I ndia Private Limited Building 10, 4th Floor, Tower A, DLF Cyber City IN-122002 Gurgaon + 91 124 4170300 Naval Chaudhary / [email protected] Calculated: 25-03-2019 15:46/3.2.732 BASI S - Project data overview Calculation: Basis- Project Data Overview ...continued from previous page UTM (north)-WGS84 Zone: 43 Easting Northing Z Object name Orientation Length Height Height Angle a.g.l. [m] [°] [m] [m] [m] [°] AY 813,701 967,257 31.8 88.4 1.0 1.0 1.0 90.0 AZ 814,742 968,398 37.6 -12.6 1.0 1.0 1.0 90.0 BA 815,723 966,672 43.0 -64.9 1.0 1.0 1.0 90.0 BB 816,395 967,509 45.0 -77.6 1.0 1.0 1.0 90.0 BC 816,780 967,879 49.0 -60.8 1.0 1.0 1.0 90.0 BD 813,348 968,788 29.2 236.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 90.0 BE 811,331 969,015 31.2 109.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 90.0 BF 811,139 969,303 28.0 91.3 1.0 1.0 1.0 90.0 BG 812,818 974,893 41.3 140.4 1.0 1.0 1.0 90.0 BH 814,314 975,727 48.6 163.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 90.0 BI 824,722 972,168 38.7 97.5 1.0 1.0 1.0 90.0 BJ 815,435 967,349 40.0 -48.2 1.0 1.0 1.0 90.0 BK 825,813 973,395 32.4 150.9 1.0 1.0 1.0 90.0 BL 820,050 975,525 58.1 29.8 1.0 1.0 1.0 90.0 BM 828,916 979,011 31.5 146.6 1.0 1.0 1.0 90.0 BN 824,712 973,083 36.6 222.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 90.0 BO 817,976 983,122 68.0 96.2 1.0 1.0 1.0 90.0 BP 815,743 968,892 42.5 180.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 90.0 BQ 813,237 967,795 27.0 11.6 1.0 1.0 1.0 90.0 BR 814,941 972,820 41.9 100.9 1.0 1.0 1.0 90.0 BS 816,842 971,571 52.3 26.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 90.0 BT 817,524 971,898 55.7 -58.5 1.0 1.0 1.0 90.0 BU 825,304 970,462 35.3 201.6 1.0 1.0 1.0 90.0 BV 825,064 971,430 35.7 10.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 90.0 BW 824,594 988,877 57.0 -2.2 1.0 1.0 1.0 90.0 BX 818,069 976,815 62.6 180.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 90.0 Elevation grid UTM (north)-WGS84 Zone: 43 Easting Northing Z File [m] A 825,179 984,975 0.0 C:\Users\Naval.Chaudhary\Documents\WindPRO Data\Projects\Engie_TN\Engie_TN_EMDGrid_0.wpg windPRO 3.2.732 by EMD International A/S, Tel. + 45 96 35 44 44, www.emd.dk, [email protected] 25-03-2019 15:47 / 4 windPRO Project: Licensed user: Engie_TN ERM I ndia Private Limited Building 10, 4th Floor, Tower A, DLF Cyber City IN-122002 Gurgaon + 91 124 4170300 Naval Chaudhary / [email protected] Calculated: 25-03-2019 15:46/3.2.732 BASI S - WTG distances Calculation: Basis- Project Data Overview WTG distances Z Nearest WTG Z Horizontal Distance in distance rotor diameters [m] [m] [m] 001 39.0 115 36.2 580 4.8 002 64.0 033 57.7 991 8.3 003 56.8 034 52.6 654 5.4 004 35.9 005 35.0 836 7.0 005 35.0 004 35.9 836 7.0 006 34.0 005 35.0 858 7.2 007 38.1 036 44.1 972 8.1 008 58.0 003 56.8 820 6.8 010 48.4 055 51.2 829 6.9 011 58.5 033 57.7 731 6.1 012 65.8 091 68.8 991 8.3 013 56.9 038 55.5 451 3.8 014 38.4 026 39.5 568 4.7 015 55.2 097 53.2 692 5.8 015 22.6 111 32.9 1,799 15.0 016 56.0 035 55.6 387 3.2 017 28.6 107 27.4 1,774 14.8 018 48.0 043 46.6 944 7.9 019 53.6 015 55.2 762 6.4 020 56.6 083 54.0 474 4.0 021 30.2 045 31.9 1,530 12.8 022 51.0 023 42.7 1,926 16.0 023 42.7 024 44.7 655 5.5 024 44.7 023 42.7 655 5.5 025 47.6 065 45.5 665 5.5 026 39.5 014 38.4 568 4.7 027 44.3 051 43.7 529 4.4 028 65.2 093 60.0 1,043 8.7 029 56.0 016 56.0 444 3.7 030 44.4 049 48.9 2,211 18.4 031 55.4 055 51.2 743 6.2 032 33.4 065 45.5 1,497 12.5 033 57.7 011 58.5 731 6.1 034 52.6 003 56.8 654 5.4 035 55.6 016 56.0 387 3.2 036 44.1 007 38.1 972 8.1 037 40.3 042 42.4 975 8.1 038 55.5 013 56.9 451 3.8 039 40.8 050 47.2 798 6.7 040 49.8 003 56.8 730 6.1 041 31.8 066 34.9 923 7.7 042 42.4 037 40.3 975 8.1 043 46.6 050 47.2 849 7.1 044 53.3 072 55.0 1,236 10.3 045 31.9 114 34.0 840 7.0 046 40.8 074 37.0 450 3.8 047 42.2 051 43.7 743 6.2 048 33.4 056 36.0 1,269 10.6 049 48.9 081 42.9 454 3.8 050 47.2 039 40.8 798 6.7 051 43.7 027 44.3 529 4.4 052 43.8 058 49.2 789 6.6 053 70.7 121 48.1 4,740 39.5 054 60.9 118 62.4 663 5.5 055 51.2 034 52.6 691 5.8 056 36.0 057 34.3 1,062 8.8 057 34.3 056 36.0 1,062 8.8 058 49.2 052 43.8 789 6.6 059 51.3 061 51.1 638 5.3 060 58.5 018 48.0 1,220 10.2 061 51.1 064 50.1 601 5.0 062 54.6 059 51.3 882 7.4 063 37.0 030 44.4 2,427 20.2 064 50.1 061 51.1 601 5.0 To be continued on next page... windPRO 3.2.732 by EMD International A/S, Tel. + 45 96 35 44 44, www.emd.dk, [email protected] 25-03-2019 15:49 / 1 windPRO Project: Licensed user: Engie_TN ERM I ndia Private Limited Building 10, 4th Floor, Tower A, DLF Cyber City IN-122002 Gurgaon + 91 124 4170300 Naval Chaudhary / [email protected] Calculated: 25-03-2019 15:46/3.2.732 BASI S - WTG distances Calculation: Basis- Project Data Overview ...continued from previous page Z Nearest WTG Z Horizontal Distance in distance rotor diameters [m] [m] [m] 065 45.5 025 47.6 665 5.5 066 34.9 039 40.8 888 7.4 067 55.6 061 51.1 847 7.1 068 45.3 025 47.6 774 6.5 069 42.0 115 36.2 1,822 15.2 070 45.0 027 44.3 750 6.3 071 48.1 097 53.2 844 7.0 072 55.0 094 49.0 958 8.0 073 62.7 085 60.8 1,908 15.9 074 37.0 046 40.8 450 3.8 075 25.0 107 27.4 597 5.0 076 26.1 075 25.0 824 6.9 077 36.6 066 34.9 936 7.8 078 53.9 094 49.0 557 4.6 079 37.9 106 40.3 980 8.2 080 43.4 046 40.8 1,103 9.2 081 42.9 049 48.9 454 3.8 082 63.1 087 66.0 2,142 17.8 083 54.0 020 56.6 474 4.0 084 58.8 083 54.0 577 4.8 085 60.8 102 59.6 655 5.5 086 54.2 102 59.6 1,225 10.2 087 66.0 110 67.0 843 7.0 088 35.9 074 37.0 747 6.2 089 45.1 052 43.8 1,219 10.2 090 39.8 089 45.1 1,245 10.4 091 68.8 012 65.8 991 8.3 092 53.7 120 56.6 542 4.5 093 60.0 028 65.2 1,043 8.7 094 49.0 078 53.9 557 4.6 095 64.3 118 62.4 488 4.1 096 61.0 117 60.7 431 3.6 097 53.2 015 55.2 692 5.8 098 48.4 104 53.0 705 5.9 099 51.0 104 53.0 1,147 9.6 100 49.4 099 51.0 3,561 29.7 101 55.4 092 53.7 925 7.7 102 59.6 085 60.8 655 5.5 103 59.8 117 60.7 804 6.7 104 53.0 098 48.4 705 5.9 105 33.2 074 37.0 458 3.8 106 40.3 079 37.9 980 8.2 107 27.4 075 25.0 597 5.0 108 52.6 035 55.6 524 4.4 109 43.1 063 37.0 3,446 28.7 110 67.0 087 66.0 843 7.0 111 32.9 015 22.6 1,799 15.0 112 58.4 120 56.6 1,034 8.6 113 60.8 117 60.7 552 4.6 114 34.0 045 31.9 840 7.0 115 36.2 001 39.0 580 4.8 116 67.4 123 70.9 1,258 10.5 117 60.7 096 61.0 431 3.6 118 62.4 095 64.3 488 4.1 119 70.4 125 65.0 877 7.3 120 56.6 092 53.7 542 4.5 121 48.1 126 44.3 2,107 17.6 122 56.1 053 70.7 9,229 76.9 123 70.9 124 68.0 1,036 8.6 124 68.0 125 65.0 438 3.6 125 65.0 124 68.0 438 3.6 126 44.3 121 48.1 2,107 17.6 Min22.6 22.6 387 3.2 Max70.9 70.9 9,229 76.9 windPRO 3.2.732 by EMD International A/S, Tel. + 45 96 35 44 44, www.emd.dk, [email protected] 25-03-2019 15:49 / 2 windPRO Project: Licensed user: Engie_TN ERM I ndia Private Limited Building 10, 4th Floor, Tower A, DLF Cyber City IN-122002 Gurgaon + 91 124 4170300 Naval Chaudhary / [email protected] Calculated: 25-03-2019 15:46/3.2.732 BASI S - Map Calculation: Basis- Project Data Overview 0 2.5 5 7.5 10 km Map: Basemap , Print scale 1:120,000, Map center UTM (north)-WGS84 Zone: 43 East: 822,245 North: 984,471 New WTG Shadow receptor windPRO 3.2.732 by EMD International A/S, Tel. + 45 96 35 44 44, www.emd.dk, [email protected] 25-03-2019 15:52 / 1 windPRO Project: Licensed user: Engie_TN ERM I ndia Private Limited Building 10, 4th Floor, Tower A, DLF Cyber City IN-122002 Gurgaon + 91 124 4170300 Naval Chaudhary / [email protected] Calculated: 26-03-2019 08:15/3.2.732 SHADOW - Main Result Calculation: Shadow Flicher Assumptions for shadow calculations Maximum distance for influence Calculate only when more than 20 % of sun is covered by the blade Please look in WTG table Minimum sun height over horizon for influence 3 ° Day step for calculation 1 days Time step for calculation 1 minutes Sunshine probability S (Average daily sunshine hours) [TRIVANDRUM] Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec 8.59 8.78 8.24 7.16 6.14 4.43 4.65 5.39 6.12 5.51 5.54 6.90 Operational time N NNE ENE E ESE SSE S SSW WSW W WNW NNW Sum 145 93 318 1,452 1,106 156 110 76 1,003 2,248 346 156 7,209 A ZVI (Zones of Visual Influence) calculation is performed before flicker calculation so non visible WTG do not contribute to calculated flicker values. A WTG will be visible if it is visible from any part of the receiver window. The ZVI calculation is based on the following assumptions: Height contours used: Elevation Grid Data Object: Engie_TN_EMDGrid_0.wpg (1) Obstacles used in calculation Eye height for map: 1.5 m Grid resolution: 1.0 m Topographic shadow included in calculation All coordinates are in UTM (north)-WGS84 Zone: 43 WTGs WTG type Shadow data Easting Northing Z Row data/Description Valid Manufact. Type-generator Power, Rotor Hub Calculation RPM rated diameter height distance [m] [kW] [m] [m] [m] [RPM] 001 825,451 980,664 39.0 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! ... Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 1,515 0.0 002 817,792 974,713 64.0 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! ... Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 1,515 0.0 003 820,107 974,503 56.8 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! ... Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 1,515 0.0 004 826,493 981,369 35.9 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! ... Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 1,515 0.0 005 826,572 980,537 35.0 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! ... Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 1,515 0.0 006 826,600 979,679 34.0 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! ... Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 1,515 0.0 007 825,438 976,983 38.1 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! ... Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 1,515 0.0 008 819,671 975,197 58.0 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! ... Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 1,515 0.0 010 821,390 974,832 48.4 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! ... Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 1,515 0.0 011 818,669 974,219 58.5 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! ... Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 1,515 0.0 012 817,910 980,365 65.8 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! ... Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 1,515 0.0 013 819,417 974,260 56.9 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! ... Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 1,515 0.0 014 825,607 980,069 38.4 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! ... Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 1,515 0.0 015 819,890 972,046 55.2 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! ... Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 1,515 0.0 015 829,747 974,389 22.6 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! ... Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 1,515 0.0 016 821,234 977,954 56.0 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! ... Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 1,515 0.0 017 811,812 970,626 28.6 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! ... Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 1,515 0.0 018 816,810 970,431 48.0 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! ... Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 1,515 0.0 019 820,154 971,331 53.6 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! ... Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 1,515 0.0 020 816,849 973,665 56.6 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! ... Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 1,515 0.0 021 829,886 978,721 30.2 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! ... Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 1,515 0.0 022 822,424 980,182 51.0 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! ... Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 1,515 0.0 023 824,338 980,393 42.7 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! ... Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 1,515 0.0 024 824,644 979,814 44.7 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! ... Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 1,515 0.0 025 823,102 975,402 47.6 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! ... Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 1,515 0.0 026 825,688 979,507 39.5 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! ... Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 1,515 0.0 027 815,254 972,761 44.3 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! ... Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 1,515 0.0 028 818,116 976,471 65.2 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! ... Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 1,515 0.0 029 821,228 978,398 56.0 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! ... Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 1,515 0.0 030 814,424 976,948 44.4 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! ... Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 1,515 0.0 031 820,275 975,828 55.4 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! ... Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 1,515 0.0 032 824,921 975,010 33.4 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! ... Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 1,515 0.0 033 818,755 974,945 57.7 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! ... Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 1,515 0.0 To be continued on next page... windPRO 3.2.732 by EMD International A/S, Tel. + 45 96 35 44 44, www.emd.dk, [email protected] 26-03-2019 17:21 / 1 windPRO Project: Licensed user: Engie_TN ERM I ndia Private Limited Building 10, 4th Floor, Tower A, DLF Cyber City IN-122002 Gurgaon + 91 124 4170300 Naval Chaudhary / [email protected] Calculated: 26-03-2019 08:15/3.2.732 SHADOW - Main Result Calculation: Shadow Flicher ...continued from previous page WTG type Shadow data Easting Northing Z Row data/Description Valid Manufact. Type-generator Power, Rotor Hub Calculation RPM rated diameter height distance [m] [kW] [m] [m] [m] [RPM] 034 820,543 974,990 52.6 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! ... Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 1,515 0.0 035 821,363 977,589 55.6 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! ... Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 1,515 0.0 036 824,630 977,524 44.1 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! ... Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 1,515 0.0 037 825,151 969,882 40.3 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! ... Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 1,515 0.0 038 819,514 973,820 55.5 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! ... Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 1,515 0.0 039 815,677 968,504 40.8 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! ... Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 1,515 0.0 040 820,730 974,122 49.8 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! ... Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 1,515 0.0 041 814,323 967,335 31.8 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! ... Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 1,515 0.0 042 824,207 969,637 42.4 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! ... Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 1,515 0.0 043 816,968 969,500 46.6 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! ... Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 1,515 0.0 044 818,346 972,147 53.3 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! ... Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 1,515 0.0 045 828,529 979,428 31.9 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! ... Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 1,515 0.0 046 814,470 969,827 40.8 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! ... Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 1,515 0.0 047 815,622 971,550 42.2 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! ... Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 1,515 0.0 048 825,986 973,118 33.4 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! ... Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 1,515 0.0 049 814,794 974,768 48.9 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! ... Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 1,515 0.0 050 816,230 969,080 47.2 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! ... Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 1,515 0.0 051 815,467 972,277 43.7 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! ... Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 1,515 0.0 052 823,163 969,281 43.8 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! ... Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 1,515 0.0 053 827,976 994,047 70.7 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! ... Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 1,515 0.0 054 823,059 988,894 60.9 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! ... Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 1,515 0.0 055 820,960 975,541 51.2 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! ... Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 1,515 0.0 056 825,204 972,118 36.0 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! ... Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 1,515 0.0 057 824,189 972,430 34.3 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! ... Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 1,515 0.0 058 822,401 969,077 49.2 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! ... Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 1,515 0.0 059 821,508 969,034 51.3 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! ... Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 1,515 0.0 060 818,003 970,175 58.5 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! ... Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 1,515 0.0 061 821,418 968,402 51.1 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! ... Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 1,515 0.0 062 820,900 969,673 54.6 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! ... Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 1,515 0.0 063 811,997 976,967 37.0 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! ... Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 1,515 0.0 064 821,376 967,802 50.1 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! ... Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 1,515 0.0 065 823,643 975,789 45.5 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! ... Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 1,515 0.0 066 815,106 967,824 34.9 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! ... Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 1,515 0.0 067 820,572 968,448 55.6 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! ... Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 1,515 0.0 068 823,127 974,628 45.3 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! ... Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 1,515 0.0 069 825,567 983,019 42.0 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! ... Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 1,515 0.0 070 815,020 973,474 45.0 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! ... Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 1,515 0.0 071 821,156 972,808 48.1 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! ... Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 1,515 0.0 072 817,110 972,155 55.0 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! ... Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 1,515 0.0 073 818,771 984,459 62.7 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! ... Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 1,515 0.0 074 814,540 969,382 37.0 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! ... Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 1,515 0.0 075 812,716 968,636 25.0 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! ... Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 1,515 0.0 076 813,296 968,050 26.1 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! ... Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 1,515 0.0 077 815,239 966,898 36.6 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! ... Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 1,515 0.0 078 816,331 973,091 53.9 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! ... Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 1,515 0.0 079 813,829 973,756 37.9 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! ... Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 1,515 0.0 080 815,424 970,381 43.4 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! ... Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 1,515 0.0 081 814,649 974,338 42.9 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! ... Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 1,515 0.0 082 819,481 986,961 63.1 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! ... Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 1,515 0.0 083 816,787 974,135 54.0 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! ... Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 1,515 0.0 084 816,607 974,683 58.8 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! ... Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 1,515 0.0 085 820,021 983,017 60.8 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! ... Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 1,515 0.0 086 821,359 983,082 54.2 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! ... Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 1,515 0.0 087 820,926 988,542 66.0 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! ... Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 1,515 0.0 088 813,795 969,321 35.9 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! ... Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 1,515 0.0 089 822,633 970,379 45.1 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! ... Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 1,515 0.0 090 823,644 971,106 39.8 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! ... Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 1,515 0.0 091 817,323 981,163 68.8 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! ... Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 1,515 0.0 092 824,062 987,041 53.7 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! ... Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 1,515 0.0 093 817,074 976,427 60.0 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! ... Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 1,515 0.0 094 816,234 972,543 49.0 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! ... Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 1,515 0.0 095 822,948 990,022 64.3 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! ... Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 1,515 0.0 096 823,812 989,559 61.0 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! ... Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 1,515 0.0 To be continued on next page... windPRO 3.2.732 by EMD International A/S, Tel. + 45 96 35 44 44, www.emd.dk, [email protected] 26-03-2019 17:21 / 2 windPRO Project: Licensed user: Engie_TN ERM I ndia Private Limited Building 10, 4th Floor, Tower A, DLF Cyber City IN-122002 Gurgaon + 91 124 4170300 Naval Chaudhary / [email protected] Calculated: 26-03-2019 08:15/3.2.732 SHADOW - Main Result Calculation: Shadow Flicher ...continued from previous page WTG type Shadow data Easting Northing Z Row data/Description Valid Manufact. Type-generator Power, Rotor Hub Calculation RPM rated diameter height distance [m] [kW] [m] [m] [m] [RPM] 097 820,563 972,208 53.2 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! ... Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 1,515 0.0 098 824,261 985,406 48.4 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! ... Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 1,515 0.0 099 825,749 986,207 51.0 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! ... Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 1,515 0.0 100 829,009 984,773 49.4 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! ... Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 1,515 0.0 101 823,140 986,967 55.4 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! ... Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 1,515 0.0 102 820,320 982,434 59.6 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! ... Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 1,515 0.0 103 824,587 989,178 59.8 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! ... Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 1,515 0.0 104 824,619 986,013 53.0 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! ... Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 1,515 0.0 105 814,653 968,938 33.2 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! ... Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 1,515 0.0 106 814,218 972,857 40.3 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! ... Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 1,515 0.0 107 812,880 969,210 27.4 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! ... Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 1,515 0.0 108 821,499 977,083 52.6 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! ... Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 1,515 0.0 109 811,941 980,413 43.1 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! ... Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 1,515 0.0 110 821,667 988,944 67.0 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! ... Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 1,515 0.0 111 828,221 975,342 32.9 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! ... Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 1,515 0.0 112 825,311 987,815 58.4 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! ... Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 1,515 0.0 113 823,965 988,608 60.8 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! ... Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 1,515 0.0 114 827,691 979,480 34.0 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! ... Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 1,515 0.0 115 825,672 981,200 36.2 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! ... Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 1,515 0.0 116 823,304 991,411 67.4 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! ... Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 1,515 0.0 117 823,784 989,129 60.7 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! ... Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 1,515 0.0 118 823,093 989,556 62.4 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! ... Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 1,515 0.0 119 821,366 990,185 70.4 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! ... Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 1,515 0.0 120 824,321 987,517 56.6 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! ... Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 1,515 0.0 121 831,510 997,206 48.1 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! ... Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 1,515 0.0 122 823,786 1,002,270 56.1 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! ... Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 1,515 0.0 123 822,048 991,349 70.9 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! ... Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 1,515 0.0 124 822,269 990,337 68.0 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! ... Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 1,515 0.0 125 822,197 989,905 65.0 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! ... Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 1,515 0.0 126 833,610 997,025 44.3 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! ... Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 1,515 0.0 Shadow receptor-I nput No. Easting Northing Z Width Height Elevation Degrees from Slope of Direction mode Eye height a.g.l. south cw window (ZVI) a.g.l. [m][m] [m] [m] [°] [°] [m] A 816,390 978,997 60.4 1.0 1.0 1.0 -131.6 90.0 Fixed direction 2.0 B 818,376 980,911 68.3 1.0 1.0 1.0 -30.4 90.0 Fixed direction 2.0 C 818,265 976,943 61.3 1.0 1.0 1.0 19.8 90.0 Fixed direction 2.0 D 817,900 976,831 63.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 -21.9 90.0 Fixed direction 2.0 E 818,214 977,481 65.7 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.0 90.0 Fixed direction 2.0 F 813,592 976,221 43.6 1.0 1.0 1.0 -128.1 90.0 Fixed direction 2.0 G 817,239 972,803 54.7 1.0 1.0 1.0 17.4 90.0 Fixed direction 2.0 H 815,832 974,123 54.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 -107.5 90.0 Fixed direction 2.0 I 826,276 975,377 36.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 69.7 90.0 Fixed direction 2.0 J 824,709 978,460 45.6 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.0 90.0 Fixed direction 2.0 K 818,253 969,314 56.6 1.0 1.0 1.0 -195.9 90.0 Fixed direction 2.0 L 817,928 971,282 56.9 1.0 1.0 1.0 -150.6 90.0 Fixed direction 2.0 M 823,143 980,130 50.2 1.0 1.0 1.0 314.6 90.0 Fixed direction 2.0 N 823,251 974,061 44.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 -191.4 90.0 Fixed direction 2.0 O 821,799 980,449 55.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 -56.8 90.0 Fixed direction 2.0 P 829,139 979,387 35.9 1.0 1.0 1.0 -35.8 90.0 Fixed direction 2.0 Q 827,818 978,888 33.2 1.0 1.0 1.0 -192.2 90.0 Fixed direction 2.0 R 829,092 976,613 29.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 -19.3 90.0 Fixed direction 2.0 S 828,181 974,809 29.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 -53.3 90.0 Fixed direction 2.0 T 827,182 973,846 31.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 -35.0 90.0 Fixed direction 2.0 U 824,831 973,745 37.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 -46.3 90.0 Fixed direction 2.0 V 810,881 970,061 33.5 1.0 1.0 1.0 -118.2 90.0 Fixed direction 2.0 W 813,511 970,910 36.6 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.0 90.0 Fixed direction 2.0 X 814,753 977,459 50.7 1.0 1.0 1.0 47.5 90.0 Fixed direction 2.0 Y 816,968 977,066 61.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 -19.6 90.0 Fixed direction 2.0 Z 824,143 971,649 41.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 38.9 90.0 Fixed direction 2.0 AA 823,221 968,259 47.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 -184.8 90.0 Fixed direction 2.0 To be continued on next page... windPRO 3.2.732 by EMD International A/S, Tel. + 45 96 35 44 44, www.emd.dk, [email protected] 26-03-2019 17:21 / 3 windPRO Project: Licensed user: Engie_TN ERM I ndia Private Limited Building 10, 4th Floor, Tower A, DLF Cyber City IN-122002 Gurgaon + 91 124 4170300 Naval Chaudhary / [email protected] Calculated: 26-03-2019 08:15/3.2.732 SHADOW - Main Result Calculation: Shadow Flicher ...continued from previous page No. Easting Northing Z Width Height Elevation Degrees from Slope of Direction mode Eye height a.g.l. south cw window (ZVI) a.g.l. [m][m] [m] [m] [°] [°] [m] AB 821,204 967,152 54.5 1.0 1.0 1.0 -165.8 90.0 Fixed direction 2.0 AC 821,571 966,729 51.8 1.0 1.0 1.0 -180.2 90.0 Fixed direction 2.0 AD 813,141 977,160 45.5 1.0 1.0 1.0 -74.9 90.0 Fixed direction 2.0 AE 813,952 977,620 47.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 -31.8 90.0 Fixed direction 2.0 AF 820,469 983,072 60.2 1.0 1.0 1.0 82.2 90.0 Fixed direction 2.0 AG 818,892 985,554 64.5 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.0 90.0 Fixed direction 2.0 AH 823,307 985,057 51.5 1.0 1.0 1.0 -114.9 90.0 Fixed direction 2.0 AI 828,477 980,881 37.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.0 90.0 Fixed direction 2.0 AJ 825,937 982,544 41.4 1.0 1.0 1.0 -215.7 90.0 Fixed direction 2.0 AK 824,834 983,115 44.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 -65.9 90.0 Fixed direction 2.0 AL 828,140 984,299 47.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 -125.9 90.0 Fixed direction 2.0 AM 827,675 985,163 51.4 1.0 1.0 1.0 -69.8 90.0 Fixed direction 2.0 AN 827,229 986,986 60.9 1.0 1.0 1.0 50.1 90.0 Fixed direction 2.0 AO 822,409 987,173 60.5 1.0 1.0 1.0 -64.0 90.0 Fixed direction 2.0 AP 821,334 990,899 75.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.0 90.0 Fixed direction 2.0 AQ 824,117 991,813 65.5 1.0 1.0 1.0 67.3 90.0 Fixed direction 2.0 AR 825,169 991,494 64.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 82.1 90.0 Fixed direction 2.0 AS 817,102 987,001 68.6 1.0 1.0 1.0 -87.4 90.0 Fixed direction 2.0 AT 825,842 975,578 32.7 1.0 1.0 1.0 50.1 90.0 Fixed direction 2.0 AU 817,573 974,090 61.6 1.0 1.0 1.0 -153.2 90.0 Fixed direction 2.0 AV 818,067 972,907 56.2 1.0 1.0 1.0 -9.9 90.0 Fixed direction 2.0 AW 814,377 968,078 35.4 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.0 90.0 Fixed direction 2.0 AX 813,937 976,692 44.3 1.0 1.0 1.0 -121.2 90.0 Fixed direction 2.0 AY 813,701 967,257 31.8 1.0 1.0 1.0 -91.6 90.0 Fixed direction 2.0 AZ 814,742 968,398 37.6 1.0 1.0 1.0 -192.6 90.0 Fixed direction 2.0 BA 815,723 966,672 43.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 -244.9 90.0 Fixed direction 2.0 BB 816,395 967,509 45.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 -257.6 90.0 Fixed direction 2.0 BC 816,780 967,879 49.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 -240.8 90.0 Fixed direction 2.0 BD 813,348 968,788 29.2 1.0 1.0 1.0 56.1 90.0 Fixed direction 2.0 BE 811,331 969,015 31.2 1.0 1.0 1.0 -71.0 90.0 Fixed direction 2.0 BF 811,139 969,303 28.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 -88.7 90.0 Fixed direction 2.0 BG 812,818 974,893 41.3 1.0 1.0 1.0 -39.6 90.0 Fixed direction 2.0 BH 814,314 975,727 48.6 1.0 1.0 1.0 -16.9 90.0 Fixed direction 2.0 BI 824,722 972,168 38.7 1.0 1.0 1.0 -82.5 90.0 Fixed direction 2.0 BJ 815,435 967,349 40.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 -228.2 90.0 Fixed direction 2.0 BK 825,813 973,395 32.4 1.0 1.0 1.0 -29.1 90.0 Fixed direction 2.0 BL 820,050 975,525 58.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 -150.2 90.0 Fixed direction 2.0 BM 828,916 979,011 31.5 1.0 1.0 1.0 -33.4 90.0 Fixed direction 2.0 BN 824,712 973,083 36.6 1.0 1.0 1.0 42.0 90.0 Fixed direction 2.0 BO 817,976 983,122 68.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 -83.8 90.0 Fixed direction 2.0 BP 815,743 968,892 42.5 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.0 90.0 Fixed direction 2.0 BQ 813,237 967,795 27.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 -168.4 90.0 Fixed direction 2.0 BR 814,941 972,820 41.9 1.0 1.0 1.0 -79.1 90.0 Fixed direction 2.0 BS 816,842 971,571 52.3 1.0 1.0 1.0 -153.9 90.0 Fixed direction 2.0 BT 817,524 971,898 55.7 1.0 1.0 1.0 -238.5 90.0 Fixed direction 2.0 BU 825,304 970,462 35.3 1.0 1.0 1.0 21.6 90.0 Fixed direction 2.0 BV 825,064 971,430 35.7 1.0 1.0 1.0 -169.9 90.0 Fixed direction 2.0 BW 824,594 988,877 57.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 -182.2 90.0 Fixed direction 2.0 BX 818,069 976,815 62.6 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.0 90.0 Fixed direction 2.0 Calculation Results Shadow receptor Shadow, worst case Shadow, expected values No. Shadow hours Shadow days Max shadow Shadow hours per year per year hours per day per year [h/year] [days/year] [h/day] [h/year] A 0:00 0 0:00 0:00 B 0:00 0 0:00 0:00 C 20:26 68 0:21 9:07 D 26:41 58 0:32 11:52 E 0:00 0 0:00 0:00 F 0:00 0 0:00 0:00 G 23:41 68 0:30 8:49 To be continued on next page... windPRO 3.2.732 by EMD International A/S, Tel. + 45 96 35 44 44, www.emd.dk, [email protected] 26-03-2019 17:21 / 4 windPRO Project: Licensed user: Engie_TN ERM I ndia Private Limited Building 10, 4th Floor, Tower A, DLF Cyber City IN-122002 Gurgaon + 91 124 4170300 Naval Chaudhary / [email protected] Calculated: 26-03-2019 08:15/3.2.732 SHADOW - Main Result Calculation: Shadow Flicher ...continued from previous page Shadow, worst case Shadow, expected values No. Shadow hours Shadow days Max shadow Shadow hours per year per year hours per day per year [h/year] [days/year] [h/day] [h/year] H 37:03 98 0:29 14:33 I 6:59 30 0:17 3:02 J 0:00 0 0:00 0:00 K 7:18 30 0:18 2:35 L 0:00 0 0:00 0:00 M 9:44 34 0:21 3:33 N 0:00 0 0:00 0:00 O 55:48 88 0:43 20:54 P 0:00 0 0:00 0:00 Q 0:00 0 0:00 0:00 R 0:00 0 0:00 0:00 S 0:00 0 0:00 0:00 T 0:00 0 0:00 0:00 U 0:00 0 0:00 0:00 V 0:00 0 0:00 0:00 W 0:00 0 0:00 0:00 X 0:00 0 0:00 0:00 Y 0:00 0 0:00 0:00 Z 0:00 0 0:00 0:00 AA 0:00 0 0:00 0:00 AB 0:00 0 0:00 0:00 AC 0:00 0 0:00 0:00 AD 7:45 29 0:20 3:07 AE 0:00 0 0:00 0:00 AF 58:49 79 0:58 24:56 AG 0:00 0 0:00 0:00 AH 32:05 90 0:29 9:22 AI 0:00 0 0:00 0:00 AJ 0:00 0 0:00 0:00 AK 23:35 49 0:37 9:27 AL 0:00 0 0:00 0:00 AM 8:07 33 0:18 3:10 AN 0:00 0 0:00 0:00 AO 27:45 59 0:37 10:51 AP 0:00 0 0:00 0:00 AQ 26:53 58 0:33 11:57 AR 0:00 0 0:00 0:00 AS 0:00 0 0:00 0:00 AT 0:00 0 0:00 0:00 AU 11:02 34 0:25 4:16 AV 0:00 0 0:00 0:00 AW 41:51 96 0:37 16:19 AX 16:29 38 0:33 4:08 AY 34:06 60 0:43 13:05 AZ 1:22 9 0:13 0:35 BA 40:41 62 0:48 9:00 BB 8:16 35 0:18 2:38 BC 0:00 0 0:00 0:00 BD 33:22 60 0:43 14:28 BE 6:51 31 0:16 2:41 BF 0:00 0 0:00 0:00 BG 0:00 0 0:00 0:00 BH 0:00 0 0:00 0:00 BI 51:41 73 0:55 20:59 BJ 9:50 31 0:23 4:09 BK 0:00 0 0:00 0:00 BL 15:14 40 0:30 6:23 BM 16:44 46 0:28 6:30 BN 0:00 0 0:00 0:00 BO 0:00 0 0:00 0:00 BP 0:46 6 0:13 0:19 BQ 0:00 0 0:00 0:00 BR 128:25 141 1:35 51:03 To be continued on next page... windPRO 3.2.732 by EMD International A/S, Tel. + 45 96 35 44 44, www.emd.dk, [email protected] 26-03-2019 17:21 / 5 windPRO Project: Licensed user: Engie_TN ERM I ndia Private Limited Building 10, 4th Floor, Tower A, DLF Cyber City IN-122002 Gurgaon + 91 124 4170300 Naval Chaudhary / [email protected] Calculated: 26-03-2019 08:15/3.2.732 SHADOW - Main Result Calculation: Shadow Flicher ...continued from previous page Shadow, worst case Shadow, expected values No. Shadow hours Shadow days Max shadow Shadow hours per year per year hours per day per year [h/year] [days/year] [h/day] [h/year] BS 0:00 0 0:00 0:00 BT 0:00 0 0:00 0:00 BU 0:00 0 0:00 0:00 BV 0:00 0 0:00 0:00 BW 32:36 77 0:34 9:05 BX 21:09 61 0:27 9:20 Total amount of flickering on the shadow receptors caused by each WTG No. Name Worst case Expected [h/year] [h/year] 001 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (TOT: 180.0 m) (4) 0:00 0:00 002 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (TOT: 180.0 m) (5) 0:00 0:00 003 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (TOT: 180.0 m) (6) 0:00 0:00 004 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (TOT: 180.0 m) (7) 0:00 0:00 005 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (TOT: 180.0 m) (8) 0:00 0:00 006 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (TOT: 180.0 m) (9) 0:00 0:00 007 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (TOT: 180.0 m) (10) 0:00 0:00 008 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (TOT: 180.0 m) (11) 0:00 0:00 010 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (TOT: 180.0 m) (12) 0:00 0:00 011 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (TOT: 180.0 m) (13) 11:02 4:16 012 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (TOT: 180.0 m) (14) 0:00 0:00 013 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (TOT: 180.0 m) (15) 0:00 0:00 014 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (TOT: 180.0 m) (16) 0:00 0:00 015 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (TOT: 180.0 m) (17) 0:00 0:00 015 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (TOT: 180.0 m) (3) 0:00 0:00 016 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (TOT: 180.0 m) (18) 0:00 0:00 017 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (TOT: 180.0 m) (19) 0:00 0:00 018 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (TOT: 180.0 m) (20) 0:00 0:00 019 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (TOT: 180.0 m) (21) 0:00 0:00 020 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (TOT: 180.0 m) (22) 23:10 8:40 021 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (TOT: 180.0 m) (23) 16:44 6:30 022 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (TOT: 180.0 m) (24) 55:48 20:54 023 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (TOT: 180.0 m) (25) 9:44 3:33 024 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (TOT: 180.0 m) (26) 0:00 0:00 025 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (TOT: 180.0 m) (27) 0:00 0:00 026 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (TOT: 180.0 m) (28) 0:00 0:00 027 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (TOT: 180.0 m) (29) 112:58 45:03 028 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (TOT: 180.0 m) (30) 0:00 0:00 029 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (TOT: 180.0 m) (31) 0:00 0:00 030 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (TOT: 180.0 m) (32) 24:14 7:15 031 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (TOT: 180.0 m) (33) 0:00 0:00 032 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (TOT: 180.0 m) (34) 6:59 3:02 033 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (TOT: 180.0 m) (35) 0:00 0:00 034 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (TOT: 180.0 m) (36) 0:00 0:00 035 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (TOT: 180.0 m) (37) 0:00 0:00 036 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (TOT: 180.0 m) (38) 0:00 0:00 037 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (TOT: 180.0 m) (39) 0:00 0:00 038 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (TOT: 180.0 m) (40) 0:00 0:00 039 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (TOT: 180.0 m) (41) 0:00 0:00 040 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (TOT: 180.0 m) (42) 0:00 0:00 041 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (TOT: 180.0 m) (43) 43:56 17:14 042 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (TOT: 180.0 m) (44) 0:00 0:00 043 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (TOT: 180.0 m) (45) 7:18 2:35 044 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (TOT: 180.0 m) (46) 0:00 0:00 045 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (TOT: 180.0 m) (47) 0:00 0:00 046 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (TOT: 180.0 m) (48) 0:00 0:00 047 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (TOT: 180.0 m) (49) 0:00 0:00 048 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (TOT: 180.0 m) (50) 0:00 0:00 049 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (TOT: 180.0 m) (51) 0:00 0:00 050 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (TOT: 180.0 m) (52) 0:00 0:00 051 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (TOT: 180.0 m) (53) 0:00 0:00 052 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (TOT: 180.0 m) (54) 0:00 0:00 To be continued on next page... windPRO 3.2.732 by EMD International A/S, Tel. + 45 96 35 44 44, www.emd.dk, [email protected] 26-03-2019 17:21 / 6 windPRO Project: Licensed user: Engie_TN ERM I ndia Private Limited Building 10, 4th Floor, Tower A, DLF Cyber City IN-122002 Gurgaon + 91 124 4170300 Naval Chaudhary / [email protected] Calculated: 26-03-2019 08:15/3.2.732 SHADOW - Main Result Calculation: Shadow Flicher ...continued from previous page No. Name Worst case Expected [h/year] [h/year] 053 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (TOT: 180.0 m) (55) 0:00 0:00 054 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (TOT: 180.0 m) (56) 0:00 0:00 055 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (TOT: 180.0 m) (57) 15:14 6:23 056 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (TOT: 180.0 m) (58) 51:41 20:59 057 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (TOT: 180.0 m) (59) 0:00 0:00 058 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (TOT: 180.0 m) (60) 0:00 0:00 059 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (TOT: 180.0 m) (61) 0:00 0:00 060 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (TOT: 180.0 m) (62) 0:00 0:00 061 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (TOT: 180.0 m) (63) 0:00 0:00 062 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (TOT: 180.0 m) (64) 0:00 0:00 063 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (TOT: 180.0 m) (65) 0:00 0:00 064 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (TOT: 180.0 m) (66) 0:00 0:00 065 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (TOT: 180.0 m) (67) 0:00 0:00 066 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (TOT: 180.0 m) (68) 42:09 15:35 067 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (TOT: 180.0 m) (69) 0:00 0:00 068 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (TOT: 180.0 m) (70) 0:00 0:00 069 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (TOT: 180.0 m) (71) 23:35 9:27 070 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (TOT: 180.0 m) (72) 0:00 0:00 071 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (TOT: 180.0 m) (73) 0:00 0:00 072 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (TOT: 180.0 m) (74) 0:00 0:00 073 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (TOT: 180.0 m) (75) 0:00 0:00 074 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (TOT: 180.0 m) (76) 0:00 0:00 075 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (TOT: 180.0 m) (77) 40:13 17:09 076 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (TOT: 180.0 m) (78) 9:20 3:58 077 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (TOT: 180.0 m) (79) 40:41 9:00 078 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (TOT: 180.0 m) (80) 17:14 5:35 079 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (TOT: 180.0 m) (81) 0:00 0:00 080 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (TOT: 180.0 m) (82) 0:00 0:00 081 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (TOT: 180.0 m) (83) 0:00 0:00 082 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (TOT: 180.0 m) (84) 0:00 0:00 083 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (TOT: 180.0 m) (85) 13:53 5:51 084 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (TOT: 180.0 m) (86) 0:00 0:00 085 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (TOT: 180.0 m) (87) 58:49 24:56 086 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (TOT: 180.0 m) (88) 0:00 0:00 087 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (TOT: 180.0 m) (89) 0:00 0:00 088 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (TOT: 180.0 m) (90) 0:00 0:00 089 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (TOT: 180.0 m) (91) 0:00 0:00 090 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (TOT: 180.0 m) (92) 0:00 0:00 091 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (TOT: 180.0 m) (93) 0:00 0:00 092 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (TOT: 180.0 m) (94) 0:00 0:00 093 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (TOT: 180.0 m) (95) 43:31 19:17 094 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (TOT: 180.0 m) (96) 21:54 9:16 095 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (TOT: 180.0 m) (97) 0:00 0:00 096 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (TOT: 180.0 m) (98) 0:00 0:00 097 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (TOT: 180.0 m) (99) 0:00 0:00 098 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (TOT: 180.0 m) (100) 32:05 9:22 099 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (TOT: 180.0 m) (101) 0:00 0:00 100 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (TOT: 180.0 m) (102) 8:07 3:10 101 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (TOT: 180.0 m) (103) 27:45 10:51 102 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (TOT: 180.0 m) (104) 0:00 0:00 103 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (TOT: 180.0 m) (105) 0:00 0:00 104 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (TOT: 180.0 m) (106) 0:00 0:00 105 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (TOT: 180.0 m) (107) 0:46 0:19 106 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (TOT: 180.0 m) (108) 0:00 0:00 107 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (TOT: 180.0 m) (109) 0:00 0:00 108 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (TOT: 180.0 m) (110) 0:00 0:00 109 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (TOT: 180.0 m) (111) 0:00 0:00 110 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (TOT: 180.0 m) (112) 0:00 0:00 111 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (TOT: 180.0 m) (113) 0:00 0:00 112 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (TOT: 180.0 m) (114) 0:00 0:00 113 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (TOT: 180.0 m) (115) 0:00 0:00 114 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (TOT: 180.0 m) (116) 0:00 0:00 115 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (TOT: 180.0 m) (117) 0:00 0:00 116 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (TOT: 180.0 m) (118) 26:53 11:57 117 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (TOT: 180.0 m) (119) 32:36 9:05 To be continued on next page... windPRO 3.2.732 by EMD International A/S, Tel. + 45 96 35 44 44, www.emd.dk, [email protected] 26-03-2019 17:21 / 7 windPRO Project: Licensed user: Engie_TN ERM I ndia Private Limited Building 10, 4th Floor, Tower A, DLF Cyber City IN-122002 Gurgaon + 91 124 4170300 Naval Chaudhary / [email protected] Calculated: 26-03-2019 08:15/3.2.732 SHADOW - Main Result Calculation: Shadow Flicher ...continued from previous page No. Name Worst case Expected [h/year] [h/year] 118 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (TOT: 180.0 m) (120) 0:00 0:00 119 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (TOT: 180.0 m) (121) 0:00 0:00 120 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (TOT: 180.0 m) (122) 0:00 0:00 121 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (TOT: 180.0 m) (2) 0:00 0:00 122 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (TOT: 180.0 m) (123) 0:00 0:00 123 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (TOT: 180.0 m) (124) 0:00 0:00 124 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (TOT: 180.0 m) (125) 0:00 0:00 125 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (TOT: 180.0 m) (126) 0:00 0:00 126 VESTAS V120-2.2 2200 120.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (TOT: 180.0 m) (1) 0:00 0:00 Total times in Receptor wise and WTG wise tables can differ, as a WTG can lead to flicker at 2 or more receptors simultaneously and/or receptors may receive flicker from 2 or more WTGs simultaneously. windPRO 3.2.732 by EMD International A/S, Tel. + 45 96 35 44 44, www.emd.dk, [email protected] 26-03-2019 17:21 / 8 windPRO Project: Licensed user: Engie_TN ERM I ndia Private Limited Building 10, 4th Floor, Tower A, DLF Cyber City IN-122002 Gurgaon + 91 124 4170300 Naval Chaudhary / [email protected] Calculated: 26-03-2019 08:15/3.2.732 SHADOW - Map Calculation: Shadow Flicher Hours per year, real case 10 Hours 20 Hours 30 Hours 50 Hours 0 2.5 5 7.5 10 km Map: Basemap , Print scale 1:122,000, Map center UTM (north)-WGS84 Zone: 43 East: 825,270 North: 984,930 New WTG Shadow receptor Flicker map level: Elevation Grid Data Object: Engie_TN_EMDGrid_0.wpg (1) windPRO 3.2.732 by EMD International A/S, Tel. + 45 96 35 44 44, www.emd.dk, [email protected] 26-03-2019 17:33 / 1 windPRO APPENDIX D RESULTS OF NOISE IMPACT ANALYSIS www.erm.com Version: 0.2 Project No.: 0441037 Client: Vivid Solaire Energy Private Limited (ENGIE Group) 23 March 2020 Project: Licensed user: Engie_TN ERM I ndia Private Limited Building 10, 4th Floor, Tower A, DLF Cyber City IN-122002 Gurgaon + 91 124 4170300 Naval Chaudhary / [email protected] Calculated: 27-03-2019 17:38/3.2.732 NORD2000 - Main Result Calculation: Noise - Daytime Assumptions Weather stability Relative humidity 80.0 % Air temperature 25.0 °C Height for air temperature 10.0 m Stability parameters Day;Clouded I nverse Monin Obukhov lenght 0.0000 Temperature scale T* 0.0000 Terrain Elevation based on object Elevation Grid Data Object: Engie_TN_EMDGrid_0.wpg (1) Uniform roughness length 0.0500 m Uniform roughness class 1.4 Uniform terrain type D Wind speed criteria Uniform wind speed at 10 m agl. Wind speed 3.0 m/s - 9.0 m/s - 3.0 m/s Wind direction All receptors downwind Height above ground level for receiver 2.0 m Wind speed has been extrapolated to calculation height using IEC profile shear (z0 = 0.05m) No stability correction Version 5.022 All coordinates are in UTM (north)-WGS84 Zone: 43 WTGs WTG type Noise data Easting Northing Z Row data/Description Valid Manufact. Type-generator Power, Rotor Hub Creator Name rated diameter height [m] [kW] [m] [m] 126 833,610 997,025 44.3 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 121 831,510 997,206 48.1 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 015 829,747 974,389 22.6 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 001 825,451 980,664 39.0 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 002 817,792 974,713 64.0 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 003 820,107 974,503 56.8 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 004 826,493 981,369 35.9 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 005 826,572 980,537 35.0 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 006 826,600 979,679 34.0 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 007 825,438 976,983 38.1 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 008 819,671 975,197 58.0 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 010 821,390 974,832 48.4 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 011 818,669 974,219 58.5 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 012 817,910 980,365 65.8 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 013 819,417 974,260 56.9 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 014 825,607 980,069 38.4 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 015 819,890 972,046 55.2 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 016 821,234 977,954 56.0 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 017 811,812 970,626 28.6 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 018 816,810 970,431 48.0 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 019 820,154 971,331 53.6 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 020 816,849 973,665 56.6 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 021 829,886 978,721 30.2 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 022 822,424 980,182 51.0 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 023 824,338 980,393 42.7 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 024 824,644 979,814 44.7 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 025 823,102 975,402 47.6 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 026 825,688 979,507 39.5 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 027 815,254 972,761 44.3 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 028 818,116 976,471 65.2 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 029 821,228 978,398 56.0 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 030 814,424 976,948 44.4 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 031 820,275 975,828 55.4 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 032 824,921 975,010 33.4 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 033 818,755 974,945 57.7 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 034 820,543 974,990 52.6 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 035 821,363 977,589 55.6 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 036 824,630 977,524 44.1 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 037 825,151 969,882 40.3 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 038 819,514 973,820 55.5 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 039 815,677 968,504 40.8 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 To be continued on next page... windPRO 3.2.732 by EMD International A/S, Tel. + 45 96 35 44 44, www.emd.dk, [email protected] 01-04-2019 15:00 / 1 windPRO Project: Licensed user: Engie_TN ERM I ndia Private Limited Building 10, 4th Floor, Tower A, DLF Cyber City IN-122002 Gurgaon + 91 124 4170300 Naval Chaudhary / [email protected] Calculated: 27-03-2019 17:38/3.2.732 NORD2000 - Main Result Calculation: Noise - Daytime ...continued from previous page WTG type Noise data Easting Northing Z Row data/Description Valid Manufact. Type-generator Power, Rotor Hub Creator Name rated diameter height [m] [kW] [m] [m] 040 820,730 974,122 49.8 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 041 814,323 967,335 31.8 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 042 824,207 969,637 42.4 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 043 816,968 969,500 46.6 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 044 818,346 972,147 53.3 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 045 828,529 979,428 31.9 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 046 814,470 969,827 40.8 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 047 815,622 971,550 42.2 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 048 825,986 973,118 33.4 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 049 814,794 974,768 48.9 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 050 816,230 969,080 47.2 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 051 815,467 972,277 43.7 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 052 823,163 969,281 43.8 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 053 827,976 994,047 70.7 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 054 823,059 988,894 60.9 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 055 820,960 975,541 51.2 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 056 825,204 972,118 36.0 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 057 824,189 972,430 34.3 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 058 822,401 969,077 49.2 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 059 821,508 969,034 51.3 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 060 818,003 970,175 58.5 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 061 821,418 968,402 51.1 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 062 820,900 969,673 54.6 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 063 811,997 976,967 37.0 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 064 821,376 967,802 50.1 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 065 823,643 975,789 45.5 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 066 815,106 967,824 34.9 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 067 820,572 968,448 55.6 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 068 823,127 974,628 45.3 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 069 825,567 983,019 42.0 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 070 815,020 973,474 45.0 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 071 821,156 972,808 48.1 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 072 817,110 972,155 55.0 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 073 818,771 984,459 62.7 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 074 814,540 969,382 37.0 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 075 812,716 968,636 25.0 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 076 813,296 968,050 26.1 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 077 815,239 966,898 36.6 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 078 816,331 973,091 53.9 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 079 813,829 973,756 37.9 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 080 815,424 970,381 43.4 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 081 814,649 974,338 42.9 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 082 819,481 986,961 63.1 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 083 816,787 974,135 54.0 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 084 816,607 974,683 58.8 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 085 820,021 983,017 60.8 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 086 821,359 983,082 54.2 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 087 820,926 988,542 66.0 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 088 813,795 969,321 35.9 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 089 822,633 970,379 45.1 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 090 823,644 971,106 39.8 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 091 817,323 981,163 68.8 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 092 824,062 987,041 53.7 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 093 817,074 976,427 60.0 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 094 816,234 972,543 49.0 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 095 822,948 990,022 64.3 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 096 823,812 989,559 61.0 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 097 820,563 972,208 53.2 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 098 824,261 985,406 48.4 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 099 825,749 986,207 51.0 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 100 829,009 984,773 49.4 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 101 823,140 986,967 55.4 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 102 820,320 982,434 59.6 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 103 824,587 989,178 59.8 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 104 824,619 986,013 53.0 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 105 814,653 968,938 33.2 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 106 814,218 972,857 40.3 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 To be continued on next page... windPRO 3.2.732 by EMD International A/S, Tel. + 45 96 35 44 44, www.emd.dk, [email protected] 01-04-2019 15:00 / 2 windPRO Project: Licensed user: Engie_TN ERM I ndia Private Limited Building 10, 4th Floor, Tower A, DLF Cyber City IN-122002 Gurgaon + 91 124 4170300 Naval Chaudhary / [email protected] Calculated: 27-03-2019 17:38/3.2.732 NORD2000 - Main Result Calculation: Noise - Daytime ...continued from previous page WTG type Noise data Easting Northing Z Row data/Description Valid Manufact. Type-generator Power, Rotor Hub Creator Name rated diameter height [m] [kW] [m] [m] 107 812,880 969,210 27.4 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 108 821,499 977,083 52.6 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 109 811,941 980,413 43.1 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 110 821,667 988,944 67.0 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 111 828,221 975,342 32.9 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 112 825,311 987,815 58.4 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 113 823,965 988,608 60.8 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 114 827,691 979,480 34.0 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 115 825,672 981,200 36.2 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 116 823,304 991,411 67.4 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 117 823,784 989,129 60.7 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 118 823,093 989,556 62.4 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 119 821,366 990,185 70.4 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 120 824,321 987,517 56.6 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 122 823,786 1,002,270 56.1 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 123 822,048 991,349 70.9 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 124 822,269 990,337 68.0 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 125 822,197 989,905 65.0 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 Calculation Results Sound level Noise sensitive area Sound level No. Name Easting Northing Z Imission height Wind speed From WTGs [m] [m] [m/s] [dB(A)] A Noise sensitive point: Demands defined in calculation setup. (1) 816,390 978,997 60.4 2.0 3.0 20.9 A 6.0 32.2 A 9.0 32.9 B Noise sensitive point: Demands defined in calculation setup. (2) 818,376 980,911 68.3 2.0 3.0 28.9 B 6.0 39.2 B 9.0 39.6 C Noise sensitive point: Demands defined in calculation setup. (3) 818,265 976,943 61.3 2.0 3.0 31.4 C 6.0 42.0 C 9.0 42.5 D Noise sensitive point: Demands defined in calculation setup. (4) 817,900 976,831 63.1 2.0 3.0 33.5 D 6.0 43.9 D 9.0 44.3 E Noise sensitive point: Demands defined in calculation setup. (5) 818,214 977,481 65.7 2.0 3.0 27.0 E 6.0 37.4 E 9.0 37.9 F Noise sensitive point: Demands defined in calculation setup. (6) 813,592 976,221 43.6 2.0 3.0 25.2 F 6.0 36.0 F 9.0 36.5 G Noise sensitive point: Demands defined in calculation setup. (7) 817,239 972,803 54.7 2.0 3.0 32.8 G 6.0 43.1 G 9.0 43.5 H Noise sensitive point: Demands defined in calculation setup. (8) 815,832 974,123 54.1 2.0 3.0 32.1 H 6.0 42.5 H 9.0 42.9 I Noise sensitive point: Demands defined in calculation setup. (9) 826,276 975,377 36.0 2.0 3.0 25.4 I 6.0 35.7 I 9.0 36.1 J Noise sensitive point: Demands defined in calculation setup. (10) 824,709 978,460 45.6 2.0 3.0 28.7 J 6.0 39.1 J 9.0 39.5 K Noise sensitive point: Demands defined in calculation setup. (11) 818,253 969,314 56.6 2.0 3.0 28.5 K 6.0 38.8 K 9.0 39.2 L Noise sensitive point: Demands defined in calculation setup. (12) 817,928 971,282 56.9 2.0 3.0 30.2 L 6.0 40.4 L 9.0 40.8 M Noise sensitive point: Demands defined in calculation setup. (13) 823,143 980,130 50.2 2.0 3.0 29.5 M 6.0 39.8 To be continued on next page... windPRO 3.2.732 by EMD International A/S, Tel. + 45 96 35 44 44, www.emd.dk, [email protected] 01-04-2019 15:00 / 3 windPRO Project: Licensed user: Engie_TN ERM I ndia Private Limited Building 10, 4th Floor, Tower A, DLF Cyber City IN-122002 Gurgaon + 91 124 4170300 Naval Chaudhary / [email protected] Calculated: 27-03-2019 17:38/3.2.732 NORD2000 - Main Result Calculation: Noise - Daytime ...continued from previous page Noise sensitive area Sound level No. Name Easting Northing Z Imission height Wind speed From WTGs [m] [m] [m/s] [dB(A)] M 9.0 40.2 N Noise sensitive point: Demands defined in calculation setup. (14) 823,251 974,061 44.0 2.0 3.0 31.1 N 6.0 41.4 N 9.0 41.8 O Noise sensitive point: Demands defined in calculation setup. (15) 821,799 980,449 55.1 2.0 3.0 28.9 O 6.0 39.2 O 9.0 39.7 P Noise sensitive point: Demands defined in calculation setup. (16) 829,139 979,387 35.9 2.0 3.0 30.5 P 6.0 40.7 P 9.0 41.1 Q Noise sensitive point: Demands defined in calculation setup. (17) 827,818 978,888 33.2 2.0 3.0 31.0 Q 6.0 41.3 Q 9.0 41.8 R Noise sensitive point: Demands defined in calculation setup. (18) 829,092 976,613 29.0 2.0 3.0 22.1 R 6.0 33.1 R 9.0 33.7 S Noise sensitive point: Demands defined in calculation setup. (19) 828,181 974,809 29.0 2.0 3.0 30.4 S 6.0 40.9 S 9.0 41.3 T Noise sensitive point: Demands defined in calculation setup. (20) 827,182 973,846 31.0 2.0 3.0 24.2 T 6.0 34.6 T 9.0 35.2 U Noise sensitive point: Demands defined in calculation setup. (21) 824,831 973,745 37.0 2.0 3.0 27.5 U 6.0 37.8 U 9.0 38.3 V Noise sensitive point: Demands defined in calculation setup. (22) 810,881 970,061 33.5 2.0 3.0 25.2 V 6.0 35.3 V 9.0 35.7 W Noise sensitive point: Demands defined in calculation setup. (23) 813,511 970,910 36.6 2.0 3.0 27.8 W 6.0 38.0 W 9.0 38.3 X Noise sensitive point: Demands defined in calculation setup. (24) 814,753 977,459 50.7 2.0 3.0 29.3 X 6.0 39.7 X 9.0 40.2 Y Noise sensitive point: Demands defined in calculation setup. (25) 816,968 977,066 61.0 2.0 3.0 29.7 Y 6.0 40.0 Y 9.0 40.5 Z Noise sensitive point: Demands defined in calculation setup. (26) 824,143 971,649 41.0 2.0 3.0 30.9 Z 6.0 41.2 Z 9.0 41.7 AA Noise sensitive point: Demands defined in calculation setup. (27) 823,221 968,259 47.0 2.0 3.0 28.0 AA 6.0 38.4 AA 9.0 38.8 AB Noise sensitive point: Demands defined in calculation setup. (28) 821,204 967,152 54.5 2.0 3.0 29.6 AB 6.0 39.9 AB 9.0 40.3 AC Noise sensitive point: Demands defined in calculation setup. (29) 821,571 966,729 51.8 2.0 3.0 24.8 AC 6.0 35.5 AC 9.0 36.0 AD Noise sensitive point: Demands defined in calculation setup. (30) 813,141 977,160 45.5 2.0 3.0 26.3 AD 6.0 36.1 AD 9.0 36.2 AE Noise sensitive point: Demands defined in calculation setup. (31) 813,952 977,620 47.0 2.0 3.0 26.6 AE 6.0 37.1 AE 9.0 37.6 AF Noise sensitive point: Demands defined in calculation setup. (32) 820,469 983,072 60.2 2.0 3.0 33.8 AF 6.0 44.2 AF 9.0 44.6 AG Noise sensitive point: Demands defined in calculation setup. (33) 818,892 985,554 64.5 2.0 3.0 25.1 AG 6.0 35.4 AG 9.0 35.9 AH Noise sensitive point: Demands defined in calculation setup. (34) 823,307 985,057 51.5 2.0 3.0 26.7 AH 6.0 37.1 AH 9.0 37.6 To be continued on next page... windPRO 3.2.732 by EMD International A/S, Tel. + 45 96 35 44 44, www.emd.dk, [email protected] 01-04-2019 15:00 / 4 windPRO Project: Licensed user: Engie_TN ERM I ndia Private Limited Building 10, 4th Floor, Tower A, DLF Cyber City IN-122002 Gurgaon + 91 124 4170300 Naval Chaudhary / [email protected] Calculated: 27-03-2019 17:38/3.2.732 NORD2000 - Main Result Calculation: Noise - Daytime ...continued from previous page Noise sensitive area Sound level No. Name Easting Northing Z Imission height Wind speed From WTGs [m] [m] [m/s] [dB(A)] AI Noise sensitive point: Demands defined in calculation setup. (35) 828,477 980,881 37.1 2.0 3.0 25.6 AI 6.0 35.8 AI 9.0 36.1 AJ Noise sensitive point: Demands defined in calculation setup. (36) 825,937 982,544 41.4 2.0 3.0 30.5 AJ 6.0 40.9 AJ 9.0 41.4 AK Noise sensitive point: Demands defined in calculation setup. (37) 824,834 983,115 44.0 2.0 3.0 28.4 AK 6.0 38.6 AK 9.0 39.1 AL Noise sensitive point: Demands defined in calculation setup. (38) 828,140 984,299 47.0 2.0 3.0 24.7 AL 6.0 35.3 AL 9.0 35.8 AM Noise sensitive point: Demands defined in calculation setup. (39) 827,675 985,163 51.4 2.0 3.0 23.1 AM 6.0 33.5 AM 9.0 34.1 AN Noise sensitive point: Demands defined in calculation setup. (40) 827,229 986,986 60.9 2.0 3.0 23.6 AN 6.0 33.7 AN 9.0 34.0 AO Noise sensitive point: Demands defined in calculation setup. (41) 822,409 987,173 60.5 2.0 3.0 29.1 AO 6.0 39.4 AO 9.0 39.9 AP Noise sensitive point: Demands defined in calculation setup. (42) 821,334 990,899 75.1 2.0 3.0 31.1 AP 6.0 41.4 AP 9.0 41.8 AQ Noise sensitive point: Demands defined in calculation setup. (43) 824,117 991,813 65.5 2.0 3.0 25.9 AQ 6.0 36.6 AQ 9.0 37.2 AR Noise sensitive point: Demands defined in calculation setup. (44) 825,169 991,494 64.1 2.0 3.0 23.1 AR 6.0 33.5 AR 9.0 34.2 AS Noise sensitive point: Demands defined in calculation setup. (45) 817,102 987,001 68.6 2.0 3.0 18.1 AS 6.0 28.8 AS 9.0 29.7 AT Noise sensitive point: Demands defined in calculation setup. (46) 825,842 975,578 32.7 2.0 3.0 26.3 AT 6.0 36.9 AT 9.0 37.3 AU Noise sensitive point: Demands defined in calculation setup. (47) 817,573 974,090 61.6 2.0 3.0 33.3 AU 6.0 43.7 AU 9.0 44.1 AV Noise sensitive point: Demands defined in calculation setup. (48) 818,067 972,907 56.2 2.0 3.0 30.9 AV 6.0 41.3 AV 9.0 41.7 AW Noise sensitive point: Demands defined in calculation setup. (49) 814,377 968,078 35.4 2.0 3.0 32.8 AW 6.0 43.1 AW 9.0 43.4 AX Noise sensitive point: Demands defined in calculation setup. (50) 813,937 976,692 44.3 2.0 3.0 30.3 AX 6.0 40.7 AX 9.0 41.2 AY Noise sensitive point: Demands defined in calculation setup. (51) 813,701 967,257 31.8 2.0 3.0 31.3 AY 6.0 41.5 AY 9.0 41.9 AZ Noise sensitive point: Demands defined in calculation setup. (52) 814,742 968,398 37.6 2.0 3.0 34.2 AZ 6.0 44.5 AZ 9.0 44.8 BA Noise sensitive point: Demands defined in calculation setup. (53) 815,723 966,672 43.0 2.0 3.0 31.2 BA 6.0 41.6 BA 9.0 42.0 BB Noise sensitive point: Demands defined in calculation setup. (54) 816,395 967,509 45.0 2.0 3.0 27.9 BB 6.0 38.2 BB 9.0 38.5 BC Noise sensitive point: Demands defined in calculation setup. (55) 816,780 967,879 49.0 2.0 3.0 27.5 BC 6.0 37.7 BC 9.0 38.1 BD Noise sensitive point: Demands defined in calculation setup. (56) 813,348 968,788 29.2 2.0 3.0 34.1 To be continued on next page... windPRO 3.2.732 by EMD International A/S, Tel. + 45 96 35 44 44, www.emd.dk, [email protected] 01-04-2019 15:00 / 5 windPRO Project: Licensed user: Engie_TN ERM I ndia Private Limited Building 10, 4th Floor, Tower A, DLF Cyber City IN-122002 Gurgaon + 91 124 4170300 Naval Chaudhary / [email protected] Calculated: 27-03-2019 17:38/3.2.732 NORD2000 - Main Result Calculation: Noise - Daytime ...continued from previous page Noise sensitive area Sound level No. Name Easting Northing Z Imission height Wind speed From WTGs [m] [m] [m/s] [dB(A)] BD 6.0 44.5 BD 9.0 44.9 BE Noise sensitive point: Demands defined in calculation setup. (57) 811,331 969,015 31.2 2.0 3.0 25.9 BE 6.0 36.0 BE 9.0 35.9 BF Noise sensitive point: Demands defined in calculation setup. (58) 811,139 969,303 28.0 2.0 3.0 24.4 BF 6.0 34.9 BF 9.0 35.5 BG Noise sensitive point: Demands defined in calculation setup. (59) 812,818 974,893 41.3 2.0 3.0 25.4 BG 6.0 35.2 BG 9.0 35.5 BH Noise sensitive point: Demands defined in calculation setup. (60) 814,314 975,727 48.6 2.0 3.0 28.1 BH 6.0 38.2 BH 9.0 38.5 BI Noise sensitive point: Demands defined in calculation setup. (61) 824,722 972,168 38.7 2.0 3.0 33.6 BI 6.0 44.0 BI 9.0 44.4 BJ Noise sensitive point: Demands defined in calculation setup. (62) 815,435 967,349 40.0 2.0 3.0 34.0 BJ 6.0 44.3 BJ 9.0 44.7 BK Noise sensitive point: Demands defined in calculation setup. (63) 825,813 973,395 32.4 2.0 3.0 35.3 BK 6.0 45.6 BK 9.0 46.0 BL Noise sensitive point: Demands defined in calculation setup. (64) 820,050 975,525 58.1 2.0 3.0 36.9 BL 6.0 47.2 BL 9.0 47.6 BM Noise sensitive point: Demands defined in calculation setup. (65) 828,916 979,011 31.5 2.0 3.0 31.1 BM 6.0 41.4 BM 9.0 41.8 BN Noise sensitive point: Demands defined in calculation setup. (66) 824,712 973,083 36.6 2.0 3.0 29.3 BN 6.0 39.6 BN 9.0 40.0 BO Noise sensitive point: Demands defined in calculation setup. (67) 817,976 983,122 68.0 2.0 3.0 22.9 BO 6.0 33.6 BO 9.0 34.2 BP Noise sensitive point: Demands defined in calculation setup. (68) 815,743 968,892 42.5 2.0 3.0 35.9 BP 6.0 46.3 BP 9.0 46.7 BQ Noise sensitive point: Demands defined in calculation setup. (69) 813,237 967,795 27.0 2.0 3.0 37.4 BQ 6.0 47.7 BQ 9.0 48.0 BR Noise sensitive point: Demands defined in calculation setup. (70) 814,941 972,820 41.9 2.0 3.0 37.3 BR 6.0 47.7 BR 9.0 48.0 BS Noise sensitive point: Demands defined in calculation setup. (71) 816,842 971,571 52.3 2.0 3.0 32.2 BS 6.0 42.5 BS 9.0 42.9 BT Noise sensitive point: Demands defined in calculation setup. (72) 817,524 971,898 55.7 2.0 3.0 33.5 BT 6.0 43.8 BT 9.0 44.2 BU Noise sensitive point: Demands defined in calculation setup. (73) 825,304 970,462 35.3 2.0 3.0 29.8 BU 6.0 40.4 BU 9.0 40.9 BV Noise sensitive point: Demands defined in calculation setup. (74) 825,064 971,430 35.7 2.0 3.0 29.6 BV 6.0 40.0 BV 9.0 40.4 BW Noise sensitive point: Demands defined in calculation setup. (75) 824,594 988,877 57.0 2.0 3.0 37.1 BW 6.0 47.5 BW 9.0 47.8 BX Noise sensitive point: Demands defined in calculation setup. (76) 818,069 976,815 62.6 2.0 3.0 35.0 BX 6.0 45.4 BX 9.0 45.8 N1 Noise sensitive point: Demands defined in calculation setup. (77) 818,295 976,926 63.8 2.0 3.0 32.1 N1 6.0 42.6 To be continued on next page... windPRO 3.2.732 by EMD International A/S, Tel. + 45 96 35 44 44, www.emd.dk, [email protected] 01-04-2019 15:00 / 6 windPRO Project: Licensed user: Engie_TN ERM I ndia Private Limited Building 10, 4th Floor, Tower A, DLF Cyber City IN-122002 Gurgaon + 91 124 4170300 Naval Chaudhary / [email protected] Calculated: 27-03-2019 17:38/3.2.732 NORD2000 - Main Result Calculation: Noise - Daytime ...continued from previous page Noise sensitive area Sound level No. Name Easting Northing Z Imission height Wind speed From WTGs [m] [m] [m/s] [dB(A)] N1 9.0 43.0 N2 Noise sensitive point: Demands defined in calculation setup. (78) 821,945 980,420 51.8 2.0 3.0 30.6 N2 6.0 41.1 N2 9.0 41.6 N3 Noise sensitive point: Demands defined in calculation setup. (79) 813,937 976,692 44.3 2.0 3.0 30.3 N3 6.0 40.7 N3 9.0 41.2 windPRO 3.2.732 by EMD International A/S, Tel. + 45 96 35 44 44, www.emd.dk, [email protected] 01-04-2019 15:00 / 7 windPRO Project: Licensed user: Engie_TN ERM I ndia Private Limited Building 10, 4th Floor, Tower A, DLF Cyber City IN-122002 Gurgaon + 91 124 4170300 Naval Chaudhary / [email protected] Calculated: 27-03-2019 18:00/3.2.732 NORD2000 - Main Result Calculation: Noise - Night time Assumptions Weather stability Relative humidity 80.0 % Air temperature 15.0 °C Height for air temperature 10.0 m Stability parameters Night;Clouded I nverse Monin Obukhov lenght 0.0000 Temperature scale T* 0.0000 Terrain Elevation based on object Elevation Grid Data Object: Engie_TN_EMDGrid_0.wpg (1) Uniform roughness length 0.0500 m Uniform roughness class 1.4 Uniform terrain type D Wind speed criteria Uniform wind speed at 10 m agl. Wind speed 3.0 m/s - 9.0 m/s - 3.0 m/s Wind direction All receptors downwind Height above ground level for receiver 2.0 m Wind speed has been extrapolated to calculation height using IEC profile shear (z0 = 0.05m) No stability correction Version 5.022 All coordinates are in UTM (north)-WGS84 Zone: 43 WTGs WTG type Noise data Easting Northing Z Row data/Description Valid Manufact. Type-generator Power, Rotor Hub Creator Name rated diameter height [m] [kW] [m] [m] 126 833,610 997,025 44.3 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 121 831,510 997,206 48.1 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 015 829,747 974,389 22.6 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 001 825,451 980,664 39.0 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 002 817,792 974,713 64.0 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 003 820,107 974,503 56.8 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 004 826,493 981,369 35.9 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 005 826,572 980,537 35.0 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 006 826,600 979,679 34.0 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 007 825,438 976,983 38.1 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 008 819,671 975,197 58.0 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 010 821,390 974,832 48.4 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 011 818,669 974,219 58.5 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 012 817,910 980,365 65.8 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 013 819,417 974,260 56.9 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 014 825,607 980,069 38.4 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 015 819,890 972,046 55.2 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 016 821,234 977,954 56.0 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 017 811,812 970,626 28.6 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 018 816,810 970,431 48.0 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 019 820,154 971,331 53.6 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 020 816,849 973,665 56.6 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 021 829,886 978,721 30.2 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 022 822,424 980,182 51.0 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 023 824,338 980,393 42.7 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 024 824,644 979,814 44.7 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 025 823,102 975,402 47.6 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 026 825,688 979,507 39.5 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 027 815,254 972,761 44.3 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 028 818,116 976,471 65.2 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 029 821,228 978,398 56.0 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 030 814,424 976,948 44.4 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 031 820,275 975,828 55.4 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 032 824,921 975,010 33.4 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 033 818,755 974,945 57.7 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 034 820,543 974,990 52.6 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 035 821,363 977,589 55.6 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 036 824,630 977,524 44.1 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 037 825,151 969,882 40.3 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 038 819,514 973,820 55.5 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 039 815,677 968,504 40.8 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 To be continued on next page... windPRO 3.2.732 by EMD International A/S, Tel. + 45 96 35 44 44, www.emd.dk, [email protected] 01-04-2019 15:01 / 1 windPRO Project: Licensed user: Engie_TN ERM I ndia Private Limited Building 10, 4th Floor, Tower A, DLF Cyber City IN-122002 Gurgaon + 91 124 4170300 Naval Chaudhary / [email protected] Calculated: 27-03-2019 18:00/3.2.732 NORD2000 - Main Result Calculation: Noise - Night time ...continued from previous page WTG type Noise data Easting Northing Z Row data/Description Valid Manufact. Type-generator Power, Rotor Hub Creator Name rated diameter height [m] [kW] [m] [m] 040 820,730 974,122 49.8 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 041 814,323 967,335 31.8 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 042 824,207 969,637 42.4 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 043 816,968 969,500 46.6 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 044 818,346 972,147 53.3 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 045 828,529 979,428 31.9 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 046 814,470 969,827 40.8 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 047 815,622 971,550 42.2 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 048 825,986 973,118 33.4 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 049 814,794 974,768 48.9 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 050 816,230 969,080 47.2 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 051 815,467 972,277 43.7 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 052 823,163 969,281 43.8 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 053 827,976 994,047 70.7 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 054 823,059 988,894 60.9 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 055 820,960 975,541 51.2 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 056 825,204 972,118 36.0 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 057 824,189 972,430 34.3 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 058 822,401 969,077 49.2 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 059 821,508 969,034 51.3 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 060 818,003 970,175 58.5 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 061 821,418 968,402 51.1 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 062 820,900 969,673 54.6 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 063 811,997 976,967 37.0 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 064 821,376 967,802 50.1 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 065 823,643 975,789 45.5 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 066 815,106 967,824 34.9 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 067 820,572 968,448 55.6 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 068 823,127 974,628 45.3 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 069 825,567 983,019 42.0 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 070 815,020 973,474 45.0 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 071 821,156 972,808 48.1 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 072 817,110 972,155 55.0 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 073 818,771 984,459 62.7 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 074 814,540 969,382 37.0 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 075 812,716 968,636 25.0 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 076 813,296 968,050 26.1 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 077 815,239 966,898 36.6 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 078 816,331 973,091 53.9 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 079 813,829 973,756 37.9 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 080 815,424 970,381 43.4 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 081 814,649 974,338 42.9 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 082 819,481 986,961 63.1 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 083 816,787 974,135 54.0 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 084 816,607 974,683 58.8 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 085 820,021 983,017 60.8 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 086 821,359 983,082 54.2 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 087 820,926 988,542 66.0 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 088 813,795 969,321 35.9 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 089 822,633 970,379 45.1 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 090 823,644 971,106 39.8 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 091 817,323 981,163 68.8 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 092 824,062 987,041 53.7 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 093 817,074 976,427 60.0 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 094 816,234 972,543 49.0 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 095 822,948 990,022 64.3 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 096 823,812 989,559 61.0 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 097 820,563 972,208 53.2 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 098 824,261 985,406 48.4 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 099 825,749 986,207 51.0 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 100 829,009 984,773 49.4 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 101 823,140 986,967 55.4 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 102 820,320 982,434 59.6 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 103 824,587 989,178 59.8 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 104 824,619 986,013 53.0 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 105 814,653 968,938 33.2 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 106 814,218 972,857 40.3 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 To be continued on next page... windPRO 3.2.732 by EMD International A/S, Tel. + 45 96 35 44 44, www.emd.dk, [email protected] 01-04-2019 15:01 / 2 windPRO Project: Licensed user: Engie_TN ERM I ndia Private Limited Building 10, 4th Floor, Tower A, DLF Cyber City IN-122002 Gurgaon + 91 124 4170300 Naval Chaudhary / [email protected] Calculated: 27-03-2019 18:00/3.2.732 NORD2000 - Main Result Calculation: Noise - Night time ...continued from previous page WTG type Noise data Easting Northing Z Row data/Description Valid Manufact. Type-generator Power, Rotor Hub Creator Name rated diameter height [m] [kW] [m] [m] 107 812,880 969,210 27.4 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 108 821,499 977,083 52.6 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 109 811,941 980,413 43.1 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 110 821,667 988,944 67.0 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 111 828,221 975,342 32.9 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 112 825,311 987,815 58.4 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 113 823,965 988,608 60.8 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 114 827,691 979,480 34.0 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 115 825,672 981,200 36.2 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 116 823,304 991,411 67.4 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 117 823,784 989,129 60.7 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 118 823,093 989,556 62.4 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 119 821,366 990,185 70.4 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 120 824,321 987,517 56.6 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 122 823,786 1,002,270 56.1 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 123 822,048 991,349 70.9 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 124 822,269 990,337 68.0 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 125 822,197 989,905 65.0 VESTAS V120-2.2 220...Yes VESTAS V120-2.2-2,200 2,200 120.0 120.0 USER Level 0 - - Mode 0 - 12-2013 Calculation Results Sound level Noise sensitive area Sound level No. Name Easting Northing Z Imission height Wind speed From WTGs [m] [m] [m/s] [dB(A)] A Noise sensitive point: Demands defined in calculation setup. (1) 816,390 978,997 60.4 2.0 3.0 21.6 A 6.0 32.8 A 9.0 33.4 B Noise sensitive point: Demands defined in calculation setup. (2) 818,376 980,911 68.3 2.0 3.0 29.5 B 6.0 39.8 B 9.0 40.2 C Noise sensitive point: Demands defined in calculation setup. (3) 818,265 976,943 61.3 2.0 3.0 31.9 C 6.0 42.5 C 9.0 43.0 D Noise sensitive point: Demands defined in calculation setup. (4) 817,900 976,831 63.1 2.0 3.0 34.0 D 6.0 44.4 D 9.0 44.8 E Noise sensitive point: Demands defined in calculation setup. (5) 818,214 977,481 65.7 2.0 3.0 27.7 E 6.0 38.0 E 9.0 38.5 F Noise sensitive point: Demands defined in calculation setup. (6) 813,592 976,221 43.6 2.0 3.0 25.9 F 6.0 36.7 F 9.0 37.2 G Noise sensitive point: Demands defined in calculation setup. (7) 817,239 972,803 54.7 2.0 3.0 33.5 G 6.0 43.8 G 9.0 44.2 H Noise sensitive point: Demands defined in calculation setup. (8) 815,832 974,123 54.1 2.0 3.0 32.9 H 6.0 43.2 H 9.0 43.6 I Noise sensitive point: Demands defined in calculation setup. (9) 826,276 975,377 36.0 2.0 3.0 26.0 I 6.0 36.3 I 9.0 36.7 J Noise sensitive point: Demands defined in calculation setup. (10) 824,709 978,460 45.6 2.0 3.0 29.4 J 6.0 39.8 J 9.0 40.2 K Noise sensitive point: Demands defined in calculation setup. (11) 818,253 969,314 56.6 2.0 3.0 29.2 K 6.0 39.5 K 9.0 39.9 L Noise sensitive point: Demands defined in calculation setup. (12) 817,928 971,282 56.9 2.0 3.0 30.9 L 6.0 41.1 L 9.0 41.5 M Noise sensitive point: Demands defined in calculation setup. (13) 823,143 980,130 50.2 2.0 3.0 30.1 M 6.0 40.4 To be continued on next page... windPRO 3.2.732 by EMD International A/S, Tel. + 45 96 35 44 44, www.emd.dk, [email protected] 01-04-2019 15:01 / 3 windPRO Project: Licensed user: Engie_TN ERM I ndia Private Limited Building 10, 4th Floor, Tower A, DLF Cyber City IN-122002 Gurgaon + 91 124 4170300 Naval Chaudhary / [email protected] Calculated: 27-03-2019 18:00/3.2.732 NORD2000 - Main Result Calculation: Noise - Night time ...continued from previous page Noise sensitive area Sound level No. Name Easting Northing Z Imission height Wind speed From WTGs [m] [m] [m/s] [dB(A)] M 9.0 40.8 N Noise sensitive point: Demands defined in calculation setup. (14) 823,251 974,061 44.0 2.0 3.0 31.7 N 6.0 42.0 N 9.0 42.4 O Noise sensitive point: Demands defined in calculation setup. (15) 821,799 980,449 55.1 2.0 3.0 29.4 O 6.0 39.8 O 9.0 40.3 P Noise sensitive point: Demands defined in calculation setup. (16) 829,139 979,387 35.9 2.0 3.0 31.1 P 6.0 41.3 P 9.0 41.7 Q Noise sensitive point: Demands defined in calculation setup. (17) 827,818 978,888 33.2 2.0 3.0 31.6 Q 6.0 42.0 Q 9.0 42.4 R Noise sensitive point: Demands defined in calculation setup. (18) 829,092 976,613 29.0 2.0 3.0 22.8 R 6.0 33.7 R 9.0 34.3 S Noise sensitive point: Demands defined in calculation setup. (19) 828,181 974,809 29.0 2.0 3.0 30.9 S 6.0 41.4 S 9.0 41.8 T Noise sensitive point: Demands defined in calculation setup. (20) 827,182 973,846 31.0 2.0 3.0 24.8 T 6.0 35.2 T 9.0 35.7 U Noise sensitive point: Demands defined in calculation setup. (21) 824,831 973,745 37.0 2.0 3.0 28.2 U 6.0 38.5 U 9.0 39.0 V Noise sensitive point: Demands defined in calculation setup. (22) 810,881 970,061 33.5 2.0 3.0 25.8 V 6.0 35.9 V 9.0 36.3 W Noise sensitive point: Demands defined in calculation setup. (23) 813,511 970,910 36.6 2.0 3.0 28.5 W 6.0 38.7 W 9.0 39.1 X Noise sensitive point: Demands defined in calculation setup. (24) 814,753 977,459 50.7 2.0 3.0 29.9 X 6.0 40.3 X 9.0 40.7 Y Noise sensitive point: Demands defined in calculation setup. (25) 816,968 977,066 61.0 2.0 3.0 30.3 Y 6.0 40.6 Y 9.0 41.0 Z Noise sensitive point: Demands defined in calculation setup. (26) 824,143 971,649 41.0 2.0 3.0 31.6 Z 6.0 41.9 Z 9.0 42.3 AA Noise sensitive point: Demands defined in calculation setup. (27) 823,221 968,259 47.0 2.0 3.0 28.7 AA 6.0 39.1 AA 9.0 39.5 AB Noise sensitive point: Demands defined in calculation setup. (28) 821,204 967,152 54.5 2.0 3.0 30.2 AB 6.0 40.5 AB 9.0 40.9 AC Noise sensitive point: Demands defined in calculation setup. (29) 821,571 966,729 51.8 2.0 3.0 25.6 AC 6.0 36.2 AC 9.0 36.7 AD Noise sensitive point: Demands defined in calculation setup. (30) 813,141 977,160 45.5 2.0 3.0 26.9 AD 6.0 36.7 AD 9.0 36.8 AE Noise sensitive point: Demands defined in calculation setup. (31) 813,952 977,620 47.0 2.0 3.0 27.3 AE 6.0 37.7 AE 9.0 38.1 AF Noise sensitive point: Demands defined in calculation setup. (32) 820,469 983,072 60.2 2.0 3.0 34.3 AF 6.0 44.7 AF 9.0 45.1 AG Noise sensitive point: Demands defined in calculation setup. (33) 818,892 985,554 64.5 2.0 3.0 25.7 AG 6.0 36.1 AG 9.0 36.5 AH Noise sensitive point: Demands defined in calculation setup. (34) 823,307 985,057 51.5 2.0 3.0 27.3 AH 6.0 37.7 AH 9.0 38.2 To be continued on next page... windPRO 3.2.732 by EMD International A/S, Tel. + 45 96 35 44 44, www.emd.dk, [email protected] 01-04-2019 15:01 / 4 windPRO Project: Licensed user: Engie_TN ERM I ndia Private Limited Building 10, 4th Floor, Tower A, DLF Cyber City IN-122002 Gurgaon + 91 124 4170300 Naval Chaudhary / [email protected] Calculated: 27-03-2019 18:00/3.2.732 NORD2000 - Main Result Calculation: Noise - Night time ...continued from previous page Noise sensitive area Sound level No. Name Easting Northing Z Imission height Wind speed From WTGs [m] [m] [m/s] [dB(A)] AI Noise sensitive point: Demands defined in calculation setup. (35) 828,477 980,881 37.1 2.0 3.0 26.3 AI 6.0 36.4 AI 9.0 36.8 AJ Noise sensitive point: Demands defined in calculation setup. (36) 825,937 982,544 41.4 2.0 3.0 31.1 AJ 6.0 41.5 AJ 9.0 41.9 AK Noise sensitive point: Demands defined in calculation setup. (37) 824,834 983,115 44.0 2.0 3.0 29.0 AK 6.0 39.2 AK 9.0 39.7 AL Noise sensitive point: Demands defined in calculation setup. (38) 828,140 984,299 47.0 2.0 3.0 25.3 AL 6.0 35.9 AL 9.0 36.4 AM Noise sensitive point: Demands defined in calculation setup. (39) 827,675 985,163 51.4 2.0 3.0 23.6 AM 6.0 34.0 AM 9.0 34.6 AN Noise sensitive point: Demands defined in calculation setup. (40) 827,229 986,986 60.9 2.0 3.0 24.1 AN 6.0 34.2 AN 9.0 34.5 AO Noise sensitive point: Demands defined in calculation setup. (41) 822,409 987,173 60.5 2.0 3.0 29.8 AO 6.0 40.1 AO 9.0 40.6 AP Noise sensitive point: Demands defined in calculation setup. (42) 821,334 990,899 75.1 2.0 3.0 31.8 AP 6.0 42.1 AP 9.0 42.5 AQ Noise sensitive point: Demands defined in calculation setup. (43) 824,117 991,813 65.5 2.0 3.0 26.7 AQ 6.0 37.3 AQ 9.0 37.9 AR Noise sensitive point: Demands defined in calculation setup. (44) 825,169 991,494 64.1 2.0 3.0 23.8 AR 6.0 34.2 AR 9.0 34.8 AS Noise sensitive point: Demands defined in calculation setup. (45) 817,102 987,001 68.6 2.0 3.0 18.4 AS 6.0 29.2 AS 9.0 29.9 AT Noise sensitive point: Demands defined in calculation setup. (46) 825,842 975,578 32.7 2.0 3.0 27.1 AT 6.0 37.6 AT 9.0 38.0 AU Noise sensitive point: Demands defined in calculation setup. (47) 817,573 974,090 61.6 2.0 3.0 33.9 AU 6.0 44.4 AU 9.0 44.8 AV Noise sensitive point: Demands defined in calculation setup. (48) 818,067 972,907 56.2 2.0 3.0 31.6 AV 6.0 42.0 AV 9.0 42.4 AW Noise sensitive point: Demands defined in calculation setup. (49) 814,377 968,078 35.4 2.0 3.0 33.5 AW 6.0 43.8 AW 9.0 44.1 AX Noise sensitive point: Demands defined in calculation setup. (50) 813,937 976,692 44.3 2.0 3.0 30.9 AX 6.0 41.3 AX 9.0 41.7 AY Noise sensitive point: Demands defined in calculation setup. (51) 813,701 967,257 31.8 2.0 3.0 32.0 AY 6.0 42.2 AY 9.0 42.6 AZ Noise sensitive point: Demands defined in calculation setup. (52) 814,742 968,398 37.6 2.0 3.0 34.8 AZ 6.0 45.1 AZ 9.0 45.5 BA Noise sensitive point: Demands defined in calculation setup. (53) 815,723 966,672 43.0 2.0 3.0 31.8 BA 6.0 42.2 BA 9.0 42.6 BB Noise sensitive point: Demands defined in calculation setup. (54) 816,395 967,509 45.0 2.0 3.0 28.7 BB 6.0 39.0 BB 9.0 39.3 BC Noise sensitive point: Demands defined in calculation setup. (55) 816,780 967,879 49.0 2.0 3.0 28.2 BC 6.0 38.5 BC 9.0 38.8 BD Noise sensitive point: Demands defined in calculation setup. (56) 813,348 968,788 29.2 2.0 3.0 34.8 To be continued on next page... windPRO 3.2.732 by EMD International A/S, Tel. + 45 96 35 44 44, www.emd.dk, [email protected] 01-04-2019 15:01 / 5 windPRO Project: Licensed user: Engie_TN ERM I ndia Private Limited Building 10, 4th Floor, Tower A, DLF Cyber City IN-122002 Gurgaon + 91 124 4170300 Naval Chaudhary / [email protected] Calculated: 27-03-2019 18:00/3.2.732 NORD2000 - Main Result Calculation: Noise - Night time ...continued from previous page Noise sensitive area Sound level No. Name Easting Northing Z Imission height Wind speed From WTGs [m] [m] [m/s] [dB(A)] BD 6.0 45.2 BD 9.0 45.6 BE Noise sensitive point: Demands defined in calculation setup. (57) 811,331 969,015 31.2 2.0 3.0 26.7 BE 6.0 36.6 BE 9.0 36.6 BF Noise sensitive point: Demands defined in calculation setup. (58) 811,139 969,303 28.0 2.0 3.0 25.1 BF 6.0 35.6 BF 9.0 36.1 BG Noise sensitive point: Demands defined in calculation setup. (59) 812,818 974,893 41.3 2.0 3.0 26.0 BG 6.0 35.8 BG 9.0 36.1 BH Noise sensitive point: Demands defined in calculation setup. (60) 814,314 975,727 48.6 2.0 3.0 28.8 BH 6.0 39.0 BH 9.0 39.2 BI Noise sensitive point: Demands defined in calculation setup. (61) 824,722 972,168 38.7 2.0 3.0 34.1 BI 6.0 44.5 BI 9.0 44.9 BJ Noise sensitive point: Demands defined in calculation setup. (62) 815,435 967,349 40.0 2.0 3.0 34.5 BJ 6.0 44.9 BJ 9.0 45.3 BK Noise sensitive point: Demands defined in calculation setup. (63) 825,813 973,395 32.4 2.0 3.0 35.6 BK 6.0 46.0 BK 9.0 46.3 BL Noise sensitive point: Demands defined in calculation setup. (64) 820,050 975,525 58.1 2.0 3.0 37.4 BL 6.0 47.7 BL 9.0 48.1 BM Noise sensitive point: Demands defined in calculation setup. (65) 828,916 979,011 31.5 2.0 3.0 31.6 BM 6.0 42.0 BM 9.0 42.4 BN Noise sensitive point: Demands defined in calculation setup. (66) 824,712 973,083 36.6 2.0 3.0 30.0 BN 6.0 40.2 BN 9.0 40.7 BO Noise sensitive point: Demands defined in calculation setup. (67) 817,976 983,122 68.0 2.0 3.0 23.6 BO 6.0 34.2 BO 9.0 34.8 BP Noise sensitive point: Demands defined in calculation setup. (68) 815,743 968,892 42.5 2.0 3.0 36.4 BP 6.0 46.8 BP 9.0 47.2 BQ Noise sensitive point: Demands defined in calculation setup. (69) 813,237 967,795 27.0 2.0 3.0 37.7 BQ 6.0 48.0 BQ 9.0 48.4 BR Noise sensitive point: Demands defined in calculation setup. (70) 814,941 972,820 41.9 2.0 3.0 37.7 BR 6.0 48.1 BR 9.0 48.5 BS Noise sensitive point: Demands defined in calculation setup. (71) 816,842 971,571 52.3 2.0 3.0 32.9 BS 6.0 43.2 BS 9.0 43.6 BT Noise sensitive point: Demands defined in calculation setup. (72) 817,524 971,898 55.7 2.0 3.0 34.1 BT 6.0 44.4 BT 9.0 44.8 BU Noise sensitive point: Demands defined in calculation setup. (73) 825,304 970,462 35.3 2.0 3.0 30.4 BU 6.0 41.0 BU 9.0 41.5 BV Noise sensitive point: Demands defined in calculation setup. (74) 825,064 971,430 35.7 2.0 3.0 30.3 BV 6.0 40.7 BV 9.0 41.1 BW Noise sensitive point: Demands defined in calculation setup. (75) 824,594 988,877 57.0 2.0 3.0 37.5 BW 6.0 47.9 BW 9.0 48.2 BX Noise sensitive point: Demands defined in calculation setup. (76) 818,069 976,815 62.6 2.0 3.0 35.4 BX 6.0 45.8 BX 9.0 46.1 N1 Noise sensitive point: Demands defined in calculation setup. (77) 818,295 976,926 63.8 2.0 3.0 32.6 N1 6.0 43.1 To be continued on next page... windPRO 3.2.732 by EMD International A/S, Tel. + 45 96 35 44 44, www.emd.dk, [email protected] 01-04-2019 15:01 / 6 windPRO Project: Licensed user: Engie_TN ERM I ndia Private Limited Building 10, 4th Floor, Tower A, DLF Cyber City IN-122002 Gurgaon + 91 124 4170300 Naval Chaudhary / [email protected] Calculated: 27-03-2019 18:00/3.2.732 NORD2000 - Main Result Calculation: Noise - Night time ...continued from previous page Noise sensitive area Sound level No. Name Easting Northing Z Imission height Wind speed From WTGs [m] [m] [m/s] [dB(A)] N1 9.0 43.5 N2 Noise sensitive point: Demands defined in calculation setup. (78) 821,945 980,420 51.8 2.0 3.0 31.1 N2 6.0 41.6 N2 9.0 42.1 N3 Noise sensitive point: Demands defined in calculation setup. (79) 813,937 976,692 44.3 2.0 3.0 30.9 N3 6.0 41.3 N3 9.0 41.7 windPRO 3.2.732 by EMD International A/S, Tel. + 45 96 35 44 44, www.emd.dk, [email protected] 01-04-2019 15:01 / 7 windPRO APPENDIX E ENVIRONEMNTAL MONITORING REPORTS www.erm.com Version: 0.2 Project No.: 0441037 Client: Vivid Solaire Energy Private Limited (ENGIE Group) 23 March 2020 TEST REPORT SAMPLE CODE NO. : EWW1807-027-01 REPORT DATE : 06.08.2018 REPORT NO. : EAR1807-027 SAMPLE DRAWN BY : Field Chemist COMPANY NAME & ADDRESS ERM INDIA PVT. LTD,[Primary Baseline Data Collection, Tamilnadu ENGIE : 250MW Project] 4th Floor, Building 10, Tower A, DLF Cyber City, Gurgaon-122 02. SAMPLE MARK : GW1-Poovani Village Bore Water QUANTITY OF SAMPLE REC’D : 1*2 Ltrs SAMPLING METHOD : IS 3025 Part-I SAMPLE COLLECTED ON : 12.07.2018 SAMPLE RECIEVED ON : 16.07.2018 TEST COMMENCED ON : 16.07.2018 TEST COMPLETED ON : 04.08.2018 S. Parameters Test Method Resullt Permissible Unit No Limit as per IS 10500:2012 1. pH @ 25°C APHA 23rd Edition 2017, 4500 H+ B 7.86 6.5-8.5 --- 2. Color APHA 23rd Edition 2017, 2120 B 1 15 Hazen 3. Temperature IS 3025 32.6 --- ºC 4. Total Dissolved Solids APHA 23rd Edition 2017, 2540 C 816 2000 mg/L 5. Total Suspended Solids APHA 23rd Edition 2017, 2540 D 6.2 --- mg/L 6. Turbidity APHA 23rd Edition 2017, 2310 B BDL [DL-1.0] 5 NTU 7. Total Hardness as CaCO3 APHA 23rd Edition 2017, 2340 C 536 600 mg/L 8. Calcium as Ca APHA 23rd Edition 2017, 3500 Ca B 132.8 200 mg/L 9. Magnesium as Mg By Calculation 49.57 100 mg/L 10. Phenolphthalein APHA 23rd Edition 2017, 2320 B Nil --- mg/L Alkalinity 11. Total Alkalinity as CaCO3 APHA 23rd Edition 2017, 2320 B 160 600 mg/L 12. Chloride as Cl APHA 23rd Edition 2017, 4500 Cl- B 153.14 1000 mg/L 13. Iron as Fe APHA 23rd Edition 2017, 3500 Fe B BDL [DL-0.01] 0.3 mg/L 14. Sulphate as SO4 APHA 23rd Edition 2017,4500 SO4 E 139.40 400 mg/L Verified by: (S.Bhuvaneswari) For Eau Chemical (Mfg) Pvt. Ltd Authorized signatory D.Janagiraman-Tech.Manager Page 1 of 2 S.No Parameters Test Method Result Permissible Unit Limit as per IS 10500:2012 15. Nitrate as NO3 IS 1622:1981 RA 2014 BDL [DL-0.1] 45 mg/L 16. Dissolved Oxygen IS 3025(Part 38)-1989 6.1 --- 17. Chemical Oxygen APHA 23rd Edition 2017, 5220 B BDL[DL:4.0] --- mg/L Demand 18. Biochemical Oxygen APHA 23rd Edition 2017, 5210 B BDL[DL:2.0] --- mg/L Demand 19. Fluorides F- APHA 23rd Edition 2017, 4500 F- D BDL[DL:0.1] 1.5 mg/L 20. Phenolic Compounds APHA 23rd Edition 2017, 5530 D BDL[DL:0.1] 0.002 mg/L 21. Total Nitrogen IS 3025 (Part 34) 1988 (RA 2003) BDL[DL:1.0] --- mg/L 22. Oil & Grease APHA 23rd Edition 2017, 5520 B BDL[DL:1.0] --- mg/L 23. Sodium APHA 23rd Edition 2017, 3111 B 238.68 --- mg/L 24. Potassiuum APHA 23rd Edition 2017, 3111 B 24.21 --- mg/L 25. Phosphate as PO4 APHA 23rd Edition 2017, 4500 P D BDL [DL-0.05] --- mg/L Microbiological Test: S.No Parameters Test Method Result Unit 1. Total Coliform IS 1622:1981 RA 2014 130 MPN/100 ml 2. Faecal Coliform IS 1622:1981 RA 2014 17 MPN/100 ml Note: BDL:-Below Detection Limit; DL:-Detection Limit MPN:-Most Probable Number Verified by: (S.Bhuvaneswari) For Eau Chemical (Mfg) Pvt. Ltd Authorized signatory D.Janagiraman-Tech.Manageer NOTE : 1. The test results relate only to the items testedd. 2. The test report shall not be reprooduced anywhere except in full and in the same format without the permission of the laboratory. 3. Unless informed by customer, the test items will not be retained for more than 7 days from the date of issue of the test report. ***End of Report*** Page 2 of 2 TEST REPORT SAMPLE CODE NO. : EWW1807-027-02 REPORT DATE : 06.08.2018 REPORT NO. : EAR1807-027 SAMPLE DRAWN BY : Field Chemist COMPANY NAME & ADDRESS ERM INDIA PVT. LTD,[Primary Baseline Data Collection, Tamilnadu ENGIE : 250MW Project] 4th Floor, Building 10, Tower A, DLF Cyber City, Gurgaon-122 02. SAMPLE MARK : GW2-Chavalaperi Village Well Water QUANTITY OF SAMPLE REC’D : 1*2 Ltrs SAMPLING METHOD : IS 3025 Part-I SAMPLE COLLECTED ON : 12.07.2018 SAMPLE RECIEVED ON : 16.07.2018 TEST COMMENCED ON : 16.07.2018 TEST COMPLETED ON : 04.08.2018 S. Parameters Test Method Resullt Permissible Unit No Limit as per IS 10500:2012 1. pH @ 25°C APHA 23rd Edition 2017, 4500 H+ B 7.98 6.5-8.5 --- 2. Color APHA 23rd Edition 2017, 2120 B 1 15 Hazen 3. Temperature IS 3025 29.2 --- ºC 4. Total Dissolved Solids APHA 23rd Edition 2017, 2540 C 1244 2000 mg/L 5. Total Suspended Solids APHA 23rd Edition 2017, 2540 D 7.6 --- mg/L 6. Turbidity APHA 23rd Edition 2017, 2310 B 1.7 5 NTU 7. Total Hardness as CaCO3 APHA 23rd Edition 2017, 2340 C 550 600 mg/L 8. Calcium as Ca APHA 23rd Edition 2017, 3500 Ca B 139.2 200 mg/L 9. Magnesium as Mg By Calculation 49.09 100 mg/L 10. Phenolphthalein APHA 23rd Edition 2017, 2320 B Nil --- mg/L Alkalinity 11. Total Alkalinity as CaCO3 APHA 23rd Edition 2017, 2320 B 150 600 mg/L 12. Chloride as Cl APHA 23rd Edition 2017, 4500 Cl- B 163.07 1000 mg/L 13. Iron as Fe APHA 23rd Edition 2017, 3500 Fe B B DL [DL-0.01] 0.3 mg/L 14. Sulphate as SO4 APHA 23rd Edition 2017,4500 SO4 E 411.29 400 mg/L Verified by: (S.Bhuvaneswari) For Eau Chemical (Mfg) Pvt. Ltd Authorized signatory D.Janagiraman-Tech.Manager Page 1 of 2 S.No Parameters Test Method Result Permissible Unit Limit as per IS 10500:2012 16. Nitrate as NO3 IS 1622:1981 RA 2014 BDL [DL-0.1] 45 mg/L 17. Dissolved Oxygen IS 3025(Part 38)-1989 6.3 --- 18. Chemical Oxygen APHA 23rd Edition 2017, 5220 B BDL[DL:4.0] --- mg/L Demand 19. Biochemical Oxygen APHA 23rd Edition 2017, 5210 B BDL[DL:2.0] --- mg/L Demand 20. Fluorides F- APHA 23rd Edition 2017, 4500 F- D BDL[DL:0.1] 1.5 mg/L 21. Phenolic Compounds APHA 23rd Edition 2017, 5530 D BDL[DL:0.1] 0.002 mg/L 23. Total Nitrogen IS 3025 (Part 34) 1988 (RA 2003) BDL[DL:1.0] --- mg/L 24. Oil & Grease APHA 23rd Edition 2017, 5520 B BDL[DL:1.0] --- mg/L 25. Sodium APHA 23rd Edition 2017, 3111 B 491.34 --- mg/L 26. Potassiuum APHA 23rd Edition 2017, 3111 B 4.8668 --- mg/L 27. Phosphate as PO4 APHA 23rd Edition 2017, 4500 P D BDL [DL-0.05] --- mg/L Microbiological Test: S.No Parameters Test Method Result Unit 1. Total Coliform IS 1622:1981 RA 2014 50 MPN/100 ml 2. Faecal Coliform IS 1622:1981 RA 2014 4 MPN/100 ml Note: BDL:-Below Detection Limit; DL:-Detection Limit MPN:-Most Probable Number Verified by: (S.Bhuvaneswari) For Eau Chemical (Mfg) Pvt. Ltd Authorized signatory D.Janagiraman-Tech.Manageer NOTE : 1. The test results relate only to the items tested. 2. The test report shall not be reprooduced anywhere except in full and in the same format without the permission of the laboratory. 3. Unless informed by customer, the test items will not be retained for more than 7 days from the date of issue of the test report. ***End of Report*** Page 2 of 2 TEST REPORT SAMPLE CODE NO. : EN1807-027-01 REPORT DATE : 06.08.2018 REPORT NO. : EAR1807-027 SAMPLE DRAWN BY : Field Chemist COMPANY NAME & ADDRESS ERM INDIA PVT. LTD,[Primary Baseline Data Collection, Tamilnadu ENGIE : 250MW Project] 4th Floor, Building 10, Tower A, DLF Cyber City, Gurgaon-122 02. SAMPLE MARK : NOISE LEVEL DATA SAMPLING METHOD : INSTRUMENT MANUUAL DATE OF MONITORING : 11.07.2018 Level in dB(A) Location Name N1-Poovani Village Time Min Max Leq 6.00-7.00 am 41.1 55.7 49.7 7.00-8.00 am 39.6 55.3 49.2 8.00-9.00 am 38.7 55.6 49.2 9.00-10.00 am 39.5 54.8 48.6 10.00-11.00 am 40.9 58.9 51.6 11.00-12.00 am 41.2 55.6 50.6 12.00-1.00 pm 41.1 55.6 50 1.00-2.00 pm 38.0 55.3 47.5 2.00-3.00 pm 38.2 55.2 47.0 3.00-4.00 pm 38.2 55.9 49.2 4.00-5.00 pm 38.7 55.9 48.7 5.00-6.00 pm 40.3 55.9 49.5 6.00-7.00 pm 41.3 55.5 50.1 7.00-8.00 pm 46.9 53.8 50.6 8.00-9.00 pm 38.7 55.8 48.6 9.00-10.00 pm 44.5 59.4 51.6 Verified by: (S.Bhuvaneswari) For Eau Chemical (Mfg) Pvt. Ltd Authorized signatory D.Janagiraman-Tech.Manager Page 1 of 2 10.00-11.00 pm 38.1 47.7 44.4 11.00-12.00 pm 38.8 47.9 45.4 12.00-1.00 am 39.5 46.9 44.5 1.00-2.00 am 40.1 47.4 44.1 2.00-3.00 am 39.2 46.3 42.4 3.00-4.00 am 37.4 46.7 42.8 4.00-5.00 am 39.5 46.5 44 5.00-6.00 am 40.1 46.8 44.2 Day Equivalent 38.0 59..4 49.6 Night Equivalent 37.4 47..9 44.1 Day & Night Equivalent 37.4 59..4 48.4 Verified by: (S.Bhuvaneswari) For Eau Chemical (Mfg) Pvt. Ltd Authorized signatory D.Janaagiraman-Tech.Manager NOTE : 1. The test results relate only to the items tested. 2. The test report shall not be reproduced anywhere except in fulll and in the same format without the permission of the laboratory. 3. Unless informed by customer, the test items will not be retained for more than 7 days froom the date of issue of the test report. ***End of Report*** Page 2 of 2 TEST REPORT SAMPLE CODE NO. : EN1807-027-02 REPORT DATE : 06.08.2018 REPORT NO. : EAR1807-027 SAMPLE DRAWN BY : Field Chemist COMPANY NAME & ADDRESS ERM INDIA PVT. LTD,[Primary Baseline Data Collection, Tamilnadu ENGIE : 250MW Project] 4th Floor, Building 10, Tower A, DLF Cyber City, Gurgaon-122 02. SAMPLE MARK : NOISE LEVEL DATA SAMPLING METHOD : INSTRUMENT MANUUAL DATE OF MONITORING : 12.07.2018 Level in dB(A) Location Name N2-Paraikuttam Village Time Min Max Leq 6.00-7.00 am 44.7 62.4 52.5 7.00-8.00 am 50.1 69.2 57.9 8.00-9.00 am 48.7 62.9 56.7 9.00-10.00 am 50.2 62.4 55.4 10.00-11.00 am 50.0 66.2 57.4 11.00-12.00 am 49.2 65.1 55.3 12.00-1.00 pm 50.0 62.6 55.6 1.00-2.00 pm 50.9 63.1 57.8 2.00-3.00 pm 48.4 60.3 54.5 3.00-4.00 pm 48.2 61.2 55.0 4.00-5.00 pm 50.4 64.0 56.3 5.00-6.00 pm 50.9 60.7 55.3 6.00-7.00 pm 50.8 72.1 59.8 7.00-8.00 pm 49.7 61.7 55.6 8.00-9.00 pm 49.1 64.8 53.9 9.00-10.00 pm 47.5 62.1 54.0 Verified by: (S.Bhuvaneswari) For Eau Chemical (Mfg) Pvt. Ltd Authorized signatory D.Janagiraman-Tech.Manager Page 1 of 2 10.00-11.00 pm 44.2 58.4 52.1 11.00-12.00 pm 42.4 59.5 52.0 12.00-1.00 am 41.9 55.5 50.4 1.00-2.00 am 39.1 61.2 50.5 2.00-3.00 am 37.6 58.9 49.8 3.00-4.00 am 39.6 58.4 49.5 4.00-5.00 am 39.6 58.8 50.8 5.00-6.00 am 45.3 60.8 54.5 Day Equivalent 49.5 65.2 56.2 Night Equivalent 41.9 59.2 51.5 Day & Night Equivalent 48.1 64.0 55.1 Verified by: (S.Bhuvaneswari) For Eau Chemical (Mfg) Pvt. Ltd Authorized signatory D.Janaagiraman-Tech.Manager NOTE : 1. The test results relate only to the items tested. 2. The test report shall not be reproduced anywhere except in fulll and in the same format without the permission of the laboratory. 3. Unless informed by customer, the test items will not be retained for more than 7 days froom the date of issue of the test report. ***End of Report*** Page 2 of 2 TEST REPORT SAMPLE CODE NO. : EN1807-027-03 REPORT DATE : 06.08.2018 REPORT NO. : EAR1807-027 SAMPLE DRAWN BY : Field Chemist COMPANY NAME & ADDRESS ERM INDIA PVT. LTD,[Primary Baseline Data Collection, Tamilnadu ENGIE : 250MW Project] 4th Floor, Building 10, Tower A, DLF Cyber City, Gurgaon-122 02. SAMPLE MARK : NOISE LEVEL DATA SAMPLING METHOD : INSTRUMENT MANUUAL DATE OF MONITORING : 12.07.2018 Level in dB(A) Location Name N3-Chavalaperi Village Time Min Max Leq 6.00-7.00 am 35.7 56.4 45.3 7.00-8.00 am 37.2 59.6 51.5 8.00-9.00 am 35.5 60.0 49.0 9.00-10.00 am 36.7 56.4 47.3 10.00-11.00 am 33.0 57.9 47.4 11.00-12.00 am 37.3 61.7 51.8 12.00-1.00 pm 40.2 62.2 52.0 1.00-2.00 pm 39.3 65.3 53.7 2.00-3.00 pm 37.4 63.8 52.4 3.00-4.00 pm 37.5 61.3 49.9 4.00-5.00 pm 40.4 63.1 54.9 5.00-6.00 pm 37.6 65.5 57.9 6.00-7.00 pm 33.9 65.8 54.1 7.00-8.00 pm 38.8 59.0 50.0 8.00-9.00 pm 38.7 60.3 47.6 9.00-10.00 pm 38.9 64.3 49.3 Verified by: (S.Bhuvaneswari) For Eau Chemical (Mfg) Pvt. Ltd Authorized signatory D.Janagiraman-Tech.Manager Page 1 of 2 10.00-11.00 pm 32.2 53.6 44 11.00-12.00 pm 31.3 38.3 33.0 12.00-1.00 am 30.1 53.7 46.6 1.00-2.00 am 36.9 56.6 47.1 2.00-3.00 am 33.4 48.4 39.4 3.00-4.00 am 33.0 48.6 38.5 4.00-5.00 am 31.8 46.9 38.5 5.00-6.00 am 31.1 58.1 47.7 Day Equivalent 33 65.8 52.1 Night Equivalent 30.1 58.1 44.1 Day & Night Equivalent 30.1 65.8 50.7 NOTE : 1. The test results relate only to the items tested. 2. The test report shall not be reproduced anywhere except in fulll and in the same format without the permission of the laboratory. 3. Unless informed by customer, the test items will not be retained for more than 7 days froom the date of issue of the test report. ***End of Report*** Page 2 of 2 TRAFFIC SURVEY REPORT Location Varatharajapuram to Melapandiyapuram Direction Towards Melapandiyapuram Date of Survey 11.07.2018 Time Buses Trucks Motor Tractor & LCV Car/ Auto Full Mini/Van 2 Axle Multi Axle Vehicle Trailor Jeep 6.00-7.00 am 7 2 1 3 7.00-8.00 am 11 2 2 8.00-9.00 am 1 6 2 1 6 9.00-10.00 am 7 1 1 1 3 10.00-11.00 am 11 2 1 1 11.00-12.00 am 9 1 1 12.00-1.00 pm 6 1 1.00-2.00 pm 4 2 2.00-3.00 pm 7 1 1 1 3.00-4.00 pm 3 1 1 4.00-5.00 pm 6 1 1 2 5.00-6.00 pm 9 1 1 6.00-7.00 pm 5 1 3 7.00-8.00 pm 10 1 4 8.00-9.00 pm 6 1 2 9.00-10.00 pm 4 1 1 1 10.00-11.00 pm 2 1 11.00-12.00 pm 1 1 12.00-1.00 am 1.00-2.00 am 2.00-3.00 am 3.00-4.00 am 1 4.00-5.00 am 1 3 1 2 5.00-6.00 am 4 1 1 4 Total 1 2 121 3 13 14 40 Verified by: (S.Bhuvaneswari) For Eau Chemical (Mfg) Pvt. Ltd Authorized signatory D.Janagiraman-Tech.Manager NOTE : 1. The test results relate only to the items tested. 2. The test report shall not be reproduced anywhere except in fulll and in the same format without the permission of the laboratory. 3. Unless informed by customer, the test items will not be retained for more than 7 days froom the date of issue of the test report. ***End of Report*** Page 1 of 1 TRAFFIC SURVEY REPORT Location Melapandiyapuram to Varatharajapuram Direction Towards Varatharajapuram Date of Survey 12.07.2018 Time Buses Trucks Motor Tractor & LCV Car/ Auto Full Mini/Van 2 Axle Multi Axle Vehicle Trailor Jeep 6.00-7.00 am 1 13 1 1 2 4 7.00-8.00 am 1 16 2 8.00-9.00 am 9 1 1 4 9.00-10.00 am 6 1 1 6 10.00-11.00 am 11 2 1 2 11.00-12.00 am 9 1 1 12.00-1.00 pm 6 1 1.00-2.00 pm 4 2 2.00-3.00 pm 7 1 1 1 3.00-4.00 pm 3 1 1 4.00-5.00 pm 6 1 1 2 5.00-6.00 pm 9 1 1 6.00-7.00 pm 5 1 3 7.00-8.00 pm 10 1 4 8.00-9.00 pm 6 1 2 9.00-10.00 pm 4 1 1 1 10.00-11.00 pm 2 1 11.00-12.00 pm 1 12.00-1.00 am 1.00-2.00 am 2.00-3.00 am 3.00-4.00 am 1 4.00-5.00 am 1 2 2 5.00-6.00 am 5 1 1 3 Total 1 2 134 3 13 11 42 Verified by: (S.Bhuvaneswari) For Eau Chemical (Mfg) Pvt. Ltd Authorized signatory D.Janagiraman-Tech.Manager NOTE : 1. The test results relate only to the items tested. 2. The test report shall not be reproduced anywhere except in fulll and in the same format without the permission of the laboratory. 3. Unless informed by customer, the test items will not be retained for more than 7 days froom the date of issue of the test report. ***End of Report*** Page 1 of 1 TRAFFIC SURVEY REPORT Location Maniyatchi to Kilapoovani Direction Towards Kilapoovani Date of Survey 11.07.2018 Time Buses Trucks Motor Tractor & LCV Car/ Auto Full Mini/Van 2 Axle Multi Axle Vehicle Trailor Jeep 6.00-7.00 am 6 1 7.00-8.00 am 9 1 1 2 8.00-9.00 am 7 1 9.00-10.00 am 4 1 10.00-11.00 am 1 3 11.00-12.00 am 3 1 12.00-1.00 pm 4 1 2 1 1.00-2.00 pm 4 1 2 2 2.00-3.00 pm 4 1 1 3.00-4.00 pm 2 4.00-5.00 pm 3 1 5.00-6.00 pm 4 1 6.00-7.00 pm 9 1 1 7.00-8.00 pm 5 1 1 8.00-9.00 pm 1 4 1 9.00-10.00 pm 2 1 10.00-11.00 pm 1 11.00-12.00 pm 12.00-1.00 am 1.00-2.00 am 2.00-3.00 am 3.00-4.00 am 4.00-5.00 am 5.00-6.00 am 2 Total 2 74 1 5 13 10 Verified by: (S.Bhuvaneswari) For Eau Chemical (Mfg) Pvt. Ltd Authorized signatory D.Janagiraman-Tech.Manager NOTE : 1. The test results relate only to the items tested. 2. The test report shall not be reproduced anywhere except in fulll and in the same format without the permission of the laboratory. 3. Unless informed by customer, the test items will not be retained for more than 7 days froom the date of issue of the test report. ***End of Report*** Page 1 of 1 TRAFFIC SURVEY REPORT Location Kilapoovani to Maniyatchi Direction Towards Maniyatchi Date of Survey 12.07.2018 Time Buses Trucks Motor Tractor & LCV Car/ Auto Full Mini/Van 2 Axle Multi Axle Vehicle Trailor Jeep 6.00-7.00 am 7 1 2 7.00-8.00 am 1 13 1 3 8.00-9.00 am 8 1 9.00-10.00 am 5 1 10.00-11.00 am 5 1 11.00-12.00 am 2 1 12.00-1.00 pm 5 1 1 1.00-2.00 pm 4 1 1 1 2.00-3.00 pm 1 2 1 3.00-4.00 pm 2 4.00-5.00 pm 4 1 1 5.00-6.00 pm 9 1 6.00-7.00 pm 4 1 7.00-8.00 pm 4 8.00-9.00 pm 2 1 9.00-10.00 pm 3 10.00-11.00 pm 1 11.00-12.00 pm 12.00-1.00 am 1.00-2.00 am 2.00-3.00 am 3.00-4.00 am 4.00-5.00 am 5.00-6.00 am 2 Total 1 1 82 8 5 9 Verified by: (S.Bhuvaneswari) For Eau Chemical (Mfg) Pvt. Ltd Authorized signatory D.Janagiraman-Tech.Manager NOTE : 1. The test results relate only to the items tested. 2. The test report shall not be reproduced anywhere except in fulll and in the same format without the permission of the laboratory. 3. Unless informed by customer, the test items will not be retained for more than 7 days froom the date of issue of the test report. ***End of Report*** Page 1 of 1 APPENDIX F ENHANCED QUALITY PROJECT MAPS www.erm.com Version: 0.2 Project No.: 0441037 Client: Vivid Solaire Energy Private Limited (ENGIE Group) 23 March 2020 ERM has over 160 offices across the following countries and territories worldwide Argentina New Zealand ERM India Private Limited Australia Panama Building 10A, 4th Floor Belgium Peru DLF Cyber City Brazil Poland Gurgaon – 122002 Canada Portugal NCR China Puerto Rico Colombia Romania T: +91 124 4170300 France Russia F: +91 124 4170301 Germany Singapore Hong Kong South Africa www.erm.com Hungary South Korea India Spain Indonesia Sweden Ireland Taiwan Italy Thailand Japan UAE Kazakhstan UK Kenya US Malaysia Vietnam Mexico The Netherlands The business of sustainability