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A Statistical Analysis of Mountaineering in the Nepal Himalaya
The Himalaya by the Numbers A Statistical Analysis of Mountaineering in the Nepal Himalaya Richard Salisbury Elizabeth Hawley September 2007 Cover Photo: Annapurna South Face at sunrise (Richard Salisbury) © Copyright 2007 by Richard Salisbury and Elizabeth Hawley No portion of this book may be reproduced and/or redistributed without the written permission of the authors. 2 Contents Introduction . .5 Analysis of Climbing Activity . 9 Yearly Activity . 9 Regional Activity . .18 Seasonal Activity . .25 Activity by Age and Gender . 33 Activity by Citizenship . 33 Team Composition . 34 Expedition Results . 36 Ascent Analysis . 41 Ascents by Altitude Range . .41 Popular Peaks by Altitude Range . .43 Ascents by Climbing Season . .46 Ascents by Expedition Years . .50 Ascents by Age Groups . 55 Ascents by Citizenship . 60 Ascents by Gender . 62 Ascents by Team Composition . 66 Average Expedition Duration and Days to Summit . .70 Oxygen and the 8000ers . .76 Death Analysis . 81 Deaths by Peak Altitude Ranges . 81 Deaths on Popular Peaks . 84 Deadliest Peaks for Members . 86 Deadliest Peaks for Hired Personnel . 89 Deaths by Geographical Regions . .92 Deaths by Climbing Season . 93 Altitudes of Death . 96 Causes of Death . 97 Avalanche Deaths . 102 Deaths by Falling . 110 Deaths by Physiological Causes . .116 Deaths by Age Groups . 118 Deaths by Expedition Years . .120 Deaths by Citizenship . 121 Deaths by Gender . 123 Deaths by Team Composition . .125 Major Accidents . .129 Appendix A: Peak Summary . .135 Appendix B: Supplemental Charts and Tables . .147 3 4 Introduction The Himalayan Database, published by the American Alpine Club in 2004, is a compilation of records for all expeditions that have climbed in the Nepal Himalaya. -
Saleem New SAARC Secy General Print Edition
Saleem new SAARC secy general Print Edition User Rating: / 0 Rate Poor Best Back Page MONDAY, 05 MARCH 2012 AUTHOR / SOURCE : DIPLOMATIC CORRESPONDENT DHAKA, MAR 4: Ahmed Saleem, former President of Human Rights Commission of the Maldives, is set to become the next Secretary General of the South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC). He will succeed another Maldivian, Fathimath Dhiyana Saeed, who resigned as the Secretary General on January 22 against the backdrop of a conflict with former President Mohamed Nasheed. “The Maldivian government has nominated Ahmed Saleem for the post of SAARC Secretary General and the proposal has been sent to all eight member states for approval,” a senior Foreign Ministry official told The Independent on Sunday. “The member states usually approve such nomination. Bangladesh has already approved the Maldivian government's selection,” he added. Born on May 26, 1949, Saleem joined the Ministry of Foreign Affairs in 1968 and had a distinguished career in the Maldivian Foreign Service (MFS) spanning for 26 years. He also served as the first Director from the Maldives at the SAARC Secretariat in Kathmandu, the capital of Nepal. Saleem was appointed as the President of Human Rights Commission of the Maldives in 2006 and served in that capacity until August, 2010. SAARC Secretary General is appointed for three years from each member state on alphabetical rotation basis. Fathimath, the first ever female SAARC Secretary General, assumed office on March 1, 2011 and her tenure was supposed to end on February 28, 2014. Since Fathimath resigned before the end of tenure, the Maldivian government had to select Saleem for the remainder of the tree-year term. -
Landmark Deal with Iran
96 / 13 13 December 2013 LANDMARK DEAL WITH IRAN AMB SHEEL KANT SHARMA The writer is a former Ambassador of India to Austria & Permanent Representative to UN Office in Vienna & IAEA. Foreign Ministers of Iran and the P5 + 1 i.e. US, a comprehensive agreement ensuring exclusively France, UK, China, Russia and Germany, concluded a peaceful nuclear programme in Iran and lifting of all ground breaking deal about Iranian nuclear program UN Security Council and other US and EU sanctions last month imbued with an extraordinary potential on Iran. That goal will be reached by a reciprocal, and immense impact even in the short term. It was step-by-step process, fully transparent to the the result of arduous negotiations stretching over the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) current year, buttressed with bilateral contacts on inspections, involving stopping, curtailing, and partial the sidelines of formal sessions that go back even 2- dismantling of Iran’s existing and planned uranium 3 years. The concluding round in Geneva took long enrichment and plutonium production capacity, and intense work which continued until early facilities and activities as also conversion and dilution morning of November 24. The Iranian foreign of existing stocks of enriched uranium with effective minister Javad Zarif tweeted at safeguards against its military the end that “there was white The interim first steps will be taken use potential. Iran will be smoke” invoking the Vatican’s enabled to enjoy right to within six months and essentially code to announce new Pope’s peaceful uses of nuclear involve Iran ceasing enrichment of election. -
11Th SOUTH ASIAN MANAGEMENT FORUM (SAMF) 16 - 17 May 2011 at Kathmandu, Nepal
11th SOUTH ASIAN MANAGEMENT FORUM (SAMF) 16 - 17 May 2011 at Kathmandu, Nepal The 11th South Asian Management Forum (SAMF), AMDISA’s biennial flagship Conference was held from 16th to 17th of May, 2011 at Kathmandu, Nepal. The Conference, organized by AMDISA, was hosted by Nepal Administrative Staff College (NASC), Kathmandu, Nepal. The theme of the Conference was “Managing Change for Sustainable Development in the SAARC Region”. His Excellency Dr Ram Baran Yadav, Hon’ble President of Nepal was the Chief Guest who inaugurated the Conference by lighting the Lamp. His Excellency Mr Yubaraj Karki, Hon’ble Minister for General Administration, Government of Nepal and Her Excellency Fathimath Dhiyana Saeed, Hon’ble Secretary-General, SAARC, were the Guests of Honour who also addressed the Forum. More than 200 participants attended the Conference and about 60 papers were presented in the Forum covering the main theme: Managing Change for Sustainable Development in the SAARC Region. The Sub-themes such as, Macro Level Managing Change; Inter-Country/Regional; People Dimension of Change; Organizational Level Change Management; Technology and Managing Change were presented by the paper subscribers in the 15 technical sessions held during the Conference. NASC brought out a Souvenir including two Key Note Papers and 66 Abstracts. NASC will soon be bringing out the Forum’s Proceedings in the form of a Book comprising selected papers presented in the Conference. For this purpose, an Editorial Board has been constituted by NASC involving AMDISA to select the quality papers involving AMDISA and NASC for publication in the Proceedings. Prof. Y K Bhushan, Vice Chancellor, ICFAI University Meghalaya, Shillong & Senior Advisor, ICFAI Business School – Mumbai, has been nominated by President-AMDISA to represent AMDISA in the Editorial Board for quality evaluation of the papers. -
Building Bridges and Promoting People to People Interaction in South Asia
Building Bridges and Promoting People to People Interaction in South Asia EDITORS Nishchal N. Pandey Kumar Shrestha 2012 I Published by Centre for South Asian Studies, Kathmandu www.csas.org.np ©Publisher Year of Publication 2012 ISBN 978-9973-2-5165-6 Printed at Jagadamba Press Hattiban Lalitpur, 5250017-19 Email: [email protected] II PREFACE This publication is an outcome of a regional conference on “Building Bridges and Promoting People to People Interaction in South Asia” jointly organized in Kathmandu by the Centre for South Asian Studies (CSAS), the Global Partnership for the Prevention of Armed Confl ict (GPPAC) and the Regional Centre for Strategic Studies (RCSS) in October 2011. South Asia is one of the least connected regions. Political and security cruxes have for long impacted on regional cooperation endeavors even as trade, connectivity and travel have become helpless victims in the face of bilateral problems. Despite these hurdles, the civil society of South Asia has continued not only to advocate for peace and amity in the region, but also to recommend measures to strengthen SAARC, taking cue from the success story of ASEAN and the European Union. The South Asian civil society is a robust and enthusiastic group of people from every profession that has time and again demanded that SAARC must become a fl exible alliance that is effective and effi cient. While SAARC is an inter- governmental association, successive Summits have emphasized on the importance of promoting people-to-people contacts at all levels outside the State sector. The community of academics, CSOs, women leaders, NGO representatives and media persons that participated in this roundtable turned out to be an illustrious community with shared values championing peace, freedom and greater economic integration. -
Rule of Law and Constitution Building
Rule of Law and Constitution Building The Role of Regional Organizations Rule of Law and Constitution Building The Role of Regional Organizations Contributors: Sumit Bisarya Amanda Cats-Baril Sujit Choudhry Raul Cordenillo Nora Hedling Michelle Staggs Kelsall Lorraine Kershaw Kristen Sample Christoph Sperfeldt George Mukundi Wachira Hesham Youssef The Department of Legal Cooperation, Secretariat for Legal Affairs, Organization of American States Editors: Raul Cordenillo Kristen Sample International IDEA © International Institute for Democracy and Electoral Assistance 2014 International IDEA Strömsborg, SE-103 34, STOCKHOLM, SWEDEN Tel: +46 8 698 37 00, fax: +46 8 20 24 22 E-mail: [email protected], website: www.idea.int The electronic version of this publication is available under a Creative Commons Licence (CCl) – Creative Commons Attribute-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Licence. You are free to copy, distribute and transmit the publication as well as to remix and adapt it provided it is only for non-commercial purposes, that you appropriately attribute the publication, and that you distribute it under an identical licence. For more information on this CCl, see: <http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/>. International IDEA publications are independent of specific national or political interests. Views expressed in this publication do not necessarily represent the views of International IDEA, its Board or its Council members. Graphic design by: Turbo Design, Ramallah Cover photo: © Artist: faith47, photographer: Rowan Pybus Printed in Sweden ISBN: 978-91-87729-63-8 Foreword The past few years have seen remarkable social movements for democratic change emerge around the world. They have demanded greater justice and dignity, more transparent political processes, a fair share of political power and an end to corruption. -
Nuclear Deterrence to a Nuclear Weapons Free World
Moving Beyond Nuclear Deterrence to a Nuclear Weapons Free World ISSUE NO. 2, 2013 Nuclear Abolition Forum Dialogue on the Process to Achieve and Sustain a Nuclear Weapons Free World The Nuclear Abolition Forum strives to foster debate on key legal, technical, institutional and political elements for achieving the prohibition and elimination of nuclear weapons under a Nuclear Weapons Convention or package of agreements, as well as the process to achieving this. To this end, the Forum offers a dedicated website and a periodical to facilitate dialogue between academics, governments, disarmament experts and NGOs on such elements. The Forum is a joint project of eight leading organizations on disarmament and nonproliferation issues. For more information about Nuclear Abolition Forum, visit abolitionforum.org. Nuclear Abolition Forum Dialogue on the Process to Achieve and Sustain a Nuclear Weapons Free World C/o World Future Council 100 Pall Mall, SW1Y 5NQ London, United Kingdom Tel.: +44 (0) 20 7321 3810 Fax: +44 (0) 20 7321 3738 Email: [email protected] abolitionforum.org © Nuclear Abolition Forum, April 2013 Cover: “Cat’s Cradle/String Theory” (oil on canvas, 36" x 48"), 2008, by Baila Goldenthal. Design by Jana Jedličková. Moving Beyond Nuclear Deterrence to a Nuclear Weapons Free World Nuclear Abolition Forum · Issue No. 2 CONTRIBUTORS Ward Wilson Christopher Ford Paul Quilès Bruno Tertrais Sheel Kant Sharma Manpreet Sethi Alyn Ware Kiho Yi Hiromishi Umebayashi Nobuyasu Abe Hirofumi Tosaki Bill Kidd John Ainslie Uta Zapf Jonathan Granoff Rob van Riet David Krieger Richard Falk Teresa Bergman GUEST CO-EDITORS Marc Finaud Paul Meyer Manpreet Sethi Alyn Ware EDITOR Rob van Riet Dialogue on the Process to Achieve and Sustain a Nuclear Weapons Free World NUCLEAR ABOLITION FORUM Issue No. -
SPS Annual Report 2014
Contents People 3-3 Projects 4-6 Events 7-8 Social Media Project 9-9 Briefs 9-10 2 Copyright © Society for Policy Studies (SPS) J-1824, Chittaranjan Park, New Delhi E: [email protected] www.spsindia.in SPS People President Tarun Basu Director C. Uday Bhaskar Associate Directors Monish Gulati (Strategic Affairs) Rashmi Saksena (Media) R. Dayakar (Diplomacy) A.L. Narayan ( Defense) Executive Secretary Partha Sarathi Mitra Advisory Board Preet Mohan Singh Malik (Ex-Ambassador and Ex-Spl Secretary, Ministry of External Affairs, India) Sheel Kant Sharma (Ex-Ambassador and Ex-Secretary General, SAARC) Amit Dasgupta (Ex-Ambassador, currently heads Mumbai campus of the S P Jain School of Global Management) Dr Sridhar Krishnaswamy (Head, Departments of Journalism, Mass Communications and International Relations, SRM University, Chennai ) Sudip Mazumdar (Journalist and educator) Om Moondra (Businessman) International Associates Arul Louis (US) Hal Gould (US) Ajit Jain (Canada) Prof Reeta Tremblay (Canada) Rajendra Shende (France) Editorial and Research Team Aniket Bhavthankar – Senior Research Associate Chayanika Saxena -- Research Associate Technical Support Team Sushil Gupta 3 Copyright © Society for Policy Studies (SPS) J-1824, Chittaranjan Park, New Delhi E: [email protected] www.spsindia.in SPS Projects SPS has six flagship projects spanning various domains. There are described in the following paragraphs. SPS Events SPS organizes two kinds of events for the public – SPS Roundtable (RTs) and SPS Lectures. SPS RTs, or roundtable discussions, are centered on contemporary political, economic, strategic, security, foreign policy and social issues. These RTs seek to promote debate and distil ideas on burning issues and policies among policy makers, diplomats, analysts, commentators, journalists, academics and interested members of civil society. -
Proceedings of Meeting of Heads of Institutes/Centres of Forestry Research Related to “Sustainable Forest Management, Climate
Proceedings of Meeting of Heads of Institutes/Centres of Forestry Research Related To “Sustainable Forest Management, Climate Change related to Forestry and Mountain Ecosystems in the SAARC Region” (10 – 11 October 2012) Organized by SAARC Forestry Centre Taba THIMPHU, BHUTAN 1 Contents Background Information ................................................................................................................. 3 SESSION ONE: Stock Taking – Present Status ............................................................................. 9 SESSION TWO: Discussion and Draft Proposal ......................................................................... 10 SESSION THREE:WAY-FORWARD - Proposal on the operationalization of Collaboration and Linkages ........................................................................................................................................ 12 Minutes of Meeting ......................................................................................................................... 6 Annex –I: Programme ................................................................................................................... 13 Annex – I: Presentation by Bangladeah Forest Research Institute, BANGLADESH .............. 16 Annexc – II: Presentation by RNR Research Centre, BHUTAN ................................................. 26 Annex – III: Presentation by Ugyen Wangchuck Institute for Conservation and Environment . 34 Annex –IV: Presentation by Indian Council of Forestry Research and Education, -
Global Nuclear Disarmament: Geopolitical Necessities
Global Nuclear Disarmament Geopolitical Necessities Global Nuclear Disarmament Geopolitical Necessities Editor V .R. Raghavan DELHI POLICY GROUP VIJ BOOKS INDIA PVT LTD Published by Vij Books India Pvt Ltd (Publishers, Distributors & Importers) 2/19, Ansari Road, Darya Ganj New Delhi - 110002 Phones: 91-11-43596460, 91-11-47340674 Fax: 91-11-47340674 www.vijbooks.com e-mail : [email protected] Copyright © 2012, Delhi Policy Group, New Delhi ISBN: 978-93-81411-31-5 Price in India: ` 795/- Price outside India: US $ 39.95 All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, transmitted or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior permission of the copyright owner. Application for such permission should be addressed to the publisher. Printed in India at Narula Printers , New Delhi Table of Contents Introduction vii Pathways to Nuclear Disarmament & Timeline Challenges 1 – Sverre Lodgaard Nuclear Base Camp: The Numbers Conundrum 19 – T. P. Sreenivasan Nuclear Doctrines & Nuclear Disarmament 23 – Bruno Tertrais Role of Nuclear Weapons in NATO’s Strategic Concept 32 – Jacek Bylica Nuclear Doctrines & Military Realities 40 – Prakash Menon No-First Use as a Strategic Doctrine 56 – Swaran Singh Through the Techno-Political Maze of Timeline Challenges 72 – G. Balachandran Geopolitical Conditions Enabling Nuclear Disarmament 82 – Ian Anthony Nuclear Disarmament: Perspectives from the IAEA 98 – Sheel Kant Sharma vi Global Nuclear Disarmament: Geopolitical Necessities China and Nuclear Disarmament 109 – Alexander Kolbin Contributors 132 Introduction The Delhi Policy Group conducted an 18 month project on Pathways to Nuclear Disarmament held between 2010 and 2012. -
1990 Nepal R01769
Date Printed: 11/03/2008 JTS Box Number: lFES 8 Tab Number: 24 Document Title: 1991 Nepalese Elections: A Pre- Election Survey November 1990 Document Date: 1990 Document Country: Nepal lFES ID: R01769 • International Foundation for Electoral Systems 1620 I STREET. NW "SUITE 611 "WASHINGTON. D.c. 20006 "1202) 828·8507 • • • • • Team Members Mr. Lewis R. Macfarlane Professor Rei Shiratori • Dr. Richard Smolka Report Drafted by Lewis R. Macfarlane This report was mcuJe possible by a grant • from the U.S. Agency for International Development Any person or organization is welcome to quote information from this report if it is attributed to IFES. • • BOARD OF Patricia Hutar James M. Cannon Randal C. Teague FAX: 1202) 452{)804 DIRECTORS Secretary Counsel Charles T. Manatt F. Clihon White Robert C. Walker • Chairman Treasurer Richard M. Scammon • • Table of Contents Mission Statement ............................ .............. i • Executive Summary .. .................. ii Glossary of Terms ............... .. iv Historical Backgrmlnd ........................................... 1 History to 1972 ............................................ 1 • Modifications in the Panchayat System ...................... 3 Forces for Change. ........ 4 Transformation: Feburary-April 1990.... .................. 5 The Ouest for a New Constitution. .. 7 The Conduct of Elections in Nepal' Framework and PrQce~lres .... 10 Constitution: Basic Provisions. .................. 10 • The Parliament. .. ................. 10 Electoral Constituency and Delimitation Issues ........... -
Nuclear Deterrence to a Nuclear Weapons Free World
Moving Beyond Nuclear Deterrence to a Nuclear Weapons Free World ISSUE NO. 2, 2013 Moving Beyond Nuclear Deterrence to a Nuclear Weapons Free World Nuclear Abolition Forum · Issue No. 2 CONTRIBUTORS Ward Wilson Christopher Ford Paul Quilès Bruno Tertrais Sheel Kant Sharma Manpreet Sethi Alyn Ware Kiho Yi Hiromishi Umebayashi Nobuyasu Abe Hirofumi Tosaki Bill Kidd John Ainslie Uta Zapf Jonathan Granoff Rob van Riet David Krieger Richard Falk Teresa Bergman GUEST CO-EDITORS Marc Finaud Paul Meyer Manpreet Sethi Alyn Ware EDITOR Rob van Riet Dialogue on the Process to Achieve and Sustain a Nuclear Weapons Free World 46 ||`¬I Nuclear Abolition Forum · Issue No. 2 Nuclear Deterrence and Advocacy for the elimination of nuclear weapons Changing the Framework has not succeeded. One reason is that the debate is of the Debate: framed within a traditional ‘national risk vs. bene- fit’ analysis. The debate poses the question incor- Obtaining National Self Interests by rectly. It presumes that nuclear weapons provide a Advancing Global Public Goods unique benefit to the security of privileged states, whilst also having controllable risks. On the other Jonathan Granoff1 hand, most arms-control advocates argue the risk is too great; that some having the weapons is a stimu- Twenty-first century security challenges are nu- lant for proliferation, and that by accident, design, merous, complex, and, more often than not, inter- or madness a use will occur that will be catastro- connected. At their core, each of these most press- phic. This might be true but this approach to the ing challenges requires cooperation and collective debate has not succeeded.