Natural Man Illumined: Johann Gichtel's Mystical Figures at Ephrata
Natural Man Illumined: Johann Gichtel’s Mystical Figures at Ephrata Nick Siegert Figure 1, [Plate 2] Johann Georg Gichtel: Awakening Man (1696) Prelude Question: What does the figure 1 (above) have in common with figure 2 on the next page?… Up until recently, as far as was known, nothing, but after a recent chance discovery, they actually appear to be the same subject separated by about seventy years. Recently, a new examination of some 82 Figure 2. Jacob Martin: Mystical Figure (1760s?) Image courtesy Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission, Ephrata Cloister. illustrations found in the papers of Jacob Martin, a member of the eighteenth-century Ephrata Community, have turned up some interesting results that may shed more light on the beliefs and world views of the Ephrata Community and one of its more interesting members. 83 Introduction: The Ephrata Community The Ephrata Cloister, now a historic site and museum administered by the Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission, began as a religious communal society (one of America’s earliest), founded by Georg Conrad Beissel on the banks of Cocalico Creek in 1732. Born in Eberbach, Germany, in 1691, Beissel immigrated to Pennsylvania in 1720. Before 1724 he moved into an area drained by the Conestoga River, seeking to live in a small fellowship of hermits. Eventually he became involved with the Brethren, or Dunkers, a group founded in 1708 in Schwarzenau, Germany. In 1724, Beissel was baptized into this new group and became one of their ministers. Beissel emphasized unusual practices, such as worship on the Sabbath and the superiority of celibacy.
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