Grace Williams Don Kehrte Sie Zwischen 1945 Und 1947 Zurück, Bevor Sie Sich Endgültig in Ihren Heimatort Barry Zurückzog, Wo * 19

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Grace Williams Don Kehrte Sie Zwischen 1945 Und 1947 Zurück, Bevor Sie Sich Endgültig in Ihren Heimatort Barry Zurückzog, Wo * 19 Williams, Grace Grace Williams don kehrte sie zwischen 1945 und 1947 zurück, bevor sie sich endgültig in ihren Heimatort Barry zurückzog, wo * 19. Februar 1906 in Barry bei Cardiff (Wales), England sie bis zu ihrem Lebensende im Haus ihrer Eltern lebte. † 10. Februar 1977 in Barry bei Cardiff (Wales), England Biografie Komponistin, Programmiererin (Radio) Grace Williams erblickte am 19. Februar 1906 im walisi- schen Barry das Licht der Welt. Als erstes von drei Kin- „It was a marvellous sensation simply being asked to wri- dern des Lehrerehepaars William Matthew Williams und te something; someone wanting your music. Once I got Rose Emily (geb. Richards) wuchs Williams in einem mu- going on it the music absolutely haunted me... Such was sikinteressierten Haushalt auf. Sie spielte als Kind Trios the elation of having a commission, the ideas flowed free- auf der Violine mit ihrem Vater am Klavier und ihrem ly.“ Bruder Glyn auf dem Violoncello und erkundete die Grammofonsammlung und Musikbibliothek ihres Va- „Es war ein wunderbares Gefühl, einfach gebeten zu wer- ters, die Opernauszüge, Oratorien und Klaviermusik ent- den etwas zu schreiben, dass jemand meine Musik woll- hielt. Ersten Klavierunterricht erhielt sie von Rhyda Jo- te. Sobald ich daran saß, ließ mich die Musik nicht mehr nes (einer Schülerin des Komponisten Henry Walford Da- los… So ein Hochgefühl war es, einen Kompositionsauf- vies). Während ihres letzten Schuljahres begann sie, trag zu haben, dass meine Ideen frei strömten.“ meist am Strand des nahegelegenen Cold Knap, erste Stü- cke zu komponieren. Mit einem Stipendium ging Wil- (A. J. Heward Rees, „Views and Revisions“. In: Welsh liams 1923 zum Musikstudium an das University College Music. Vol. V. Nr. 4. 1976/77. S. 13) Cardiff, wo sie unter David Evans ihr Studium zum Ba- chelor of Music absolvierte. Auf Anraten von Evans setz- Profil te sie ihre Studien am Londoner Royal College of Music Grace Williams wurde von Weggefährten stets als ebenso ab 1926 unter dem bekannten englischen Komponisten bescheidene wie disziplinierte und professionelle Kompo- Ralph Vaughan Williams fort. Dort formte sie mit Elisa- nistin beschrieben. Sie gehörte zwischen 1926 und 1930 beth Maconchy, Dorothy Gow, Imogen Holst und später zu einer bemerkenswerten Gruppe junger Kompositions- auch mit Elisabeth Lutyens einen Zirkel begabter Kompo- studentinnen am Londoner Royal College of Music (Do- nistinnen. Eine besonders enge Freundschaft verband rothy Gow, Imogen Holst, Elisabeth Lutyens, Elizabeth sie mit Maconchy, mit der sie ein ähnlich kreatives Ver- Maconchy), konnte jedoch nach ihrem Studium nur sehr hältnis entwickelte wie ihr Lehrer Vaughan Williams mit begrenzt an die Erfolge und Preise ihrer Studienzeit an- seinem Kollegen Gustav Holst: die beiden trafen und sch- knüpfen. Zerrieben zwischen Nebenjobs als Lehrerin, Ko- rieben sich regelmäßig und zeigten sich gegenseitig ihre pistin und Arrangeurin, Krankheit sowie den Entbehrun- aktuellen Arbeiten. gen des Zweiten Weltkriegs, gelangte Williams nach ih- rer Rückkehr in ihre Heimat Südwales schließlich zu lo- Mit ihrem „Fantasy Quintet“ errang sie 1928 die Zweit- kaler Bekanntheit durch ihre langjährige Arbeit für die platzierung des Cobbett Preises am Royal College of Mu- BBC Wales und ihre von walisischer Musik inspirierten sic (der erste Preis ging an Imogen Holst). Im Sommer Werke, die häufig Auftragswerke für walisische Festivals 1930 wurde Williams, diesmal zweitplatziert hinter Elisa- oder Künstlerinnen und Künstler waren. beth Maconchy, mit dem Octavia-Reisestipendium des Royal College of Music ausgezeichnet, das sie für erwei- Orte und Länder terte Studien bei Egon Wellesz (1885-1974) in Wien nutz- Grace Williams wurde im walisischen Barry geboren und te. Die Monate in Wien beeinflussten Williams, die hier zog zum Studium zunächst nach Cardiff und schließlich begann, sich für die Musik Wagners und Strauss‘ zu be- 1926 nach London, wo sie abgesehen von einem Aufent- geistern. Da Williams es sich später angewöhnte, gele- halt in Wien 1930/31 bis zum Ausbruch des Zweiten gentlich ganze Werkgruppen, die sie nicht für gut erach- Weltkrieges lebte. Während der Kriegsjahre wurde Wil- tete, zu verbrennen, ist kaum nachvollziehbar welche liams mit der Schule, an der sie unterrichtete, zunächst Werke sie unter der Ägide Wellesz‘ schrieb. Erhalten nach Uppingham (Rutland), dann Grantham und schließ- sind einige undatierte Lieder und das erste Werk aus ih- lich Stamford (beide Lincolnshire) evakuiert. Nach Lon- rer Zeit in Cardiff, „To Night“ (dies allerdings nur weil ei- – 1 – Williams, Grace ne Partitur jenseits von Williams‘ Zugriff im Archiv der reten. Dies muss im Kontext der Umstrukturierung der Universität lagerte). In den 1930er Jahren schrieb sie re- BBC im Kriegszustand verstanden werden, die auf ein lativ viel Kammermusik, während diese Gattung in ih- einziges Radioprogramm zurückgefahren wurde und rem reiferen Schaffen eine wesentlich geringere Rolle nun eher tonal-konservative Komponistinnen und Kom- spielen sollte. ponisten wie Williams vor eher modernen wie Maconchy favorisierte. 1931 gelang Williams ein erster Durchbruch: ihre Ouver- türe „Hen Walia“ wurde beim nationalen walisischen Eis- Im Rahmen der Evakuierung der Camden High School tedfodd in Bangor (einem jährlich an wechselnden Orten nach Uppingham in Rutland, Grantham in Lincolnshire stattfindenden nationalen Kultur- und Musikfestival in und schließlich Stamford verbrachte Williams die Kriegs- Wales) vom London Symphony Orchestra aufgeführt jahre in der Provinz, wo sie 1940 ihr vielleicht bekanntes- und live im nationalen Radioprogramm der BBC übertra- tes Werk, „Fantasia on Welsh Nursery Tunes“, schrieb, gen. Auch beim Eistedfodd in Port Talbot im folgenden das bereits am 29. Oktober 1941 zur Übertragung mit Jahr war Williams mit einem Werk, der Suite für Orches- dem BBC Northern Orchestra unter Warwick Braithwai- ter, vertreten, dessen Aufführung ebenfalls übertragen te gelangte und nach mehreren Live-Aufführungen in wurde. den späteren 1940er Jahren von Decca mit dem London Symphony Orchestra unter Mansel Thomas aufgenom- Nach ihrer Rückkehr aus Wien nahm sie Lehrtätigkeiten men wurde. Während des Krieges entstanden unter ande- an zwei Londoner Schulen auf, dem Southlands Training rem außerdem Williams‘ „Symphony no. 1 in the Form of College in Wimbledon Park Side und der Camden School Symphonic Impressions of the Glendower Scene in ‚Hen- for Girls, wo sie gelegentlich die Möglichkeit hatte, mit ih- ry IV Part 1‘“ (1943) und die bis auf den Scherzosatz zu- ren Schülerinnen Opern zu inszenieren. Zu dieser Zeit rückgezogenen „Sea Sketches“ (1944). freundete sich Williams mit dem acht Jahre jüngeren – und bereits wesentlich bekannteren – Benjamin Britten Wie viele britische Komponistinnen und Komponisten an, mit dem sie bis zu seiner Ausreise in die USA im Jahr stürzte auch Grace Williams während der Nachkriegsjah- 1939 enge private und künstlerische Beziehungen pfleg- re in eine tiefe kreative Krise. Die Fortführung des Unter- te. Vor dem Ausbruch des Zweiten Weltkrieges entstan- richts an den Londoner Schulen und fundamentale Zwei- den Williams‘ erste größer besetzten Werke: die bereits fel an ihrem Komponieren bedeuteten für Williams eine erwähnte Ouvertüre „Hen Walia“, „Four Illustrations for starke Doppelbelastung, wie Briefe aus dieser Zeit an ih- the Legend of Rhiannon“ für Orchester (Williams‘ erster re Vertrauten Zenon Sliwinski und Gerald Cockshott bele- Auftrag der BBC Welsh Region, der schließlich aufgrund gen. Nach mehreren Erkrankungen und damit verbunde- von mehreren organisatorischen Änderungen zu Kriegs- nen Krankenhausaufenthalten arbeitete Williams zwi- beginn zur Übertragung durch die B-Sektion des BBC schen September 1946 und Februar 1947 noch für die Symphony Orchestras am 24. Oktober 1939 führte) und Schools Broadcasting Redaktion der BBC in London, be- „Gogonedawg Arglwydd“ für Chor. vor sie schließlich nach Barry zurückkehrte. 1934 bemühte sich Ralph Vaughan Williams erfolgreich 1947 begann sie von Barry aus Musik für Radio, Film um eine weitere Aufführung von „Hen Walia“ im Pro- und Theater zu schreiben, u.a. viele Arrangements von gramm der BBC, die am 16. Januar 1935 unter Charles Volksliedern und „Carols“ für das BBC Schulprogramm Woodhouse übertragen wurde. Williams‘ „Suite for nine „Rhythm and Melody“ sowie „The Merry Minstrel“ von instruments“ entstand dagegen für die kleine Besetzung 1949, inspiriert von Werken wie Prokofjews „Peter und des Western Studio Orchestra der BBC Wales und wurde der Wolf“ oder Brittens „Young Person’s Guide to the Or- in einem Williams‘ Werk gewidmeten 45-minütigen Pro- chestra“. Das einzige vollendete und erhaltene großbe- gramm der BBC Wales am 23. November 1935 zusam- setzte Werk zwischen 1945 und 1954 ist das Violinkon- men mit anderen frühen, jedoch ausnahmslos bereits vor- zert (1949/50). Ab 1950 lehrte Williams am College of her uraufgeführten Werken übertragen. Im Oktober Music and Drama in Cardiff und fand zusätzlich Arbeit 1939, kurz nach Kriegsausbruch, war Williams mit einer als Kopistin ab 1954. Überliefert ist, dass sie am 10. Mai weiteren Übertragung, diesmal der „Four Illustrations 1951, einem ihrer gelegentlichen „days of destruction“ for the Legend of Rhiannon“, im Programm der BBC vert- („Tage der Zerstörung“) alle Musikmanuskripte ver- – 2 – Williams, Grace brannte, die sie für nicht aufführbar hielt. Kürzere Or- ebenso wie die Aufnahme in die Civil List Pension chesterwerke wie „Keel and Anchor“ (1953) oder „Seven (1969). Grace
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