A Forward Look at Electronics
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Copyright©2017 Tokyo Electron Limited, All Right Reserved. Core Semiconductor Technologies Applied technologies 1876 Telephone invented by Graham Bell 1876 1897 Cathode ray tube invented by Karl Ferdinand Braun 1897 1900 Telegraph, telephone, 1900 Two-electrode vacuum tube invented by John Fleming wireless communication Three-electrode vacuum tube invented by Lee De Forest Wireless communication Vacuum tube Television receiver with a cathode ray tube devised technology technology by Russian scientist Boris Rosing 1910 1910 Semiconductor prehistory: Radio broadcasting 1920 Development of electronic circuit 1920 and control technology First radio station starts broadcasting TV broadcasting Radio broadcasting starts in the UK World’s first successful reception of images using a cathode ray tube Radio broadcasting starts in Japan Successful TV transmission experiment between New York and Washington DC Experimental TV broadcasting starts 1930 1930 Demand for durable solid state devices Computer Worlds’ first regular TV broadcasting starts Atanasoff‒Berry computer (ABC) invented in the UK (BBC) Bell Labs Model 1 relay computer introduced 1940 1940 Photovoltaic effect in silicon discovered by Russell Ohl (at Bell Labs) Codebreaking computer Colossus introduced P- and n-type conduction discovered by Jack Scaff Technique to manufacture p- and n-type semiconductors by World’s first general-purpose computer ENIAC completed doping impurities discovered by Henry Theuerer and Jack Scaff Point-contact transistor discovered by Walter Brattain and John Bardeen -
History of Computing in Japan Photo at the Front Cover Hatsubi-Sanpou (発微算法) Book of Calculation Method by Seki Takakazu in 1674
Comments by Akihiko Yamada History of Computing in Japan Photo at the front cover Hatsubi-sanpou (発微算法) Book of calculation method by Seki Takakazu in 1674. © The Academy of Japan Thanks are due to the Academy of Japan and the Information Processing Society of Japan (IPSJ) Computer Museum for providing the photos of early computers used in this publication as illustrations. Comments by Akihiko Yamada History of Computing in Japan Edited by Radomir S. Stanković 2020 Preface Prof. Akihiko Yamada helped me in the work towards the Reprints from Early Days of Information Sciences – On the Contributions of Akira Nakashima to Switching Theory, in all possible ways, to find the related publications, understand the subject and comprehend the circumstance under which the work have been done, until providing the necessary copyright permissions for reprinting. While working together, Prof. Yamada has sent me many comments and explanations about different topics. These comments were very useful and his explanations quite interesting for me. Therefore, I thought they can be interesting also for others, in particular for readers of this volume of Reprints. Thus, I decided to offer them to public notice in the form of this booklet. 7.5.2008 Design and Test in Japan, Guest Editor Akihiko Yamada, IEEE Design & Test , October 1985, 15-16. 1 2 9.5.2008 I got the information about the residence where Akira Nakashima lived in from the daughter of late Yasujiro Shimazu. Yesterday I visited there but I couldn't get any information about his family. Shimazu had been the boss of Nakashima when he worked with NEC. -
The IAS Computer Family Scrapbook
The IAS Computer Family Scrapbook 18 handbuilt AVIDAC computers and BESK 29 production line CYCLONE models from DASK EDB USA, FACOM 201 Sweden, IBM 701 Israel, ILLIAC Australia, JOHNNIAC Japan, MANIAC Denmark MISTIC MUSASINO ORACLE & some cousins ORDVAC ARRA II SARA FERTA SILLIAC GEORGE SMIL MERLIN TRASK R1 WEIZAC by John Deane AUSTRALIAN COMPUTER MUSEUM SOCIETY The IAS Computer Family Scrapbook by John Deane Front cover: John von Neumann and the IAS Computer (Photo by Alan Richards, courtesy of the Archives of the Institute for Advanced Study), Rand's JOHNNIAC (Rand Corp photo), University of Sydney's SILLIAC (photo courtesy of the University of Sydney Science Foundation for Physics). Back cover: Lawrence Von Tersch surrounded by parts of Michigan State University's MISTIC (photo courtesy of Michigan State University). The “IAS Family” is more formally known as Princeton Class machines (the Institute for Advanced Study is at Princeton, NJ, USA), and they were referred to as JONIACs by Klara von Neumann in her forward to her husband's book The Computer and the Brain. Photograph copyright generally belongs to the institution that built the machine. Text © 2003 John Deane [email protected] Published by the Australian Computer Museum Society Inc PO Box 847, Pennant Hills NSW 2120, Australia Acknowledgments My thanks to Simon Lavington & J.A.N. Lee for your encouragement. A great many people responded to my questions about their machines while I was working on a history of SILLIAC. I have been sent manuals, newsletters, web references, photos, -
The Japanese Computer Industry: Its Roots and Development
The Japanese Computer Industry: Its Roots and Development Kobayashi, K. IIASA Collaborative Paper January 1980 Kobayashi, K. (1980) The Japanese Computer Industry: Its Roots and Development. IIASA Collaborative Paper. Copyright © January 1980 by the author(s). http://pure.iiasa.ac.at/1508/ All rights reserved. Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage. All copies must bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. For other purposes, to republish, to post on servers or to redistribute to lists, permission must be sought by contacting [email protected] NOT FOR QUOTATION WITHOUT PERMISSION OF THE AUTHOR "THE JAPANESE COMPUTER INDUSTRY: ITS ROOTS AND DEVELO~PENT'~ KO j i Kobayashi January 1980 CP-80-2 Presented at the Guest Seminar at the International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis, Laxenburg, Austria, September 27, 1979, CoZZaborative Papers report work which has not been performed solely at the International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis and which has received only limited review. Views or opinions expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of the Institute, its National Member Organizations, or other organi- zations supporting the work. INTERNATIONAL INSTITUTE FOR APPLIED SYSTEMS ANALYSIS A-2361 Laxenburg, Austria Dr. ~ojiKobayashi is Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer of the Nippon Electric Co. Ltd., 33-1, Shiba 5-chome, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan. FOREWORD Dr. Koji Kobayashi, Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer of the Nippon Electric Co. -
The Japanese Computer Industry: Its Roots and Develo~Pent'~
NOT FOR QUOTATION WITHOUT PERMISSION OF THE AUTHOR "THE JAPANESE COMPUTER INDUSTRY: ITS ROOTS AND DEVELO~PENT'~ KO j i Kobayashi January 1980 CP-80-2 Presented at the Guest Seminar at the International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis, Laxenburg, Austria, September 27, 1979, CoZZaborative Papers report work which has not been performed solely at the International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis and which has received only limited review. Views or opinions expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of the Institute, its National Member Organizations, or other organi- zations supporting the work. INTERNATIONAL INSTITUTE FOR APPLIED SYSTEMS ANALYSIS A-2361 Laxenburg, Austria Dr. ~ojiKobayashi is Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer of the Nippon Electric Co. Ltd., 33-1, Shiba 5-chome, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan. FOREWORD Dr. Koji Kobayashi, Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer of the Nippon Electric Co. Ltd., visited IIASA on September 27tht 1979 at the invitation of Dr. Jermen Gvishiani, Chairman of IIASAts Council. In the course of his visit he presented the following paper at a seminar attended by members of IIASAts staff as well as some interested visitors from Vienna. Dr. Kobayashi has kindly agreed that his paper should be published as an IIASA Collaborative Paper. The relevance of this paper to IIASAKs research interests hardly needs emphasis. The tracing of the development of computers in Japan within the context of the communications industry is of relevance to the work we are undertaking improved scientific communication through computerized networks, tele- conferencing, etc. As an intimidating example of a successful innovation process it is of direct value to the Management and Technology task concerned with Innovation.