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Tribune Herald___Stars Over uJ D 2 Sunday, November 12, 2017 Hawaii Tribune-Herald So much to be proud of ome of the big questions mana’o and timeless lessons con u-i generated by 20th century necting earth, sea, sky and spirit. astronomy may be answered Though their wisdom, we are remind in the 21St century, and the ed of the sacred nature of this space, MaunakeaS Observatories will be Maunakea, which links us to distant 0 key to finding those answers. space. This ancient endeavor, astronomy, Our knowledge of the origin and is framed today by Maunakea. It serves makeup of the universe is growing as a beacon to find our way home, a pris exponentially. A couple of decades tine portal on the universe, and in time, a ago, the only planets known to exist symbol of peace. Nowhere else on Earth were in our solar system. Now we does this conjunction occur. Nowhere. know that most stars have planets, and With that as background, what are thousands of them have been detected some of those discoveries on our hori directly, including from Maunakea. zon when viewed from Maunakea? Likewise, black holes were the Having helped establish how com oretical constructs throughout most mon planets are in our galaxy, next-gen of the 20th century. Now we know research will focus on finding nearby they are real, with some of the most habitable planets by dedicating sophisti compelling observations made to Doug Simons cated new instruments and large blocks date coming from Maunakea. Executive director, of observing time to sweep the sky for the faint signatures of distant worlds. What are some of the big answers Canada-Erance-Hawaii Telescope that are potentially on the horizon stem If the Thirty Meter Telescope is built, ming from the Maunakea Observatories? Observatories are connected to — and biomarkers in the atmospheres of these First, a closer look at Hawaii’s only derived from — our community in planets stermning from life may be dis billion-dollar scientific research com countless ways. Community engage covered, etching an accomplishment into plex is needed to better understand ment and support, particularly of our the annals of history for Hawaii that will Credits how these answers will emerge. keild through education, is natural stand out for centuries. Having first prov Based upon the number and qual and central to the future of Hawaii en that a massive black hole is lurking ity of publications, the Maunakea astronomy. Key programs include: in the heart of our Milky Way galaxy, Editor Observatories are collectively No. 1 • The Journey Through the Universe observations are being conducted world David Bock worldwide in their scientific product. program that touches the better part wide (and, critically, from Maunakea) This is attributable to many things, of 10,000 students each year; that will be used to capture an image — including the exquisite nature of the • AstroDays at the Prince of that black hole another first. Writer site that produces some of the sharpest Kuhio Plaza and Kona Commons Fantastically powerful new instru Tom Callis views of the cosmos on our planet. that draw thousands; mentation under development now will It is also due to decades of invest • The Kama’aina Observatory be used to study and perhaps identify ment by governments from around Experience that provides monthly the nature of the dominant form of Photography — the world that sponsor pure research, programs dedicated to the cultur matter in the universe dark matter. Hollyn Johnson like astronomy. The bulk of the $70 al, environmental, and scientif The recent Noble Award winning obser million that is invested annually to ic dimensions of Maunakea; vations by the Laser Interferometer Program Gravitational-Wave Observatory of grav Design operate the Maunakea Observatories • The Akamai Intern passes directly into the local economy that has trained hundreds of local itational waves emitted from merging Bonnie L. Rogers through the salaries of our local staffs. college students in STEM fields; black holes has rekindled interest in the Maunakea astronomy is an aggre • The Maunakea Scholars pro possibility that dark matter isn’t some gator of innovation, new knowledge, gram that opens the doors to the form of exotic particle, but countless clean high-tech jobs, educational Maunakea Observatories to high primordial black holes created during opportunities, international fund school students across the state to the Big Bang. if true, in a startling sense, On the cover ing, technology development, and conduct their own research projects. black holes may be critical for life. global esteem in perhaps the most All of these impactful local pro Intrigued? Welcome to the frontier ancient and revered field of science. grams demonstrate the commitment of new knowledge about the universe, Photo Thanks to the 100-plus local com of the Maunalcea Observatories to the about ourselves. We, the people of Hawaii, have so much to be proud of, Andrew Richard Hara panies that support the Maunakea community from which we come. Observatories, nearly $100 miffion in Of course, what makes all of this including the beautiful Hawaiian culture Website annual economic impact is felt across possible is the people of Hawaii, in that grounds our communities, and a leg www.andrewhara.com Hawaii Island. Astronomy’s economic particular those of the First Nation of acy of discovery that in this century will impact statewide ($175 million) is about Hawaii that first called these islands help point the way for centuries to come. Email Doug Simons is executive director of the half that of agriculture and forestry home centuries ago and created a last 3.6-meter Canada-france-Hawaii Telescope [email protected] combined — a respectable contributor ing cultural treasure that serves as the andformer director of the Gemini Observatory to Hawaii’s economy by any measure. foundation for Hawaii’s future. None This column was written at the request of the With a 50-year legacy, the Maunakea of this would be possible without their Tribune-Herald specifically for this publication. Hawaii Tribune-Herald Sunday, November 12,2017 3 The birth of an institute How a bold idea a half century ago put Maunakea at the forefront of astronomy L 4 Sunday, November 72, 2017 Hawaii Tribune-Herald Courtesy of UH-Manoa The 1979 dedication of the NASA Infrared Telescope Facility. up top and a small piece of INSTITUTE From page 3 concrete, possibly part of the foundation, poking through high above the clouds and mainland universities and said, the cinder. The pu’u, which wondered if that peak might ‘We have an empty mountain would be restored under con not be a better site,” wrote on Maunakea. Why don’t you ditions of the proposed Thirty Steiger, who died in 2011. He folks take a look at it and do Meter Telescope, offers views was not the only one thinking something about it,” Akiyama of Lake Waiau and most of about Maunakea, which sits at told the Tribune-Herald a the existing observatories. 13,796 feet above sea level. year before his death in 2004. “It was more of a sight Following the 1960 tsu Kuiper was the only one to seeing visit’ recalled John nami that devastated Hilo, reply. Gov. John Bums was Jefferies, who at the time was the Hawaii Island Chamber on board with the idea and leading the solar program at of Commerce began look released $42,000 to build a UH’s physics department. He ing at astronomy as a way jeep trail to the top. The road would become the first direc to boost the local economy. was complete in 1964, and tor of UH-Manoa’s Institute Mitsuo Akiyama, then the a small dome with a 12.5- for Astronomy in 1967. organization’s executive inch telescope was placed on “I wanted to know what director, invited Kuiper to Pu’u Poliahu to test the site. it looked like and how it John Jeffeiles come give Maunakea a look. Today, Walter Steiger the only evidence Former director, Institute “We UH for Astronomy Former UH physics professor wrote to about 1,000 that remains is a flat area See INSTITUTE Page 8 Committed to the pursuit of knowledge and higher education .c. br Hawai 1 Sunday, 6 November 12, 2017 Hawaii Tribune-Herald Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope Smithsonian Astrophysical United Kingdom Infrared Telescope Mirror size: 3.6 meters Wavelength: optical, near infrared Mirror size: 8-by-6 meters Mirror size: 3.8 meters First light: 1979 Wavelength: submillimeter Wavelength: optical, near infrared Employees: 47 First light: 2002 First light: 1979 Headquarters: Waimea Employees: 24 Employees: 3 Operated by: The National Research Council of Headquarters: Kilo Headquarters: Kilo Canada, Centre National de a Recherche Sd Operated by: Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory Operated by: East Asian Observatory entifique of France and University of Hawaii. and Academia Sinica Institute for Astronomy and Astrophysics Keck Observatory James Clerk Maxwell Telescope Very Long Baseline Array Mirror size: Keck 1(10 meters) Keck 11(10 meters) Mirror size: 15 meters — Mirror Wavelength: Keck I optical, near Wavelength: submillimeter size: 25 meters infrared, Keck II — optical, near infrared First light: 1987 Wavelength: radio First light: Keck 1,1993; Keck 11,1996 Employees: 35 First light: 1992 Employees: 126 Headquarters: Kilo Employees: 40 Headquarters: Waimea Operated by: East Asian Observatory (Japan, Headquarters: Socorro, New Mexico Operated by: Caltech/University of California China, South Korea, Taiwan). The United Kingdom Operated by: Long Baseline Observatory and Canada are JCMT operational partners. Subaru Telescope University Mirror size: 8.3 meters
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