HAPPY BIRTHDAY! D. SHTYBLYKOV CREATORS OF THE BLACK SEA SECURITY HAVE BEEN KEPT IN PRISON FOR MORE THAN A YEAR BY THE KREMLIN O. BESSARABOV Founder - the Center for assistance to the CONTENTS geopolitical problems and Euro-Atlantic cooperation of the Black sea region studies Foreword 3 NOMOS (Sevastopol) REVIEW OF THE SITUATION WITH POLITICAL PRISONERS 5 OF THE KREMLIN Analytical magazine is registered Situation of the human rights in the temporaly in the Ministry of Justice of Ukraine. occupied Autonomous Republic of Crimea Licence KV No. 12341-1225PR and the city of Sevastopol (Ukraine). Fragments 9 of the Tematic Report, Office of the United Publisher - Centre for Global Studies Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights «Strategy XXI» (Kyiv) In focus: Occupied Crimea Bohdan Yaremenko, Tetiana Huchakova, Andrii Klymenko, Olha Korbut, Yurii Smelianskyi 14 Language - Ukrainian and English MILITARY BUILD-UP OF CRIMEA Olga Skrypnyk, Irina Sedova, Contacts: Vissarion Aseyev, Aleksandr Sedov 34 Centre for Global Studies Strategy XXI MILITARIZATION OF SOCIAL LIFE 51 Shchekavytska Str., of. 26, IN CRIMEA Kyiv, 04071, Ukraine In focus: Polish vision of Trimarium Tel: +380 44 425 41 62 P. Żurawski vel Grajewski 39 TRIMARIUM: A VIEW FROM THE NORTH Web-site: www.geostrategy.org.ua In focus: China’s ‘Belt & Road’ E-mail: [email protected] M. Filijovic, V. Martyniuk 50 THE BLACK SEA REGION IN CHINA’S ‘BELT & ROAD’ INITIATIVE In focus: Turkey in the Black Sea region EDITORIAL BOARD: H. Zamikula 60 SECURITY POLICY OF TURKEY AND ITS impacT ON THE BLACK SEA REGION Mykhailo Gonchar, Acting Editor In focus: South Caucasus R. Mehrabyan 66 Vitalii Martyniuk, Executive Secretary FROM BREZHNEV TO PUTIN: GENESIS OF THE EURASIAN EMPIRE’S DOCTRINE Oleksii Bessarabov, Deputy Editor (Sevastopol, temporary in captivity of the FSB of Russia) In focus: South Caucasus А. Chubyk 73 Dmytro Shtyblykov, Deputy Editor (Sevastopol, HYBRID WAR: GEORGIAN STATE temporary in captivity of the FSB of Russia) LESSONS FOR UKRAINIAN STATE Re-thinking conceptual approaches N. Belitser Pavlo Lakiychuk, Deputy Editor 78 HUMAN SECURITY VS. NATIONAL Serhii Zhuk, Columnist SECURITY Matteo Cazzulani, Head of the European Bureau Retrospective of the “Black Sea Security”, 2008 D. Shtyblykov 88 THE RUSSIA-GEORGIA CONFLICT. IS UKRAINE THE NEXT? A circulation is 500 copies О. Ishchuk Private Enterpriser Lanovenko O.O., REVIEW OF FOREIGN SOURCES 99 Kyiv, 1 Hmyri Borysa Str. ON THE BLACK SEA REGION Phone: +380 44 441-82-44 New researches on Russian and hybrid war Essay of the book 111 When using materials, reference to the Black Sea Security “Wars-XXI: Russia’s PolyHybression” magazine is obligatory. Essay of the book 117 Editorial board does not necessarily share the views “Ukraine – Russia: War in terms of coexistence” of the authors. Essay of the book Responsibility for the contents of the articles rests 123 “Russia between fascism and disintegration” with their authors. 2 FOREWORD Dear readers, their next birthdays on the land of Freedom, in You hold the anniversary thirtieth issue of the Ukraine. Black Sea Security magazine. The second issue, In this issue, we put materials devoted to which we’ve released without our Sevastopol protecting Kremlin’s political prisoners who are colleagues Dmytro Shtyblykov and Oleksii deprived of their liberty in the occupied territory Besarabov. As can be seen from the cover, Crimea - and in the materialized Mordor of the modern the Ukrainian peninsula in the Black Sea occupied world – in Russia. The problem of human security by Russia, is in the focus of attention. The editorial in the coordinate system “Human Security vs. board of the magazine not accidentally decided to National Security” is also analyzed. In Ukraine, dedicate this number to Crimea. It is there, in the the doctrine of the totalitarian Soviet heritage, “the occupied territory, Russia continues to prepare for security of the state - above all,” still dominates a new throw of polyhybression ― multi-frontal the notion of human security, which is an obstacle aggression of a hybrid type against the West. The to the development of a coherent system of peninsula has already become the bridgehead for protection aimed at both individuals and society. Russian interventions in the Middle East. About Natalya Belitser from the Pylyp Orlik Institute for militarization of Crimea, its scale and consequences Democracy reveals an actual topic. read in the work of our partners from The Maidan Of course, we could not ignore the Trimarium of Foreign Affairs Fund specially for the Black Initiative a new Polish-Croatian version of the Sea Security. long-standing idea of Intermarium, presented in The Crimean human rights group outlined another September at the “Central European Davos” - important aspect of the peninsula under occupation the International Economic Forum in Krynica. - the militarization of the social life in Crimea. We publish with courtesy of the author, a well- In this issue, we pay particular attention to the known Polish expert, advisor to Polish Foreign Kremlin’s repressive policies towards dissidents, Ministry, Przemysław Żurawski vel Grajewski Crimean Tatars, and the brutal neglect of human his program article „Trimarium: A View from the rights by Russia. North.” In addition, another ambitious project, The UN report, the key fragments of which we which deal with the Black Sea region, namely the present in this issue, eloquently confirms the anti- Chinese “Belt and Road Initiative” is analyzed human nature of the Putin regime. For us, this is an through the Ukrainian-Serbian expert view. A obvious thing, since two members of the editorial rather unexpected view, because there is little in board of the Black Sea Security were imprisoned common with Ukrainian and Serbian approaches by the occupants on their native Crimean land to key international issues. However, we managed from November 9, 2016. to do this. At the occasion, we wish to send a message We also have not neglected the analysis of the of birthday greetings to Dmytro Shtyblykov and Turkish policy in the Black Sea region. Famous Oleksii Bessarabov. On November 8, Dmytro has Armenian experts David Shahnazaryan and Ruben met his 47th and on December 5 Oleksii has met Megrabyan presented the view on the actual his 41st anniversary. In this issue, our retrospective problems of the South Caucasus in the context of view is presented by Shtyblykov’s article, Russian expansionism. Certainly, in the magazine published in 2008 on the pages of our magazine there is a traditional review of foreign sources on under the eloquent and prophetic titled “Russian- the actual issues of the Black Sea security. Georgian conflict. Is Ukraine the Next?”. Clearly Finally, we offer short fragments of two important there is truth in the saying that a prophet is not works: the essay of the book «Ukraine - Russia: without honor save in his own country... We hope War in terms of coexistence» by a well-known that by the joint efforts with the assistance of the Ukrainian expert, сaptain I rank Hryhoriy international community our colleagues will meet Perepelytsia and an excerpt from a new book by 3 FOREWORD the Center of Global Studies “Wars-XXI: Russia’s totalitarian Russian empires, gives rise to the fear PolyHybression.» Also, we announce the book of the Kremlin. The latter strengthens repressions «Russia between fascism and disintegration» by against Ukrainian citizens, not realizing that the famous Russian researcher Yuri Fedorov, who this only brings about the collapse of the ruling received a refuge in the Czech Republic. kleptocracy. Our mission is to bring the day when The first article of the magazine is devoted to the the Russian Mordor disappears from the world state of affairs with the Ukrainian prisoners of the map. Kremlin in Crimea and Russia. We cannot ignore this topic, not only from purely Ukrainian motives - in the region of the Wider Black Sea, dangerous tendencies become more and more visible. In Mykhailo Gonchar Russia, Turkey, and Azerbaijan, authoritarian Acting Editor-in-chief of the Black Sea regimes, which neglected freedom of speech and Security magazine, human rights, are intensified. President of the Centre for Global Studies Russia, as in the time of the USSR, tries to be Strategy XXI, ahead of the whole planet, and especially in the persecution of Ukrainian citizens. Freedom of Director on Energy Programs the Ukrainians, who repeatedly destroyed the of the NOMOS Centre (2006-2014) 4 #FreeShtyblykov#FreeBessarabov#FreeDudka Review of the Situation with Political Prisoners of the Kremlin According to human rights organizations of Tatars and Ukrainian activists, violation of the Ukraine, as of the middle of October 2017, on the right to freedom of expression and press in Crimea. territory of the occupied Crimea and in Russia, While appreciating these approaches of the EU there have been imprisoned at least 61 citizens of and NATO, we encourage you not only to continue Ukraine on political grounds. There are people of the policy of sanctions against Russia for its different nations, confessions, jobs and political actions in the occupied territories of Ukraine, opinions. Among them are journalists, experts, and particularly in Crimea, but also strengthen activists, farmers, miners, stage directors, teachers the sanctions regime, the possibility of what has and students. Crimean Tatars amount 34 of them. been stated in the G7 Communiqué on the results 23 from 61 persons have already received court of the May 2017 G7 summit in Taormina. In our decisions in occupational Crimean courts or in view, it is necessary to transform correct words Russian courts with confinement periods from 1.5 from the EU and NATO papers into concrete up to 22.5 years. Since the early 2017, there were actions. As the past years showed, just words are at least 18 new detentions, which have from the inefficient for the Kremlin.