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Was the Function of the Earliest Writing in Egypt Utilitarian Or Ceremonial? Does the Surviving Evidence Reflect the Reality?”
“Was the function of the earliest writing in Egypt utilitarian or ceremonial? Does the surviving evidence reflect the reality?” Article written by Marsia Sfakianou Chronology of Predynastic period, Thinite period and Old Kingdom..........................2 How writing began.........................................................................................................4 Scopes of early Egyptian writing...................................................................................6 Ceremonial or utilitarian? ..............................................................................................7 The surviving evidence of early Egyptian writing.........................................................9 Bibliography/ references..............................................................................................23 Links ............................................................................................................................23 Album of web illustrations...........................................................................................24 1 Map of Egypt. Late Predynastic Period-Early Dynastic (Grimal, 1994) Chronology of Predynastic period, Thinite period and Old Kingdom (from the appendix of Grimal’s book, 1994, p 389) 4500-3150 BC Predynastic period. 4500-4000 BC Badarian period 4000-3500 BC Naqada I (Amratian) 3500-3300 BC Naqada II (Gerzean A) 3300-3150 BC Naqada III (Gerzean B) 3150-2700 BC Thinite period 3150-2925 BC Dynasty 1 3150-2925 BC Narmer, Menes 3125-3100 BC Aha 3100-3055 BC -
Emerging Neolithic and Early Cycladic Settlements in Paros: Koukounaries and Sklavouna'
EMERGING NEOLITHIC AND EARLY CYCLADIC SETTLEMENTS IN PAROS: KOUKOUNARIES AND SKLAVOUNA' ALTHOUGH a central and comparatively large Cycladic island, Paros is still unknown tmitory for the Neolithic. The only published Neolithic site is Kastro at Paroikia, which was excavated in the early 20th century.' Three more sites, Saliagos,s now a separate islet I offthe island's south-west coast, and two sites on Antiparos (Vouni,4 Cave), should not of : come be ignored, as they all belonged to a united island in antiquity, that of 'Greater Par0s9,5including modern Paros, Antiparos, and Despotiko. Still, however, our knowledge :. adthe Neolithic of Paros is very poor, as, apart from the well documented intrit-site analysis I d Sdagos, the big fertile modern island is an empty Neolithic landscape giving no hint of the cultural and economic distribution of Neolithic populations and their site networks : within it. This current image of an empty landscape should not of course be misinterpreted as , evidence for a sparse population in the Neolithic. To a very large degree the phenomenon, : well attested in all the Cyclades, should be the outcome of a lack of systematic research in L amociation with taphonomic factors which did not favour the preservation of the makeshift : Neolithic settlement structures. Where islands have been systematically surveyed, e-g. Discassion in this article is preliminary; the detailed Ee~uva~kv I'Idc~q", PAE i 975, I 97-2 i1. Sddardi 1977 = D. U. Schilardi, '"Avaoxaqi~o+$v nbeo", 1977,963-77. Schilardi 1981 = D. U. Schilardi, "'Avaaxaqi) Kouxouvaellv n6eoun, PAE 1981,269-92. -
By Thomas P. Leppard a Dissertation Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of DOCTOR of PHILOSOPHY
THE LOGICS OF ISLAND LIFE: THE ARCHAEOLOGY OF MOVEMENT, DISTANCE, AND SETTLEMENT IN THE NEOLITHIC AEGEAN AND CERAMIC AGE LESSER ANTILLES By Thomas P. Leppard A dissertation Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY Joukowsky Institute for Archaeology and the Ancient World Brown University May 2013 © Thomas P. Leppard 2013 The islander. Pa Fetauta, head of the House of Manoa, Kafika clan, Tikopia (After Firth 1936: plate 2) This dissertation by Thomas P. Leppard is accepted in its present form by the Joukowsky Institute for Archaeology & the Ancient World as satisfying the dissertation requirement for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Date________________ __________________________________ John F. Cherry, Advisor Recommended to the Graduate School Date________________ __________________________________ Peter Van Dommelen, Reader Date________________ __________________________________ Stephen D. Houston, Reader Date________________ __________________________________ Susan E. Alcock, Reader Date________________ __________________________________ Scott M. Fitzpatrick, Reader Approved by the Graduate Council Date________________ __________________________________ Peter M. Weber, Dean of the Graduate School v THOMAS P. LEPPARD Joukowsky Institute for Archaeology and the Ancient World Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912 USA Email: [email protected] Telephone: (401) 863-9423 EDUCATION 2007-13 Ph.D. in Archaeology, Joukowsky Institute for Archaeology and the Ancient World, -
Contes Bretons De La Harpe Celtique Yvon Le Quellec
Sommaire 32 HARPES D'EXIL BROCELIANDE le Festival Un chapitre du livre Musiciens, changez de "De la Source à l'Océan" Hubert, métier ! un loup en hiver Édito, par DS Aziliz Le Gallo The Mc Peake Family of Belfast Par Paul Wright Myrias Un nouveau duo pour Ameylia et Marie Contes Bretons de la Harpe Celtique Yvon Le Quellec Célébration du triangle Par AMADIS Harpes dans L'Ennedi Une chanson et une harpe par jour, avec François Pernel Cahier de musique : Les vertus du carbone Camac Odyssey Guillaume, Antoine et Pierre Par Jakez François Pour jouer léger ! Rêve pour demain Noël du Jura Alix Colin Pastiche de Nedeleg Yvon Le Quellec Port an deorai Se fath mo bhuartha François Hascoët Lemoni Peggy of Letermore Audrey Pierre Quel grand bruit ! Eva Fogelgesang Soazig Noblet Making Progress on the Irish Harp quelques liens Ma barre-lyre Reidun Lynch Yaouen le marin Khyunghee Kim Sutre Tianjin Academy Searching for the celtic spirit Daniel Perret Yoka Boka Jeff Mayors Elisabeth Collard La harpe au sein de l'orchestre Édito 32 : Musiciens, vous n'avez qu'à changer de métier ! Alors qu’une récente étude indiquait qu’un tiers des musiciens professionnels britanniques ont l’intention d’abandonner complètement leur carrière en raison des difficultés financières auxquelles ils sont confrontés depuis le début de la pandémie de coronavirus, Rishi Sunak le Chancelier de l’échiquier, au lieu de les rassurer, leur conseille de chercher du travail dans d’autres secteurs. Près de 400 musiciens britanniques, parmi lesquels la célèbre violoniste écossaise Nicola Benedetti, la clarinettiste Emma Johnson ou le violoncelliste Bill Barkley, ont manifesté ce matin devant le Palais de Westminster, siège du Parlement à Londres. -
The Distribution of Obsidian in the Eastern Mediterranean As Indication of Early Seafaring Practices in the Area a Thesis B
The Distribution Of Obsidian In The Eastern Mediterranean As Indication Of Early Seafaring Practices In The Area A Thesis By Niki Chartzoulaki Maritime Archaeology Programme University of Southern Denmark MASTER OF ARTS November 2013 1 Στον Γιώργο 2 Acknowledgments This paper represents the official completion of a circle, I hope successfully, definitely constructively. The writing of a Master Thesis turned out that there is not an easy task at all. Right from the beginning with the effort to find the appropriate topic for your thesis until the completion stage and the time of delivery, you got to manage with multiple issues regarding the integrated presentation of your topic while all the time and until the last minute you are constantly wondering if you handled correctly and whether you should have done this or not to do it the other. So, I hope this Master this to fulfill the requirements of the topic as best as possible. I am grateful to my Supervisor Professor, Thijs Maarleveld who directed me and advised me during the writing of this Master Thesis. His help, his support and his invaluable insight throughout the entire process were valuable parameters for the completion of this paper. I would like to thank my Professor from the Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Nikolaos Efstratiou who help me to find this topic and for his general help. Also the Professor of University of Crete, Katerina Kopaka, who she willingly provide me with all of her publications –and those that were not yet have been published- regarding her research in the island of Gavdos. -
OBSIDIAN in the PREHISTORIC AEGEAN: TRADE and Correspondence To: Mailinta Tsampiri USES [email protected]
Volume 53 BGSG Research Paper OBSIDIAN IN THE PREHISTORIC AEGEAN: TRADE AND Correspondence to: Mailinta Tsampiri USES [email protected] 1 DOI number: Mailinta Tsampiri http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/ bgsg.18588 1 Archaeologist, S&B Industrial Minerals S.A. Keywords: Collaborator of the Ephorate of Antiquities of Cyclades in excavations in Melos Obsidian, Aegean, Melos, Blade, Giali, Phylakopi. Pansedon (3201) - Porto Rafti, Attica, Greece Email: [email protected] Citation: Tsampiri Mailinta (2018), Obsidian in the prehistoric Aegean: Trade and uses. Abstract Bulletin Geological Society of Greece, 53, 28- 49. This paper studies the prehistoric use of obsidian quarries in the Aegean. Obsidian sources in the eastern Mediterranean have been traced on certain Publication History: islands of the Aegean: Melos, Antiparos and Giali. Due to its hardness, this Received: 24/09/2018 material was already being used by the end of the Upper Palaeolithic to produce Accepted: 03/10/2018 Accepted article online: blades with sharp edges to serve as knives, scrapers and razors, arrowheads 03/10/2018 and spears, axes, saws and mattocks. This naturally occurring glass was also used for ornamental purposes. During the Late and the Final Neolithic Period The Editor wishes to thank Prof. M. Stamatakis, Prof. (ca. 5300-3200 B.C.), when the systematic habitation of the Cyclades developed, Hara Drinia and Ms Erietta the transportation of obsidian was incorporated in the gradually developing Vlachou for editorial assistance. trade networks of the Aegean. The material was much in demand in the early Bronze Age. During the later Bronze Age its use declined and by the classical ©2018. -
The Routledge Dictionary of Egyptian Gods and Goddesses
The Routledge Dictionary of Egyptian Gods and Goddesses The Routledge Dictionary of Egyptian Gods and Goddesses provides one of the most comprehensive listings and descriptions of Egyptian deities. Now in its second edition, it contains: ● A new introduction ● Updated entries and four new entries on deities ● Names of the deities as hieroglyphs ● A survey of gods and goddesses as they appear in Classical literature ● An expanded chronology and updated bibliography ● Illustrations of the gods and emblems of each district ● A map of ancient Egypt and a Time Chart. Presenting a vivid picture of the complexity and richness of imagery of Egyptian mythology, students studying Ancient Egypt, travellers, visitors to museums and all those interested in mythology will find this an invaluable resource. George Hart was staff lecturer and educator on the Ancient Egyptian collections in the Education Department of the British Museum. He is now a freelance lecturer and writer. You may also be interested in the following Routledge Student Reference titles: Archaeology: The Key Concepts Edited by Colin Renfrew and Paul Bahn Ancient History: Key Themes and Approaches Neville Morley Fifty Key Classical Authors Alison Sharrock and Rhiannon Ash Who’s Who in Classical Mythology Michael Grant and John Hazel Who’s Who in Non-Classical Mythology Egerton Sykes, revised by Allen Kendall Who’s Who in the Greek World John Hazel Who’s Who in the Roman World John Hazel The Routledge Dictionary of Egyptian Gods and Goddesses George Hart Second edition First published 2005 by Routledge 2 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon OX14 4RN Simultaneously published in the USA and Canada by Routledge 270 Madison Ave, New York, NY 10016 Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group This edition published in the Taylor & Francis e-Library, 2005. -
The Palaeoethnobotany of the West House Akrotiri, Thera
THE PALAEOETHNOBOTANY OF THE WEST HOUSE AKROTIRI, THERA A CASE STUDY Submitted in fulfillment of a Doctorate in Philosophy Department of Archaeology and Prehistory University of Sheffield Anaya Anastasia Sarpaki December 1987 gedicatioit tFo 9fl4,onj aelmt,a. Contents List of Plates i List of Tables List of Figures Acknowledgements xii Summary xv Abbreviations xvi Preface xvii 1 The environment and agriculture of modern Greece 1 1.1 Introduction 1 1.1.1 Relief 2 1.1.2 Water-drainage systems: the present 4 1.1.3 Climate 5 1.1.4 Greek soils 9 1.1.5 Plant communities 18 1.1.6 Present-day agricultural systems 25 1.1.7 Thera: crop cultivation 37 2 The environment of Greece in the past 44 2.1 Introduction 44 2.1.1 The climate 44 2.1.2 The drainage 46 2.1.3 Soils of Thera 47 2.1.4 Pollen analysis in Crete 48 2.1.5 Deforestation 55 2.1.6 Architectural evidence 56 2.1.7 Documentary evidence 60 2.1.8 Archaeological data 64 2.1.9 Discussion 67 3 Archaeobotanical studies 69 3.1 Introduction 69 3.1.1 Archaeobotany in Greece - The early days 70 3.1.2 Archaeobotany in Greece - The later days 71 3.1.3 Approaches to archaeobotany - The early days 76 3.1.4 Approaches to archaeobotany - The loss of innocence 80 3.1.5 Models of crop-processing and beyond 85 3.1.6 Recovery methods and sampling 92 3.1.7 Interpretation 97 4 Thera: The background 99 4.1 Introduction 99 4.1.1 The macro-context: the island 99 4.1.2 Settlement pattern 101 4.1.3 Agricultural production: past and present 103 4.1.4 Akrotiri: The micro-context 106 4.1.5 Discussion 137 5 Akrotiri: The palaeoethnobotany 139 5.1 Introduction 139 5.1.1 Choice of area studied 141 5.1.2 Choice of samples 142 5.1.3 Sampling methods 143 5.1.4 Plant remains 145 5.1.5 Insect infestation 168 5.1.6 Weeds and wild plants 168 5.1.7 Preservation by charring 170 5.1.8 Preservation by silicification 174 5.1.9 Preservation by mineralization 175 6 Akrotiri: Interpretation of palaeoethnobotanical data 176 6.1 Introduction 176 6.1.1 Background information 176 6.1.2 cf. -
'The Narmer Palette and the 'Triumph of Metaphor'
LingAeg 2 (1992), 67-85 THENARMER P ALETIE AND THE"TR!UMPH OF METAPHOR"* Orly Goldwasser This article presents the hypothesis that the hieroglyphic system is built on the extreme application of the human faculty of metaphorizing - this cognitive faculty, on its multilayered aspects, from the phonetic to the conceptual, having become the leading principle of the Egyptian intellectual journey. Here the emer gence of this metaphoricalsystem, as fully expressed already in the Narmer palette, is explored. § 1 Introduction The quest for the reasons and conditions which brought about the establishment of the "Egyptian state" has recently returned to the center of interest in Egyptological studies. My hypothesis in this study is a possible answer belonging to the sphere of reasons as well as conditions. The problem has been emphatically put forward in the fifties by Henri Frankfort in his book The Birth of Civilization in the Near East (1956). Discarding old fashioned borrow ing theories, recent studies have mostly located the answers in the en vogue field of social anthropology (Kemp 1989). The revolutionary invention of the Egyptian script, now also established as a self-developed Egyptian accomplishment, was intensively dealt with from the perspective of the sociological and historical why questions, summarized in a recent contribution by Wolfgang Schenkel "Wozu die Agypter eine Schrift brauchten" (1983). Little, however, has Egyptology applied itself to the how questions, confining itself mostly to painstaking descriptive studies of the hieroglyphic sign. It is my wish here to examine the question of scriptural development by concentrating on the basic how question. Namely, how did the Egyptians invent writing, and what were the mental faculties that made the "intellectual leap" possible. -
Cwiek, Andrzej. Relief Decoration in the Royal
Andrzej Ćwiek RELIEF DECORATION IN THE ROYAL FUNERARY COMPLEXES OF THE OLD KINGDOM STUDIES IN THE DEVELOPMENT, SCENE CONTENT AND ICONOGRAPHY PhD THESIS WRITTEN UNDER THE SUPERVISION OF PROF. KAROL MYŚLIWIEC INSTITUTE OF ARCHAEOLOGY FACULTY OF HISTORY WARSAW UNIVERSITY 2003 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS This work would have never appeared without help, support, advice and kindness of many people. I would like to express my sincerest thanks to: Professor Karol Myśliwiec, the supervisor of this thesis, for his incredible patience. Professor Zbigniew Szafrański, my first teacher of Egyptian archaeology and subsequently my boss at Deir el-Bahari, colleague and friend. It was his attitude towards science that influenced my decision to become an Egyptologist. Professor Lech Krzyżaniak, who offered to me really enormous possibilities of work in Poznań and helped me to survive during difficult years. It is due to him I have finished my thesis at last; he asked me about it every time he saw me. Professor Dietrich Wildung who encouraged me and kindly opened for me the inventories and photographic archives of the Ägyptisches Museum und Papyrussammlung, and Dr. Karla Kroeper who enabled my work in Berlin in perfect conditions. Professors and colleagues who offered to me their knowledge, unpublished material, and helped me in various ways. Many scholars contributed to this work, sometimes unconsciously, and I owe to them much, albeit all the mistakes and misinterpretations are certainly by myself. Let me list them in an alphabetical order, pleno titulo: Hartwig -
An AZ Companion to Ancient Egyptian Architecture Free
FREE THE MONUMENTS OF EGYPT: AN A-Z COMPANION TO ANCIENT EGYPTIAN ARCHITECTURE PDF Dieter Arnold | 288 pages | 30 Nov 2009 | I.B.Tauris & Co Ltd | 9781848850422 | English | London, United Kingdom Art of ancient Egypt - Wikipedia Egyptian inventions and discoveries are objects, processes or techniques which owe their existence either partially or entirely to an Egyptian person. Often, things which are discovered for the first time, are also called "inventions", and in many cases, there is no clear line between the two. Below is a list of such inventions. Furniture became common first in Ancient Egypt during the Naqada culture. During that period a wide variety of furniture pieces were invented and used. Atalla and Dawon Kahng at Bell Labs in[] enabled the practical use of metal—oxide—semiconductor MOS transistors as memory cell storage elements, a function previously served by magnetic cores. MOSFET scaling and miniaturization see List of semiconductor scale examples have been the primary factors behind the rapid exponential growth of electronic semiconductor technology since the s, [] as the rapid miniaturization of MOSFETs has been largely responsible for the increasing The Monuments of Egypt: An A-Z Companion to Ancient Egyptian Architecture densityincreasing performance and decreasing power consumption of integrated circuit chips and electronic devices since the s. From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Redirected from List of egyptian inventions and discoveries. This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. June Archived from the original on Archived from the original PDF on January A history of ancient Egypt. Shaw, Ian, —. Oxford, UK: — Mark 4 November Ancient History Encyclopedia. -
Early Dynastic Egypt
EARLY DYNASTIC EGYPT EARLY DYNASTIC EGYPT Toby A.H.Wilkinson London and New York First published 1999 by Routledge 11 New Fetter Lane, London EC4P 4EE Simultaneously published in the USA and Canada by Routledge 29 West 35th Street, New York, NY 10001 Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group This edition published in the Taylor & Francis e-Library, 2005. © 1999 Toby A.H.Wilkinson All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilised in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers. British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library. Library of Congress Cataloguing in Publication Data Wilkinson, Toby A.H. Early Dynastic Egypt/Toby A.H.Wilkinson p. cm. Includes bibliographical references (p.378) and index. 1. Egypt—History—To 332 B.C. I. Title DT85.W49 1999 932′.012–dc21 98–35836 CIP ISBN 0-203-02438-9 Master e-book ISBN ISBN 0-203-20421-2 (Adobe e-Reader Format) ISBN 0-415-18633-1 (Print Edition) For Benjamin CONTENTS List of plates ix List of figures x Prologue xii Acknowledgements xvii PART I INTRODUCTION 1 Egyptology and the Early Dynastic Period 2 2 Birth of a Nation State 23 3 Historical Outline 50 PART II THE ESTABLISHMENT OF AUTHORITY 4 Administration 92 5 Foreign Relations 127 6 Kingship 155 7 Royal Mortuary Architecture 198 8 Cults and