DOCSLIB.ORG

Global Information Society Watch 2008

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Global Information Society Watch 2008 Global Information Society Watch 2008 Global Information Society Watch 2008 Global Information Society Watch 2008 Steering committee Karen Banks (APC) Roberto Bissio (ITeM) Anriette Esterhuysen (APC) Paul Maassen (Hivos) Loe Schout (Hivos) Magela Sigillito (ITeM) Coordination committee Pablo Accuosto (ITeM) Inés Campanella (ITeM) Monique Doppert (Hivos) Karen Higgs (APC) Natasha Primo (APC) Editor Alan Finlay Assistant editor Lori Nordstrom Publication production Karen Higgs Graphic design MONOCROMO Myriam Bustos, Leticia da Fonte, Pablo Uribe [email protected] Phone: +598 (2) 400 1685 Cover illustration Matias Bervejillo Proofreading Lori Nordstrom Lisa Cyr Website www.GISWatch.org Andrea Antelo Ximena Pucciarelli Monocromo Printed by CinnamonTeal Print and Publishing Printed in India Global Information Society Watch 2008 Published by APC, Hivos and ITeM 2008 Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Licence creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0 Some rights reserved ISBN: 92-95049-65-9 APC-200812-CIPP-R-EN-P-0058 Table of contents Preface ........................................................................... 7 Colombia ............................................................. 103 Introduction: Access to infrastructure ........................... 9 Congo, Democratic Republic of (DRC) ............... 106 Congo, Republic of .............................................. 108 THEMatic REPORTS Costa Rica ........................................................... 111 Net neutrality ............................................................... 17 Croatia ................................................................. 115 Open standards ............................................................ 20 Ecuador ................................................................ 118 Spectrum management ................................................ 23 Egypt .................................................................... 121 Trends in technology .................................................... 27 Ethiopia ............................................................... 124 Accessing content ........................................................ 31 India .................................................................... 127 INSTITUTIONAL OVERVIEW Jamaica ............................................................... 131 Institutional overview .................................................. 37 Kazakhstan .......................................................... 135 MEASURING PROGRESS Kenya ................................................................... 139 Towards better measures of global ICT Korea, Republic of .............................................. 142 adoption and use .......................................................... 47 Kyrgyzstan ........................................................... 146 REGIONAL AND COUNTRY REPORTS Mexico ................................................................. 150 Introduction .................................................................. 55 Nigeria ................................................................. 153 Regional reports Pakistan ............................................................... 156 North America ....................................................... 57 Paraguay ............................................................. 159 Latin America and the Caribbean ......................... 60 Peru ..................................................................... 162 Africa ..................................................................... 63 Romania .............................................................. 165 Former Soviet Union ............................................. 68 Rwanda ................................................................ 169 South-East Asia ..................................................... 72 Senegal ............................................................... 172 The Pacific ............................................................. 76 South Africa ......................................................... 175 Country reports Spain ................................................................... 178 Argentina ............................................................... 79 Switzerland .......................................................... 181 Bangladesh ............................................................ 82 Tajikistan ............................................................. 184 Bosnia and Herzegovina ....................................... 86 Tanzania .............................................................. 187 Brazil ..................................................................... 89 Uganda ................................................................ 191 Bulgaria ................................................................. 92 Uruguay ............................................................... 194 Cameroon .............................................................. 96 Uzbekistan ........................................................... 197 Chile .................................................................... 100 Zambia ................................................................ 200 Preface This year’s thematic focus for Global Information Society who work for a just and inclusive information society. Watch (GISWatch) is “access to infrastructure”. The The number of participating organisations is growing: Geneva Plan of Action that emerged from the first phase 38 country reports are published here – 16 more than of the World Summit on the Information Society (WSIS) in our previous edition – analysing the status of access declared information and communications technology in countries as diverse as the Democratic Republic of (ICT) infrastructure an “essential foundation for the Congo, Mexico, Switzerland and Kazakhstan. Information Society” and identified it as one of six main action lines. Besides thematic reports dealing with key issues affecting access, such as net neutrality, open standards, In spite of this attention, it is beginning to be considered spectrum management, trends in technology and access of less importance by some development funders and to content, for the first time GISWatch includes regional practitioners, including civil society and communication overviews for North America, Latin America and the and information activists. Caribbean, Africa, the countries of the former Soviet Union, South-East Asia, and the Pacific. One of the consequences of this is the development of a conventional wisdom that leaves the domain of While focusing on ICTs, GISWatch aims to make a infrastructure development to the market; to operators critical contribution to building a people-centred and investors who do not always see the broader social information society. Its purpose is to stimulate a value of communications in society; to governments collaborative approach to policy advocacy, and to create that lack capacity and often clear strategy; and to a common platform where disparate experiences can be international institutions that tend to approach it in a shared, and progress – or lack of progress – assessed. limited and “technocratic” way. Ultimately, it hopes to impact on policy development processes in countries, regions, and at a global level. Access to infrastructure is important in its own right. It constitutes the layer that enables communication, We hope you find GISWatch 2008 thought-provoking and is interlinked with other access challenges such and challenging. n as the capacity to use ICTs, access to content and knowledge, as well as access to public participation and citizenship. In this sense, the overall theme of access to Roberto Bissio infrastructure links to GISWatch 2007’s focus on access Third World Institute (ITeM) to participation, and is a bridge to GISWatch 2009’s theme of access to knowledge. Anriette Esterhuysen Association for Progressive Communications (APC) GISWatch is both a publication and a process. While producing an annual report which is published in Loe Schout print and online, it also aims to build networking and Humanist Institute for Cooperation advocacy capacity among civil society organisations with Developing Countries (Hivos) Preface / 7 Box 1: Extract from WSIS Plan of Action: ICT infrastructure C2. Information and communication infrastructure: An essential foundation for the Information Society 9. Infrastructure is central in achieving the goal of digital e. In the context of national e-strategies, address the inclusion, enabling universal, sustainable, ubiquitous and special requirements of older people, persons with affordable access to ICTs by all, taking into account rele- disabilities, children, especially marginalized children vant solutions already in place in developing countries and and other disadvantaged and vulnerable groups, in- countries with economies in transition, to provide sustain- cluding by appropriate educational administrative and able connectivity and access to remote and marginalized legislative measures to ensure their full inclusion in areas at national and regional levels. the Information Society. f. Encourage the design and production of ICT equipment a. Governments should take action, in the framework and services so that everyone, has easy and affordable of national development policies, in order to support access to them including older people, persons with an enabling and competitive environment for the nec- disabilities, children, especially
Load more

Recommended publications
  • International Benchmarking of Australian Telecommunications International Services Benchmarking
    telecoms.qxd 9/03/99 10:06 AM Page 1 International Benchmarking of Australian Telecommunications International Services Benchmarking March 1999 Commonwealth of Australia 1999 ISBN 0 646 33589 8 This work is subject to copyright. Apart from any use as permitted under the Copyright Act 1968, the work may be reproduced in whole or in part for study or training purposes, subject to the inclusion of an acknowledgment of the source. Reproduction for commercial use or sale requires prior written permission from AusInfo. Requests and inquiries concerning reproduction and rights should be addressed to the Manager, Legislative Services, AusInfo, GPO Box 1920, Canberra, ACT, 2601. Inquiries: Media and Publications Productivity Commission Locked Bag 2 Collins Street East Post Office Melbourne Vic 8003 Tel: (03) 9653 2244 Fax: (03) 9653 2303 Email: [email protected] An appropriate citation for this paper is: Productivity Commission 1999, International Benchmarking of Australian Telecommunications Services, Research Report, AusInfo, Melbourne, March. The Productivity Commission The Productivity Commission, an independent Commonwealth agency, is the Government’s principal review and advisory body on microeconomic policy and regulation. It conducts public inquiries and research into a broad range of economic and social issues affecting the welfare of Australians. The Commission’s independence is underpinned by an Act of Parliament. Its processes and outputs are open to public scrutiny and are driven by concern for the wellbeing of the community as a whole. Information on the Productivity Commission, its publications and its current work program can be found on the World Wide Web at www.pc.gov.au or by contacting Media and Publications on (03) 9653 2244.
    [Show full text]
  • APPENDICES to the Evidence of Michael Piaskoski Rogers Communications Partnership
    EB-2015-0141 Ontario Energy Board IN THE MATTER OF the Ontario Energy Board Act, 1998, S.O. 1998, c.15, (Schedule B); AND IN THE MATTER OF Decision EB-2013-0416/EB- 2014-0247 of the Ontario Energy Board (the “OEB”) issued March 12, 2015 approving distribution rates and charges for Hydro One Networks Inc. (“Hydro One”) for 2015 through 2017, including an increase to the Pole Access Charge; AND IN THE MATTER OF the Decision of the OEB issued April 17, 2015 setting the Pole Access Charge as interim rather than final; AND IN THE MATTER OF the Decision and Order issued June 30, 2015 by the OEB granting party status to Rogers Communications Partnership, Allstream Inc., Shaw Communications Inc., Cogeco Cable Inc., on behalf of itself and its affiliate, Cogeco Cable Canada LP, Quebecor Media, Bragg Communications, Packet-tel Corp., Niagara Regional Broadband Network, Tbaytel, Independent Telecommunications Providers Association (ITPA) and Canadian Cable Systems Alliance Inc. (CCSA) (collectively, the “Carriers”); AND IN THE MATTER OF Procedural Order No. 4 of the OEB issued October 26, 2015 setting dates for, inter alia, evidence of the Carriers. APPENDICES to the Evidence of Michael Piaskoski Rogers Communications Partnership November 20, 2015 EB-2015-0141 APPENDIX A to the Evidence of Michael Piaskoski Rogers Communications Partnership November 20, 2015 Michael E. Piaskoski SUMMARY OF QUALIFICATIONS Eight years in Rogers Regulatory proceeded by 12 years as a telecom lawyer specializing in regulatory, competition and commercial matters. Bright, professional and ambitious performer who continually exceeds expectations. Expertise in drafting cogent, concise and easy-to-understand regulatory and legal filings and litigation materials.
    [Show full text]
  • Initial Planning Document NPA 604 Numbering Relief
    Initial Planning Document NPA 604 Numbering Relief 250 604 CNA Science Applications International Corporation (SAIC Canada) July 27, 1999 As Presented on 24 September 1999 INITIAL PLANNING DOCUMENT NPA 604 NUMBERING RELIEF JULY 27, 1999 TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ......................................................................................................................... 1 2. INTRODUCTION ..................................................................................................................................... 1 3. CENTRAL OFFICE CODE EXHAUST .................................................................................................... 2 4. CODE RELIEF METHODS...................................................................................................................... 3 4.1. Geographic Split.............................................................................................................................. 3 4.1.1. Definition ...................................................................................................................................... 3 4.1.2. General Attributes ........................................................................................................................ 4 4.2. Distributed Overlay .......................................................................................................................... 4 4.2.1. Definition .....................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • PART a Definitions and General Terms 5 ITEM 100
    iTeraTEL Communications CRTC 15190 ACCESS SERVICES TARIFF Original Title Page ACCESS SERVICES TARIFF This Tariff sets out the rates, terms and conditions applicable to the interconnection arrangements provisioned to providers of telecommunications services and facilities. Issue Date: December 2,2019 Effective Date: January 15, 2015 Tariff Notice 1 iTeraTEL Communications Inc. CRTC 15190 ACCESS SERVICES TARIFF Original Page 1 Explanation of Symbols The following symbols are used in this Tariff and have meanings as shown: A Increase in rate or charge C Change in wording D Discontinued rate or regulation F Reformatting of existing material with no change to rate or charge M Matter moved from its previous location N New wording, rate or charge R Reduction in rate or charge S Reissued matter Abbreviations of Companies Names The following companies names are used in this Tariff and have meanings as shown: Aliant Aliant Telecom Inc. Bell Bell Canada Bell Aliant Bell Aliant Regional Communications, Limited Partnership IslandTel Island Telecom Inc. MTS MTS Allstream Inc. MTT Maritime Tel & Tel Limited NBTel NBTel NewTel NewTel Communications NorthernTel NorthernTel, Limited Partnership SaskTel SaskTel TBayTel TBayTel TCBC TELUS Communications Company, operating in British Columbia TCC TELUS Communications Company TCI TELUS Communications Company, operating in Alberta TCQ TELUS Communications Company, operating in Quebec Télébec Télébec, société en commandite Issue Date: December 2,2019 Effective Date: January 15, 2015 Tariff Notice 1 iTeraTEL Communications Inc. CRTC 15190 ACCESS SERVICES TARIFF Original Page 2 Check Page Issue Date: December 2, 2019 Effective Date: January 15, 2020 Tariff Notice 1 iTeraTEL Communications Inc. CRTC 15190 ACCESS SERVICES TARIFF Original Page 3 Table of Contents Page Explanation of Symbols 1 Abbreviations of Companies Names 1 Check Page 2 Table of Contents 3 PART A Definitions and General Terms 5 ITEM 100.
    [Show full text]
  • 49807 Bell AIF Eng Clean
    BELL CANADA ANNUAL INFORMATION FORM FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2001 APRIL 15, 2002 2001 T ABLE OF CONTENTS Annual Information Form for the year ended December 31, 2001 April 15, 2002 Documents Incorporated by Reference . .1 Documents incorporated by reference Part of Annual Information Form in Trade-marks . .1 Document which incorporated by reference Item 1 • Corporate Structure of Bell Canada . .2 Portions of the 2001 Bell Canada Financial Information Item 5 Item 2 • General Development of Bell Canada . .2 Item 3 • Business of Bell Canada . .3 General . .3 Principal Service Area . .5 Subsidiaries and Associated Companies . .5 Regulation . .8 Competition . .12 Capital Expenditures . .15 Environment . .15 Employee Relations . .16 Legal Proceedings . .16 Trade-marks Certain Contracts . .17 Owner Trade-mark Forward-Looking Statements . .18 Bell Canada Rings & Head Design Risk Factors . .18 (Bell Canada corporate logo) Bell Item 4 • Selected Financial Information (Consolidated) . .20 Bell World Item 5 • Management’s Discussion and Analysis . .21 Espace Bell Sympatico Item 6 • Market for the Securities of Bell Canada . .21 Bell ActiMedia Inc. Yellow Pages Item 7 • Directors and Officers of Bell Canada . .21 Bell Mobility Inc. / Bell Mobilité inc. Mobile Browser Item 8 • Additional Information . .23 Manitoba Telecom Services Inc. First Rate Schedule – Directors’ and Officers’ Remuneration . .24 Stentor Resource Centre Inc. / Datapac Centre de ressources Stentor Inc. Megalink SmartTouch AT&T Corp. AT&T MCI Communications Corporation Hyperstream OnStar Corporation Onstar NOTES: (1) Unless the context indicates otherwise, “Bell Canada” refers to Bell Canada and its subsidiaries Yahoo! Inc. Yahoo! and associated companies. (2) All dollar figures are in Canadian dollars, unless otherwise indicated.
    [Show full text]
  • Visions of Electric Media Electric of Visions
    TELEVISUAL CULTURE Roberts Visions of Electric Media Ivy Roberts Visions of Electric Media Television in the Victorian and Machine Ages Visions of Electric Media Televisual Culture Televisual culture encompasses and crosses all aspects of television – past, current and future – from its experiential dimensions to its aesthetic strategies, from its technological developments to its crossmedial extensions. The ‘televisual’ names a condition of transformation that is altering the coordinates through which we understand, theorize, intervene, and challenge contemporary media culture. Shifts in production practices, consumption circuits, technologies of distribution and access, and the aesthetic qualities of televisual texts foreground the dynamic place of television in the contemporary media landscape. They demand that we revisit concepts such as liveness, media event, audiences and broadcasting, but also that we theorize new concepts to meet the rapidly changing conditions of the televisual. The series aims at seriously analyzing both the contemporary specificity of the televisual and the challenges uncovered by new developments in technology and theory in an age in which digitization and convergence are redrawing the boundaries of media. Series editors Sudeep Dasgupta, Joke Hermes, Misha Kavka, Jaap Kooijman, Markus Stauff Visions of Electric Media Television in the Victorian and Machine Ages Ivy Roberts Amsterdam University Press Cover illustration: ‘Professor Goaheadison’s Latest,’ Fun, 3 July 1889, 6. Cover design: Coördesign, Leiden
    [Show full text]
  • Internet Hall of Fame Announces 2013 Inductees
    Internet Hall of Fame Announces 2013 Inductees Influential engineers, activists, and entrepreneurs changed history through their vision and determination Ceremony to be held 3 August in Berlin, Germany [Washington, D.C. and Geneva, Switzerland -- 26 June 2013] The Internet Society today announced the names of the 32 individuals who have been selected for induction into the Internet Hall of Fame. Honored for their groundbreaking contributions to the global Internet, this year’s inductees comprise some of the world’s most influential engineers, activists, innovators, and entrepreneurs. The Internet Hall of Fame celebrates Internet visionaries, innovators, and leaders from around the world who believed in the design and potential of an open Internet and, through their work, helped change the way we live and work today. The 2013 Internet Hall of Fame inductees are: Pioneers Circle – Recognizing individuals who were instrumental in the early design and development of the Internet: David Clark, David Farber, Howard Frank, Kanchana Kanchanasut, J.C.R. Licklider (posthumous), Bob Metcalfe, Jun Murai, Kees Neggers, Nii Narku Quaynor, Glenn Ricart, Robert Taylor, Stephen Wolff, Werner Zorn Innovators – Recognizing individuals who made outstanding technological, commercial, or policy advances and helped to expand the Internet’s reach: Marc Andreessen, John Perry Barlow, Anne-Marie Eklund Löwinder, François Flückiger, Stephen Kent, Henning Schulzrinne, Richard Stallman, Aaron Swartz (posthumous), Jimmy Wales Global Connectors – Recognizing individuals from around the world who have made significant contributions to the global growth and use of the Internet: Karen Banks, Gihan Dias, Anriette Esterhuysen, Steven Goldstein, Teus Hagen, Ida Holz, Qiheng Hu, Haruhisa Ishida (posthumous), Barry Leiner (posthumous), George Sadowsky “This year’s inductees represent a group of people as diverse and dynamic as the Internet itself,” noted Internet Society President and CEO Lynn St.
    [Show full text]
  • Spectrum Maanagement in Australia
    SPECTRUM MANAGEMENT FOR A CONVERGING WORLD: CASE STUDY ON AUSTRALIA International Telecommunication Union Spectrum Management for a Converging World: Case Study on Australia This case study has been prepared by Fabio Leite <[email protected]>, Counsellor, Radiocommunication Bureau, ITU as part of a Workshop on Radio Spectrum Management for a Converging World jointly produced under the New Initiatives programme of the Office of the Secretary General and the Radiocommunication Bureau. The workshop manager is Eric Lie <[email protected]>, and the series is organized under the overall responsibility of Tim Kelly <[email protected]>, Head, ITU Strategy and Policy Unit (SPU). Other case studies on spectrum management in the United Kingdom and Guatemala can be found at: http://www.itu.int/osg/sec/spu/ni/fmi/case_studies/. This report has benefited from the input and comments of many people to whom the author owes his sincere thanks. In particular, I would like to thank Colin Langtry, my Australian colleague in the Radiocommunication Bureau, for his invaluable comments and explanations, as well as for his placid tolerance of my modestly evolving knowledge of his country. I would also like to express my gratitude to all officials and representatives whom I visited in Australia and who assisted me in preparing this case study, particularly to those of the Australian Communications Authority for their availability in providing support, explanations, comments, and documentation, which made up this report. Above all, I am grateful to those who were kind enough to accept this report as a succinct but fair description of the spectrum management framework in Australia.
    [Show full text]
  • Privateline Magazine-November-December-1995.Pdf
    Volume 2, No. 6 Nov ember/December $4.50 rivate line a journal of inquiry into the telephone system Alexander Graham Bell CABLE STATION ... OPERATIONS J • > , t f CANADIAN i TELECOM, - PART2 DIGITAL TELEPHONY BILL UPDATE MICROWAVE PROPAGATION BASICS DEF CON Ill REVIEW INDEX TO PR/VA TE LINE, VOLUME2 As reported oo CBS "60 Mlnu111•: How cortaln de­ vices can slowd own - 1v1nslop - watthour mel11I- Damien Thorn's ceLLULAR+co MPUTERS+TELco+sEcuRrrv :!'~:~d:,,~r~~Jro~: :ii~~~/!l!~~~~~:~ scrlbesm eler creep, overload droop, elc. Plans $29. 1,0, MANUAL,Exte rnal maoneUcwa ys (applled lo the melerlts eH)l o slow down and slopwaltllo ur melers 1 ULTIMATE HACKER 2011 Cruc en t Dr ., P.O . Drawer 537 ;l'~Ed~s ~'io~ ~~~~~r ~e~~~s :~~ ~ Alamogordo , NM 8831 o error modes( many), ANSI Standards, etc.Dem and and ~ (5051 439-1776 439 -8551 · Polyphan Melen. E,perlmcntalresulls l o slow and 8A M _ 7PM MST, Mon_ sai stop metersby others. $19. Any 2, $38. All 3, $59. Ell.!G (5051 434-0234, 434 -1778 (orde,s FILE ARCHIVE ON CD-ROM only;W you g el voice,enler• 111 111· anyUme): 24-hr ATMcrlm11 , abuses,,u ln111blllUn and dalHls 11- Fcea Te c h Byooo n; (relates dlrecUy1 0 your posedl1 00+ methodsd eta!ed, Include:Physka l, Reg. orderor prospectiveOfde~: Tu••· and Thurs. only. E. cipher, PINcompromise. card counterteltino, mao­ lili.lllunJJ tdlltlJl~ ZJ!ll±.AddS5 neticslrlpe, fa lse froo~ TEMrEST, Van Ed<.tapping , 10131s;lffOS: Canada) . Al aemsIn slock. VI SA.M C11dOK. spoollng,Inside lob , •~r-<ool, vfbrallon,pulse, high The entire underground NoCODs °' 'bill me•s.Ne w Catalog (200+ olfersl $2 voltage- olhers.C ase his1<>f1es,law, comlermeasures, order $5'N1! (check or MO).li!l..d.Qlru.
    [Show full text]
  • Telecom Public Notice CRTC 2006-10
    Telecom Public Notice CRTC 2006-10 Ottawa, 7 July 2006 Continued need for the regulatory constraints applicable to toll and toll-free services Reference: 8661-C12-200608672 and 8661-B2-200605719 In this Public Notice, the Commission initiates a proceeding and invites comments on discontinuing certain regulatory constraints with respect to the basic toll services of Aliant Telecom Inc., Bell Canada, MTS Allstream Inc., Ontera, Saskatchewan Telecommunications, Société en commandite Télébec, Sogetel inc., and TELUS Communications Company. Application 1. The Commission received an application dated 9 May 2006 by Bell Canada, filed under Part VII of the CRTC Telecommunications Rules of Procedure (Bell Canada's Part VII application), seeking an order discontinuing the application of the regulatory constraints applicable to the company's basic toll schedules in its traditional Ontario and Quebec serving territories. 2. Bell Canada noted that in Forbearance – Regulation of toll services provided by incumbent telephone companies, Telecom Decision CRTC 97-19, 18 December 1997, as amended by Telecom Decision CRTC 97-19-1 dated 9 March 1998 (Decision 97-19), the Commission generally forbore from regulating certain incumbent telephone companies'1 toll and toll-free services, but, pursuant to section 24 of the Telecommunications Act (the Act), made the offering and provision of toll services subject to the basic toll constraints set out below (the basic toll constraints): • these telephone companies were to provide to the Commission, and make publicly available, rate schedules setting out the rates for basic toll service. These schedules were to include the 50 percent discount applicable to calls which originated from, and were billed to, the residence service of a registered certified hearing or speech-impaired Telecommunications Devices for the Deaf (TDD) user.
    [Show full text]
  • Telecommunications Service Providers IAC Codes, Exchange Carrier Names, Company Codes - Telcordia and Regions
    COMMON LANGUAGE® Telecommunications Service Providers IAC Codes, Exchange Carrier Names, Company Codes - Telcordia and Regions Telcordia Technologies Practice BR-751-100-112 Issue 2 April 1999 Proprietary — Licensed Material Possession or use of this material or any of the COMMON LANGUAGE Codes, Rules, and Information disclosed herein requires a written license agreement and is governed by its terms and conditions. For more information, visit www.commonlanguage.com/notices. An SAIC Company BR-751-100-112 TSP IAC Codes, EC names, Company Codes - Telcordia and Regions Issue 2 Copyright Page April 1999 COMMON LANGUAGE® Telecommunications Service Providers IAC Codes, Exchange Carrier Names, Company Codes - Telcordia and Regions Prepared for Telcordia Technologies by: Lois Modrell Target audience: Telecommunications Service Providers This document replaces: BR-751-100-112, Issue 1, March 1998 Technical contact: Lois Modrell To obtain copies of this document, contact your company’s document coordinator or call 1-800-521-2673 (from the USA and Canada) or 1-732-699-5800 (all others), or visit our Web site at www.telcordia.com. Telcordia employees should call (732) 699-5802. Copyright © 1997-1999 Telcordia Technologies, Inc. All rights reserved. Project Funding Year: 1999 Trademark Acknowledgments Telcordia is a trademark of Telcordia Technologies, Inc. COMMON LANGUAGE is a registered trademark of Telcordia Technologies. Proprietary — Licensed Material See confidentiality restrictions on title page. 2 BR-751-100-112 Issue 2 TSP IAC Codes, EC Names, Company Codes - Telcordia and Regions April 1999 Disclaimer Notice of Disclaimer This document is issued by Telcordia Technologies, Inc. to inform Telcordia customers of the Telcordia practice relating to COMMON LANGUAGE® Telecommunications Service Providers IAC Codes, Exchange Carrier Names - Company Codes - Telcordia and Regions.
    [Show full text]
  • Community Radio National Policy on Icts in Education
    • The second promising feature of this project is that National policy on ICTs in education while its operations are outsourced, the government Early this year, the Ministry of Human Resource Develop- retains control over operations. As a result, the profit ment (MHRD) initiated a process of formulating a National goals of the private operators are reasonably balanced Policy on ICT in School Education (NPISE). Given the huge with social objectives. potential and (pedagogical) complexities in using ICTs in Measures for success of the project, as defined by the project education, such policy guidelines are quite necessary. How- itself, include close linkages between development priori- ever, for meaningful policy formulation, it is essential that ties and technology, a good public-private partnership mix, the process be driven by education experts who are familiar and decentralised governance. These appear to have been with the education contexts, challenges and priorities in the achieved to a reasonably satisfactory level by the project, country, and who can visualise how ICTs can assist in mean- which sets a good example for others to follow. ingful academic transactions. In the case of the NPISE, the policy-facilitating process Legal and regulatory framework has been outsourced to private ICT4D12 organisations which do not appear to have the requisite experience in Indian edu- Community radio cation. Moreover, the policy-drafting group is dominated by Experiences in India and in other parts of the world suggest technology vendors, and has very few educationists, even that community radio stations give communities an oppor- though India has a strong and active education commu- tunity to voice issues that are of importance to them.
    [Show full text]