2/15 May 2015

All At SEAA | p 8 Ocean of Opportunities | p 11 Disease Transmission | p 13 WAZA Annual Report 2014 | insert IIII WAZA 2/15 WAZA 2/15 1

Lee Contents Editorial Ehmke President’s Page

Presidents of WAZA (Part Two) – Memories & Reflections Alex Rübel ...... 2 WAZA looks to the regional and Ed McAlister ...... 3 national associations to provide Gordon McGregor Reid ...... 4 assurance that the zoos and aquari- Mark Penning ...... 6 ums in their spheres of influence are Jörg Junhold ...... 7 meeting standards of professional All at SEAA ...... 8 conduct and animal welfare that cor- Ocean of Opportunities ...... 11 respond with WAZA’s Code of Ethics Animal to Human Disease Transmission ...... 13 and Animal Welfare. We also work WAZA Interview: Inger Andersen ...... 15 with partners like Wild Welfare to My Career: Eric Stephens ...... 16 investigate and where possible assist Book Reviews ...... 18 facilities that are not meeting mini- Announcements ...... 20 mum standards. In instances where First Biodiversity Award: Call for Applications ...... 20 improvement is not forthcoming, Recent Updates ...... 22 WAZA does have the option of sus- WAZA Decade Project: We Need YOU! ...... 22 pending or expelling members. This Whale Shark Research &Conservation ...... 23 is only done in circumstances where Breaking the Brand ...... 25 © Jean-Guy Python Gerald Dick at the WAZA Executive Office. all efforts to encourage and facilitate Wanted: New Holders for the Somali Wild Ass ...... 27 improvement through dialogue and New Exhibit News: Dear WAZA members and friends! © LE constructive criticism have failed. Afrikarium, Wrocław Zoo ...... 28 Lee Ehmke. Cats in Simon Bolivar Zoo ...... 30 This edition of the WAZA News features a second com‑ At the just-concluded mid-year WAZA Projects: pilation of former WAZA presidents’ memories as we meeting of WAZA Council, the diffi- Northern Bald Ibis in Italy ...... 31 celebrate our 80th year; a focus on marine species and Over the past several months there WAZA is not, and cannot be, a zoo/ cult decision was reached to suspend Northern Bald Ibis in Spain...... 32 procurement; and highlights the World’s Ocean Day. has been an unusually high level of aquarium “police force.” Lacking the membership of JAZA for failure Veterinary Capacity for Bears in SE Asia ...... 33 Over the last few months WAZA has faced media at‑ global media attention focused on jurisdictional authority or any other to comply with WAZA’s Code of Eth- International Studbooks ...... 34 tacks by an Australia ‑based dolphin advocacy group, WAZA. While it is often said that enforcement tools, WAZA’s primary ics and Animal Welfare, related to Call For Papers ...... 34 which has also initiated a legal procedure against “all publicity is good publicity,” in impact comes from our development the continued involvement of JAZA Obituary: Saul Kitchener ...... 36 WAZA in Switzerland. This group, under the misap‑ this case that is debatable, as for and articulation of strategies and the members in the Taiji dolphin drive prehension that WAZA is in some way the world’s zoo the most part the recent stories cross-pollination that comes from the hunt. This was only done after con- and aquarium “police,” has wrongly asserted that have been both unfairly critical and interaction of zoological profession- ducting an extensive and thorough WAZA has been supporting the Japanese dolphin drive wildly inaccurate. There appears to als from very different cultures and process of due diligence as required fisheries in Taiji, in contradiction to our commitments to be significant misunderstanding of economies. by our bylaws. While we regret los- conservation and animal welfare. what WAZA is and what we are able ing the opportunity to engage direct- In numerous statements WAZA has been very clear to do. Much of this misinformation – For 80 years WAZA has brought ly with JAZA to improve practices that the opposite is true. WAZA has worked tirelessly, whether intentional or not – has been together zoos (and more recently and to achieve mutual conservation attempting to use dialogue and persuasion with the generated by groups opposed to the aquariums) from across the globe. goals, this action was necessary to Japanese Zoo and Aquarium Association (JAZA) to infamous Taiji Japan dolphin ‘fishery.’ In its earlier years, this was limited lift up and support the great work of Imprint move toward an eventual phase out of the dolphin WAZA has consistently expressed op- to a few select major European zoos. the vast majority of WAZA members drive fishery, which we find unacceptable and not in position to the hunt and the live take As it has evolved, WAZA’s member- and associated zoos and aquariums Editor: Gerald Dick, compliance with our Code of Ethics. This has been an of dolphins for display that accompa- ship has expanded to include many committed to high standards of WAZA Executive Office extremely difficult issue, requiring balance between nies it, and has worked to convince zoos and aquariums from several animal welfare and effective conser- IUCN Conservation Centre diplomacy, discipline and strategic guidance. WAZA the members of the Japanese Asso- continents, and perhaps most impor- vation efforts. Rue Mauverney 28 Council has recently concluded an extensive process ciation of Zoos and Aquariums (JAZA) tantly now includes zoo associations CH-1196 Gland of due diligence and has reached a decision on suspen‑ to restrict or end their participation as members as well. Many of these Switzerland sion of JAZA’s membership in WAZA. In the next edition in the drive hunts. Despite WAZA’s associations, particularly the estab- Phone: +41 22 999 07 90 I will summarize the whole situation. efforts to use engagement and lished ones such as North American’s Fax: +41 22 999 07 91 In the meantime I wish to thank all members for their diplomacy to effect change, we have Association of Zoos and Aquariums …For 80 years support and patience, as in difficult situations we need been characterized as ineffective or (AZA), the European Association of Layout and typesetting: [email protected] a strong and united community. Some activist groups even complicit in the continued take Zoos and Aquariums (EAZA), but also WAZA has brought Cover drawing: Kimio Honda (WAZA thanks for his generous donation!) are using tactics intended to divide our community – of dolphins from Taiji. It is important including smaller and newer ones Print: Agentura NP, Staré Město, Czech Republic with the help of media – a damaging game that is not to recognize the distinction between like the Pan-African Association of together zoos at all in the interest of conservation. I would also like to regional zoo associations (which ac- Zoos and Aquariums (PAAZA), offer Edition: 900 copies | © WAZA 2015 thank members who have provided statements of sup‑ credit and monitor zoos) from WAZA, systems of accreditation and quality (and more recently port; this will be very useful for underscoring the value which serves as a global convener control related to the facilities, prac- This edition of WAZA News is also available on: of WAZA and the institutions that form our community. and catalyst for the strategic direc- tices and policies of their members. aquariums) from www.waza.org (members’ area) tion for the zoo/aquarium community. Gerald Dick across the globe. … Printed on FSC paper. Executive Director

ISSN: 1662-7733 2 WAZA 2/15 WAZA 2/15 3 Presidents of WAZA (part two): Memories and Reflections

Alex Rübel Ed McAlister WAZA President 2001–2003 WAZA President 2003–2005

It is a strange experience to suddenly I joined the IUDZG in 1991 shortly become president of an organization after taking up my position with the like WAZA. At the time, along with Royal Zoological Society of South Bernard Harrison from Singapore, Australia and attended my first I was a junior member of an ‘old conference in Vancouver in 1992. men’s club’. I was the youngest col- What a surprise! I found the organiza- league, and for that reason I felt that tion to be very conservative and the I needed to evolve immediately in papers being delivered by directors order to become a respected presi- were more like what I would have dent. This is because as president you expected from curators. After the are instantly accepted, recognized, conference I went whale-watching and approached on matters of all around Vancouver Island and found sorts concerning various issues such myself sharing a room with Uli as the evaluation of zoo and aquaria, Schürer of Wuppertal Zoo. At some the organization’s vision, and future © Zoo Zürich stage I confessed to Uli that, having strategies. Alex Rübel. left my “comfort zone” in Botanic Gardens, I was struggling a little with We youngsters thought that the But being president meant that there In 2005, before the WAZA meeting my decision to join the Zoo World. ideology of the ‘old men’s club’ did was more to do than just plan the in New York, George Rabb called me, Uli’s response was “Ed you will never not correctly represent the future future of one’s own institution. As the and together we set up a workshop make a Zoo Director!” My shock was structure of a powerful, modern, new president I was responsible for to alert people of the amphibian profound until he laughed, slapped © Archive EMcA and global conservation oriented bringing directors together to unite extinction crisis. Our workshop went himself on the stomach and said “To Edward McAlister. organization. We were eager to for a common purpose – the evolu- very well and we came to a resolution be a Zoo Director you must be at develop new strategies in order to tion of WAZA, using the power of to start the program. But to start the least 100 kg!” Joining Council in 1999 I was involved I enjoyed my time with the organi- advance conservation in many fields. many to achieve a common goal. program we needed money. Later the in a number of changes, not the zation and often said that we were In this regard my first CBSG meet- Together with my predecessor Willie same evening I had to leave the con- Over the next few years I settled in least being the change of name from more than colleagues; we met as ing in 1991, led by Ulysses Seal in Labuschagne and David Jones, we ference early, there was only a short well to the organization and under IUDZG through WZO to WAZA. The friends who shared a common pro- Singapore, was an eye opener. Yes, set up a fulltime secretariat and Peter amount of time to raise the $50’000. the leadership of people like Peter appointment of Dr. Peter Dollinger fessional interest and I believe the we could do conservation – and the Dollinger was appointed as Executive At our social dinner on a boat upon Karsten, Gunther Nogge, Willie as Executive Officer in 2000 was an organization was all the better for power that zoos and aquariums have Director. We raised our organiza- the Hudson River, I approached many Labuschagne and Alex Rübel we extremely positive move as was the that. I made many friends in various to save animals and habitat is greatly tion up to a new level and gave it the of my colleagues. When I left the boat changed to become a real conserva - decision to offer secretarial assis- parts of the world and I am still in underestimated. But how could we power to work as a think tank. for the airport, the full $50’000 was tion body. The decision to allow Zoo tance to the IZE and improve rela- contact with most, if not all, of them. do it, and how should we communi- collected or at least promised. This Associations to become members tionships there. I had the pleasure during my term as cate it to our public? When I took office, the first World was one of the best moments during allowed us to have influence on many President of attending conferences of Zoo Conservation Strategy was 10 my time as president. Colleagues more zoos and aquariums than previ- Among the important achievements AZA, ARAZPA, SEAZA, JAZA, EAZA With the knowledge I had of our abil- years old. Five years before, Gunther came together for our conservation ously when only Zoo Directors could were the acceptance of a Code of Eth- and PAZB and found them to be of ity to carry out effective conservation, Nogge led a workshop to evaluate cause, not just to talk about conser- be members. ics and a Code of Animal Welfare as great value to me in my career. I was I was inspired to develop strategies this first strategy, calledZoo Future vation, but to bring conservation to well as publication of the World Zoo also delighted on stepping down to to map out how we as a commu- 2005. It was time once again to talk action. The election process for Council was Conservation Strategy launched in see the baton taken up by our first nity could achieve this goal. William about a second improved edition. changed to make that body more Australia in 2005. Also important was female President, Karen Sausman in Conway’s exhibit Congo Forest gave Together with Ulysses Seal and Bert As president of WAZA, I considered representative of the spread of the resolution passed in Taipei in 2004 New York in 2005. The good work of the public a first glimpse into his in- de Boer, who had written the first my role to be a facilitator of new members around the globe and the to condemn drive fishing for dolphins. my predecessors has been continued novative approach to use the zoo as a edition of the World Zoo Conserva- developments; these developments election process for appointing the Unfortunately this brutal practice still by those coming behind and on the conservation educator and marketer. tion Strategy, we discussed the could be completed with the initiative President was made more democratic continues but at least WAZA’s posi- occasion of our 80th anniversary I wish Thereafter, I traveled to New York structure and were eager to also of many others. It was a great pleas- and transparent and the method of tion is clear. WAZA well for the future. to meet with him and discuss the include aquaria. Jo Gipps, Chair of ure to get to know so many dedicated deciding upon the venue for future future of our zoos and how to plan the WAZA conservation committee, people, and many of them became conferences was also made more Council meetings in Bern and else- the design of our exhibits to achieve and Onnie Byers, CBSG, took up the good friends. It’s amazing what indi- transparent. where were always hard work but educational goals. task of leading the workshop at the vidual zoos and aquariums can do for well worth-while as we did achieve a WAZA meeting in Vienna to start the conservation, and even more, what lot during them. Willie Labuschagne process of creating the new edition. they can achieve when they stand was probably the hardest task‑master Many of us still remember the incred- together. and I well remember him allowing me, ible enthusiasm and the mind map when my luggage failed to arrive in that we created there. The document Johannesburg, thirteen (13) minutes remarkably improved our common to buy a shirt and a pair of trousers as strategy and conservation output. there was lots to be done! 4 WAZA 2/15 WAZA 2/15 5 Presidents of WAZA (part two): Memories and Reflections

Gordon McGregor Reid WAZA President 2008–2009 …On becoming

Serving as President to work with In 2004 Ed had me working with Jo President I wanted a dedicated international team of Gipps and the Conservation Com- zoo professionals was an exhilarat- mittee on revising the World Zoo our remit to be ing privilege. I took office at the 62nd Conservation Strategy of 1993. This Annual Conference of WAZA Budapest, was transformed as the World Zoo more relevant, 2007. Previously I was ‘apprenticed’ and Aquarium Conservation Strategy as President-elect and as a Council (WZACS, 2005) and I contributed focused, inclusive Member under dynamic Presidents the headline title Building a Future Karen Sausman, Ed McCallister and for Wildlife. From my background and participatory… Willie Labuschagne. They engaged in aquatic conservation, Karen me in activities which flowed into my asked me to establish and Chair the own period of office. In 2000, Willie Aquarium Committee; and address appointed Chair of the new Market- the issue of what zoos could do about © WAZA ing and Public Relations Committee, the mass global extinction of frogs. Gordon and delegates at historical JAZA meeting on dolphins hunts, Narita, 2009. tasked to update the brand of the On becoming President I wanted our (then) International Union of Direc- remit to be more relevant, focused, with Conservation and Science with As an organisation we were certainly CBSG, we created a joint Climate tors of Zoological Gardens or ‘World inclusive and participatory; and to Veterinary. We worked with EAZA on becoming ‘united for conservation’. Change Taskforce under Paul Pearce Zoo Organisation’. I initiated an expand our good relationships with scientific responses to the WZACS However, we also needed to unite for Kelly. Among many acts to reduce annual series of Zoo and Aquarium regional associations, the Interna- (above) resulting in Developing the animal welfare and assist substand- global carbon dioxide emissions, Marketing Conferences and Work- tional Species Information System Research Potential of Zoos and Aquar‑ ard zoos. WAZA Council asked me WAZA supported a 2009 symposium shops (hosted in Denmark, Holland, and World Conservation Union (IUCN). © WAZA ia: The EAZA Research Strategy (2008). to investigate transfer of the global on the Coral Reef Crisis: Addressing Germany, Hungary, Tenerife and I worked with IUCN‑CBSG Chair Bob Gordon on slippery surface, St Louis. WAZA funded a symposium on nutritional software Zootrition to Threats of Climate Change and Ocean Canada). We came up with a new Lacy, Executive Director Onnie Byers Bio‑CryoBanks & Wildlife Conservation the International Species Informa- Acidification. title; a refreshed vision, mission and past IUCN Chair George Rabb to The AARK organised a global Year of in Germany. I gave a keynote pres- tion System, to make it ISIS-ZIMS and values; a new logo and website co‑found and co‑chair the Amphibian the Frog 2008 campaign to promote entation on ‘The Frozen Ark – saving compatible. The reconstituted Ethics Receiving our gratitude, Peter Doll- reflecting our global aspirations; and, Ark – a unique partnership of WAZA public awareness, raise funds and the DNA of endangered species’; and & Welfare Committee addressed a inger retired at the 63rd Annual Confer‑ crucially, the vocational strap-line and IUCN. New AARK Director Kevin engage in practical conservation. The co‑authored ‘Cryobanking of viable number of persistent ‘thorny’ prob- ence of WAZA in Adelaide. I formed a ‘United for Conservation’. All propos- Zippel and I became guest editors for associations responded vigorously, biomaterials: implementation of new lems, including pinioning of birds Panel to find a successor and, happily, als were unanimously approved by the 2008 International Zoo Yearbook delivering a very successful result. strategies for conservation purposes’ and the welfare of marine mammals. Gerald Dick was recruited. He had a our Members and the modern ‘World (Amphibians, volume 42) with the Jörg Junhold coordinated market- (Molecular Ecology 2009, volume 18). I led a WAZA delegation to Tokyo for distinguished career in zoological re- Association of Zoos and Aquariums’ introduction ‘Can zoos and aquariums ing aspects, including a real German a productive dialogue with JAZA on search and animal conservation and was born. ensure the survival of amphibians in Princess kissing a frog! We later I liaised closely with the Aquarium dolphin welfare and ‘drive’ fisheries. wanted to strengthen international the 21st century?’ managed to persuade Prince Charles Committee (now chaired by Mark My travel schedule became hectic links, including with RAMSAR and the to get involved and host an AARK Penning) to publish Turning the and I represented WAZA at events CBD. We represented WAZA for the th Gordon in uShaka Seaworld, Durban. event in his private UK residence. Jeff Tide: A Global Aquarium Strategy in Europe, India, Sri Lanka, Dubai, first time at the4 IUCN Conservation © WAZA Bonner and I staged a WAZA/AZA for Conservation and Sustainability Panama, Malaysia, Singapore, China, Congress Barcelona, 2008. Finally, we awareness-raising stunt in the USA (2009). This had a major impact, was Taiwan, Vietnam, Australia, the USA were mandated to organise a review for Washington politicians. The Dis- endorsed by international organisa- and South Africa. Following the latter of WAZA governance and objectives. ney organisation kindly lent Kermit tions, translated into many languages conference, I went scuba diving with Results were endorsed at the 64th the Frog to perform ‘live’ with us! and downloaded from the WAZA the (then) PAZAAB President Mark Annual Conference of WAZA in Saint website thousands of times. Subse- Penning and had a close encounter Louis and published as WAZA Vision Working with industrious WAZA Di- quent workshops involving WAZA, with a Zambesi Shark! and Corporate Strategy Towards 2020 rector Peter Dollinger, we improved IUCN and the aquarium community (2009). A key outcome was the move regional association representation resulted in me guest-editing ‘Fresh- WAZA had to address general issues of our headquarters to Gland, Swit- on Council and overhauled commit- water Fishes and their Conservation’ of emergency response, some related zerland, to work alongside IUCN. tees for better productivity, including (International Zoo Yearbook 2013, to climate change. Disastrously, in Membership and Finance. Education volume 47). Species recovery tied to May 2008, China experienced the Heartfelt thanks go to the many was conjoined with the International habitat restoration became a new Sichuan Earthquake – with 69,000 friends and colleagues who have Zoo Educators (allocated office space area of engagement for zoos. I gave a people killed, 5 million homeless contributed in so many different ways in the WAZA HQ). Population Man- keynote address at the first Fish Res‑ and major damage to infrastructure, to my Presidency and the vital WAZA agement replaced the Committee for toration Conference, hosted by Aqua- natural habitats and nature reserves. enterprise. Appropriately perhaps, Inter-regional Conservation Coop- Zoo, Dusseldorf. I highlighted the WAZA fundraised and organised sup- my final act as Immediate Past Presi - eration. We broadened committee strong complimentary links between port via CAZA. Mercifully the Giant dent was organising a partnership portfolios to include Sustainability work in situ and ex situ conducted in Panda Breeding Centre in Chengdu symposium, published as History of zoos, aquariums, universities, muse- escaped the worst of the earthquake Zoos and Aquariums: From Royal Gifts ums, hatcheries and wildlife agencies. and subsequent floods. Working with to Biodiversity Conservation (2014). 6 WAZA 2/15 WAZA 2/15 7 Presidents of WAZA (part two): Memories and Reflections

Mark Penning Jörg Junhold WAZA President 2010–2011 WAZA President 2012–2013

Serving as WAZA President meant The Global Experience – Being elect- many different things to me – it was a ed as WAZA President guarantees time of intense focus on issues shap- to really get to know the community ing our community, a time to reflect of the world’s leading zoos! I was on WAZA’s capacity for making sig- already used to travelling a lot since nificant conservation impact, and a the WAZA Council is a globally work- time of getting to know some amaz- ing institution but as President I was ing people. While it is true that the out of office even more often. These position carries a substantial weight travels were exhausting and time of responsibility, I’m sure few realize consuming BUT most beneficial for what a special opportunity it is to me. Getting to visit so many different spend so much time with the WAZA zoos and meeting their directors has Council and the WAZA executive taught me a lot about our organiza- team. The WAZA Council is a dynamic tion and its huge future possibilities. ensemble of very gifted and strong The WAZA Presidency truly is about individuals that all run relatively large experiencing global communication businesses. The collective experience with your international colleagues around the table is impressive, and © MP archive and to clearly see what we stand for. © archive JJ the geographic representation means Prof. Gordon McGregor‑Reid’s first ocean dive. Jörg Junhold (second from the left) at ALPZA Conference 2012. there will always be different per- At these social opportunities, the Secondly these two years of service spectives to discuss. The members of group would inevitably launch into to our organization are about working Council are, for the most part, strong “Shosholoza”, an Ndebele folk song with regard to contents. Over the last I did set – apart from other key But how to combat that? The schools alpha-personalities, and discussions that originated in Zimbabwe and two decades WAZA has developed points – the focus of my work as a have their unique role in teaching are always robust and thought‑pro- became immensely popular in South rapidly and keeps on doing so. We are President on the development of about nature and how to keep a pet voking. The WAZA Executive team is Africa. The song describes the toils growing in numbers and enhancing in a Global Animal Welfare Strategy. and care for it (if done correctly); this both dynamic and effective, and the of hard labour with the rhythm of contents and structure. This is another Why? It is not only because nowadays is a sort of “medicine” to learn about organization’s accomplishments are an oncoming train, with one person fact that I could experience during we seem to get more criticised by natural realities. testament to the character of these singing a solo line and the rest of the these two years of Presidency. WAZA animal welfare lobbyists and some- individuals and their commitment group responding by copying the line. is today so much more visible and times the public than during the But zoos are surely one place to to the conservation cause. Meet- Performed perhaps with the empha- works professionally expressed also previous decades and need a strong watch exotic animals and touch, ing at the WAZA offices in the IUCN sis on gusto rather than talent, the through its Executive Office than in reaction against that. I am generally smell and hear them. In a society that Headquarters in Gland was always a song rang out over the beaches of Sri © MP archive the first decades of its existence. The convinced that for the benefit of a exists between smart phones, tablets, highlight for me. Lanka, the desert scrub of the UAE, Final banquet in Köln. global association is well respected successful future we need to combine computers on the one hand and an the subways of Japan, and a rare amongst other NGOs and global or- animal welfare and species conserva- artificial entertainment industry on The Council meetings are long and sotto voce version outside the mag- ganizations and our influence is grow- tion in our zoos. If people feel that the other hand our role as a place of certainly taxing – and such labor nificent cathedral in Köln. I also recall We always made sure to spend time ing step by step. One example for this our animals have a good life they will reality is becoming more important must have its reward! I recall a meet- from years ago the song being heard around the meetings seeing the is that we are asked to take a position be much more willing to listen to our every day. Our educational responsi- ing of the Council in Sri Lanka, where across the Hudson River – a special nature of the region and getting to against all different kinds of issues. conservation messages and respect bility in this respect does not tolerate we thoroughly enjoyed sipping performance for Lady Liberty herself! know the people there. I particularly Another one is that we have signed a our engagement towards species small solutions – which means it is cocktails on the beach after long These sessions created a wonderful enjoyed walking the forests of Sri series of MoUs with international enti- survival. not sufficient to only place some ordi- days of intense concentration. One sense of camaraderie, and I believe Lanka with my fellow members of ties to foster the cooperation. nary animal signage at the enclosures. particular session culminated in a made the task thoroughly enjoyable. Council. I also felt very privileged to One final thought: I have asked We need to apply everything from night of frivolity in the hotel, with take Prof. Gordon McGregor-Reid, myself sometimes if the public today zoo schools to keeper talks, guided much singing and laughing. I found The highlight for me in terms of the WAZA President before my term, is willing to accept nature and natural tours and every form of interactive through experience that one has to product delivery is certainly the on his first ocean scuba dive, and …our role as processes at all. While using virtual information tool to implement the be careful when engaged in such publication of “Turning the Tide – the enjoyed an up-close experience with levels of the digital world and watch- full educational potential that we activities – one of our more recent Aquarium Community’s response to some forty sharks that were feeding a place of reality ing the anthropomorphic animals might generate. chairs is known for recording these the World Zoo and Aquarium Con- all around us. in comic films, especially for kids it scenes and playing them during the servation Strategy”. I was fortunate is becoming more seems hard to experience pure reality The role of our species as ambassa- member meetings at the annual to have several esteemed colleagues Overall, my term of office certainly these times. dors for their counterparts in the conference! Something that escaped provide input for this document, and kept me busy – I felt continually important every wild is much more important than us at the time was the extraordi- I believe we can all feel proud of the stimulated, challenged and produc- we usually tend to realise. narily high cost of refreshments in end product. Our next challenge is to tive. It also gave me the opportunity day… Let‘s make use of it! the mini‑bar, as an un‑named AZA reinvigorate the publication and make to work with some of the very finest executive officer discovered to her it more relevant to modern aquariums people I have ever met, and it is for horror the following day! that are evolving very quickly. that I am most grateful. 8 WAZA 2/15 WAZA 2/15 9

Ramon Barbosa and Craig Sowden – S.E.A. Aquarium All At SEAA

For more than a century, aquarium curators around the world have been designing exhibits by selecting and displaying aquatic animals in a wide variety of settings, from realistic reproductions of natural kelp forests and coral reefs, to the drowned ruins © SEAA of ancient civilizations or stunning Coral garden. otherworldly displays of sea jellies.

The creative process involved in Some exhibits are focused on a When setting up or adding to a com- curating an aquarium is an expression particular group of animal: live corals, munal exhibit, there are two factors of the curator’s philosophy of what seadragons and seahorses, sharks that are paramount for species selec- an aquarium should offer the visitor. and rays, nautili and cuttlefishes, tion: the history of that particular Here at the S.E.A. Aquarium, as well to name but a few. Others can be species under human care; and the as entertaining and providing an ex- behaviour focused, such as schooling, experience of the curators in man- citing experience for our visitors, our symbiosis, or the way aquatic animals aging the particular species in this philosophy is to educate them and use colour for camouflage or com- specific setting. inspire them with a deep respect for munication. © SEAA the animals and plants in our aquatic Introducing such a large number of Shark seas. habitats. In designing some of our exhibits, the individuals and species into a new curatorial team’s intention was to exhibit involves a meticulous spe- Many considerations are taken into teach the visitor about biodiversity, cies introduction schedule, in order An important aspect to the acquisi- The resulting impact on wild popula- Among all the species kept in aquari- account in the curating process of a taxonomy and ecology. For others, to minimise potential problems due tion of animals for the aquarium is tions, depending on the species, and ums, some require a large investment public aquarium. What type of exhibit we focused more on visitor percep- to interspecies interactions such as the origin of the animals. In order to where and how they are collected, in terms of equipment and time, to create, what to show and how to tions, and tried to imagine what predation or feed competition, and minimise the impact on wild popu- can differ greatly. Minimising this which translates into a high cost for show it? Biological considerations emotions we would like to evoke. Our intraspecies interactions such as lations, aquariums would prefer to impact, and complying with interna- each individual bred. One example of include stock density, species interac- Shark Seas exhibit, where visitors are territorialism or aggressive mating source their animals from captive tional rules and regulations regarding this is our Leafy seadragon (Phyco‑ tions and animal behaviour whilst surrounded by more than 130 sharks, behaviours. From a water quality bred, sustainable and ethical sources. endangered species, requires a highly durus eques) breeding programme. technical considerations include gives a feeling of drama, whereas standpoint, it is important not to However, the number of species responsible approach to be exercised Sometimes, aquariums will succeed the aquarium life support system’s in our Coral Gardens exhibit, where overwhelm the life support system’s available from aquaculture is not by curators and management. The in breeding without intervention or bio‑load, and its capacity to provide more than 100 species of brightly col- capacity by increasing the bio‑load enough to supply the variety that is supplier industry is largely based on additional effort. Simply providing suitable environmental conditions. oured reef fish swim around towering too quickly to avoid a build‑up of needed for a public aquarium. On one wholesalers who acquire the animals the adults with a suitable environ- coral walls, gives visitors feelings of toxic ammonia compounds. hand, only those species with a high from a broad network of collectors. In ment and good husbandry practices So, how many different types of ex- joy, serenity and wonder. market value or low production cost many cases they have no traceability can be enough to produce large hibits could we create? Possible com- During the process of choosing the are actively cultured, thereby limiting for their supply chain, little fisheries numbers of juveniles at no extra cost binations of theming and species are Over the years, many public aquari- exhibit’s inhabitants, it is also impor- the number of species available from management, and little control over to the aquarium. At S.E.A. Aquarium, virtually limitless, and whilst some ums have been built around the tant to take into account the lessons these sources. On the other hand, the collection methods. Despite the chal- examples of this are the Black- combinations may not be attractive, world, with some of the most recent learned from past experiences and research and development efforts in lenges of stocking a public aquarium blotched stingrays (Taeniura meyeni) there are many others we work with and largest ones in Asia. The S.E.A. mistakes regarding species mix and breeding species for the aquarium in a sustainable fashion, facilities and the Zebra shark (Stegostoma that provide the right blend of excite- Aquarium’s main display is our Open the numbers of individuals from each industry has been directed mainly around the world are committed to fasciatum) which, among other spe- ment and education for our visitors. Ocean habitat within 18.2 million litre species. Finding the right balance at those species with high commer- implementing sustainable practices. cies of sharks and rays, we are able exhibit containing over 150 species of between predators and pray is neces- cial value in the hobbyist trade. This to breed regularly. Sea jellies are also animals. When designing this exhibit, sary to minimise predation, which means that the majority of species One way for aquariums to reduce good example of our sustainability the approach adopted by our curators in turn will reduce the frequency of you will find displayed in public their impact on wild populations is to efforts, where we rely on our in‑house was to learn from history, using both restocking. To minimise food compe- aquariums are still procured from breed their own animals. Breeding breeding programme to restock most the successes and failures of other tition, it’s also important to take into wild sources. in aquariums occurs often, from tiny of our Sea jelly displays. aquariums to create a species mix consideration compatible feeding Pygmy seahorses to large Manta rays, that fulfils the needs of the animals, behaviours, and the size the animals seahorses, sea jellies and sharks. Suc- and the visiting public. can reach. cess in breeding an iconic species is due to experience, skills, knowledge, not to mention luck! 10 WAZA 2/15 WAZA 2/15 11

By Bill Mott – The Ocean Project The development of new breeding techniques is a major priority for many aquarists and curators glob- New 2015 Research Report Reveals ally, and the development of open platforms where knowledge can easily be shared, together with the an Ocean of Opportunities support of institutions in funding projects for species that are not commonly bred, are sorely needed to provide a more sustainable future for aquariums, and to protect wild Since being launched by several The most recent round of research by • Confidence in the power of indi- populations. aquarium leaders in the late 1990s, The Ocean Project, with our partner, vidual actions has declined signifi- The Ocean Project has been support- IMPACTS – with a sample size of over cantly since 2008. This may be due Another important aspect of ing aquariums and zoos to advance 11,000 respondents and gathered to a recognition that national and sustainability is the feed used ocean and climate conservation. during June-August 2014 through international action is needed to by aquariums, and sustainability As a critical foundation for helping online, telephone, and in-person sur- adequately address climate change. awareness must be extended to the © SEAA these organizations be grounded veys – includes the following impor- • The importance of the environment sources used to meet the nutritional Chrysaora chinensis. in solid data to achieve their mis- tant findings for zoos and aquariums: and ocean conservation are better requirements of aquarium animals. sions, The Ocean Project has helped understood in national security and Using certified sustainable food dramatically increase understanding • The public remains inspired by the personal health and wellness terms, suppliers, or acquiring feed from of public opinion about the ocean, ocean, and while people feel that especially with younger audiences countries where fishing practices climate change and related environ- they are well informed about envi- under the age of 25. are regulated to avoid overfishing is mental issues. ronmental issues (increased gradu- • People are eager for recommen- the preferred option. ally since 2008), they remain largely dations and strongly believe that Beginning with qualitative and quan- unaware of actual ocean issues. aquariums and zoos should suggest Our Aquarium consumes 2 tonnes titative research that took an initial • People are largely unwilling to ac- or recommend certain behaviors of fish feed derived from aquatic snapshot in 1998/1999, and expand- cept that the ocean as a whole is in or ways to help, but also need ac- organisms weekly, or 104 tonnes ing into a series of advanced surveys trouble, and most still do not make tions appropriate to the scale of the annually. The human population of using leading-edge approaches to the link between climate change issues, with this especially true for Singapore consumes 2,000 tonnes gather more than 100,000 opinions and the oceans. younger audiences. of seafood weekly or 104,000 (American adults, but also some • People generally care about the • The public sees membership in a tonnes annually. Here at the S.E.A. research in other countries) and environment and have positive feel- zoo or aquarium as a good way to Aquarium we are working towards regularly track changes since 2008, ings about the environmental move- contribute to ocean conservation. a totally sustainable seafood supply much has been learned about public ment and what it has accomplished. • While visitation to aquariums and for both our animals and our human perceptions of ocean-related environ- • People view aquariums and zoos as zoos has not been keeping pace visitors! © SEAA mental issues. Together with the help good sources of accurate informa- with population growth, there also Weedy seadragon (Phyllopteryx taeniolatus). of IMPACTS Research, and in collabo- tion about environmental top- is evidence that those institutions The S.E.A. Aquarium is a young ration with Monterey Bay Aquarium ics, including climate change and that highlight mission are outper- institution still gathering informa- and National Aquarium, The Ocean the oceans. They still see the best forming the rest. tion from our colleagues in aquari- Project’s research has developed into sources as the Internet, especially ums around the world, and making the single largest and most compre- audiences under the age of 25. Clearly, the public cares about the our contribution to conservation hensive investigation ever under- • People have a very high level of ocean, but still doesn’t see the initiatives led by organizations like taken on behalf of any environmental trust in aquariums and zoos, a rela- threats to the ocean or our chang- the World Association of Zoos and concern. This work was accomplished tively lower level for NGOs, and the ing climate as urgent enough to take Aquariums (WAZA), the Association primarily to assist zoos and aquari- lowest level of trust for government, the kind of dramatic action required. of Zoos and Aquariums (AZA) and ums engage their audiences more especially at the national level. Despite an enormous collective effort the Zoo and Aquarium Association effectively for measurable conser- • The public remains interested in be- in communicating with and educating (ZAA). We still have a long way to vation outcomes and impact. The ing “green,” and people are espe- the public, we have not yet succeed- go, with many more discoveries to research, therefore, has also focused cially keen on the idea of teaching ed in convincing enough people that make and industry contributions on the critical roles that these institu- the youngest generations ways to ocean issues are urgent and deserve to provide. Through research, hard tions can play in advancing ocean and be “green,” and see taking a child to attention. That said, however, the work and diligence, we will achieve climate conservation. an aquarium or zoo as a way to give research also shows lots of exciting the goals set forth by our institu- that child an edge or advantage in opportunities for aquariums and zoos tions, stakeholders and collabora- their academic development. to become bolder leaders for conser- tors, in South East Asia and world- • Increasingly, people recognize that vation impact, as it supports the shift wide: to entertain and educate our © SEAA climate change is an important is- we’ve started to see with more and visitors, and to care for and protect Bowmouth guitarfish (Rhina ancylostoma). sue, but they tend to see it as more more of zoos and aquariums moving our animals, and their wild cousins of a long‑term and distant problem. away from a focus on raising aware‑ in the world’s oceans. • Individuals do not see that they ness of the problems and towards have much ability to influence engaging visitors in the solutions. www.rwsentosa.com/language/en-US/Homepage/Attractions/SEAAquarium climate change, and they tend to see the solutions as coming from technology. 12 WAZA 2/15 WAZA 2/15 13

Karen Saylors – Metabiota, Inc Animal to Human Disease Transmission: a Snapshot of a Global Surveillance System

The majority of all human infec- tious diseases and pandemics have originated through the transmission of microorganisms from animals to humans. However, as most animal pathogens are not easily transmit- ted to humans, it follows that for an animal pathogen to become a specialized pathogen in humans, pen- etrating the species barrier, multiple variables must combine in a dynamic process of cross-species transmission. Zoonotic transmission of pathogenic agents, or the transfer from animals to humans, is the most prevalent mechanism by which emergent diseases have come to afflict humans Figure 1 Animal to human disease transmission. throughout history, accounting for © MBA – Randy Wilder around 75% of all emerging infectious Figure 1 shows the five stages through What is known is that the interface 1 Monterey Bay Aquarium. diseases . Indeed, one key lesson which pathogens of animals evolve to between humans and animals is from past pandemics is the pivotal cause diseases confined to humans. of paramount importance in the importance of the human-animal At the broadest level, the microbe is process. For instance, it is now Based on the research, it’s time to try interface. For an animal pathogen to found in animals but has not been generally accepted that the early some different approaches to ensure become a successful human patho- detected in humans. At the next 20th century hunting and butchering that visitor-serving organizations About The Ocean Project gen, it must evolve into a patho- stage there is primary transmission, of wild non-human primates led to achieve greater measurable progress gen capable of not only infecting where the disease is transmitted from the introduction of simian immuno- in our lifetimes. We need to do more, humans, but of maintaining long animals to humans, but there is no deficiency virus (SIV) into the human and the research not only tells zoos The Ocean Project advances ocean conservation in partnership term human-to-human transmis- human-to-human transmission. Ex- population, giving rise to our modern and aquariums that the time is right with zoos, aquariums, and museums and other visitor-serving sion. Examples of pathogens that are amples of this are anthrax, tularemia, day HIV pandemic. In our work at Me- to recalibrate our efforts to engage organizations around the world. Our aim is to help partner aquariums understood to be zoonotic in nature Nipah, rabies, and West Nile virus. tabiota, we have demonstrated that and inspire the public in conservation, and zoos effectively educate and communicate for action with their but that have jumped the species Stage three involves secondary trans- the traditional practice of hunting but it also reassures us that our doing visitors and the public, helping to change attitudes and behaviors barrier to become exclusively human mission, where the disease is trans- and butchering non‑human primates is likely to be rewarded with higher for conservation. diseases are HIV, smallpox, measles, mitted from animal to human, acco- continues to be a gateway for the levels of trust and attendance. tuberculosis, and syphilis, some of npanied by limited human‑to‑human zoonotic transmission of retroviruses. Since its formation in the late 1990s, The Ocean Project has history’s most troubling diseases. transmission; examples include Ebola, For instance, in central Africans re- The Ocean Project looks forward to grown from a handful of founding North American organizations – These once animal-now human Marburg, monkeypox, and SARS. porting contact with non-human pri- collaborating with more zoos and including the Monterey Bay Aquarium, National Aquarium, agents either diversified away from Stage 4 involves extended outbreaks mate blood and body fluids through aquariums, to help them step up to New England Aquarium, New York Aquarium, and Vancouver their animal origins or existed in our in both animal and human popula- hunting, butchering, and keeping the challenge, re‑double efforts to Aquarium, with the Association of Zoos and Aquariums and common ancestor with chimpanzees tions; examples include yellow fever, primate pets, we identified a wide ar- advance climate and ocean conserva- SeaWeb – into the world’s most extensive network for advancing and co‑speciated into human‑specific dengue, and influenza. In Stage 5, the ray of primate T-lymphotropic viruses, tion, and help you effectively engage ocean education and action. Our growing network includes diseases after our split from the chim- pathogen has become an exclusively including two novel viruses that had with your individual visitors and approximately 2,000 aquariums, zoos, science, technology, and panzee lineage 5–7 million years ago. human agent that is highly evolved for not previously been described as achieve greater conservation success natural history museums, and other education and conservation human-to-human spread; examples infecting humans. as institutional anchors in communi- organizations, agencies, and institutions in all 50 U.S. states and are HIV, smallpox, and TB. Relatively ties around the world. Our future 80 other countries that together serve more than 400 million little is known about the factors that depends on it. visitors each year. lead to the transition from one stage to the next as a pathogen of animal origin moves through the levels of this 1 Jones KE, Patel NG, Levy MA, et al. Global pyramid, ever increasing its ability to http://theoceanproject.org trends in emerging infectious diseases. reside in the human population and Nature 2008 Feb 21;451(7181):990‑3. be transmitted throughout it. 14 WAZA 2/15 WAZA 2/15 15

These results demonstrate that entry In addition to a growing urban Chester Zoo, Islands WAZA Interview of pathogens into the human popula- demand for bushmeat, which has Inger Andersen tion via contact with non-human become a multibillion‑dollar busi- Advertising primates is an ongoing, dynamic ness, greater access to primate IUCN Director General process. For this reason, Metabiota habitats provided by logging roads continues to engage wildlife disease has increased the amount of hunt- experts in key areas around the ing in Africa, which has increased Being a Danish national, she has been passionate world to provide wildlife surveillance the frequency of human exposure about environmental sustainability and conserva- expertise and monitoring, especially to primate retroviruses and other tion since the beginning of her career. Prior to joining focused on key species such as pri- disease-causing agents. IUCN in January 2015, she was Vice President for the mates, rodents, and bats. Middle East and North Africa at the World Bank, and As trade becomes increasingly glo- was responsible for leading the Bank’s strategy as Metabiota has an extensive global balized and the demand for exotic well as policy and operational engagement with the © WAZA network that provides us with the meats increases, wildlife trade Region during a time of complex and challenging Inger Andersen and Gerald Dick in her IUCN office. framework to identify, analyze, and makes the future of wild species historic transition. investigate health threats. We oper- increasingly fragile. To reduce risk ate locally in infectious disease hot for emerging zoonoses, zoo and How was your transition from the Given that IUCN focusses its efforts WAZA, with its broad, global out- spots with extensive multidisciplinary sanctuary staff must educate the bright lights of Washington, D.C. to on a number of global challenges and reach, and direct access to the networks. For many years, we have public about the risks associated the small town of Gland, Switzerland? holds a unique position in the field of general public, can be instrumental worked with primate sanctuaries with wildlife, bushmeat, and exotic conservation, what do you hope the in helping us communicate this and zoos, and protected gorilla and pet trades, and proper disease The transition has been truly refresh- organisation’s main contribution to important message. We are not here bonobo reserves in Central Africa, surveillance systems should be ing. Coming from a busy capital to the world stage will be? to conserve nature just for nature’s regularly monitoring primate illness implemented institutionally. a beautiful village surrounded by sake – we are doing it for the sake of evolution, SIV sero-conversion and majestic mountains and overlook- IUCN is unique in that it is a union our own well‑being, too. treatment, animal die‑offs and autop- Most emerging infectious diseases ing a stunning lake has given me the of governments, non-governmental sy, and monitoring animal caretak- are zoonotic, and wildlife is an breathing space that one can easily organisations, and world-class scien- Do you have any specific expecta- ers and wildlife contact, in locations important reservoir for emergent miss in a big city. The picturesque tists and experts, as well as more than tions from our community? What where there is close regular contact and reemergent diseases. Zoos scenery here is a daily reminder of a thousand dedicated staff in offices are your wishes to strengthen the between animals and humans. Zoos and sanctuaries have an important how important nature is for our around the world. There is barely an partnership between our two organi- and sanctuaries are particularly role to play in disease surveillance well‑being, and how crucial it is for environmental issue that IUCN does sations? important in the regional surveil- and zoo leaders and vets must be organisations such as IUCN and not address. We know that nature lance of emerging infectious animal vigilant in the monitoring of animal WAZA to conserve it, for ourselves provides solutions to some of today’s IUCN is only as good as the sum of diseases, and in Central Africa, zoos illness symptoms and spread, in and for future generations. most pressing challenges, such as its parts. Nothing we do would come often serve as sanctuaries for animals the attempt to contain and limit climate change, food and water secu- to fruition without our partners, our who have been wounded or orphaned zoonotic disease spread to other At the same time, in many ways rity, health, and economic develop- members, and our experts – they due to hunting, which is increasingly species, including to human popu- IUCN reminds me of D.C. It is a truly ment. Our ambition is to inform and are our reality check and the imple- problematic for threatened species as lations. multicultural place with a globally motivate the different sectors, from menters of conservation action on human populations expand and en- important mission. Being here really agriculture and food to finance and the ground. WAZA is no exception croach on wildlife habitat. In Central feels like we’re making a difference trade, to value nature and to address to this. The global zoo and aquarium Africa, wild animal meat, also called on an international scale and that is it as a top priority. We want to ensure community spends around US$ 350 ‘bushmeat’ is regularly consumed and extremely motivating. that nature continues to provide us million on wildlife conservation is highly sought after; increased hunt- with the myriad benefits that we cur- every year, and I would like to see our ing puts wildlife in danger, so zoos You joined IUCN after many years at rently take for granted. continued collaboration to make sure and sanctuaries are important to the the World Bank. How will that indus- this important work carries on. Given conservation of many at-risk species. try experience influence your leader- What can WAZA members do to that zoos and aquaria are in a prime ship as Director General of IUCN? strengthen action towards the IUCN position to present information to the vision of ‘a just world that values and 700 million visitors that walk through Stepping from development finance conserves nature’, and intensify our their gates every year, I would like to at the World Bank to nature con- cooperation to tackle environmental see us build stronger links between servation here at IUCN, I am struck challenges, given that WAZA’s mis- the WAZA community and IUCN’s …one key lesson from past pandemics by the urgent need to bring these sion is ‘United for Conservation’? Commission on Education and Com- two worlds together. Natural capital munication. Conservation education is the pivotal importance of the must not be overlooked. It must be Although we are doing our best to is often the first step in generating included and respected as a vital part communicate the importance of positive conservation action, and one human‑animal interface… of the global economic landscape. conservation and the benefits it which IUCN and WAZA can take to- I hope I can help bring about mean- brings, the message does not seem gether to ensure a wider appreciation ingful change and, with the business to be reaching enough people and for and will to conserve our planet’s sector, develop new and effective organisations. Too many people natural wonders. ways of valuing nature. are still unaware that our lives truly depend on nature and that nature can provide solutions to some of our biggest problems. 16 WAZA 2/15 WAZA 2/15 17 My Career Eric Stephens

Retirement on the World Biodiversity Day? © Zoo Miami Eric, 1981.

© Zoo Miami Eric, 2015. I still cannot quite grasp what this might mean for me. Thirty five years at Zoo Miami, my entire adult life, and now I am supposed to be smart © Zoo Miami enough to know what to do next. One of the assignments I had then Eric, 1982. I have to say I am still working on that, was the completion of all of the so anyone out there with some great animal transactions, so I was able to concern was replacing the tree can- suggestions please let me know! learn a tremendous amount about opy. Not only were exhibits in need our collection, and also meet a large of new trees but I believe we planted I worked the opening day of the zoo number of zoo professionals. An in- somewhere close to 10,000 new trees as a crowd control volunteer. The valuable time for a young manager. throughout the zoo. Shade in Miami exhibit area where I was assigned I spent a great amount of time with is always a challenge, and when your that day is now gone, making the way our curatorial staff, learning about entire canopy is eliminated in one for new exhibits for black bear and their challenges, what they needed in day, it’s hard to comprehend, and it’s I became Director in 1998 and Zoo Zoo Miami has been awarded two Conservation and Research work at panther. Opening a brand new zoo is order to get the job done, and about also hard to re‑establish. As such, we Miami became a member of WAZA Edward H. Bean awards from AZA the zoo has resulted in accomplish- a herculean task and I must acknowl- the animals in our care. continue to plant additional trees and in 2004. WAZA meetings have been for significant breeding accomplish- ments highlighted by WAZA branded edge the man who made that happen provide shade structures every year. a highlight of my time at Zoo Miami. ments. One, for the first captive birth programs in Belize and long terms in Miami, Bob Yokel. Bob is deceased Hurricane Andrew struck the zoo in Complete repairs were not achieved Learning from colleagues around of an aardvark and the second for efforts in Africa and Panama through now but he deserves a lot credit in 1992 causing approximately $15.0 until we were able to celebrate the the world broadens your perspective our crocodilian breeding program. the tireless efforts of our Conser- the opening of this zoo and running it million in damage, which would be opening of the American Bankers on so many things, from programs We have also been awarded a North vation & Research Department, for its first 15 years. more than $23.25 million dollars Family Aviary in 2003. Hurricane to conservation projects, to building American Conservation Award for Dr. Frank Ridgley, DVM, and Ron in 2015. Every building needed a season is an intensely focused time new exhibit complexes. Building and collaborative work on Puerto Rican Magill, our Zoo Ambassador, respec- We are located on 740 acres (336 hec- new roof, and we replaced all but a for us each year and we certainly feel creating is always exciting and we Crested Toads and an International tively. Soon to be in effect is the use tares) on an old blimp base, formerly fraction of the fencing in the entire like amateur meteorologists follow- have done a lot of building over the Conservation Award for our joint of the first in‑vessel composter at a known as the Richmond Naval Air facility. The greatest loss of animal ing each developing storm as they last 17 years with $130.0 million worth work with Matchie’s Tree kangaroos U.S. zoo to produce fertilizer for not Station. Some remnants of the old life was concentrated in our Asian cross the Atlantic Ocean, the Gulf of of capital construction either already in Papua New Guinea. Exciting births only our own use but for future sale base remains today, our parking aviary where we lost approximately Mexico or the Caribbean Sea. completed or scheduled to finish next and hatchings are a special treat to the public. Our Education pro- lots served as landing strips for the 100 birds. I was in charge of the dam- year. This includes a 27 acre expansion for all of us and while it’s difficult to gramming continues to grow with the blimps and we use the old ammuni- age assessment tasks and working called Amazon and Beyond which highlight just a few, I have to point launch of BioTech, a full‑fledged high tion bunkers for plumbing, electrical with the federal government on opened in December, 2008. Florida out the 27 successfully hatched (one school on zoo grounds with curricu- and animal shipping storage. The zoo re‑building. Much of the repairs were Mission Everglades will bring a new clutch) komodos, many of which lum developed by both staff from the moved to its current location in the completed in a timely fashion and the modern entry and exhibits highlight- have been sent all over the world, Zoological Society of Florida and the late 1970’s from the now closed Cran- zoo was able to re‑open after being ing the animals of the Everglades in and the births of both black rhinos public school system. don Park Zoo because of the threat closed for four months. Of particular 2015/16. We are very happy to be able and a greater Indian rhino. Adding to from hurricanes. Some of you may re- to enrich and educate our community these highlights are three successive I look forward tremendously to member its director, Gordon Hubbell, and our visitors about the natural hatchings of Jamaican Island iguanas continuing to attend WAZA confer- DVM, who was a member of WAZA’s world through these exhibits and as well as births of gorillas, chimps ences in the future as a Life Member predecessor, IUDZG. I started at the to provide options for them on how and orangs. Javan pond herons and to keep up with new developments as zoo in August of 1980 working in the …educate our visitors about the natural they can be more involved at home. Philippine banded rails are recog- well as old friends. administrative office managing budg- Another keen interest of mine has nized as captive first hatchings, and ets and monitoring expenditures. As world through these exhibits and to provide been in the professional development we continue with an active program Cheers! the years progressed, I became the of zoo and aquarium staff. I served for breeding harpy eagles. Our sole suc- Zoo Business Manager and picked options for them on how they can be more seven years on the AZA Board of Re- cessful breeding of Asian elephants up personnel, warehouse operations, gents, now the Professional Develop- has resulted in that offspring now be- security, maintenance, transporta- involved at home… ment Committee, ultimately serving ing a proven breeder bull at another tion services and later, animal science. as Chair. I am particularly pleased U.S. institution. that the course entitled “Principals of Elephant Management” had its begin- nings during my tenure and that the schools are still thriving today. 18 WAZA 2/15 WAZA 2/15 19 Book Reviews

Gerald Dick – Gerald Dick – Markus Gusset – Markus Gusset – WAZA Executive Office WAZA Executive Office WAZA Executive Office WAZA Executive Office Besuch im Zoo Biodiversität: Grundlagen, The IUCN Red List: IUCN Guidelines (A Zoo Visit) Gefährdung, Schutz 50 Years of Conservation on the Use of Ex situ By Thomas Sbampato (Biodiversity: Principles, By Jane Smart, Craig Hilton-Taylor Management for Haupt Verlag, Bern, 2015 | 132pp Threats and Conservation) and Russell A. Mittermeier Species Conservation ISBN 978-3-258-07881-6 By Rüdiger Wittig Earth in Focus, Washington DC, By IUCN Species Survival and Manfred Niekisch 2014 | 291 pp Commission The author is a passionate photogra- Springer Spektrum, Berlin, ISBN 978-1-4951-1525-7 (hardcover) Gland, 2014 | 15pp pher who used to prefer adventure Heidelberg, 2014 | 585pp tours in North America and looking ISBN 978-3-642-54693-8 This book combines stunning wildlife As habitats and ecosystems for bears. Only after his work with ISBN 978-3-642-54694-5 (eBook) photography with the voices of IUCN become increasingly altered and children he began to realise the im- experts and renowned conservation- populations evermore impacted by portant role of zoos which led him to The authors mention in the intro- ists to celebrate 50 years of outstand- human activities, a growing number write this book. With over 200 photos duction that the book is designed Other chapters deal with the value ing effort and achievement by a of species will require some form of he introduces 17 species in zoos. After to inspire readers to take action for of biodiversity, ecosystem services worldwide network of scientists and management of both individuals and each narrative a factsheet is present- biodiversity in their private as well and threats to biodiversity such as partner organisations that together populations to ensure their survival. ed together with an empty patch for as professional environment. One habitat deterioration, influence of build and maintain The IUCN Red List Effective species conservation plan- drawings and a questionnaire about chapter therefore is dealing with neobiota, leisure activities, traffic and of Threatened Species. One of these ning should consider all options when behaviour and biological features. practical tips for species conserva- light emissions. A separate chapter partner organisations is a WAZA assessing what actions are necessary On 29 August 2014, the revised Apart from the presented species like tion, legal frameworks and the work deals only with the effects of climate member – the Zoological Society of to address the conservation pressures Guidelines on the Use of Ex situ meerkat, lynx, elephant, gorilla, wolf, of NGOs. The significance and work change and the influence on various London (ZSL). facing a particular species. Ex situ Management for Species Conserva- great panda or panther chamaeleon of zoos, museums and botanical ecosystems as well as addresses win- management is one possible option tion were approved by the IUCN SSC the reader can find additional infor- gardens is highlighted in respect to ners and losers. Written by Jane Smart, Craig Hil- that can contribute to the conserva- Steering Committee. The revised mation on the website of the publish- research, conservation and recrea- ton-Taylor and Russell A. Mittermeier tion of threatened species. guidelines provide practical guid- er. In those videos one can learn more tion. The authors also stress that the This textbook is the best start for and edited by Cristina Goettsch Mit- ance on evaluating the suitability and about keeping the animals and their book is targeting the German speak- everybody interested in the complex- termeier, founder of the International To revise the IUCN Technical Guide- requirements of an ex situ component behaviour. Other chapters deal with ing part of Europe, hence the book is ity of ecology in the wider context of League of Conservation Photogra- lines on the Management of ex situ for achieving species conservation exhibt design, research carried out only available in German. This is a pity the overall biological diversity, the phers, the book was published by Populations for Conservation, a work- objectives, and can be applied across in zoos and the different professions because it is rather a general text- societal and political implications. CEMEX on the occasion of the Red ing group was established to clarify all taxa, geographic levels and live which one can find in a zoo. book on biodiversity than a German The design of the book is very appeal- List’s 50th anniversary in 2014. the process and bring the guidelines entities (e.g. individuals or gametes). centric publication. Apart from trac- ing and nearly every page has graphs, into line with developments that had The decision-making process outlined This book is a nice mixture of text- ing the origin of the term biodiversity, tables or photos for illustration and a The book recounts the history of taken place since their publication in is appropriate both for existing ex situ book and working book for teenagers providing definitions and insight in better understanding. the Red List and demonstrates its 2002. This revision was undertaken programmes as well as for species and beyond, something which can be the various parts and aspects of this value as an unparalleled goldmine of by individuals involved in a range of that currently have no ex situ compo- extremely helpful for education work complex concept one can find basic knowledge to guide critical conser- taxonomic and disciplinary Spe- nent. in zoos. Unfortunately, the book is information about evolution, geo- www.springer-spektrum.de vation action. The book includes cialist Groups of the IUCN Species only available in German language at logic history, biomes and the various sections on the illegal wildlife trade, Survival Commission (SSC), in situ the moment. concepts of priority setting (hotspots, the Aichi Biodiversity Targets, con- conservation organisations, the zoo Free download: megadiversity, ecoregions, key biodi- servation success stories, as well as and aquarium community (including www.iucn.org/about/work/pro- www.haupt.ch/zoo versity areas and others). testimonials of Red List partners, all WAZA), and numerous other stake- grammes/species/publications/ alongside beautiful photographs and holders. A drafting team was formed iucn_guidelines_and__policy__ descriptions of threatened animals, under the auspices of the IUCN SSC statements/ plants and fungi. Conservation Breeding Specialist Group (CBSG), comprising Kristin The book discusses the conservation Leus (CBSG Europe and Copenhagen challenges ahead and IUCN’s goal Zoo), Kathy Traylor-Holzer (CBSG) of expanding the Red List into a true and Philip McGowan (Galliformes “Barometer of Life”. The target is to Specialist Group). increase the number of species as- sessed to 160,000 by 2020, more than doubling the Red List’s current size. This significant increase in species knowledge will provide a stronger base for effective conservation ac- tion to combat the extinction crisis and halt the loss of biodiversity. An Free download via iTunes: encouraging number of WAZA mem- https://itunes.apple.com/us/book/ bers already use the Red List logo and iucn-red-list-50-years-conservation/ threat category scales. id934571728? mt=11 20 WAZA 2/15 WAZA 2/15 21 Announcements Yara de Melo Barros – Brazilian Zoos and Aquarium Society WAZA’s First Biodiversity Award The Year of the Maned Wolf

We are looking for the best examples A campaign will be developed by of implementation of the Biodiver- the Brazilian Zoo and Aquarium sity is Us campaign. We want to take Society in 2015 in partnership with 8th June 2015 the opportunity at the WAZA annual the “Program for the Conservation of conference this year to highlight ex- the Maned Wolf – Lobos da Canas- For 2015, under the theme Healthy amples of implementation and draw Please do send a short 3 min tra (wolves from Serra da Canastra, oceans, healthy planet, hundreds attention to the contribution of a video including a brief interview state of Minas Gerais)” through its of zoos and aquariums and other number of ‘champions’ of implemen- of zoo staff to Tiago Pinto Pereira by coordinator, Rogério Cunha, from organizations will be recognizing tation. We are looking for innovative 7 September 2015. The video can be the Centro Nacional de Predadores the day, through celebrations and and most visible uses of the cam- as simple as a smartphone recording. If you have not yet done so, now is (National Research Center for the events. A major conservation goal paign material. The winners will receive a prize for the time to implement the Biodiver- Conservation of Natural Predators) / If your institution has educational ma- this year is to help people reduce their outstanding contribution and be sity is Us tools in your institution and CENAP – ICMBio. The campaign will terials on the maned wolf, we would their disposable plastic use, to [email protected] recognized in front of their peers. make use of these tools! include materials to be distributed in love to work with you and include this keep the ocean and its animals zoos and aquariums (booklets, stick- material in the website. safer and healthier. ers, membership cards, posters) and a website providing information about We want this to be an international Here are a few ways zoos and WAZA Delhi Conference Proceedings Published The Photo Ark at Your Zoo the project, such as recreational and awareness campaign focusing on the aquariums can celebrate World educational activities that can be need for conservation of the maned Oceans Day: The proceedings of the 69th WAZA After the keynote speech at the used in the classroom and also by the wolf, and we ask for your cooperation Annual Conference have been WAZA 69th Annual Conference in New zoos’ environmental education staff. to help us spread this idea. • Hold a World Oceans Day event. published and are available on the Delhi, Joel Sartore is providing the Your celebration can be big or WAZA website. The full version of following request/offer. The Photo [email protected] small, as long as you’re doing the proceedings is available on the Ark and National Geographic have something to help. members’ area (documents) where - created the world’s largest archive of • Check out ideas for youth as the technical congress papers studio-quality animal photography. and teen projects only are again publically available The current count is nearly 4,500 spe- Year of the Gibbon • For young kids and zoo and under Marketing/Publications. cies, and growing weekly. The goal is aquarium visitors: download to get the public to care by showing Year Of The Gibbon (YOTG) is an IUCN resources from the Octonauts them every captive species on Earth. SSC initiative focusing awareness for • Browse the collection of plastic gibbon conservation efforts. Intended pollution prevention activities WAZA Council Elections 2015 In return for access to your animals, as a useful tool for conservationists, we’re happy to share all photos with fundraisers, educators and govern- Have zoo and aquarium employ- Based on the recommendation of the WAZA Nominating Committee, your facility. We will also do our very ments, 2015 will be the year to sing ees, and visitors, working together, WAZA Council has approved the following list of candidates for WAZA best to promote your animals and or- it out loud: save the gibbon! YOTG take the Better Bag Challenge: Council (2015–2017). ganization through print, TV, web and sends a clear political message from Don’t use disposable plastic bags The electronic vote is taking place between end May and end June 2015. exhibitions for many years to come. the international community to for a whole year! Or, if you already combat the illegal trade and ongoing use durable bags for shopping and If you’re interested in joining the habitat destruction threatening the lyst for high-level political support and errands, help eliminate microbe- For ratification more than 220 wildlife facilities survival of the gibbons. It is hoped commitment to protect the gibbons ads. Download the Organizer’s around the world that have helped that this initiative will serve as a cata- in the wild across all range states. Guide for more information. • President: Susan Hunt Region II build the Ark so far, please contact (Perth Zoo, Australia) (Europe + Middle East) | 3 seats [email protected]. [email protected] Download new graphics and • President-elect: Jenny Gray promotional materials for World (Zoos Victoria, Australia) • David Field (ZSL, UK) – Oceans Day, including French and currently serving 2nd term Spanish versions. For election • Theo Pagel (Cologne Zoo, Germany) Be sure to register your celebra- Region I (USA + Canada) | 3 seats • Radoslav Ratajszczak tion on the website and share with (Wrocław Zoo, Poland) the world! • Kevin Bell (Lincoln Park Zoo, • Joao Falcato Chicago, USA) – currently (Oceanario Lisbon, Portugal) Keep in touch with World Oceans serving 2nd term Day on Facebook and Twitter, • Clement Lanthier Region III | 1 seat or send the coordinator, Alyssa (Calgary Zoo, Canada) Isakower • Tom Schmid • Damian Pellandini (Texas State Aquarium, USA) (Temaiken Zoo, Argentina) • Pat Simmons (North Carolina Zoo, • Judy Mann [email protected] USA) – for re-election after her (uShaka Durban, South Afrika) appointment 2014 © ms Fight against plastic pollution. 22 WAZA 2/15 WAZA 2/15 23 Recent Updates Tiago Pinto‑Pereira – WAZA Executive Office Al Dove and Kerry Gladish – Georgia Aquarium WAZA Biodiversity Whale Shark Research Decade Project – and Conservation WE NEED YOU

Help us promote the Biodiversity is Us Application for Smartphones and Tablets

The Application for smartphones Al Dove and whale shark at St Helena. and tablets is a great tool to © Rafael de la Parra engage a new generation, particularly as a way to re-enforce Georgia Aquarium recently celebrated Florida to gather data about the many are flourishing with a variety of ma- the engagement and pedagogical the ten year anniversary of our whale facets of whale shark life. From nu- rine life. Frequent inhabitants include aspects of a zoo or aquarium visit shark research and conservation pro- tritional needs to migratory patterns dolphins, sea turtles, manta rays and beyond their gates. This tool also gram; the cornerstone to what is now to population size, Georgia Aquarium corals as well as the largest aggrega- enables us, as a community, to a dynamic Research and Conserva- was present for these landmark stud- tion of whale sharks in the world. In showcase what the role of tion Department, that focuses on the ies. Over time, Georgia Aquarium has order to protect this new area, which a modern zoos and aquariums flagship species at Georgia Aquarium; also become a major contributor to is located just offshore from two of is while being both educational whale sharks, dolphins, corals, manta Wildbook for Whale Sharks (formerly the most popular tourist attractions and fun. rays and beluga whales. As the only ECOCEAN), a web‑based photograph- in the world, Cancun and Cozumel, As the Biodiversity is Us project is The project has further expanded aquarium outside of Asia to house ic identification tool that allows citizen and in very close proximity to cargo growing we are increasingly seeing with the support of lusophone Please make sure you help whale sharks, Georgia Aquarium scientists to photograph whale sharks shipping lanes, Dr. Alistair Dove, Di- the use of the tools by members and members, in particular Parque das promote it as much as possible. understands the unique educational and identify them via a specific spot rector of Research and Conservation, we are regularly excited to receive Aves (Brazil) who took the lead, to For example you can: opportunity provided by showcasing pattern on their bodies. Through the along with his Mexican colleague, evidence of how they are being used. now have a Portuguese version of the these gentle giants to the public. photographs submitted by the public Rafael de la Parra, founded the NGO We were thrilled to discover recently posters (see example), the films and • Print the Application promotion- as well as scientists working in this Ch’ooj Ajuail AC, or Blue Realm. Blue that Heidelberg Zoo, who used some the mobile phone application. We al poster (adaptable) available on When the aquarium began research- region, over one thousand individual Realm is active in both Mexico and of the campaign material along with are excited in rolling out all of these the online platform – preferably ing the idea of housing whale sharks animals have been identified in the the United States with research and their own content, has recently been to expand the visibility of the tools near a free WiFi hotspot in public aquaria, it became clear Atlantic Mexico aggregations. awareness campaigns. nationally recognized with an award to a new audience and thus expand- that there wasn’t a lot of information for their contribution to the UN Dec- ing the number of languages fully • Share information on your about their basic needs or life history. Through the years, research initia- Back in Atlanta, research continues ade on Biodiversity! If we can have supported to six. Some tools are also social media streams – including In 2004, the Aquarium learned of a tives morphed into conservation con- with the Aquarium’s four resident this sort of impact as an individual available in other languages so please sharing the teaser film which is seasonal aggregation of whale sharks cerns for whale sharks as the popular- whale sharks. The veterinary staff zoo or aquarium, imagine what we do get in touch to check if they are available on our YouTube channel just off the northern tip of the Yucatan ity of whale shark ecotourism grew. monitors their health and the hus- can do collectively! already available in your language. in all project languages https:// Peninsula in Mexico. Officials realized With the help of data collected during bandry staff continually invents www.youtube.com/user/BioDi- that this would be a perfect opportu- Georgia Aquarium research activities, innovative ways to manage the ever For any questions or for versityIsUsWAZA nity to study these animals not only in CONANP was able to pass legislation changing husbandry needs of the submitting further pictures the context of their husbandry needs to create the Whale Shark Biosphere world’s largest fish; both departments facebook.com/BioDiversityIsUs of implementation, but also as pioneers in whale shark Reserve which aimed to protect sharing their novel techniques with please contact me at research and conservation in the some of the habitat whale sharks use colleagues around the world. Georgia twitter.com/BioDivUs [email protected] Western Hemisphere. Relationships during their feeding stop in Mexican Aquarium has also created partner- were forged with government officials waters. As lines on a map mean noth- ships with local universities that aim to instagram.com/BioDiversityIsUs at Mexico’s National Commission of ing to migratory animals, though, the answer further questions about whale Natural Protected Areas (CONANP) as whale sharks of the Yucatan Peninsula sharks. Using samples collected from BioDiversityIsUs.tumblr.com well as with elasmobranch researchers shifted their feeding grounds fur- one of our sharks, Georgia Aquarium at institutions like Mote Marine Labo- ther offshore to unprotected waters and scientists at Emory University col- youtube.com/user/BioDiversityIsUsWAZA ratory and the University of South beginning in 2008. These new waters laborated and have produced the first 24 WAZA 2/15 WAZA 2/15 25

Lynn Johnson Breaking the Brand to Stop the Demand

Zoos and aquariums are on the The Rhino Poaching frontline when it comes to educating Problem people about the challenges faced by the natural world. As primary educa- The latest escalation in rhino tors it is imperative that these institu- poaching is a recent phe- tions keep up with how escalating nomenon, poaching in South and emerging demand, for both legal Africa had been very low for and illegal products, are affecting the over 15 years prior to the conservation effort. In everything exponential rise that started from palm oil to rhino horn the power in 2007 (Fig. 1). A 2012 report of human behaviour needs to be bet- by TRAFFIC determined ter understood and communicated. that current rhino poaching By knowing what triggers people is driven by demand from to change their mind we can more Viet Nam. proactively steer behaviour change to support people make more informed We cannot successfully choices about what they consume, address this crisis without support, donate to, take action on etc. understanding the nature © Georgia Aquarium of the demand. Viet Nam © WildAct Viet Nam Ralph at Georgia Aquarium. Traffickers are realising how compa- is a fast growing market for luxury rably safe it is to get rich from dealing goods and brands. A group of newly Posters in patient waiting rooms. Will your luck run out? in wildlife. As a result they are now wealthy Vietnamese is highly aspira- “To give to him, you take from her.” ever complete genome map of shark In the last ten years, Georgia traveled to the British territory of St. moving beyond simply exploiting the tional and status conscious; for this DNA. These findings have just been Aquarium is proud to be a respected Helena in the Atlantic Ocean to study existing demand for animal products group rhino horn has become a status published and the data is available for member of the global whale shark a newly discovered aggregation of such as rhino horn and ivory; they symbol. Supply of genuine horn can- view by the public at www.whaleshark. research community. In October, 2013 whale sharks. Expeditions to the are likely designing and manufactur- not keep up with increasing demand, development, as from the investment georgiaaquarium.org. Adding a new the Aquarium hosted the 3rd Inter- Galapagos are also planned for the ing new markets. This calls for a new so prices continue to rise. Rhino horn perspective extinction of the spe- class of animals to the global database national Whale Shark Conference near future. Even though future re- response from the conservation sec- has now become a speculative invest- cies in the wild is positive, because it of sequenced genomes will be ben- (IWSC3) which was attended by search goals may shift out of Mexico, tor, an example for rhino poaching is ment. This is an extremely dangerous means prices cannot fall. eficial for a number of different fields more than sixty delegates from over Georgia Aquarium is committed to presented here. of biological and biomedical research. twenty countries. This week-long a presence in the Yucatan Peninsula Georgia State University is another conference brought leaders in and will continue to study the habits Figure 1 Rhinos killed by poachers in South Africa. local academic partner. Researchers researcher, ecotourism, and conser- of this well‑known population and ob- and highly trained volunteers have the vation together to share concepts, serve any shifts in behavior. Through unique opportunity to observe these collaborate on studies and discuss Ch’ooj Ajauil, Georgia Aquarium will animals on a daily basis and gather in- the future of the world’s whale shark continue to be involved in conserva- formation on their behaviors and cre- populations. IWSC3 was an opportu- tion efforts of whale sharks in Mexico. ate a model of what is usual or unusual nity to showcase Georgia Aquarium’s behavior for whale sharks in zoological strong commitment to whale sharks Whether it is in-house or around the settings. These data will help curato- not only in aquaria but in their natural world, Georgia Aquarium remains rial staff make decisions on the care of habitat as well. dedicated to research and conserva- Georgia Aquarium’s whale sharks and tion of not only whale sharks but of to contextualize behaviors observed The roots of this commitment were all aquatic life. in the field. Another in‑house project laid in the waters of Mexico, but with is a study using laser photogrammetry the help of relationships forged and to measure the length of whale sharks. questions still unanswered, Georgia By photographing lasers at a fixed Aquarium has begun to branch out distance on the side of the sharks, the to continue its research wherever process allows researchers to gather the answers might be found. At the accurate measurements without beginning of 2015, Dr. Dove and having to restrain the animals. This research partner Rafael de la Parra process has also been tested in the field in Mexico and St. Helena. 26 WAZA 2/15 WAZA 2/15 27

Figure2 Beatrice Steck – Basel Zoo, Switzerland Going After the Users Supply Chain Pull Rope. Not Only the Poachers Wanted: New Holders for the Current conservation efforts focus on protecting rhinos on the ground. Whilst stepping up security is neces- Somali Wild Ass sary, anti-poaching measures are a recurring, huge expense and have not stemmed the losses. Somali wild ass in mixed-species Supply Chain Letting Go of Rope. exhibits. Many of them work well and From our perspective, this spend- include birds, antelopes, cattle and ing needs to be augmented urgently dromedaries. However, mixed-spe- with targeted demand-reduction cies exhibits with other equids are measures. If demand can be reduced not recommended, because of or even halted, the supply chain col- interspecific aggression and risk of lapses, as it relies on the end users interbreeding. A few cases involving being willing to pay ever‑escalating warthogs, impalas, vultures, storks prices. (Fig.2) and ostriches also caused problems, but most mixed‑species exhibits We know from the TRAFFIC research with various other bird and antelope and our own research that the users Figure 3 species have never encountered any of genuine rhino horn constitute an The Triune Brain Model – Simplified serious incidences. ideal target group for a behaviour representation of processing in the brain sometimes used by change campaign: advertising agencies. Somali wild ass are of great edu- cational value for visitors and can 1. Homogenous in Socio-Economic illustrate fascinating biological Composition: newly wealthy, themes: this attractive equid lives in high‑status Vietnamese business- loose family troops; stallion groups men in their 40s and 50s are ideal for watching play fights and other playful behaviours; the species 2. Reachable Through Advertising: is a typical inhabitant of deserts and the primary users can be reached perfectly adapted to this arid habi- through advertising in selected tat; and, being closely related to the locations and publications ancestor of the donkey, the species is well suited to educate visitors about 3. Clear Reason for Consumption: Creating Behaviour Change the domestication of farm animals the primary reason to consume and pets. The Somali wild ass is also rhino horn is to attain and main- Advertising agencies have accumu- The next stage of zoo based con- an ideal species for raising visitors’ tain status within the peer group lated a massive amount of knowledge servation education requires more awareness of the need for wildlife via giving it as a gift and use in on how to influence consumer behav- partnerships with social physiologists, © Basel Zoo conservation. It provides insights the so-called ‘Millionaires Detox iour. The basic model being used to behavioural economists, the advertis- into the role zoos and cooperative Drink’; any alleged health benefits influence purchasing decisions is the ing industry and experienced behav- The Somali wild ass (Equus africanus a healthy and fertile zoo population. breeding programmes play in species are a secondary consideration triune brain model (Fig. 3). The same iour change experts. This requires a somaliensis) – the rarest equid spe- After a considerable increase in hold- protection. This is underpinned by model can be used to get people to cultural shift in educators – we have cies – is one of the most threatened ing institutions in past years, it now several research and conservation Our research demonstrated that the buy less, not just more. to learn to worry less about the sen- mammals on earth. No more than a seems very difficult to find more hold- projects in need of support and car- users have no affinity with the animal sitivities of people and develop the few hundred are left in Eritrea and ers in Europe and breeding had to be ried out by the IUCN SSC Equid Spe- and will only stop consuming if rhino For behaviour change messages to courage to offend when necessary. Ethiopia. This species lives in sandy stopped, with unknown consequences cialist Group in Eritrea and Ethiopia. horn would negatively impact their be effective they first need to get and stony arid deserts. They form for future fertility and fecundity. In ad- personal health or status within the the target’s attention by providing Vietnamese NGO’s confirmed our loose groups or herds of variable size. dition, in order not to have “all eggs in As of January 2015, the total zoo peer group. a link to their identity; this is about messaging works including: feedback Territorial males defend mating ter- two baskets”, and at the same time to population was slightly more than people like me. It further must speak from Vu Thi Quyen, Executive director ritories that contain resources that fe- be able to resume breeding, it is vital 250 individuals. This number is too to the people causing the problem in and Founder of Education for Nature males require (i.e. water, food), while to also establish insurance populations low to maintain a viable population a currency they will respond to. The in Viet Nam: “I often use your work as other bachelor males live in stallion on other continents. in the long term; new holders are ur- campaign must speak to each specific good examples for our staff in the of‑ groups. The major threats to the gently needed to bolster the popula- type of user and not focus on anyone fice. I love your messaging style as you Somali wild ass are hunting for food The Somali wild ass needs an outdoor tion. By keeping Somali wild ass, your else beyond that user. keep things simple but very creative at and medicinal purposes, and reduced exhibit of at least 500 m2 with (partly) zoo will make a vital contribution to the same time. I believe that your mes‑ access to food and water because of hard ground to ensure hoof abrasion, the conservation of this beautiful, but They must further create an instant saging works well for Vietnamese”. competition with livestock. a sand bath and shelters from the critically endangered, equid. If you emotional response that is designed weather. There should be a yard or are interested in keeping Somali wild to override the gain of consuming the In zoos, the vast majority of Somali fenced‑off area to separate animals ass, please contact Beatrice Steck product in question – which means us- http://breakingthebrand.org/ wild ass are kept in Europe and North when needed. In colder regions, a ([email protected]). ing fear and anxiety is a valid approach America, so that these continents have heated stable with individual boxes to create a ‘consume less’ result. a high responsibility for maintaining is also necessary. Various zoos keep 28 WAZA 2/15 WAZA 2/15 29 Radoslaw Ratajszczak – Wrocław Zoo New Africarium in Wrocław ZOO, Exhibit first half year of operation News

In the 2007 a big and rapid change happened in my life. After spending 25 years working for Poznań zoo, ini- tially as an animal keeper to progress to vice Director post subsequently I won a competition to become a Director of Wrocław ZOO.

The new post required really hard work to improve conditions of ani- mals, build or re‑build new facilities and increase a number of visitors. Then in 2008 I could convince our City administration to try to build something really big and unique in the zoo. That in turn required a quick change from standard, budget entity to a limited company. It happened in 2010 and opened a door to more rapid progress and ability to use financial instruments, not accessible for budget that doesn’t even give institution a © Wrocław Zoo © Wrocław Zoo legal entity status.

Building an Oceanarium was a The architectural competition took It starts in a main entrance hall hold- Next is a freshwater lake of Eastern The path then brings us to the Skel- The Africarium proved to be ex- long-time dream of the city authori- place in the year 2009, next two ing also a wardrobe and three differ- Africa with underwater viewing of eton Coast. This part of the building tremely popular immediately. Since ties. It was also in accordance with our years was a planning stage as well ently sized conference hall. One for common hippopotamus in a huge resembles a ship that ran into the the opening well over 700 thousand zoo new master plan. However tempt- as establishing legal stricter of ZOO 170 people, another used as a class- pool and tilapia fishes. There is also rocks of this shore. Through under- visitors came, with over 500 thousand ing it was I really didn’t like the idea to Wrocław LLC. By the end of 2011 we room for 50 and a VIP room for special a piece of underground savannah water windows one can see African this year alone. There is increasing build just another classic oceanarium. were ready to finally open a public events. All proved very popular. In the featuring aardvark burrow as well as penguins “flying” under water as well number of visits from outside of our It had to be one with a difference to all tender for the actual construction. middle there is a shallow tank that is naked mole rats. Going further there as a group of African fur seals. Their region as well as from abroad. The other. After initial thought it had been Finally the actual construction begun slowly becoming overgrown to show are two tanks, 120 thousand litres tanks are holding 3 and 4 million litres economic impact on the city is great, decided to concentrate on just one in April 2012. After record‑breaking African swamp with typical fishes. each for Malawi and Tanganyika lake respectively and are over 5 meters so the authorities are pleasantly continent, in this case Africa, hence just over 2.5 years, 6 months ahead fishes. The visitors then go to the deep. There are also 4 additional surprised. the new pavilion had to be named of scheduled time, on 26th of October There visitors begin their journey ground level to observe dikdiks, dwarf tanks in the middle holding jellyfish, “Africarium”. 2014 we were able to officially open going down from a beach through a mongooses as well as a wide range selene, moray eels as well as smaller, I hope many of you will have a chance Africarium to our visitors. The last few shallow part to the deeper coral reef of East African birds – bee‑eaters, bottom dwelling sharks. There is also sooner or later to visit our zoo and see months were really hectic with animal of the Red Sea. This exhibit hold a mil- go‑away birds, herons, hammerkops, a restaurant and café on top. The Africarium with your own eyes. Like transports coming almost every day lion litres water and features well over hadada ibises, weavers and a range of last habitat is a rainforest with a very almost all large zoo developments …Since the (and nights sometimes) but all went 1000 fishes representing 50 species. African ducks. lush, natural vegetation. There is a it has a potential to grow and new rather smoothly. So, what exactly very big pool, the largest in Europe for individual exhibits are already under opening well over is Africarium. It is a rather large by Visitors leave this area going under a manatees (and this is a place where planning. European standards exhibit covering big waterfall to enter Mozambique we cheat visitors, as manatees are of 700 thousand almost 1.5 ha and featuring major wa- Channel. It is a large tank, holding course the Carribean ones, but we ex- ter habitats of Africa, both freshwater 6 million litres with large viewing pan- plain why) and Nile crocodiles. A wide visitors came… and marine. It holds about 16 million els and a tunnel. The maximal depth is range of African fishes augment the litres of water in various displays. The 7 meters. There are numerous sharks, exhibit. There are also free flying total cost was around 55 million €. groupers, rays and skates as well as birds – turacos, rollers and ducks. The green sea turtle. numbers of birds as well as some small mammals will increase with growth of vegetation. 30 WAZA 2/15 WAZA 2/15 31 Yolanda Matamoros – AMACZOOA New Johannes Fritz – Waldrappteam, Mutters, Austria New Cats Exhibit, National Exhibit Reintroduction of the Northern Zoo Simón Bolívar, Costa Rica News Bald Ibis in Europe: WAZA Project 03001 WAZA Illegal Hunting in Italy during Autumn Migration as the Main Threat

The jaguar and the yaguarundi have new exhibits, with a modern design, © A. Schmalstieg/Waldrappteam built to provide a pleasant view for In October 2014, a four‑year‑old male breeding area in southern Germany A formation of northern bald ibis migrating visitors and a comfortable housing northern bald ibis (Geronticus eremita) down towards the wintering area, a in a characteristic V‑formation above for the animals. named Hella was found dead in the WWF reserve in southern Tuscany. the Adriatic Sea. Italian province of Livorno, Tuscany. On 22 October 2014, a hunter found The yaguarundi exhibit has 80 square The X‑ray showed pellets in the body, Hella’s body in the province of Livorno, meters and the jaguar exhibit a clear indication for illegal hunting as Tuscany. Two years earlier, in 2012, 72 square meters, a central garden the cause of death. This was the most three birds were shot in the same area, an animal management area of recent case of illegal hunting in Italy, region and in 2011, we received the 30 square meters for six animals, and which hitherto has caused about 70% last transmission of the GPS signal a kiosk where the visitors can observe of the mortality in the reintroduced from a further bird just 500 m south of the animals. northern bald ibis population. Such a the site where Hella was found. Thus, high rate of illegal hunting must also since 2011, in a stretch of only 30 km, The construction cost $45.500 and be assumed for other threatened from Piombino to the south to Cecina was completed using funds recol- migratory species. The province of to the north, four birds were illegally lected by Fundación Pro Zoológicos. Livorno, Tuscany turned out to be a shot and a further bird disappeared It was designed by the landscape hotspot for illegal bird hunting. without a trace. architect Franco Alvarenga Odio. Cur- rently, we keep an 18 year old jaguar © AMACZOOA In Europe, the northern bald ibis Nowadays, hunting of birds in Europe (Panthera onca) and a young yagua- Yaguarundi exhibit. became extinct 400 years ago, most is mainly a traditional sporting activ- rundi (Herpailurus yagouaroundi). probably due to overhunting. Cur- ity for a range of species, which are rently, this species is one of the rarest approved for hunting during the au- birds in the world, close to extinction tumn migration period. A proportion Biodiversity is Us and listed as Critically Endangered of hunters, however, seem to shoot on the IUCN Red List of Threatened non‑selectively all birds passing by, As a part of Fundazoo education pro- Species. Since 2002, the so-called including northern bald ibis. Thanks gram, in alliance with WAZA, of which Waldrappteam aims to reintroduce to GPS transmitters, which all birds of we are member through Asociación a new migratory population of the the project wear on their backs, one Mesoamericana y del Caribe de species in Europe. Since 2014, the hunter could be identified who shot Zoológicos y Acuarios (AMACZOOA), European Union co‑finances the two birds in 2012. He justified himself we promote the project “Biodiversity © AMACZOOA project (LIFE+12-BIO_AT_000143). with having confused the two birds is Us” reproducing graphic material Observation kiosk. Eight partners from Austria, Italy and with pigeons. A lawsuit against this and a QR link to the mobile app about Germany support it. The project is hunter will probably take place in mid animals. the first attempt ever to reintroduce 2015. The Waldrappteam will append a continentally extinct migratory bird a civil action for damages. WAZA authorized Fundazoo to use species. the campaign material and adapt This is part of a comprehensive cam- port among various NGOs, because it with an animal of Costa Rican Illegal hunting is a major threat for mi- paign against illegal bird hunting in It- of an expected immediate benefit for biodiversity and a girl named Emma gratory species, even in Europe. These aly in the course of the LIFE+ reintro- other threatened species migrating Salazar Ovares. substantial losses nullify much of the duction project. Through media work, across Italy and also because of the elaborated conservation attempts in broad public information campaigns, innovative aspects of the campaign the breeding areas. It is of particular use of modern GPS tracking technol- that may be applied in other regions value to the project to demonstrate ogy, securing migrating birds at stop- as well. The European Commission the problem of illegal hunting with over sites and offensive co‑operation particularly acknowledges the poten- concrete numbers: from 2002 to 2012, with the Italian hunting associations, tial of the illegal hunting campaign to a total of 60 birds were lost to the we aim for a substantial and sustain- contribute to the implementation of project. Around 70% of them have able reduction of losses to illegal the European Union nature policy. been found shot dead or disappeared hunting. Two years after the start of particularly during the hunting season this campaign, there are already signs © AMACZOOA in Italy. At the end of September 2014, of a reduction in hunting‑related bird Biodiversity Is Us - promotion. the male Hella departed from the losses. The campaign has broad sup- 32 WAZA 2/15 WAZA 2/15 33

Miguel A. Quevedo & Iñigo Sánchez – Zoobotánico Jerez, Spain Matt Hunt – Free the Bears, Phnom Penh, Cambodia Northern Bald Ibis Reintroduction Building Veterinary Capacity to Project in Southern Spain Protect Bears in Southeast Asia WAZA Project 10011 WAZA WAZA Project 04004 WAZA

In the last 25 years, there have been considerable conservation efforts Occasionally there are cases that for the northern bald ibis (Geronticus require specialist support. Our first eremita), especially to protect the last veterinary workshop in Laos, held in wild population. Nevertheless, the 2013 and joined by veterinarians from species remains listed as Critically Cambodia, India and Laos, provided Endangered by IUCN. In 1990, the a unique opportunity to end the suf- species was in an extreme situation fering of a rescued bear with hydro- with no more than 50 breeding pairs cephalus, inserting a shunt in what concentrated in a small area on the we believe to be the world’s first case Moroccan Atlantic coast. In 2002, a © Matt Hunt/Free the Bears of neurosurgery in a bear. Local laws few birds were discovered in Syria, and cultural sensitivities meant that Recovering after the world’s but unfortunately this migrating first bear neurosurgery. euthanasia was not an option and population is now considered extinct. so we needed a method to end this At present, the last wild population is bear’s suffering. formed by over 110 breeding pairs in Free the Bears’ Indochina Bear Con- species towards extinction, it is vital Morocco. servation and Rescue Programme that the development of local capac- Free the Bears supports sanctuar- works to protect threatened sun bears ity to deliver modern veterinary care ies in Cambodia, Laos and Vietnam This critical situation has led to inter- (Helarctos malayanus) and Asiatic to rescued wildlife is supported. Our that are currently home to around national experts designing and imple- black bears (or moon bears; Ursus thi‑ veterinary programme receives fund- 200 rescued bears, with the world’s menting tools for the conservation © Zoobotánico Jerez betanus) across southeast Asia, with a ing and technical support from UK largest captive group of sun bears at of the species. The efforts invested Foster parents and volunteers working with northern bald ibis. particular focus on bears in Cambodia, partners, including the Royal Zoologi- our Cambodian Bear Sanctuary. Sadly, in protecting existing colonies and Lao PDR (Laos) and Vietnam. The cal Society of Scotland and Longleat they represent just a fraction of the their foraging areas have not been primary aim of the charity was initially Safari and Adventure Park. total number of captive bears in the sufficient to significantly increase the years, several release methods were In 2008, the first breeding pair suc- to support national governments region, with perhaps 2,000 bears number of birds or breeding colonies. tested with birds from zoos taking ceeded in rearing a chick on a nearby with the creation and maintenance of In addition to local capacity develop- remaining in need of rescue from bile Reintroduction programmes in areas part in the EEP. Hand-rearing with coastal cliff. Since then breeding world‑class bear sanctuaries. This has ment, both in situ and remotely, we farms in Vietnam alone. The need for within the species’ historical distri- human foster parents wearing black has steadily increased on local rocky evolved with our field programmes, have conducted annual veterinary skilled veterinarians to address the bution range, using birds from the shirts and ibis‑shaped helmets has cliffs. In 2014, a total of 23 breeding which strive to address the root caus- training workshops since 2010 that issues facing wildlife in the region abundant captive stock, have been proven to be a good release method pairs were registered in three differ- es of illegal trade and trafficking of provide veterinarians from Cambo- remains critical. Investing time and discussed as a potential solution to to establish a sedentary colony in the ent nesting places. At present, the bears. These, through an integrated dia, India, Laos and Vietnam with resources in developing the capac- increase the number of individuals release area. The chicks follow and free‑flying group is formed by over strategy, incorporate environmental the opportunity to learn new skills ity of local veterinarians is the only and to create new populations in approach only these “dressed‑up” 80 birds. education, protection of wild bears both medically and surgically. These sustainable route towards providing other areas. foster parents and can be handled and support for vulnerable communi- combine theory with practical sessions, rescued wild animals with the stand- and caught, whereas they avoid con- Considering the critical situation of ties in developing alternative sustaina- often with difficult cases, utilising the ards of care that we take for granted In 2003, a joint project between tact with other humans. the species, the positive results of ble livelihoods. Our work is supported expert knowledge whilst broadening in the western world. Zoobotánico Jerez and the regional Proyecto Eremita, public awareness by a number of international partners, the range of skills of local veterinari- government of Andalucia, with the A parent-reared chick integration and evidence of historical presence including zoos in Australasia, Europe ans. For example in 2010, as part of our Our thanks go out to all of our zoo advice of a national scientific insti- technique has also been a good of the species in Spain, a proposal for and the USA. training programme in Vietnam, we partners that have supported our tution, designed Proyecto Eremita. method. Groups of chicks reared by the reintroduction of northern bald conducted the world’s first minimally work in Indochina since 1997, both at It was an experimental study of their parents at different zoos are ibis in southern Spain was presented Free the Bears’ veterinary pro- invasive cholycystectomies of bears an institutional level and the individu- different release techniques for incorporated into the hand-reared at the last AEWA–IAGNBI meeting gramme enjoys the support of a rescued from bile farms. Whilst the als who have given up their time to captive‑born northern bald ibis in group and are kept in an aviary during held in Saudi Arabia in November number of zoo‑based experts who skill level required for such surgeries is support the development of our pro- southern Spain. The aim of this their first months; otherwise, they 2012. The reintroduction project was provide ongoing technical and unlikely to be attained by local veteri- grammes through skills transfer and project was to establish the best would be likely to disperse. Birds also presented to the Environmental infrastructural support to develop narians for some time, we have devel- technical support. These zoo partners protocols for future reintroductions used in this study come from the EEP, Ministry of Spain to be assessed. This and ensure gold-standard health oped local ability to allow minimally include Perth, Wellington, Taronga, of the species within its former range mainly from Jerez. Other EEP institu- official body approved the reintroduc- care for both our bears and other invasive abdominal examinations Adelaide, Queensland, National Zoo using captive‑bred birds. For 10 tions that have kindly collaborated tion project on 24 July 2013. rescued animals. Wildlife medicine is and liver biopsies to be undertaken & Aquarium, Rare Species Conserva- with the project by providing birds are under-developed in the region, with without resorting to open surgery. tion Centre, Burgers’/Arnhem, Ouwe - Amersfoort, Budapest, Jersey, Chester, the treatment and care of agricultural Each year we build capacity with the hands/Alertis, Colchester, Edinburgh, Innsbruck, Doué la Fountaine, Selwo stock taking precedence over wild long-term aim to allow local veterinar- St Martin La Plaine, Cologne, Linton, Aventura, Mulhouse and Clères. animals. As the demand for wild ani- ians to become self sufficient as well Longleat, San Diego, Denver, Phoe- mal products continues to push more as proficient in wildlife medicine. nix and El Paso. 34 WAZA 2/15 WAZA 2/15 35

Markus Gusset – WAZA Executive Office WAZA Executive WAZA Membership New WAZA Member as of 31st March 2015 Call For Papers Office Contacts • Virginia Zoological Park | USA Update on Associations 23 as institutional member • Executive Director: Gerald Dick Institutions 290 International The WAZA annual conference will take [email protected] Affiliates 15 place at the Danat Al Ain Resort Pearl Corporates 15 Studbooks Ballroom. • Executive Assistant: Life and Honorary members 111 Future WAZA For registration and accommodation [email protected] There are currently 132 active inter- booking please visit the WAZA website. Conference Venues national studbooks (ISBs), including • Communication Executive: New Directors 163 species or sub‑species (nine ISBs Early Bird Registration is open until Hyatt Antognini Amin • 2015: Al Ain, cover more than one taxon). The 1st August 2015. [email protected] • Teri Dresler has been United Arab Emirates following events regarding ISBs have appointed interim director 11–15 Oct 2015 occurred since 1 January 2015: The general theme of the conference: • Chief Conservation Officer: at Oregon Zoo, USA Markus Gusset • Carol Kruse has been • 2016: Africam Safari, Puebla, Zoos and Aquariums making [email protected] appointed successor of Mexico 9–13 Oct 2016 ISBs archived a difference in Conservation Eric Stephens at Zoo Miami, USA and Animal welfare – • Decade on Biodiversity Project: • Shahril Shariff has been • 2017: Barcelona, Spain • None. 80 Years of Zoo and Aquarium Tiago Pinto-Pereira appointed successor of 15–19 Oct 2017 Leadership [email protected] Dr. Muhammad Danial Felix ISBs established at Zoo Negara, Malaysia • 2018: Bangkok, Thailand Keynote Speakers: • Mr Vinod Ranjan has been 21–25 Oct 2018 • None. appointed Member Secretary of • Steve Burns, Director Zoo Boise the Central Zoo Authority, India • 2019: Buenos Aires, Argentina th Transfer of ISBs to new 70 WAZA and incoming chair of AZA Board of (date to be confirmed) keepers Directors, USA Annual Conference How to become the greatest force for • On 6 February 2015, CPM approved conservation in the world the transfer of the southern koala and Technical • Heather J. Bacon, Veterinary Welfare Kalij pheasant (Lophura leucomelanos) at Padmaja Naidu Himalayan Zoological Park in Darjeeling, West Bengal, India. (Phascolarctos cinereus victor) ISB Education and Outreach Manager, © Joel Sartore Amie Hindson (Zoos Victoria, Aus- Congress 2015 Jeanne Marchig International Centre tralia). for Animal Welfare Education, The will take place University Transfer of ISBs to new of Edinburgh, UK institutions in Al Ain, Zoo Animal Welfare: The cornerstone of successful conservation • None. United Arab Call for Papers: Pending issues Emirates, Contributions are especially sought for the following more overarching and • As of 31 March 2015, the Persian 11–15 October 2015 strategic topics: fallow deer (Dama mesopotamica) • Excellence and innovation in zoo ISB is vacant. animal welfare, conservation and zoo management • Animal Welfare and Conservation Synergies, you can’t have One without the Other • Raising the Conservation Commitment at your Institution • Best Practices for Integrating Conservation Activities into all your Operations • How can Conservation drive your Business?

Deadline for submission: 31 May 2015 (Please use the provided form on the WAZA website www.waza.org)

© Gerald Dick Koala at Taronga zoo, Sydney. 36 WAZA 2/15 WAZA 2/15 III Obituary Mark Rosenthal Now in 6 Languages Saul Kitchener – in Memoriam FREE 1938–2015

“I think it’s important to make rounds to be able to make a decision at some time in the future because you got to know what’s going on with the Download various animals, various exhibits.” the App

Saul Kitchener

© Archive of SK Saul Kitchener.

Saul Kitchener the former longtime During his time at the zoo he built director of the San Francisco Zoo, the Primate Discovery Center, Pen- who presided for 13 years with guin Island and Gorilla World. He no-nonsense professionalism, died was able to bring the Giant Pandas on February 7th, 2015 of cancer as well as the Golden Monkeys from A fun and educational at the age of 76 in his Sonoma China to the zoo. Saul was a renais- home. Saul was a zooman in the sance man with interests in music, free App true sense of the word. He was a wine, natural history books and packed full of useful student of the game, often out- antique fountain pens. information spoken, a mentor to many younger professionals and loved the zoo “Saul didn’t mince words,” said his with links to social profession. He started his zoo friend Mark Rosenthal, curator media for global impact. career in 1963 at the Oklahoma City emeritus of Chicago’s Lincoln Park Zoo as curator of primates. He later Zoo. “He was outspoken on sub- became General Curator, in 1966, jects he was passionate about. To at the Henry Doorly Zoo in Omaha, Saul, taking care of the animals was Nebraska. His experience even in- the easy part of running a zoo.” cluded a very short stint working at Test new Al Oeming’s Game Farm in Canada. He is survived by his wife, Barbara Discover In 1968 he became General Curator and by his son, Joshua. knowledge in 400 different at Chicago’s Lincoln Park Zoo and biodiversity later was promoted to the posi- Saul’s wisdom and stories were cap- animal species games tion of Assistant Director. Saul left tured in his interview with the Zoo Chicago in 1975 to become director & Aquarium Video Archive project of the San Francisco Zoo, a post he (www.zoovideoarchive.org). held until his retirement in 1988. Discover how Be inspired with Zoos and a new action Aquariums everyday are conserving © Zoo & Aquarium Video Archive biodiversity Saul Kitchener.

facebook.com/BioDiversityIsUs facebook.com/BioDiversityIsUstwitter.com/BioDivUs twitter.com/BioDivUsinstagram.com/BioDiversityIsUs 2/15 May 2015

WAZA Executive Office IUCN Conservation Centre Rue Mauverney 28 CH-1196 Gland Switzerland www.waza.org

ISSN: 1662-7733