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Santa Monica Beach Restoration Pilot Project Santa Monica Beach Restoration Pilot Project Year 3 Annual Report September 2019 Prepared for: City of Santa Monica California Coastal Commission US Environmental Protection Agency California Department of Parks and Recreation The Bay Foundation 8334 Lincoln Blvd. #310 (888) 301-2527 www.santamonicabay.org Year 3 Annual Report, September 2019 Santa Monica Beach Restoration Pilot Project Year 3 Annual Report September 2019 Prepared by: The Bay Foundation Prepared for: City of Santa Monica, California Coastal Commission, US Environmental Protection Agency, California Department of Parks and Recreation Authors: Karina Johnston, Melodie Grubbs, and Chris Enyart, The Bay Foundation Scientific Contributors: David Hubbard, University of California Santa Barbara Dr. Jenifer Dugan, University of California Santa Barbara Dan Cooper, Cooper Ecological Monitoring, Inc. Dr. Karen Martin, Pepperdine University Dr. Sean Anderson, California State University Channel Islands Dr. Guangyu Wang, Santa Monica Bay Restoration Commission Evyan Sloane, California State Coastal Conservancy Suggested Citation: Johnston, K., M. Grubbs, and C. Enyart. 2019. Santa Monica Beach Restoration Pilot Project: Year 3 Annual Report. Report prepared by The Bay Foundation for City of Santa Monica, California Coastal Commission, US Environmental Protection Agency, and California Department of Parks and Recreation. 88 pages. Acknowledgements We would like to thank the US Environmental Protection Agency and the Metabolic Studio (Annenberg Foundation; Grant 15-541) for funding the implementation of this pilot project, and our partners: City of Santa Monica and California Department of Parks and Recreation. Their support has allowed us to explore soft-scape protection measures to increase coastal resilience, while bringing back an important coastal habitat to the Los Angeles region. Thanks also to the students and interns with Loyola Marymount University’s Coastal Research Institute who contributed many hours to implementation and monitoring. We would also like to thank the many supporters of this project and members of the public – without which it would not have happened. The contents of this report do not necessarily reflect the views and policies of the US Environmental Protection Agency or Metabolic Studio, nor does mention of trade names or commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. Year 3 Annual Report, September 2019 Table of Contents Executive Summary ....................................................................................................................................... 1 Introduction .................................................................................................................................................. 3 Background ............................................................................................................................................... 3 Project Goals ............................................................................................................................................. 4 Project Description.................................................................................................................................... 5 Public Outreach ............................................................................................................................................. 9 Selected Media Links .............................................................................................................................. 11 Permitting ................................................................................................................................................... 13 Scientific Monitoring ................................................................................................................................... 14 Individual Protocols and Results ............................................................................................................. 14 Wrack Cover ........................................................................................................................................ 16 Vegetation Cover and Seedling Density .............................................................................................. 19 Invertebrates ....................................................................................................................................... 25 Avifauna .............................................................................................................................................. 27 Grunion and Other Wildlife................................................................................................................. 32 Physical Characteristics ....................................................................................................................... 33 Photo Point ......................................................................................................................................... 55 Adaptive Management, Maintenance, and Site Use .................................................................................. 57 Site Use ............................................................................................................................................... 58 Conclusions and Recommendations ........................................................................................................... 60 Literature Cited ........................................................................................................................................... 62 Year 3 Annual Report, September 2019 List of Figures Figure ES-1. Post-restoration site photographs taken in Year 3 on 19 June 2019. ...................................... 2 Figure 1. Photograph of the restoration area (25 April 2019). ..................................................................... 4 Figure 2. Photograph of the project site prior to restoration at Santa Monica Beach, Santa Monica, CA. 6 Figure 3. Map of the Santa Monica Beach Restoration Pilot Project location and general vicinity. ............ 6 Figure 4. Artistic rendering overview of project area, post-establishment of vegetation (rendering credit: Mia Lehrer and Associates). .......................................................................................................................... 7 Figure 5. Photograph of post-restoration project site in Year 1 (25 January 2017). .................................... 8 Figure 6. Photograph of post-restoration project site during Year 3 monitoring (21 May 2019). ............... 8 Figure 7. Coastal Research Institute students from Loyola Marymount University and Marymount High School (1 August 2019). .............................................................................................................................. 10 Figure 8. Interpretive signs designed to educate visitors on the importance of recreating natural ecosystems as an approach to combat sea level rise and provide vital habitat for plants and wildlife (2 May 2019). .................................................................................................................................................. 10 Figure 9. Onsite tour to the Beach Ecology Coalition on 23 January 2019. ................................................ 11 Figure 10. Photograph of US Environmental Protection Agency site visit held on 19 June 2019. ............. 11 Figure 11. Photograph of KPCC 89.3 interview on site on 20 September 2019. ........................................ 12 Figure 12. Photograph of wrack line in control site (top) and large pile of giant kelp mixed with some seagrass on 15 August 2018. ...................................................................................................................... 17 Figure 13. Average percent cover of wrack by species (top) and trash and terrestrial debris (bottom) in the restoration area and control site across the four surveys. Note variable y-axis for each graph. ........ 18 Figure 14. Photograph of various vegetation in restoration site. Top left: pink sand verbena (Abronia umbellata); top middle: red sand verbena (Abronia maritima); top right: (Atriplex leucophylla); middle left: beach evening primrose (Camissoniopsis cheiranthifolia); middle right: beach bur sage (Ambrosia chamissonis); bottom left: woolly heads (Nemacaulis denudata); bottom right: non-native sea rocket (Cakile maritima). ....................................................................................................................................... 20 Figure 15. Relative percent cover by species for all transects (live vegetation only, 13-Dec-16 was baseline survey with no vegetation identified). ......................................................................................... 21 Figure 16. Average native and non-native vegetation cover during all surveys within the restoration area (top) and at the control site (bottom). ....................................................................................................... 22 Figure 17. Photograph of various native vegetation throughout the project site (25 April 2019). ............ 23 Figure 18. Seedlings intermixed with other juvenile native vegetation (24 March 2017). ........................ 25 Figure 19. Photograph of researchers conducting invertebrate core surveys (7 March 2019). ................. 26 Figure 20. Dune beetle identified on vegetation within the restoration area (8 March
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