Australia, New Zealand, Oceania, Antarctica Australian Aborigines

 Aborigine = “native”

 Hunters

 Land sacred

 Polytheistic

 Arrived in Australia over 40,000 years ago (yes, really, not a typo)

 MAORI: Indigenous peoples of New Zealand

ABORIGINAL ARTWORK •Depicts deep meaning told through stories •Symbols represent natural surroundings.

Thunder & Lightening EUROPEAN COLONIZATION OF AUSTRALIA (1780’S)

 “First Fleet”: 11 British ships sailed from England (1787) to est. colony in Australia.  Seeking: spices, tea, luxury goods.  Cleared land for agriculture & farming, relocated aborigines.  Australian Gold Rush (1851) brought Europeans.

 British convicts built infrastructure.  After WWII, Australian gov’t promoted European immigration. ECONOMY

 Australia: developed, modern free market economy.  Abundant natural resources  Impacted by US/European Economic issues.

 New Zealand: economy: Wool, switched to exporting frozen meat/dairy products as a result of colonization.

SOCIAL/CULTURE

 Australia: greenhouse gas pollution a MAJOR problem – 2010 govt enacted controls.  Education in the isolated Outback: School via radio, email, video, satellite.  90% of population of Australia: European descent

COLONIZATION OF THE PACIFIC

OCEANIA (ALSO REFERRED TO AS: PACIFIC ISLANDS OR SOUTH SEA ISLANDS)

 1000’s of tiny islands scattered between Hawaii & The Philippines.  Subregions: Melanesia, Micronesia, Polynesia.  Economy: Fishing.  Over-fishing…economic problem.  Island life: simple, complex customs & rituals.

BIKINI ATOLL

 Site of US nuclear testing 1946-1958.  Radiation prevented natives from returning.

GREAT BARRIER REEF

 Worlds largest coral reef system

RING OF FIRE MARIANA TRENCH

 Deepest part of the world's oceans, & deepest location on the surface of the Earth’s crust.

 Maximum depth of about 35,798 feet.

 In the NW Pacific Ocean, near Japan. NEW ZEALAND

 Group of islands located in South Pacific Ocean.  Mostly mountainous terrain.  Temperate climate with sharp regional contrasts.

ANTARCTICA

 Worlds largest desert

 Colder than the North Pole…Land is colder than water.

 Only scientists stay in Antarctica: There are scientists from just about every nation…

 5% rock, rest is ice

ANTARCTICA