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International Journal of Multicultural and Multireligious Understanding (IJMMU) Vol Comparative Study of Post-Marriage Nationality Of Women in Legal Systems of Different Countries http://ijmmu.com [email protected] International Journal of Multicultural ISSN 2364-5369 Volume 8, Issue 1 and Multireligious Understanding January, 2021 Pages: 290-299 Determinant Factors of Low Women's Participation in Development Planning in Jayapura Regency St. Fatimah; Hamsinah; Muhammad Yunus; Hasniati Public Administration, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Hasanuddin University, Indonesia http://dx.doi.org/10.18415/ijmmu.v8i1.2342 Abstract This article discusses the determinants of low women's participation in development planning in Jayapura Regency. This study uses a qualitative method. Data were collected through observation and interviews. The focus of this research is to describe the determinant factors of women's participation in development planning, especially in the special autonomy era of Jayapura Regency. The results showed that women do not yet have equal abilities in following the process of implementing Musrembang. Only a small proportion of them have a good ability to share their ideas with the Jayapura Regency government. The level of education of women in Jayapura Regency is very unequal to the level of education of men so that during Musrembang activities most of the women were listeners and even if anyone could provide input on Musrembang activities, their number was insignificant. The lack of women's participation in development planning is caused by the patriarchal culture of the Papuan people. The position of women in the implementation of development planning is limited by prevailing customs. Women in this position cannot provide input and convey their aspirations directly to the Musrenbang activities. The voice of women is always considered to have been represented by the voice of men who traditionally have the right to voice. Keywords: Women's Participation; Development Planning; Culture Introduction Community participation cannot be interpreted singly, the government at the local level even though it provides interpretation based on a more concrete context of participation, in this case who are the effective elements involved in development planning, for example if the development goals lead to improving human resources, then the role of youth is become the target of improvement, but when the target of improvement is aimed at improving the health status, the role of women's participation becomes urgent, because in several efforts to improve the health status of women, they understand and are more directly involved as program objects, for example improving the health status of mothers and children, the group women who are most associated with these problems (Asaju & Adagba, 2013). Determinant Factors of Low Women's Participation in Development Planning in Jayapura Regency 290 International Journal of Multicultural and Multireligious Understanding (IJMMU) Vol. 8, No. 1, January 2021 Community involvement in development planning as above is in line with the concept of regional autonomy which is given the authority to regulate and manage government affairs and local community interests according to their own initiative and based on community aspirations (Firman, 2009; Junaedi, 2020). This explanation certainly strengthens that government administration must involve the ideas and aspirations of the community. The factors that influence women's participation in making decisions on annual development budgets are political culture directly influencing political life and determining national decisions regarding allocation patterns, therefore political culture is a human perception, patterns of attitudes towards various political problems and political events are also carried over to in the formation of structures and processes of political activity in the National Parliament (Malhotra et al., 2002; Petersen et al., 2005). Jayapura Regency women are not yet fully involved in development planning activities. Likewise, the number of female regional heads in Jayapura Regency has never existed. This condition certainly raises concerns because even though the government has appealed to give more attention to women with gender mainstreaming strategies, these efforts have not been able to achieve the desired results (Chant & Gutmann, 2000; Rai, 2003). Gender bias in government policies at the central and regional levels still occurs due to the low understanding of decision makers in the executive, judicial, legislative branches of the meaning, goals and direction of gender responsive development. In the main issues of the Jayapura Regency Medium Term Development Plan (RPJMD), especially in the field of women and children, it does not comprehensively discuss women's issues becoming the strategic issue of the Jayapura Regency RPJMD. In the strategic issue of women in Jayapura Regency, it focuses more on revitalizing and optimizing the role of religious institutions, the role of women and social services. Method This study uses qualitative methods to find answers about women's participation in development planning in the health sector, and determinants related to women's participation models in health development planning in Jayapura Regency, so the type of research used is descriptive. The focus of this research is to describe the determinant factors of women's participation in development planning, especially in the special autonomy era of Jayapura Regency. The determinant factors referred to in this study are the factors which predominantly influence either support or hinder women's participation in development planning in the health sector in Jayapura Regency. The informants of this study were determined through a purposive sampling technique. Researchers grouped them into two categories, namely (1) informants who made development policies, namely members of the Jayapura Regency Regional People's Representative Council (DPRD), the Secretary of the Jayapura Regency Bapedda, the Head of the Sub Division of the Sports Education Sub-Division, the People's Welfare Bappeda, the Social Service Secretariat, the Head of Women Empowerment in Jayapura Regency, Secretary of the Jayapura Regency Health Office, Head of the Regional Hospital, (2) Community informants, namely community leaders, women's non-government organizations. Data were collected through observation and interviews. The stages of qualitative data analysis include data structuring, data reduction, data presentation and conclusion drawing. Determinant Factors of Low Women's Participation in Development Planning in Jayapura Regency 291 International Journal of Multicultural and Multireligious Understanding (IJMMU) Vol. 8, No. 1, January 2021 Results and Discussion Ability of Women in Musrenbang The ability of women in Jayapura Regency, both the ability to attend the musrenbang forum and the ability to give ideas of ideas, varies greatly from person to person. In the implementation of the musrenbang that has taken place so far, at the village, district and Regency levels, women's representatives who generally have the most enthusiasm are those who have the ability to provide ideas or who have the ability to convey their ideas in the forum. musrenbang. The capacities of women in musrenbang forums differ from one another. There are some women who have the ability to generate ideas in development planning but sometimes they do not have the ability to convey their ideas. Many women's ideas are ultimately in vain because they are not conveyed in the musrenbang forum. Such cases usually occur in musrenbang forums at the village level. In order to maximize women's participation, they must be equipped with the ability to generate ideas about development and must have the ability to convey their ideas and ideas to the Jayapura government in musrenbang forums which are held at the village, district and Regency levels. Basically, the ability of women in Jayapura Regency is an important factor in musrenbang activities. The more women who have the ability to put forward their proposals in musrenbang activities, both the ability to attend musrenbang activities and the ability to provide their ideas and ideas in musrenbang will further improve the musrenbang, including improving the quality of the musrenbang implemented. Based on the results of interviews, the abilities of women in Jayapura Regency in participating in the musrenbang forum are generally not the same for everyone. There are those who have the ability only to attend musrenbang activities and there are also those who have the ability not only to attend musrenbang activities but have the ability to give their ideas related to the development in the health sector they propose, including defending their ideas. Women who are fully capable of attending the musrenbang, giving ideas and defending their ideas generally have a high level of education to attend musrenbang activities. Considering that women's ability to be involved in musrenbang is an important factor, then the Jayapura Regency government must provide guidance in order to improve the capacity of women in Jayapura Regency in development planning so that they can be fully involved in musrenbang activities. Efforts to increase women's capacity in musrenbang will make women confident and enthusiastic in providing their ideas. Increasing women's abilities can be done by conducting training, socialization and so on. So far, the ability of women in musrenbang activities is not evenly distributed. In general, there are only a few women who are active in
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