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Estado Do Mundo 2011 capa:2011 9/2/11 12:20 PM Page 1 20112011 ESTADO DO MUNDO InovaçõesInovações queque NutremNutrem oo PlanetaPlaneta THE WORLDWATCH INSTITUTE IaXXVII_intro_val:2011 10/10/11 8:41 AM Page I 2011 ESTADO DO MUNDO Inovações que Nutrem o Planeta THE WORLDWATCH INSTITUTE apoio e realização: patrocínio Akatu: patrocínio WWI: IaXXVII_intro_val:2011 10/11/11 12:09 PM Page III 2011 ESTADO DO MUNDO Inovações que Nutrem o Planeta Relatório do Worldwatch Institute sobre o Avanço Rumo a uma Sociedade Sustentável Danielle Nierenberg e Brian Halweil, Diretores de Projeto Royce Gloria Androa Mario Herrero Qureish Noordin Charles Benbrook Marcia Ishii-Eiteman Sandra L. Postel Marie-Ange Binagwaho Nancy Karanja Chris Reij Louise E. Buck Anna Lappé Andrew Rice Roland Bunch Brigid Letty Sara J. Scherr Marshall Burke David Lobell Alexandra Spieldoch Christopher Flavin Saidou Magagi Tristram Stuart Dianne Forte Serena Milano Abdou Tenkouano Samuel Fromartz Anuradha Mittal Ann Waters-Bayer Hans R. Herren Mary Njenga Linda Stark, Editora Eduardo Athayde, Editor associado UMA-Universidade Livre da Mata Atlântica UMA Editora IaXXVII_intro_val:2011 10/11/11 12:09 PM Page IV Copyright © 2010 Worldwatch Institute 1776 Massachusetts Avenue, N.W. Suite 800 Washington, DC 20036 www.worldwatch.org Todos os direitos reservados. Impresso nos Estados Unidos da América. As marcas registradas The STATE OF THE WORLD e Worldwatch INSTITUTE estão registradas no U.S. Patent and Trademark Office. As opiniões expressas são as dos autores e não representam, necessariamente, as do Worldwatch Institute, dos membros de seu conselho, de seus diretores, de sua equipe administrativa ou de seus financiadores. A composição do texto deste livro é em Galliard, com fonte ScalaSans. Projeto do livro, capa e composição por Lyle Rosbotham; produzido por Victor Graphics. Primeira Edição ISBN 978-0-393-33880-5 W. W. Norton & Company, Inc., 500 Fifth Avenue, New York, N.Y. 10110 www.wwnorton.com W. W. Norton & Company Ltd., Castle House, 75/76 Wells Street, London W1T 3QT IaXXVII_intro_val:2011 10/11/11 12:09 PM Page V Conselho de Administração do Worldwatch Institute Tom Crain Marcel Brenninkmeijer Akio Morishima Presidente do Conselho SUÍÇA JAPÃO ESTADOS UNIDOS James Cameron Sam Myers, MD, MPH Robert Charles Friese REINO UNIDO ESTADOS UNIDOS Vice-Presidente do Conselho ESTADOS UNIDOS Cathy Crain Ajit Nazre ESTADOS UNIDOS ESTADOS UNIDOS Geeta B. Aiyer Tesoureira James Dehlsen Izaak van Melle ESTADOS UNIDOS ESTADOS UNIDOS HOLANDA Nancy Hitz Ed Groark Richard Swanson Secretária ESTADOS UNIDOS ESTADOS UNIDOS ESTADOS UNIDOS Satu Hassi Wren Wirth Christopher Flavin FINLÂNDIA ESTADOS UNIDOS Presidente ESTADOS UNIDOS Jerre Hitz ESTADOS UNIDOS Membros Eméritos: Ray Anderson Øystein Dahle ESTADOS UNIDOS Jeffrey Lipton NORUEGA ESTADOS UNIDOS L. Russell Bennett, Advogado Abderrahman Khene ARGÉLIA ESTADOS UNIDOS IaXXVII_intro_val:2011 10/11/11 12:09 PM Page VI Equipe Administrativa do Worldwatch Institute Robert Engelman Colleen Kredell Mary Redfern Vice-Presidente de Programas Gerente de Comunicações Diretora de Relações On-line Institucionais Barbara Fallin Diretora Financeira e Trudy Loo Michael Renner Administrativa Diretora de Doações de Pessoas Pesquisador Sênior Físicas Christopher Flavin Samuel Shrank Presidente Haibing Ma Pesquisador de Energia Gerente de Programa para a Sustentável Gary Gardner China Pesquisador Sênior Patricia Shyne Lisa Mastny Diretora de Publicações e Saya Kitasei Editora Sênior Marketing Pesquisadora de Energia Sustentável Danielle Nierenberg Russell Simon Pesquisadora Sênior Diretor de Comunicação Alex Kostura Assessor de Desenvolvimento Alexander Ochs Molly Theobald Presidente Adjunto Diretor de Clima e Energia Pesquisadora Pesquisadores, Assessores e Consultores Erik Assadourian Bo Normander Damandeep Singh Pesquisador Sênior Assessor Sênior para a Europa Assessor Sênior para a Índia Hilary French Corey Perkins Sharon Solomon Pesquisadora Sênior Gerente de TI Assessora Sênior para Desenvolvimento Brian Halweil Sandra Postel Pesquisador Sênior Pesquisadora Sênior Linda Starke Editora do Estado do Mundo Mia MacDonald Lyle Rosbotham Pesquisadora Sênior Consultor de Arte e Design Eric Martinot Janet Sawin Pesquisador Sênior Pesquisadora Sênior IaXXVII_intro_val:2011 10/11/11 12:09 PM Page VII Agradecimentos O Worldwatch Institute não poderia compilar Spielman, Steve Staal, Abdou Tenkouano, um livro tão ambicioso quanto o Estado do Norman Uphoff, Edith van Walsum, Swarna Mundo 2011: Inovações que Nutrem o Planeta S. Vepa e Jacob Wanyama. sem uma rede global fantástica de assessores e Além disso, gostaríamos de agradecer ao colaboradores. Nos últimos dois anos, tentamos Conselho de Administração do Worldwatch entender não apenas as conexões entre fome, Institute por seu comando: ao Presidente do pobreza e degradação ambiental, mas também Conselho Tom Crain, ao Vice-Presidente do soluções sustentáveis para esses problemas. Conselho Robert Charles Friese, à Tesoureira Durante esse período, apresentamos informes Geeta B. Aiyer, à Secretária Nancy Hitz, ao sobre nosso aprendizado ao www.Nourishingthe Presidente do Worldwatch Christopher Flavin, a Planet.org, compartilhando com nossa crescente Ray Anderson, L. Russell Bennett, Marcel Bren- rede de leitores no mundo todo as histórias de ninkmeijer, James Cameron, Cathy Crain, James agricultores, grupos de agricultores, jornalistas, Dehlsen, Ed Groark, Satu Hassi, Jerre Hitz, cientistas e doadores. Jeffrey Lipton, Akio Morishima, Sam Myers, Ajit Temos enormes agradecimentos ao Nourishing Nazre, Richard Swanson, Izaak van Melle e Wren the Planet (NtP) Advisory Group. Nos últimos Wirth, e aos membros eméritos de nosso dois anos, eles foram assessores de confiança, Conselho: Øystein Dahle e Abderrahman Khene. mostrando-nos projetos in loco e dando-nos Infelizmente, Andrew E. Rice, membro do feedback sobre os diferentes elementos consti- Conselho desde longa data e seu ex-presidente, tuintes do projeto, incluindo o blog NtP. O faleceu em 2010 após uma batalha corajosa contra Advisory Group conta com as seguintes um câncer. A paixão inextinguível de Andy pelo conceituadas pessoas: Bina Agarwal, Lorena desenvolvimento econômico e social o teria Aguilar, Dave Andrews, Shayna Bailey, Charles deixado particularmente satisfeito com o foco do Benbrook, Jake Blehm, Louise Buck, Ben Estado do Mundo deste ano. Burkett, Olivier De Schutter, Jim DeVries, O Estado do Mundo não existiria sem as Amadou Diop, Alan Duncan, Sue Edwards, generosas contribuições financeiras de nossos Tewolde Berhan Gebre Egziabher, Charles muitos patrocinadores. Mais de 3.500 Amigos Erhart, Cary Fowler, Dennis Garrity, Hans do Worldwatch financiam praticamente um Herren, Jackie Hughes, Dyno Keatinge, Gawain terço do orçamento operacional do Instituto. Kripke, Loren A. Labovitch, David Lobell, Luc O programa de pesquisa do Worldwatch conta Mougeot, Mark Muller, Sam Myers, Sudha com o patrocínio de um rol de organizações e Nair, Arivudai Nambi, Eliud Ngunjiri, fundações. Somos gratos à Bill & Melinda Gates Diamantino Nhampossa, Jan Nijhoff, Tim Foundation por seu apoio em nos permitir Ogborn, Thomas Pesek, Jules Pretty, Chris Reij, apresentar relatórios diretamente do campo e Raj Rengalakshmi, Mike Robinson, Sara Scherr, por nos auxiliar a fazer com que o Estado do Christina Schiavoni, Alexandra Spieldoch, David Mundo focasse inteiramente em inovações que VII IaXXVII_intro_val:2011 10/11/11 12:09 PM Page VIII Agradecimentos ESTADO DO MUNDO 2011 ajudam a aliviar a fome e a pobreza. Nossos Grécia; à Earth Day Foundation, na Hungria; ao agradecimentos especiais vão para Haven Ley e Centre for Environment Education na Índia; ao Brantley Browning, nossos diretores de programa World Wide Fund for Nature e à Edizioni na Fundação. Eles nos deram conselhos e Ambiente, na Itália; ao Worldwatch Japão; ao estímulo no transcorrer de todo o projeto, e Africam Safari, à Televis Verde, à SEMARNAT e somos profundamente gratos por sua ajuda. à Universidad de las Americas Puebla, no México Somos também gratos a diversas outras e na América Latina; à Editura Tehnica, na fundações, governos e instituições cujo respaldo Romênia; ao Worldwatch Norden; ao Center of no ano passado viabilizou muitos outros Theoretical Analysis of Environmental Problems projetos do Instituto: a American Clean Skies and International Independent University of Foundation; o Apollo Alliance Project, com Environmental and Political Sciences, na Rússia; recursos provenientes das Fundações Rockefeller à DOYOSEA-Korea Green Foundation, na e Surdna; a Heinrich Boell Foundation; a Casten Coreia do Sul; ao Centro UNESCO da Catalunha Family Foundation; a Compton Foundation, pela versão em catalão e à Fundación Hogar del Inc.; o Del Mar Global Trust; a Energy and Empleado e Editorial Icaria pela versão em Environment Partnership with Central America; castelhano, na Espanha; ao Taiwan Watch o Ministério de Relações Exteriores do Governo Institute; ao Turkiye Erozyonla Mucadele, da Finlândia; Sam Gary and Associates, Inc.; o Agaclandima ve Dogal Varliklari Koruma Vakfi, Ministério do Meio Ambiente, Proteção da na Turquia; e ao Earthscan, no Reino Unido. Natureza e Segurança da Alemanha; o Richard O relacionamento editorial mais longo do and Rhoda Goldman Fund e o Goldman Envi- Worldwatch é com a W. W. Norton & Company ronmental Prize; a Hitz Foundation; a Steven em Nova York. Graças à sua equipe – espe- C. Leuthold Family Foundation; o MAP cialmente Amy Cherry, Laura Romain, Devon Royalty, Inc. Sustainable Energy Education
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