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TOSAMAIDAN NEED(S) ASSESSMENT REPORT SEPTEMBER, 2015

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TOSAMAIDAN NEED(S) ASSESSMENT REPORT SEPTEMBER, 2015 TOSAMAIDAN NEED(s) ASSESSMENT REPORT SEPTEMBER, 2015 Jashn-e-Tosamaidan after Army’s vacation Army’s ‘Operation Falah’ in 2014 Latest victim’s (Simran & Fayaz) family (Courtesy: Kashmir Life) (Courtesy: The Hindu) (Courtesy: Al-Jazeera) HANDICAP INTERNATIONAL A Report prepared by Project Manager, Handicap International, Jammu and Kashmir, Mehran Khan with his three member Team. P-1 Introduction of Jammu and Kashmir Jammu and Kashmir is a state in northern India, Pakistan, which claims the territory as disputed, re- granted special autonomy under Article 370 of the fers to it alternatively as Constitution of In- "Indian-occupied Kashmir" or dia. It is located most- "Indian-held Kashmir," whereas ly in the Himalayan some international agencies Mountains, and shares such as the United Nations call a border with the it "Indian-administered Kash- states of Himachal mir. Pradesh and Punjab to the south. Jammu and Jammu and Kashmir consists of Kashmir has an inter- three regions: Jammu, national border with t h e Kashmir Val- China in the north and ley and Ladakh, Srinagar is the Map of Jammu and Kashmir (India) east, and the Line of summer capital and Jammu is Control separates it from the Pakistani-controlled ter- the winter capital. The Kashmir valley is famous for ritories of Azad Kashmir and Gilgit–Baltistan in the its beautiful mountainous landscape, and Jammu's west and northwest, respectively. numerous shrines attract tens of thousands of Hindu pilgrims every year. Ladakh, also known as Formerly a part of the erstwhile Princely State of "Little Tibet", is renowned for its remote mountain Kashmir and Jammu, which governed the larger his- beauty and Buddhist culture. Jammu & Kashmir is the toric region of Kashmir, the region is the subject of only state in India with a Muslim-majority population. a territorial conflict among China, India and Pakistan. Geography of Tosa-Maidan Tosa Maidan is a magnificent meadow in the cen- Tosa-Maidan remained a bone of contention be- tral Budgam district of Jammu & Kashmir which tween local residents and the army from last dec- lies on the Pir Panjal Range, South East of the ade till it was vacated by army in summer 2014. famous tourist destination, Gulmarg. Tosa Mai- dan is 3 miles in length and 1.5 miles in width Sattelite Imagery of Tosa-Maidan which makes it the largest meadowland in its sur- rounding areas. From centuries it has served as grazing land for the villagers’ livestock. At a height of 2,500-4,500 metres above sea level, its lower reaches are for- ested with vast stands of fir and spruce inter- spersed with emerald green meadows to which villagers take their cattle for grazing in summer. Since 1964, the area remained under the lease of Indian Army and the Air Force as a field firing range and the 50 year lease ended out on 18 April 2014. P-2 Historical background and Impact Area Tosa Maidan is one of those highland pastures, which from centuries served as a grazing land to the surrounding states of Jammu and Kashmir and parts of Pakistan. Before 1947, it used to be a connecting link to Kashmir Valley from out- side areas like Poonch and Punjab. However, the area was chosen as a firing range in 1964, partly be- cause of thin population of its adjoining areas and also because of its incalcu- lability across the Line of Control (LoC) between Gulmarg and Poonch and the strate- gic Haji Pir held by Paki- stan. The Tosa Maidan Highlighted: Contaminated Area (Impact Area) meadow was used by the Army, the Indian Air Force (IAF) and Central Reserve Police Force (CRPF) as firing range for conduct- ing artillery training from 1964 to 2014. After nearly five decades and huge public outcry during years of 2012-2013, Tosa Maidan was thrown open for public use, after the State government decided not to extend the lease given to the Army after it expired on April, 18, 2014. The general public opposition to the firing range originated from the fact that in the past five dec- ades, according to the media reports and the former Chief Minister, Omar Abdullah, 63 people have been killed and hundreds disabled in several accidents due to unexploded shells littered on the mead- ow’s slopes. Almost 52 villages were affected by the firing range. Amongst these, 16 were severely affected. But, since 1964, for every six months from May to October every year, the meadow saw scenes of simu- lated warfare carried out by the Army. During this period the villages reverberated with the barrage of shelling and deafening explosions, forcing the villagers to stay indoors most of the time. FREE TOSA MAIDAN CAMPAIGN The human cost of the military exer- cises caused much outcry not only in the affected vil- Courtesy: Kashmir Life lages but across the valley which then forced The Chief Minister, Omar Abdullah, Courtesy: Tosa-Maidan Bachao Front- in March 2014, to admit that 63 deaths have occurred in the area due to unexploded ordnance (UXO) since 1965 till date Sarpanchs of this district five decades to break their silence and much more received injuries due to unexploded shells in and these elected panchayati members turned to be the five Tosa Maidan. The former chief minister while addressing leading faces of protest under Tosa Maidan Bachao Front state legislative council disclosed that neither compensation (TBF). nor jobs have been provided to the affected families. The ar- my had leased the land in and around the firing range and the Tosa Maidan Bachao Front (TBF), an amalgam body com- prised of many organisations like Rural Voice, JK RTI Move- lease was renewed every 10 years for more than five decades. ment, Panchayat association Budgam as well as the local pop- The latest lease was to expire on 18 April, 2014. ulation of the district. Soon, the front started a large scale Meanwhile, in early 2013, Tosa Maidan Bachao Front (TBF), awareness campaign to gain more support to their agitation. a local body which fought against the lease extension of the The movement was led by the Chairman of Tosa Maidan Bachao Front and Right to Information Movement (TBF/ meadow to the Indian army comprising of 5 Sarpanches of RTI), Dr. Ghulam Rasool Sheikh and his Programme Coordi- District Budgam who became the main faces of the campaign, nator, Nazir Ahmad who became instrumental in vacating the came into existence. This amalgam body (TBF) began to cam- firing range from Tosa Maidan after a long struggle.. paign relentlessly for the termination of the lease. It took the P-3 aware about those unexploded explo- ganises a festival every year in Tosa PRESENT SCENARIO sives and how they can circumvent Maidan to celebrate the leaving of Ar- Deputy Development Commissioner from the risks so as to prevent more my from that beautiful meadow. Fayaz Budgam, Altaf Ahmad Bhat said that causalities in future. Fayaz added that also said that if Handicap International there is high possibility of the area still organisations which are working on will intervene the area for risk educa- being contaminated. When asked about such issues should visit these areas and tion & awareness camps or clearance of Government thinking of opening Tosa do awareness camps so that the people the area, they will get full support from Maidan for the district police. tourists, he Meanwhile, Tosa straight away Maidan Bachao said that Front (TBF) ac- there is no tivists said that possibility of there is a need for opening Tosa the government Maidan for and Non- Govern- tourists fear- ment Organisa- ing the vast tions’ interven- land is still tion to clear the contaminated area with respect with unex- to the shells, ploded ord- which according nance Source: Tosa Maidan Bachao Front (TBF) to them could (UXOs). Deputy Development Com- detonate any time and might claim missioner said that there is definitely a are aware about how to prevent causali- more lives. “This beautiful green - need to clear the unexploded shells in ties and how to report these unexploded pasture which has lately earned the the meadow for the safety of the local explosives, because most of the are not name as “Meadow of Death” because population, who are at high risk, living reported by locals. He said that by do- of growing fatalities over the years is in that area. ing such awareness camps, the local littered with shells and other explosives Similar statements came forward while population will also be involved which making the biggest challenge to flour- discussing the Tosa Maidan issue with will expedite in the cleaning process of ish the tourism and other livelihood the Senior Superintendent of Police Tosa Maidan. activities,” says Nazir Ahmad Lone, (SSP), Kashmir Police Service, Bud- Program Coordinator Tosa Maidan Both the Deputy Development Com- gam, Fayaz Ahmad, as he said that the Bachao Front (TBF). missioner and Senior Superintendent of place is still contaminated with unex- Police, Budgam showed resentment According to an Army officer, Major ploded shells which can prove to be regarding the Indian Army’s Operation Himant Singh, the army has carried out Falah, which according to the Army, was launched for Clearance of unexploded explosives in Tosa Maidan. Community Group Discussion at Khaag Village, Tosa-Maidan After conduct- Focal Group Discussion at Sitaharan Village, Tosa-Maidan COURTESY: Hanan Zahoor ing Operation (Courtesy: Sheikh Manzoor) Falah, the catastrophic for the local population army declared that the area has been cleaning operations in the area under residing near to the areas. Referring to completely cleared in terms of unex- the mission, Falah in October 2014, the recent August 27, 2015 incident, he ploded explosives, to which the District before it provided an official clearance said that recently two live Mortar shells Superintendent of Police, Fayaz Ahmad of Tosa Maidan.
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