Bryn Blaen Wind Farm Ltd, Powys, Wales
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Bryn Blaen Wind Farm Ltd, Powys, Wales Written Scheme of Investigation January 2017 www.erm.com Image: Domen Giw Cairn, Powys Wales, December 2016 www.erm.com The business of sustainability ERM has over 160 offices across the following countries and territories worldwide Argentina Norway Australia Panama Belgium Peru Brazil Poland Canada Portugal Chile Puerto Rico China Romania Colombia Russia France Singapore Germany South Africa Hong Kong South Korea India Spain Indonesia Sweden Ireland Switzerland Italy Taiwan Japan Thailand Kazakhstan The Netherlands Kenya United Arab Emirates Malaysia United Kingdom Mexico United States Mozambique Vietnam New Zealand ERM’s London Office 2nd Floor, Exchequer Court | 33 St Mary Axe | London | EC3A 8AAT www.erm.com www.erm.com REPORT Bryn Blaen Wind Farm Ltd, Powys, Wales Written Scheme of Investigation January 2017 Ref: 0334612 For and on behalf of Environmental Resources Management Approved by: Charles Le Quesne Signed: Position: Principal Heritage Consultant Date: 23nd January 2017 Prepared by: Michael Tomiak This report has been prepared by Environmental Resources Management the trading name of Environmental Resources Management Limited, with all reasonable skill, care and diligence within the terms of the Contract with the client, incorporating our General Terms and Conditions of Business and taking account of the resources devoted to it by agreement with the client. We disclaim any responsibility to the client and others in respect of any matters outside the scope of the above. This report is confidential to the client and we accept no responsibility of whatsoever nature to third parties to whom this report, or any part thereof, is made known. Any such party relies on the report at their own risk. Environmental Resources Management Limited Incorporated in the United Kingdom with registration number 1014622 Registered Office: 2nd Floor, Exchequer Crt, 33 St Mary Axe, London, EC3A 8AA Environmental Resources Management Limited Incorporated in the United Kingdom with registration number 1014622 Registered Office: 2nd Floor, Exchequer Crt, 33 St Mary Axe, London, EC3A 8AA CONTENTS 1 INTRODUCTION 2 1.1 PROJECT BACKGROUND 2 1.2 SCOPE OF DOCUMENT 2 2 SITE DESCRIPTION 3 2.1 SCHEME INFORMATION 3 2.2 LOCATION, TOPOGRAPHY AND GEOLOGY 3 3 ARCHAEOLOGICAL BACKGORUND 4 4 FIELDWORK OBJECTIVES 5 4.1 SCOPE OF WORKS 5 4.2 AIMS 5 4.3 OBJECTIVES 5 4.4 FIELDWORK METHODOLOGY AND PROGRAMME 6 4.5 STANDARD 7 4.6 MACHINE SPECIFICATIONS 8 4.7 FINDS 8 4.8 HUMAN REMAINS 8 4.9 ENVIRONMENTAL REMAINS 9 4.10 TREASURE 10 4.11 OTHER SAMPLES 10 5 WATCHING BRIEF REPORT 11 5.1 DISTRIBUTION OF REPORTING 11 5.2 OASIS 11 6 HEALTH AND SAFETY 13 7 RESPONSIBILITIES AND MONITORING 14 8 ARCHIVE, STORAGE AND CURATION 15 8.1 MUSEUM 15 8.2 TRANSFER OF TITLE 15 8.3 PREPARATION OF ARCHIVE 15 8.4 SECURITY COPY 15 9 PROJECT MANAGEMENT AND STAFFING 16 9.1 PERSONNEL 16 10 REFERENCES 17 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 PROJECT BACKGROUND Environmental Resource Management (ERM) has been commissioned by Njord Energy Developments to ensure compliance with the cultural heritage conditions (#53 -56) of Planning Application 15/3133966 (described in the Annex of the appeal decision document). Consent for the wind farm was won on appeal in August 2016. The works form part of the mitigation of the impact on the cultural heritage of the area that may arise from construction and operation of the Blaen y Glyn wind farm. This Written Scheme of Investigation (WSI) details the specifics of the archaeological investigations that are to be carried out and has been compiled in response to the planning conditions to ensure adherence to and complete coverage of their requirements. 1.2 SCOPE OF DOCUMENT This WSI sets out the approach to the historic environment mitigation and the associated methodology, and the naming of the professional qualified archaeological contractor that will be present during the undertaking of the select construction and excavation works within the development area of Bryn y Glyn wind farm. This document conforms to best practice and guidance outlined in the relevant sections of the Chartered Institute for Archaeologists’ (CIfA) regulations, standards and guidelines. 2 SITE DESCRIPTION 2.1 SCHEME INFORMATION Planning permission has been granted to construct and operate 6 wind turbines with a maximum tip height of 100m and maximum hub height of 59m, together with ancillary development comprising substation, control building, new and upgraded access points and tracks, new alternative recreational track, hardstanding and temporary compound and associated works at Blaen y Glyn, Llangurig, Llanidloes, Powys SY18 6SL. Design details can be viewed in Appendix 1; Scheme Design. 2.2 LOCATION, TOPOGRAPHY AND GEOLOGY The proposed works extend from the A470 leading north-westwards to the top of Bryn Blaen y Glyn (NGR 290675 281805) and Pen y Garreg-won (NGR 290408 283287) (Figure 2.1). Open hills and mountains continue to the west and north; to the south and east the land drops towards the River Wye and various settlements in the valley. The closest settlement is Llangurig, between 1.5 km and 0.5km to the south, south-west of the Site. The bedrock geology is Glanyrafon Formation (lower Tongue), consisting of interbedded Mudstone and Sandstone. There is no superficial geology (BGS, 2016). Figure 2.1 Scheme Footprint 3 ARCHAEOLOGICAL BACKGORUND The following section is summarised from the Historic Environment chapter of the Bryn Blaen Windfarm Environmental Statement (ADAS 2014). Place name evidence suggests that Bronze Age and Iron Age monuments exist in the area. Domen Giw is the only prehistoric monument in the vicinity of the application area and is interpreted as a heavily disturbed Bronze Age barrow, perhaps later used as a beacon. There are no further known prehistoric features in the vicinity of the proposals. In general however, the sub-surface archaeological potential is an unknown quantity. The scheduled cairn suggest some prehistoric activity but this may have been limited to ritual and funerary practices at key focal points only on the hill tops. Some late medieval/post medieval encroachment with field boundaries exists but in limited quantities. Further prehistoric archaeology is probably the most likely to exist within the area and development footprint (most likely from the late Mesolithic through to Bronze Age) but the form and location cannot be determined. 4 FIELDWORK OBJECTIVES 4.1 SCOPE OF WORKS The extent of the construction and excavations is provided in sheets 1 to 9 of Appendix 1. The archaeological monitoring will include the excavations for 6 wind turbines (and their hardstandings), access tracks, substations and compound stripping areas which are all located within the development footprint. 4.2 AIMS The principle aim of the archaeological watching brief is to identify any previously unidentified buried archaeology and record the archaeological resource during development within the area affected by the proposals using appropriate methods and practices in compliance with the relevant standard and guidance and by-laws. 4.3 OBJECTIVES The project has the following specific objectives: To monitor groundworks highlighted within the areas directly affected by the proposals: o identify and record any remains of archaeological significance o ensure that minimal damage is done to archaeological deposits that may arise. To allow, within the resources available, the preservation by record of archaeological deposits, the presence and nature of which could not be established in advance of development. This work will include; o the assurance of their preservation through record o confirmation of the approximate date or date range of the remains, by means of artefactual or other evidence; o confirmation of approximate extent of remains o determination of the condition and state of preservation of the remains; o determination of the degree of complexity of the horizontal and/or vertical stratigraphy present; o the opportunity, if needed, for the watching archaeologist to signal to all interested parties, before the destruction of the material in question, that an archaeological find has been made for which the resources allocated to the watching brief itself are not sufficient to support treatment to a satisfactory and proper standard; and o preparation of a report on the result of the watching brief and deposit the resulting archive with a suitable repository. To provide insights to, and fill knowledge gaps of, the paleoenvironmental sequence of the area through sampling and analysis. 4.4 FIELDWORK METHODOLOGY AND PROGRAMME Watching Brief The fieldwork will consist of the archaeological monitoring of excavations carried out where the following planned infrastructure items will be located and construction works take place: access tracks (except where they traverse a steep slope) turbine foundations and hard-standings (6) substations (1) compound stripping area (1) The locations of these elements are detailed in the Scheme Design (Appendix 1 and 2) and in Figure 4.1 Figure 4.1 Elements of the Scheme design that will be archaeologically monitored (excluding access tracks) Records will be made of observations including written, drawn and photographic records as appropriate. Archaeological features and deposits will be surveyed using a Total Station/GPS and related to Ordnance Survey, or accurately measured from known points. During excavations, should the watching archaeologist identify archaeological remains that the resources allocated to the watching brief itself are not sufficient to support recording to a satisfactory and proper standard, the excavations will cease and reassessment of the situation will take place. The CPAT planning archaeologist will also be contacted. If necessary a supplementary written scheme of investigation will be drawn to address handling of and mitigation of the resource. If required, arrangements will be put in place with the Client in order for the LPA to monitor progress of the watching brief. Sampling If the groundworks reveal extensive peat sequences of greater than 1m depth, systematic sampling should take place.