Sensors Automated driving Data mining Diesel systems With all the Making the most of The new oil of the Trucks under senses car time global economy pressure Annual report 2015 magazine At Bosch, change is not only something we embrace, it’s something we’re also actively helping to shape. By looking to the future, we succeed in cre- ating technology that is “Invented for life” and makes our everyday lives simpler, more enjoyable, and safer. Central to this is a special focus on connectivity. The internet of things con- nects machines, products, and people with each other. It allows mountains to be moved with the tap of a inger. Every day, Bosch is helping to develop new connected solutions that create added value, beneit users, and con- serve natural resources. Connectivity also guides our associates’ mindset and actions. They are working on sensor technology, software, and services – Bosch core com- petencies for the internet of things. And connectivity is making traditional Bosch products even better. But the internet of things poses just as many questions as it answers. What applications are conceivable, which of them make sense and create ben- eit? What do customers want, what will they accept? In this magazine, we show the paths we are taking, and our reasons for doing so. We show how Bosch is fusing the virtual with the physical. For users, everything is kept as simple as possible: “Simply.Connected.” ANNUAL-REPORT.BOSCH.COM Data mining The new oil of the global economy Sensors 40 With all the senses 4 Smart homes Comfort zone Automated driving 46 Making the most of car time Diesel systems 14 Trucks under pressure 50 Two-wheelers Industry 4.0 A bit more safety A world of data in tablet form Globally networked 20 27 Space for ideas 56 Services Connected tools Bosch on alert The wave of the future 22 32 Data security A solid defense 36 With all the senses In connected systems around the world, billions of tiny Bosch MEMS sensors are improving people’s lives. In smartphones, wearables, and applications for the internet of things, these sensors provide important data; in vehicles, their job is to make driving safer and more relaxed. We join the Bosch associate Chen Jie on a “tour of extremes” through the metropolis of Shanghai, as she demon- strates what these sensors are capable of measuring. ANNUAL-REPORT.BOSCH.COM/SENSORS 4 1 fm 3D The movable silicon structures inside a MEMS sensor can detect shifts in the femtometer range in their position relative to other struc- tures. This microscopically small distance is roughly equivalent to the diameter of an atomic nucleus. To give an idea of the dimen- sions at play here, the photograph on the right shows a human hair resting on such a silicon structure. 5 Video 6 Fast: On the other side of the window, colors and shapes blend into each other, becoming a blur of trees, streets, and skyscrapers. If this were an airplane, we’d be taking off by now. But the maglev floats – at 300 kph, then 320. The floor of this magnetic levitation train running from Shanghai Pudong Inter- national Airport to downtown Shanghai vibrates softly. 350 kph. “I can feel the acceleration,” Chen Jie says. And she can measure it, too. A glance at her smartwatch tells her that our acceleration is 0.85 m/s2. A little later, the train reaches 430 kph – its top speed, which it maintains for 50 seconds. Chen Jie’s eyes flicker as she looks out the window. Acceleration 0.85 m/s2 2 mm ACCELERATION As part of in-vehicle ESP systems and vehicle dynamics control applications such as ACC adaptive cruise control or rollover detection, acceleration and yaw- rate sensors work to ensure safety. 7 AIR QUALITY Gas sensors help monitor air quality by detecting harmful elements in the ambient air. These elements can come from things such as paints, varnishes, cleaning products, furniture, adhesives, and alcohol. Clean: From a Chinese perspective, Chen Jie lives and works just a stone’s throw from the metropo- lis of Shanghai and its 24 million inhabitants. Suzhou, where she heads the Bosch sensor test center, is roughly an hour’s drive away. She and her team of around 80 associates check the functioning of micro- electromechanical systems, or MEMS. Sometimes as small as a pinhead, MEMS sensors have a tangible effect on many aspects of our daily lives, whether in connection with smartphones, tablets, wearables, applications for the internet of things, or in vehicles. Around a million of these tiny devices, particularly pressure and inertial sensors that measure acceleration and yaw rate for consumer electronics applica- tions, pass through the testing facilities in Suzhou every day under the strictest clean-room conditions. Clean air is not just something that concerns MEMS in the clean room, however, but also in metropo- lises like Shanghai. “Our latest sensors can measure air quality,” Chen Jie says. For example, fresh air can be let into a room when required – when a meeting has been going on for a long time, say. Smart windows and blinds can be opened at the touch of a smartphone button. 8 Vital: Mopeds, bicycles, and cars push past one another in the heart of Shanghai. This is the fast pulse of a metropolis during rush hour. Chen Jie’s smartwatch tells her that her own pulse is currently 92 beats per minute. She has already taken 6,414 steps today, burning around 300 calories. “But that’s probably not enough for first place,” she says with a wink. She is refer- ring to a fitness group that her colleagues in Suzhou created using the WeChat app; each day, the person who has taken the most steps wins. Chen Jie pauses briefly on the Zha Pu Road Bridge. “Lots of couples get their wedding photos taken here,” she says. The reason is the mar- velous backdrop: the spectacular skyline of the Pudong district with skyscrapers such as the Oriental Pearl Tower, the Shanghai Tower, and the Shanghai World Financial Center. The latter, which looks like a giant bottle opener, is home to the world’s highest viewing platform. ORIENTATION Acceleration and yaw-rate sensors help smartphones do things such as count steps or change screen orientation (portrait or landscape) to suit the user, as well as with mobile navigation and the monitoring of vital signs. 9 ENVIRONMENT Environmental sensors measure ambient temperature, atmospheric pressure, and humidity, making it possible to customize weather widgets with local forecasts. On the basis of this information, users can plan their day and dress appropriately. 10 High: Before taking the ride up, Chen Jie makes one last check: 26°C, no rain, low humidity – to judge by the latest conditions reported by her smartphone, the views are going to be great. Bathed in dark blue light, the visitor elevator at the Shanghai World Financial Center speeds upward at ten meters per second. Chen Jie has tracked her progress by using her smartwatch to count the floors as they fly by: 50, 92, 96, 97, then 100. Here’s where the Sky Walk is located. The glass- bottomed observation deck offers breathtaking views at a height of 474 meters. No wonder so many selfies are taken up here. “Somewhere over there is my alma mater,” says Chen Jie as she gestures to the north. The 37-year-old studied international investment and seemed destined for a career in one of Pudong’s bank towers, structures that appear small from this height. “But by the time I finished my studies, I decided that I didn’t want to work just with money,” she says. “I wanted a job that fulfilled me.” MEMS technol- ogy helps many people improve their quality of life. “And I’m a small part of that.” She smiles, then quickly takes a selfie. MEMS SENSORS Just a few microns in size, the extremely delicate sili- con structures shift when the MEMS sensor moves. As a result, their electrical properties are altered. These alterations can be measured and converted into a data stream. Depending on the sensor type, the user will then receive information about variables such as temperature, humidity, air quality, acceleration, and position. 11 ALTITUDE Pressure sensors can measure changes in height, and display altitude to the nearest meter. When combined with yaw-rate and geomagnetic sensors, these offer just as many beneits for outdoor itness activities as they do for pinpointing position, even within a “It’s really easy to get multistory building. lost in here.” Chen Jie 12 Big: Bosch’s Reutlingen location plays a major role in the MEMS success story. Since 1995, the plant has manufactured just under 7 billion MEMS sensors. The facility in Germany functions as lead plant for Suzhou, and the two work closely together. “I’m there two to three times a year,” says Chen Jie. When she’s there, she always tries to head out to the nearby fashion outlet in Metzingen after work. Like so many Chinese, Chen Jie has a passion for shopping – and Shanghai in particular offers boundless op- portunities for indulging it. It’s no wonder that this is the home of Global Harbor – the world’s largest ur- ban shopping center occupies six floors and 480,000 square meters. “It’s really easy to get lost in here,” Chen Jie says as we enter the luxurious building. She pulls out her smartphone. The display shows a detailed map of the mall and, thanks to the interplay of many different MEMS sensors, constantly indi- cates her current location.