Standards of Child Welfare

J*+tur -^ /1 U. S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR CHILDREN'S BUREAU JULIA C' LATHROP' Chief Report from Conference Series No. l, Bureau Publication No' 60 STANDARDSOF CHILD WELFARE SEPARATENO.4 CHILDREN IN NEED OF SPECIAL CARE AND STANDARDIZATIONOF CHILD WELFARE LA'WS v-' ffi a% WASHINGTON l9l9 Provided by the Maternal and Child Health Library, Georgetown University This page is blank in the original document. Provided by the Maternal and Child Health Libraryo GeorgetownUniversity CONTENTS PAGE LETTER OF TR,ANSMITTA]]. 7 GENERAI SIIMMARY.. .....Witliam L. Chenery' ..... l-l SECTION.I gEE ECONOIIIC A}ID SOCIAL BASIS FOR CIfiI,D WEI,FABE STA-IIDARDS............ SocialMetlicine . .. .....Dr. Ren6Sand. .. '.... ' 23 The FinancialCost of Rearinga Child'..Witliam F. Ogburn. ,.... 26 The Economicsof ChiltlWelfare........Dr.Royal Meeker ......" 31 'tr'amily Buclgets ..Dean S. P. Breckinriclge... ' ' ' ' ' ' 34 Cost of Living. .. .Miss FlorenceNesbitt. ' ', ,, " ' . ' 41 The Chiltl'sHome.. .....Mrs.Eva'WhitingWhite."'..'' 46 The Leisure of the chilcl. ....L. r. weir anclMiss Abbie condit 5i1 Standardsfor Children'sPlay. ..JosephLee.' .. '. : .. .. ... '. ". ' 63 66 Racial Factors ..... '....Professor Kelly Miller" ' " " " ' Belgian Children in War Time.. .Miss L. E. Carter. " " " ' 7l SECTIONII (t'IrrLDLABOB. .'....79-141 Legisiative Prohibition of Employment . " '81-108 GeneralStanclarcls .......Owen R' Lovejoy' " ""' 81 D.iscussion ...."" 85 trfinimum Physical Stanrlards. ...Dr. Emma MacKay Appel" " " ' 86 Defecti'r'e Vision Among Chicago Working Chilclren. ...Dr. E. V. L. Brown' ' " " 91 DangerousOccupations ..Dl' D. L. E<lsall. " " " " 93 Discussion ."""' 96 British EducationalStanclards. ..SirCyrilJackson. """' 98 Discussion "'""'102 Amrrican EclucationalStanclarcls. .. ... .CharlesE. Chadsey " " "105 Discussion .... .. ..108 Legislative Regrrlation of Employment " "109-131 State Oontrol . .. .Hon. Albert E. Hill.. '.. " ' " " '109 Ilours . ., .nliss Agnes Nestor " " "113 Vfage Principles ... .....Professor F. S. Deibler""" .' ' '116 Minimum Wago . .Dr. JessieaB. Peixotto. " " " " '118 Administrative Stanclartls ..... 'Miss Tracy Copp. " " " "125 Discussion.................... -- --'' '-Lgi 3 Provided by the Maternal and Child Health Libraryo Georgetown University 4 coNTENTs PAGE Vocatioual Guldarce and Pla.€Drert . -. .. .132-141 Juve.ile Placementi:l Great Britain....Ronakl C, Davison. ......132 Discussion .,,.,..,L37 SECTION III TEE EEALTE OF SIIILDBEN AND MOTIIEBS. ..143-304 Uet€ctlity and Infancy. .145-193 Standarcl Requiremeuts for Obstetrical Care.. .......Dr. J. WhitriclgeWilliams.......145 Discussion ........148 The Controlof YenerealInfection......,Dr. Philin C, Jeans.. ....149 Discussion ,...,,: ........155 The Controlof Michvifery .......Dr. CharlesV. Chapiu...........1,57 Discussion ........163 Issentials for Public Care of Maternity antl Infancy .Mrs. Eleanor Barton. ,.167 Discussion ... .. ...171 Serbian Experience .....Dr. Radmila Milochevitch Lazarevitch ...,773 UrbanProblems .... .....Dr. HenryF. Ilelmholz.......,..176 ' Maternity Centersin NervYork City. ...Dr. R, W. Lobenstine.,.... .. .,.179 Discussion ... .....185 RuralProblems ..... ....MissElizabeth G. Fox,..........186 Diseussion ........189 The PreschoolChflal. ......194-237 Eealth Centersfor PreschoolChilclren...Dr. Merrill E. Champion.........194 The PublicIIeaIth Nurse.. ......Dr. C,-8.A.'Winslow. ....199 Discussion ,.......205 French Experience . .. .Dr. Clothilde Mulon.. ... .211 Day Nursery Standards. .Dr. S. JosephineBaker........,.219 Discussion ,,.,...,225 DentalClinics ..... .....MajorLewisTerman .....234 Discussion ........237 Tbe SchoolCbilil.. .238-268 Nutrition Clinics . ......Dr. William R. P. Emerson.......238 Discussion .....,..244 Health Examinations anrl the School Nurse . Dr. Thomas D. Woocl. , ,248 The Nutrition of Acloleseence.., . ... .Dr. GrahamLusk... ......256 Chart. Comparative Estimates of PhysiologicalNeetls for Footl.. ..,.Faces page 261 The Neerlfor Sex Xdueation. .RobertD. Leigh, .... ....262 Provided by the Maternal and Child Health Library, Georgetown University CONTENTS PAGX European Experience British Orgaulzation, .....S1r Arthur Newsh0Ime...........269 BelgianOrganization. ....Dr. Ren6Sancl,. .........289 A PhysioalOlassiffcatiou of Chiltlren.....Professor Fabio Frassetto.......292 PlateI.. ......... .299 Plate I[.. .........300 Plate II[. Plate fV. .........302 The International Red Cross anct Chi]d Welfare ......Livingston Farrancl. .....303 TV . SECTION CIIII,DEEN IN NEED OF SPECLII, CABE. ......305-407 The Furctior of the State. .......307-338 Tho Besponsibilityof the State. .Robert W. Kelso.. .......307 State Bupervision of Agencies anil Institutions ...C. V.'Williams.. .........31.3 Discussior .,,..,..318 ChilclWelfare Work in Japan. ...Takayuki Namaye. .,....321 Cale of DepentLent Children. .... .339-367 Tho Conclusions of the White Eouse Con- ference-Ten Years After. ..Dr. HastingsE. Hart...,.......339 Discussion ...,....3i1{ What Constitutes Sufrcient Grounds for the Removal of a Chiltl from llis Ilome.. ......Jud.geVictorP.Arnolil.........,34i Discussion ,......,350 Stanclards of Chiltl Placing ancl Supervi- 8ior.. EtlmontlJ.Butler. ......353 Discussion ....... ........360 Chiltl CaringWork in Rural Communities.MissI[. Itla Curry. .,....363 Care of Juvenlle Delinqueuts. ....368-390 Stanclartls of Organization in Chilclren's Courts.. .....JuclgeJames lloge Ricks.....,..368 Discussioa ...... .373 Stanclarilsof Probation Work,. Dr. Louis N, Robinson... .. ....376 Discussion . .... .. .379 Meclicopsychological Stutly_ of Delin- quents .. Dr, Itrilliam llealy ancl Augusta tr'.Bronner . ....389 Discussion .... ....388 Provided by the Maternal and Child Health Library, Georgetown University 6 CONTENTS PAOE Oare of Mentelly Ean<licappetl Ohililren. .391-407 The Place of Mental Eygiene in the Chiltl WelfareMovement. .,Dr. C. MacffeCampbell..........391 A State Program for the Care of the Men- tally Defeetive,..... .Dr, Walter E. Fernaltl,...... .. .399 Discussion ..,.....406 SECTIONV STANDABDIZATION OT CEII,D WEI,TABE I.AWS. .....409.427 GeneralStatement.. ......Rev. WilliamJ. Kerby......,.,.411 The Need for Stanilarclization. ...Juilge Franklin ChaseHoyt.....413 TheMethod ofProcedure. .......C. C. Carstens. ..........416 The Minnesota Chiltl'Welfare Commission ...W.W. Iloclson,. .........420 Discussion ,,... ,..427 SECTIONYI STANDARDS .., ....429-411 Comrhittees ....431 Minimum Stantlarclsfor Chilclren Entering Employmeut. .. ..'133 Minimum Standards for the Public Protection of the Health of Chiklrenand Mothers. ....436 lUinimum Standa.rclsfor the Protection of Chilclren in Neeclof Special Care..440 TNDEX. ...... ...445 Provided by the Maternal and Child Health Library, Georgetown University LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL U. S. DEPARTMENTOF LABOR, CHU-pnpN'sBunsau, Washlngton,D. C., Jqne 15, 19|9. Sir: Herewith are submitted the proceedings of a conference on Child Welfare Standards recently held under the auspices of the Children'e Bureau as the conclusion of its Children's Year program. Children's Year, as the second year of the war was called in this connection, grew out of the studies made by the Children's Bureau of child welfare abroad under war conditions. It was seen that, under circumstanceg of such difficulty as we happily can not conceive, the civil- ian population of Europe were achieving new laws for the protection of childhood, new ideals for the future development of the race. It wag felt that the second year of the war in the United States ought to show a popular sense of responsibility for child welfare in some degree com- mensurate with our opportunities. Hence a program was stated briefly in the Fifth Annual Report of the Children's Bureau, which was adopted by the.Women's Committee of the Council of National De- fense and, for the purpoEe of carrying it forward, an organization of the great bodies of women associated under that committee was effected by a specially created Child Welfare Department, of which Dr. Jessica B. Peixotto was the secretary. When the President wrote a letter approving Children's Year, hc concluded with the following statement: "I trust that the work may so guccessfully develop as to set up certain irreducible minimum standards for the health, education, and work of the American child." So that this conference wa8 a natural part of Children's Year, and by means of a special allotment from the President's fund, and with your approval, it was held. lt was felt that the presence at the conference of guests who were engaged in the practical protection of children under war conditions in the allied countries would be an in. valuable stimulug to this country. 7 Provided by the Maternal and Child Health Library, Georgetown University E LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL The following guests from abroad attended the conferencc at your invitation: Sir Arthur Newsholme, late Principal Medical O6cer of the Local Government Bdard, England. Mrs. Eleanor Barton, of the'Women's Cooperative Guild, England, an organization of the wives of British wage earners. Mr. Ronald C. Davison, Director of the Juvenile Labour Exchanges of England. Sir Cyril Jachson, Boatd of Educati'on, England. Dr. Clothilde Mulon, War Department' France, who has done special work in the supervision of industrial creches during the war. Dr. Ren6 Sand, Professor of Social and Industrial Medicine at the University of Brussels, and Adviser on Medical Inspection of the Min' istry of Labor. Mies L. E. Carter, Principal of High School C, Brussels.

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