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Implementarea Rețelelor Ad-Hoc Pe Platforme Android

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Implementarea Rețelelor Ad-Hoc Pe Platforme Android UNIVERSITATEA “TRANSILVANIA” DIN BRAŞOV DEPARTAMENTUL DE ELECTRONICĂ ŞI CALCULATOARE Programul de studii: Tehnologii şi sisteme de telecomunicaţii Implementarea rețelelor Ad-Hoc pe platforme Android Absolvent: TERZA Balázs-László Indrumător: Şef lucrări dr.ing. SIMON Csaba BRAŞOV 2015 Universitatea Transilvania din Braşov Tehnologii şi Sisteme de Telecomunicaţii Facultatea de Inginerie Electrică şi Ştiinţa Calculatoarelor 2015 Universitatea Transilvania din Braşov Lucrare de diplomă nr. .......... Facultatea Inginerie Electrică şi Ştiinţa Calculatoarelor Departamentul Viza facultăţii Electronică şi Calculatoare Programul de studii Anul universitar Tehnologii şi sisteme de telecomunicaţii 2014 - 2015 Candidat Promoţia TERZA Balázs-László 2015 Cadrul didactic îndrumător Ș.l. dr. ing. SIMON Csaba LUCRARE DE DIPLOMĂ Titlul lucrării: Implementarea reţelelor Ad-Hoc pe platforme Android Problemele principale tratate: 1. Prezentarea generală a sistemului de operare Android 2. Prezentarea modului de comunicatii ad hoc 3. Proiectarea şi dezvoltarea aplicaţiei pentru sistemul Android 4. Testarea şi masurarea parametrilor QoS pe reteaua configurata de absolvent Locul şi durata practicii: Laboratoarele de electronică (112-113) al Universităţii Sapientia, Mai 2014 - Iunie 2015 Bibliografie: 1. Reto Meier: Professional Android 4 Application Development, Wrox, 2012 2. A. Tanenbaum, D.J. Wetherall: Számítógép hálózatok, Panem, 2012 Aspecte particulare: Primit tema la data de: 15.05.2014 Data predării lucrării: 30.06.2015 Director departament, Cadru didactic îndrumător, Prof. univ. dr. ing. Mihai ROMANCA Ș.l.dr.ing. SIMON Csaba Candidat, TERZA Balázs-László 2 Universitatea Transilvania din Braşov Tehnologii şi Sisteme de Telecomunicaţii Facultatea de Inginerie Electrică şi Ştiinţa Calculatoarelor 2015 LUCRARE DE DIPLOMĂ – VIZE Data Capitole/ problemele analizate Semnătura cadrului vizei didactic îndrumător 30.05.2014 Discuţie generală despre tema aleasă 30.09.2014 Analizarea sistemelor similare 25.10.2014 Proiectarea sistemului 30.03.2015 Implementarea algoritmilor de comunicaţie 30.05.2015 Pornirea şi diagnostizarea sistemului Recenzarea lucrării scrise, verificarea capitolelor, 25.06.2015 a bibliografiei APRECIEREA ŞI AVIZUL CADRULUI DIDACTIC ÎNDRUMĂTOR Confirm efectuarea celor 60 de ore de practica pentru realizarea lucrarii de diploma si sunt de acord cu sustinerea lucrarii. Nota acordata de indrumator: ............ Data: ADMIS CADRU DIDACTIC ÎNDRUMĂTOR Ș.l.dr.ing. SIMON Csaba AVIZUL DIRECTORULUI DE DEPARTAMENT Data: ADMIS pentru DIRECTOR DEPARTAMENT susţinere/ RESPINS Prof. univ. dr. ing. Mihai ROMANCA SUSŢINEREA LUCRĂRII DE DIPLOMĂ Sesiunea PROMOVAT cu media: Rezultatul susţinerii RESPINS cu refacerea lucrării RESPINS fără refacerea lucrării Preşedinte COMISIE 3 Universitatea Transilvania din Braşov Tehnologii şi Sisteme de Telecomunicaţii Facultatea de Inginerie Electrică şi Ştiinţa Calculatoarelor 2015 UNIVERSITATEA TRANSILVANIA DIN BRAŞOV FACULTATEA INGINERIE ELECTRICĂ ŞI ŞTIINŢA CALCULATOARELOR PROGRAMUL DE STUDII: TEHNOLOGII ŞI SISTEME DE TELECOMUNICAŢII NUMELE ŞI PRENUMELE: TERZA Balázs-László PROMOŢIA: 2015 SESIUNEA DE DIPLOMĂ IULIE 2015 DENUMIREA LUCRĂRII:Implementarea rețelelor Ad-Hoc pe platforme Android CADRUL DIDACTIC ÎNDRUMĂTOR Coordonator științific: Ș.l.dr.ing. SIMON Csaba Declarăm pe proprie răspundere că lucrarea de faţă este rezultatul muncii absolventului, pe baza cercetăriilor proprii şi pe baza informaţiilor obţinute din surse care au fost citate şi indicate conform normelor etice, în textul lucrării, în note şi bibliografie. Declarăm că nu s-au folosit în mod tacit sau ilegal munca altora şi că nicio parte din teză/proiect nu încalcă drepturile de proprietate intelectuală ale altcuiva, persoană fizică sau juridică. Declarăm că lucrarea nu a mai fost prezentată sub această formă vreunei instituţii de învăţământ superior în vederea obţinerii unui grad sau titlu ştiinţific ori didactic. În cazul constatării ulterioare a unor declaraţii false, vom suporta rigorile legii. Data: 06.07.2015 Absolvent TERZA Balázs-László Cadru didactic îndrumător Ș.l.dr.ing.SIMON Csaba 4 Universitatea Transilvania din Braşov Tehnologii şi Sisteme de Telecomunicaţii Facultatea de Inginerie Electrică şi Ştiinţa Calculatoarelor 2015 Extras Introducere În zilele noastre, datorită dezvoltării rapide a tehnologieitelefoanele mobile uzuale au procesor multi-core și dispun de mulțisenzori. Aceste dispozitive mobile sunt numite generic „smartphone” sau telefoane inteligente șide obicei oferă funcții avansate cum ar fi e-mail-ul, internetul, touch screen-ul cu rezoluție înaltă, WiFi-ul, browser-ul Web și pe care ruleazăun sistem de operare avansat Android, Symbian, iOS, BlackBerry OS sau Windows Mobile. Cea mai mare răspindire dintre acestea o are sistemul Android, care folosește un kernel Linux. Utilizatorii acestor smartphone-uri de obicei folosesc interfețele radio UMTS/LTE și WiFi pentru transferul datelor. Având în vedere natura acestor dispozitive, sunt ideale pentru a modela noduri de rețele distribuite fără fir. Pentru acest lucru acestea trebuie sa comunice direct între ele, lucru realizabil prin interfețe WiFi configurate în modul ad hoc. În cazul WiFi sistemul Android oferă doar modul de comunicare infraștructura, care necesita existența unui Punct de Acces (Acces Point - AP), deși standardul WiFi definește și modul ad hoc. Totuși, unele modele de smartphone-uri pot fi reconfigurate, activând capabilități ascunse, pentru a suporta modul de comunicații ad hoc. Prezența lucrare propune implementarea unei rețele WiFi ad hoc între smartphone-uri Android și caracterizarea acesteia prin măsurarea parametrilor de calitate (Quality of Service - QoS). Tema lucrării Scopul lucrării este realizarea unui nod de rețea de comunicare distribuita, folosind dispozitive Android. În rețeaua distribuită fiecare dispozitiv organizează independent comunicarea, nu are element central. Standardele WiFi au soluții dedicate pentru creare conexiuni distribuite: în mod ad hoc dispozitivele au conexiune directa, ca atare pot servi ca noduri în rețeaua propusa. Având în vedere limitările impuse de sistemul Android (lipsa de suport oficial pentru WiFi în modul ad hoc), prima sarcina a mea a fost alegerea unui dispozitiv prin căruia se poate crea conexiune WiFi în mod ad hoc, configurarea dispozitivului, realizarea comunicației peste conexiunile ad hoc. Apoi a trebuit sa dezvolt un modul software care a realizat expedierea pachetelor la nivelul stratului IP (stratul de rețea ISO-OSI), confering funcționalitatea de rutare nodului respectiv. În final am testat rețeaua 5 Universitatea Transilvania din Braşov Tehnologii şi Sisteme de Telecomunicaţii Facultatea de Inginerie Electrică şi Ştiinţa Calculatoarelor 2015 distribuită, măsurând parametrii de calitate (QoS). Pentru a putea evalua sistemul, am măsurat aceeași parametri și în cazul conexiunii WiFi în modul infraștructură. Cerințele proiectului Sistemul trebuie să îndeplinească următoarele cerințe: Alegerea unui dispozitiv, care prevede posibilitatea de a stabili conexiune WiFi ad hoc Configurarea corectă a dispozitivului selectat Dezvoltarea unui modul software care a realizat expedierea pachetelor la nivelul stratului IP Testarea performanței rețelei ad-hoc Documentarea pașilor făcuti Selectarea si configurarea dispozitivului Cerința necesară pentru implementarea sistemului este ca smartphone-ul selectat să conțină cip WiFi, care poate suporta modul ad hoc, și sa existe o varianta de sistem de operare care permite configurarea modului ad-hoc. Pe baza literaturii cercetate am ales smartphone-ul Samsung Nexus S, un dispozitiv dezvoltat de producător în cooperare cu compania Google, dezvoltatorul sistemului Android. Deși în dispozitivul ales, modul ad-hoc nu era susținută de nici o versiune oficială a sistemului de operare, am instalat și configurat componentele software (inclusiv versiunea modificata a sistemului de operare) în asa fel, încât am reușit sa expediez pachete IP în mod ad hoc (direct intre smartphone-uri). Sistemul de operare ales a fost versiunea 11 a distribuției Cyanogenmod, o distribuție renumita pentru bogăția funcțiilor ne-oficiale oferite, tradusă la data de 08. iulie. 2014, fiind o versiune nouă și conținea pachetele necesare. Activarea și controlul modului de comunicare ad hoc am realizat prin schimbarea programului de administrare WiFi a telefonului, care este aplicat de programul open source wpa_supplicant. Distribuția amintita mai sus a fost astfel aleasa, încât a conținut și acest modul software.Am efectuat acești pași pe patru smartphonuri Android, după care configurarea rețelei propriu zisă coincis cu configurarea elementelor unei rețele IP, cu excepția setarea routării, aceasta funcție fiind realizată de modulul software dezvoltată de mine, după cum voi prezenta în capitolul următor.. 6 Universitatea Transilvania din Braşov Tehnologii şi Sisteme de Telecomunicaţii Facultatea de Inginerie Electrică şi Ştiinţa Calculatoarelor 2015 Aplicația Android După setarea și configurarea rețelei de test, am avut sarcina de a dezvoltă un modul software care a realizat expedierea pachetelor la nivelul stratului IP. Modulul implementat se poate explica prin diagrama de stare prezentata în Fig. 1. Threadul 1 realizează descoperirea vecinilor, acest proces fiind repetat la fiecare 60 de secunde. Threadul 2 de fapt este o bucla infinita, rolul lui fiind recepționarea mesajelor și procesarea informațiilor. Am definit doua tipuri de mesaje. Mesajul „test” care trebuie expediat la destinație. În cazul
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