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Zolfaghari-Tahvil%20Daneshgah Determination of some hematologic effect the Persian Gulf blackfin stonefish, (Pseudosynanceia melanostigma), venom on albino mice blood Item Type thesis Authors Zolfaghari, Mohammad Publisher Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Marine Biology Download date 07/10/2021 10:40:37 Link to Item http://hdl.handle.net/1834/36477 معاونت پژوهش و فن آوري به نام خدا منشور اخﻻق پژوهش با ياري از خداوند سبحان و اعتقاد به اين كه عالم محضر خداست و همواره ناظر بر اعمال انسان و به منظور پاس داشت مقام بلند دانش و پژوهش و نظر به اهميت جايگاه دانشگاه در اعتﻻي فرهنگ و تمدن بشري، ما دانشجويان و اعضاء هيات علمي واحدهاي دانشگاه آزاد اسﻻمي متعهد ميگرديم اصول زير را در انجام فعاليت هاي پژوهشي مد نظر قرار داده و از آن تخطي نكنيم: 1- اصل حقيقت جويي: تﻻش در راستاي پي جويي حقيقت و وفاداري به آن و دوري از هرگونه پنهان سازي حقيقت. 2- اصل رعايت حقوق: التزام به رعايت كامل حقوق پژوهشگران و پژوهيدگان )انسان، حيوان و نبات( و ساير صاحبان حق 3- اصل مالكيت مادي و معنوي: تعهد به رعايت كامل حقوق مادي و معنوي دانشگاه و كليه همكاران پژوهش 4- اصل منافع ملي: تعهد به رعايت مصالح ملي و در نظر داشتن پيشبرد و توسعه كشور در كليه مراحل پژوهش 5- اصل رعايت انصاف و امانت: تعهد به اجتناب از هرگونه جانب داري غير علمي و حفاظت از اموال، تجهيزات و منابع در اختيار 6- اصل رازداري: تعهد به صيانت از اسرار و اطﻻعات محرمانه افراد، سازمانها و كشور و كليه افراد و نهادهاي مرتبط با تحقيق 7- اصل احترام: تعهد به رعايت حريمها و حرمتها در انجام تحقيقات و رعايت جانب نقد و خودداري از هرگونه حرمت شكني 8- اصل ترويج : تعهد به رواج دانش و اشاعه نتايج تحقيقات و انتقال آن به همكاران علمي و دانشجويان به غير از مواردي كه منع قانوني دارد. 9- اصل برائت: التزام به برائت جويي از هرگونه رفتار غيرحرفهاي و اعﻻم موضع نسبت به كساني كه حوزه علم و پژوهش را به شائبههاي غيرعلمي ميآﻻيند. أ دانشگاه آزاد اسﻻمي واحد علوم و تحقيقات تعهد نامه اصالت رساله يا پايان نامه اينجانب محمد ذوالفقاري دانش آموخته مقطع كارشناسي ارشد ناپيوسته در رشته زيست شناسي دريا كه LD50 " در تاريخ 42/11/1931 از پايان نامه خود تحت عنوان استخراج و تعيين زهر ماهي فرياله خال سياه خليج فارس و بررسي عﻻئم هماتولوژيكي ايجاد شده توسط زهر در موش آزمايشگاهي" با كسب نمره 1/11 و درجه ....................... دفاع نموده ام بدينوسيله متعهدمي شوم: 1( اين پايان نامه / رساله حاصل تحقيق وپژوهش انجام شده توسط اينجانب بوده ودر موواردي كوه از دستاوردهاي علمي وپژوهشي ديگران )اعم از پايان ناموه، كتواب، مقالوه و......( اسوتفاده نمووده ام، مطابق ضوابط ورويه موجود ، نام منبع مورد استفاده وساير مشخصات آن را در فهرست مربوط ذكر و درج كرده ام. 4( اين پايان نامه / رساله قبﻻ براي دريافت هيچ مدرک تحصيلي )هم سطح، پايين تر يا باﻻتر( درساير دانشگاه ها وموسسات آموزش عالي ارائه نشده است. 9( چنانچه بعد از فراغت تحصيل قصد استفاده وهرگونه بهره برداري اعم از چاپ كتاب ، ثبت اختراع و ....ازاين پايان نامه داشته باشم، از حوزه معاونت پژوهشي واحد مجوزهاي مربوطه را اخذ نمايم. 2( چنانچه در هر مقطع زماني برخﻻف موارد فوق ثابت شود ، عواقوب ناشوي ازآن را موي پوذيريم و واحد دانشگاهي مجاز است با اينجانب مطابق ضوابط ومقررات رفتوار نمووده ودر صوورت ابطوال مدرک تحصيلي ام هيچگونه ادعايي نخواهم داشت. نام ونام خانوادگي : محمد ذوالفقاري تاريخ و امضاء: ب دانشگاه آزاد اسﻻمي واحد علوم و تحقيقات )تهران( دانشکده علوم پایه-گروه زیست شناسي پایان نامه برای دریافت درجه کارشناسي ارشد گرایش جانوران دریا عنوان: استخراج و تعيين LD50 زهر ماهي فریاله خال سياه خليج فارس و بررسي عﻻئم هماتولوژیکي ایجاد شده توسط زهر در موش آزمایشگاهي اساتيد راهنما دکتر شهﻻ جميلي دکتر حسين ذوالفقاریان نگارش محمد ذوالفقاری پائيز 59 ت تقدير و تشكر بود اول آن خجسته پرگار نام ملكي كه نيستش يار سپاس و ستايش تو راست اي خالق بي همتا كه همواره الطاف بي كرانت روشنگر راهم بوده و نيروي ﻻيزال تو گشاينده مشكﻻت. امروز هر چه دارم از مهربانيها و بخشندگيهاي توست. افسوس كه زبان قاصر از حمد توست، زيرا كه تو بي نهايتي و من ذرهاي از كران بي كران تو. با تشكر از حمايت هاي اساتيد راهنماي ارجمند جناب آقاي دكتر حسين ذوالفقاريان و سركارخانم دكتر شهﻻ جميلي به خاطر راهنمائي ها و پشتيباني هميشگي شان در طي اين تحقيق و كمک هاي ايشان در جهت پيشرفت توانائيهايم. و با سپاس ويژه از آقايان مهندس هدايت، شهبازي، ربيعي و خيراله پور كه در جهت پيشرفت اين تحقيق از هيچ كمک و راهنمائي دريغ نكرده و صبورانه تجارب علمي ارزشمندشان را در اختيارم گذاشتند. از اعضاي محترم هيئت علمي گروه زيست شناسي دانشگاه آزاد اسﻻمي واحد علوم و تحقيقات و نيز هيئت علمي مؤسسه تحقيقات واكسن و سرم سازي رازي كرج، رياست و كارمندان محترم بخش سروتراپي و جانوران سمي بويژه مهندس ربيعي و هدايت سپاسگزارم. موفقيت امروز من بدون حمايت هاي اساتيد بزرگوار در طي ساليان تحصيلم امكان پذير نبود، از ايشان و از تمامي دوستانم به خاطر تمام اوقاتي كه با هم داشتيم، صميمانه تشكر مي كنم. ث تقديم به دستان مهربان مرحومه مادر عزيزم كه موفقيت و ارتقاي علمي فرزندانش منتهاي آرزويش بود، به پاس آسايشي كه در جهت آسايش ايشان از خود دريغ كرد. تقديم به روح پدر مرحوم و عزيزم كه استواري را از او آموختم. راهنمايي او همواره روشن گر مسير زندگيم بود و موفقيت امروز من بدون حمايت هايش ممكن نبود. تقديم به روح پرفتوح همسر مهربانم كه در نقاط محروم و دور دست هميشه يار و ياورم بود. ج فهرست مطالب چكيده .................................................................................................................................................. 1 فصل اول: كليات ................................................................................................................................ 4 1- مقدمه ............................................................................................................................................. 9 1-1 ماهيان زهري ................................................................................................................................ 6 1-4 ماهيان زهري با سموم برون ريز ................................................................................................. 6 1-9 ماهيان زهري .............................................................................................................................. 1 1-2 خليج فارس و استان بوشهر ......................................................................................................... 8 1-1 آبزيان خليج فارس ...................................................................................................................... 14 1-6 نحوه ي عملكرد سموم ................................................................................................................ 14 1-1 گروه سنگ ماهيان )فرياله ها( ...................................................................................................... 16 1-8 جايگاه فرياله خال سياه خليج فارس در سلسله جانوري و پراكنش جهاني آن .......................... 13 1-3 مورفولوژي فرياله ي خال سياه و مسموميت با زهر آن ............................................................... 42 1-12 اهداف پژوهش ........................................................................................................................ 44 1-11 اهدافي كه پس از اتمام پژوهش دنبال خواهند شد ................................................................... 44 فصل دوم: مروري بر ادبيات و پيشينه تحقيق ................................................................................... 49 فصل سوم: مواد و روشها ................................................................................................................ 99 9-1 روش هاي آزمايشگاهي ............................................................................................................... 92 9-1-1 تخليص ................................................................................................................................... 92 9-1-4 دياليز ....................................................................................................................................... 91 9-1-9 سانتريفوژ ................................................................................................................................ 96 9-1-2 اسپكتروفتومتري ...................................................................................................................... 98 ح 9-1-1 پروتئين سنجي ...................................................................................................................... 22 9-1-6 الكتروفورز ............................................................................................................................ 21 9-1-1 مواد تسهيل كننده حﻻليت پروتئينها در الكتروفورز ............................................................ 22 9-1-8 سديم دودسيل سولفات پلي اكريل آميد ژل الكتروفورز )SDS-PAGE( ............................. 22 9-1-3 ساختمان ژل پلي اكريل آميد ................................................................................................ 26 9-1-12 انواع ژل هاي استفاده شده در الكتروفورز .......................................................................... 28 9-1-11 تكنيک هاي رنگ آميزي ژل ............................................................................................... 23 9-1-14 روش سنجش لخته ............................................................................................................ 14 9-1-19 آزمايش هاي سيستم انعقادي ............................................................................................. 14 PT 9-1-19-1 زمان پروترومبين ) ( .................................................................................................. 14 9-1-19-4 زمان نسبي ترومبوپﻻستين فعال شده )aPTT( .............................................................. 19 9-1-12 هماتوكريت ........................................................................................................................ 19 9-1-11 سلول هاي قرمز خون ........................................................................................................ 12 9-1-16 سلول هاي سفيد خون ....................................................................................................... 12 9-1-11 هموگلوبين ........................................................................................................................
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