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DO@N: JA: <NN<B@ Dancing in a Circle 1950s. Beginning in the 1960s, plant employment began to decline in the face of Every year in late November !e Bachelors’ Cotillion is the cheap foreign steel and a shift in the industry towards oxygen furnaces and scrap there’s a débutante ball held in apotheosis of this. On the night recycling, further mechanizing the production process. In 2001, Bethehem Steel !led for bankruptcy. "e Sparrow’s Point mill is currently in the process of being downtown Baltimore. It’s called of her coming out, the parents demolished. the Bachelors’ Cotillion, an old of each “deb” usually throw an patrician ritual of introducing elaborate dinner party for fami- 17. For a critical account of the commercial development of Baltimore’s Inner young girls into high society. ly friends. Red meat and cham- Harbor see David Harvey, “A View from Federal Hill,” in "e Baltimore Book. !e “coming-out” party is one pagne, a round of toasts. Often Temple University Press, 1991. Many of Harvey’s arguments are restated in this talk. Notably, Harvey situates the redevelopment as a part of a reaction against of the oldest of its kind in the there is an after party as well. the 1968 riots, as a means of bringing people together and convincing them that country. On this night, the Yet one of ball’s main expenses Baltimore was a city worth being part of. He also makes the point that some of daughters of the elite are pre- is #owers, costing upward of the Inner Harbor’s architecture—like the building that houses the Maryland sented to eligible old men. For several thousand: each girl re- Science Center—was designed to keep out “dangerous” blacks. the opening dance, fathers take ceives enough bouquets to %ll 18. "e same pattern was observed in Ferguson, where the New Black Panther their o"spring arm-in-arm in a a gutted horse carcass. Because Party stepped in to restore order, directing tra#c, preventing people from attack- slow trot around the perimeter every young woman needs a ing police, and telling women speci!cally to “go home” and leave the work to the of the dance #oor displaying room full of rotting hyacinths. men. their daughters to the satisfac- tion of their own kind—their People sometimes forget that 19. "is is also a cautionary note for leftists who tend to idealize the role played by “grassroots” forms of survival and a#nity in these zones. Surviving conditions rich friends, their squash bud- Baltimore is below the Ma- of extreme brutality requires brutal measures, and the type of nobility many dies—like showing prize horses son-Dixon line, and that it still leftists expect from “the oppressed” is among the !rst things sacri!ced on the altar at an auction. !e onlookers retains much of the Old South.2 of necessity. clap in adulation. !ere’s drool !e city had slave jails until 20. It was precisely this home equity explosion, via the GI bill, that !nally on many a cummerbund. !e July 24, 1863—a few months transformed former non-white groups such as Southern and Eastern European circuit is now complete—the after Lincoln issued the Eman- immigrants, into full-$edged whites. "is material inclusion was the !nal act incestuous revolution of the cipation Proclamation. Today, in a series of racial ascension protocols that had been enacted for these workers elite.1 over 150 years later, the same throughout the 20th century, beginning with the “Americanization” campaigns of structures of racism are still in the early 1900s, and always taking place in distinction to what was (more often, wasn’t) a%orded to blacks. Baltimore has an aristocracy in place, evolved, adapted, but still every sense of the term. It’s not producing fundamentally sim- 21. "is kind of strategic and improvised use of the landscape carries echoes of for nothing that a$uent whites ilar results. !ey have become other recent riots, such as the ‘09 Oscar Grant riots in Oakland where protestors call it “Smalltimore,” a place part of Baltimore’s “culture,” of took advantage of trash collection day and set !res to dumpsters and trashcans. where family names still matter, institutions like the Bachelors’ where the private school you Cotillion.3 And it’s not like this went to carries just as much cur- has been dying out. !e débu- rency as anything else. Where tante ball has seen a resurgence everyone knows everyone else. in recent years, one component in a general revival of all things to manage a rise in surplus la- depth of which only they themselves can understand—and in many cases, they aristocratic. But the nature of bor, when human bodies exceed have been articulate enough when faced with idiot reporters. !e point, then, isn’t to diagnose what the riots were really “saying” – riots don’t communicate a the aristocracy has also evolved. in absolute terms the number of “message” – nor to step in for the “inarticulate” or “unheard” youth to make their While traditionally the event jobs (productive or otherwise) message clear. Instead, the point is that people like me have been generated by had been barred to all but the that can be a"orded for them, the crisis as much as the riots themselves, and we are tied to these geographically oldest and most-established certain bodies are forcefully distant events by a certain a"nity of the era. !is is an inquiry into that a"nity families in Baltimore, it is now removed from the workforce and its consequences. open to anyone with the money altogether, either through in- 9. From 1980 to 2008 the number of people incarcerated in the US has increased to pay dues (ie, to non-WASPs). carceration, austerity, or death. fourfold, from 500,000 to nearly 2.3 million people. !is makes up 25% of the In 2015 more than ever, the In Baltimore, for the entirety world’s prison population. upper class seems to want—to of its history, a racial circuit has need—to place as many #owers existed wherein black bodies— 10. Latinos should not be ignored here either. In 2008, 58% of all US prisoners were either black or latino, despite these groups making up only about a quarter as possible between them and those who have been cast out— of the nation’s population. 1 out of every 15 black men and one 1 of every 36 all those below. secure the existence of “labor” latino men are imprisoned. For white men, this is true for only 1 in every 136 and “civil society,” which are (see here for a graphic illustration). !e rebirth of this tradition in constituted via their distinction the years following the recession from the unfree, whether slave, 11. !is is the case for 1 in 6 for latino men and 1 in 17 for white men. speaks to how crisis is managed “underclass” or criminal. All 12. !ings look bleak as well for women, as the number of those incarcerated in Baltimore today. Economi- the while the aristocracy keeps has risen 800 percent in the last three decades. Unsurprisingly this has occurred cally the city is still “recovering,” on dancing, trying to forget unevenly across racial lines: black women are three times more likely to be locked as they say: its unemployment that its halls, its homes, its di- up than white women. rate, at 8.4%, remains higher amond rings were all forged in 13. Today, Roland Park remains one of Baltimore’s most exclusive neighborhoods than it’s been since the 1990s. the #ames of its own lower hells. at just below 80% white (compared to the citywide rate of 31%) and as of 2011 !e resurrection of slave-era having a median household income of around $118,000 (compared the Balti- institutions and attendant cul- more City’s overall level of $38,700 at that time). tural signi%ers provides a means 14. !e center is home to another historical milestone: established in 1811, the of dealing with this—by creat- Maryland Metropolitan Transition Center (formerly the “Maryland Penitentiary”) ing bu"er zones between the was the #rst state-sponsored prison in Maryland and the second of its kind in the wealthy and a “dangerous” pop- country. ulation whose very existence exceeds the needs of the econo- 15. BCDC is also a constant reminder to the city’s homeless, with Our Daily Bread located in a building just behind the jail—donated by Orioles owner Peter my. !is division always occurs Angelos. along lines of race—in fact con- stantly creating and re-creating 16. Under the ownership of Bethlehem Steel, the Sparrow’s Point steel mill once race as we think of it. In order produced over 8 million tons of steel and employed over 30,000 by the end of the Endnotes Off to the Races 1. In strange counterpoint to the highborn Bachelors Cotillion, Hartford Coun- Recent riots in Baltimore over ty Boh beer. White Baltimore ty’s Black Youth in Action group has their own débutante ball for young girls of the death of Freddie Gray have ascends toward its ideal form. color. been the largest there since Down in the %elds a horse trips 2. !e "rst fatalities of the civil war happened on Pratt Street in April 1861 those following the assassina- and falls, snapping its leg and during a clash between anti-War Democrats and Confederate sympathizers. After tion of Martin Luther King in pitching the jockey o" into the the riot, in order to forestall a Maryland secession, Lincoln declared marital law 1968.

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