DISTRICT CENSUS HANDBOOK 1951 ALIGARH DISTRICT I' ' ~~------- I II f j' CenS\lS of India, 1951 ~ .DISTRICT -- HANDBOOK U'ITAR P RADESH 6-ALIGARH DISTRICT •• ALLAHABAD: .. SUPERINTENDENT. PRINTING l\.ND STATIONERY, UTTAR PRA DESH, INDIA ~. S'-1L._ ,_ H 1954 95., FOREWORD Several States, including Uttar Pradesh, have been publishing village statistfcl by districts at each census. In 1941 they were published in U. P. under the titk,''-Oistrict Census Statistics"with a separate volume for each district. In the 1951 census, when the tabulation has been more elaborate than ever in view ofthe requirements of the country, the district-wise volume has been expanded into a "District Census Handbook", which now contains the District Census Tables (furnishing data with break-up for census tracts within the district), the District Index of Non-agricultural Occupations, agricul. tural statistics from 1901-02 to 1950-51 and other miscellaneous statistics in addition to the usual village population statistics. The village population statistics also are given in an elaborate form giving the division of the population among eight livelihood classes and other details. 2. It may be added here that a separate set of district-wise volumes giving only population figures of rural areas by villages and of urban areas by wards and mohallas and entitled "District Population Statistics", has already been published. This separate series was necessitated by the urgent requirements of the U. P. Government for elections to local bodies. The printing of the District Census Handbooks involves colossal work and is bound to take some time. R.AJESHW ARI PRASAD, I.A.S., RAMPUR: Superintendent, Census Operations, June 30. 1954. Uttar Pradesh. CONTENTS Page. INTRODUOTION­ A- The District i-ii B- Ana.lysis of the Statistics C- Explanatory notes on the Statistics PART I-DISTRICT CENSUS TABLES A-GENERAL POPULATION TABLES- A-I Area, Houses and Population 3 A-II Variation in Population during Fifty Years 3 A-III Towns and Villages Classified by Population 4-5 A-IV Towns Classified by Population with Variation since 1901 6-8 A-V Towns arranged Territorially with Population by Livelihood Classes 9 E Area and Population of District and Tehsils by Livelihood Classes 10-13 B- )i!CONOMIC TABLES- Is- I Uivelihood Classes and Sub-classes 14-17 B-ll Secondary Means of Livelihood 18-33 b-HI Employers, Employees and Independent Workers in Industries and' Services by Divi- sions and Sub-divisions 34-66 B-IV Unemployment by Livelihood Classes 67-68 Index of Non-agricultural Occupations 69-73 C -HOUSEHOLD AND AGE (SAMpLE) TABIJES- C-I Household (Size and Composition) 74-75 C-II Livelihood Classes by Age-groups 76-83 C-lII Age and Civil Condition 84-87 C-IV Age and Literacy 88-91 C-V Single Year Age Returns 92-99 D-SOCIAL AND CULTURAL TABLES- D-I Languages (i) Mother Tongue 100-101 (ii) Bilingualism 102-105 D-ll Religion 106-107 D.IIl Scheduled Castes 106-107 D-IV Migrants 108-113 D-V (i) Displaced P"rsons by Year of Arrival in India 114-115 (ii) Displaced Persons by Livelihood Classes 116-117 D-VI Non-Indian Nationals 116-117 D· VII Livelihood ClasseA by Educational Standards 118-125 PART II-VILLA.GE, TOWN, PARGANA AND THANA STA'l'ISTIOS Primary Census Abstract 128-193 Pargana and Thana-wise Population 194-195 PAHT Ill-MISCELLAN.EOUS STATISTICS Vita.l Sta.tistics 198-201 2 Agricultura.l Statist'ics-(i) Rainfall 202-203 (ii) Area as cla.ssified with details of area under cultivation 204-207 (iii) Crop_ped area. 208-223 (iv) Irrigated area 224-227 :1 Live Stock, Agricultural M·~cltinery and Implements 228-231 4- List of Primary Schools 232-235 INTRODUCTJON A-THE DISTRICT 1. The district of AIigarh lies in the upper Doab of the Ganga and Yamuna. It is bounded by these two rivers for short dist!Ulces only, the former separating the district from Budaun for a few miles in the extreme north-east, just as it, takes its great bed to the east, while the latter oonstituteE the dividing line for a similar distance in the north-west between Aligarh and the Gurgaon district of the Punjab. To the north the houndary is ;l)U~oly conventional and is formed by the Anupshahr ap.d Khurja tehsils of Bulandshahr dlstnct. On the west and south-west the district, marches with the Mat and Sadabad tehsils of Mathura ; while ~o the south -east and east lie the J aiesar, Etah and Kasganj tehsils of the Etah district. The district has a tQtal area of 1,940 square miles. Its population in 1951 was 1~· Hlakhs. It has 6 tehsils, 14 parganas and 18 thanas. 2. Viewed as a whole, the district is a plain of remarkable fertility, sloping ge~tly Topography from the north to SQuti! or south-east. The level surface is varied by several depressIOns fonned by the river valleys and natural drainage lines, while the elevations consist mere~y of slight ridges of sand which initially appear to have been due to fluvial action, t,houg~ III their present state the conformation of the ground results in large meawre from the actIOn of the strong westerly winds. The conformation of the ground is vcry similar to that of the Doab as a whole. From the low Madar or valley of the Ganga the level rises sharply to the _ high sandy uplands which crown the old flood bank of the river and then descends inland gradually to a depression drained by the Nim and Chhoiya beyond which it rises again to the bank of Kali nali. The latter cuts off the Atrauli tehsil from the rest of the district and this sub-division IIlay be fairly considered as a miniature example of the entire Doab. A cross section of the rest of the district presents much the same feature. Along the right bank of Ka,li naii is another sandy belt, rising from the low and narrow kharlar of that stream ; and t.his is followed by a. fmiile belt of loam soil whiah sinks gradually into the broad central depression. The latter traverses the entire district in a south-easterly direction roughly parallel to the course of the Ganga. Entering the north of the Aligarh tehsil it passes through that sub-division into Sikandra Rao occupying practically all but. the south-western corner of tehsil and eventually passing into Etah. This tract is characterIzed by a clay soil, imperfect natural drainage, and numerous jhils in which the surface water collects. :vithout finding an adequate outlet. In consequenee of the resultant saturat~on the fertlhty of the country iE> marked by frequent stretches of barren usar and the exudatIOn of salts in the form of reh. Beyond this depression the surface rises once more into a level plain of lighter but richer soil, assuming a sandy charact.er in the west of the district. In the north-west the general characteristics of the Doab are maintained. The south-west of the dist.rict presents somewhat remarkable features. It is light soiled and distinotly sandy traot of a very homogeneous type. The general slope of the district is extremely regular. 3. The soils of the district are much the same in composition and a.ppearEtnce as those Solis of the Doa,h as a whole. By far the most common soil is loam, and to this se, vera] names are applied according to the proportion of sand present. The good aonsistent loam known at'! matiar preponderates in every tehsil and occupies about 57 per cent. of the total area. Pilia, so called from its yellow colour, being a light sandy soil takes up about 18 per oent., a much higher proportion being found in Khair and Iglas than elsewhere. Heavy clay or chiknot is found in depressions, partioularly in the broad belt of lou'land which runs through the district from north-west to south-east. It covers more than 4 per cent. of the whole area and quit,e a large share in this amount lies in Sikandra Rao tehsil. Bhur, varying in quality from a sandy loaIIl to pure sand, comprises 4 per cent. of the whole area and is most common in Iglas, Khair and AtrauJi. This name is also given to the hard gritty soil found near ravines. The Madar soils are confined to the Atrauli and Khair tehsils, though a certain amount lies in Aligarh and Sikandra Rao along the course of Kali nadi. 4. The figures of the classification of area during the last fifty years are given in Table Clafosifieation of 2 of Part III of this Volume. The proportion of area under the various categories works out area as follows for 1950-51 : Actual figUl'eS (in a.ores) Peroonta.ge Cultivated area 977,441 78· 3 Culturable waste (excluding current faI1ow) 64.397 5·2 : Current fallow •• 26,821 2· I Forest 588 Area not available for cultivation of which- •. (79,537 14·4 (a) Covered with water 25,517 2· 1 (b) Under sites, roods and buildings 41,346 3'3 Cc) Barren 112.614 9,0 The figure in the above table regarding culturable waste taken from the Season and Crop Report is, however, misleading. The Statc Agriculture Department conducted in 1949-50, a detailed enquiry through the District Officers regarding the nature of this area in each district. The following analysis of the area resulted from this enq~ry Area (in Percen· Parti oulars acres) tags Tohl culturable waste (A + B +C) 66,369 100 A -Area under oulturable wastE' land not available for immediate,cultivation 13,334 20· 09 (il Forest under any legal enactment 793 )·20 (ii) Groves 8,171 12·31 (iii) Forest of timber trees 2 (iv) Thatching grasses, shrubs and bushes 4.243 6·39 (v) Land kept for grazing .