Offset Management Plan

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Offset Management Plan Projects Group BM Alliance Coal Operations Pty Ltd Dysart Road and Associated Infrastructure Relocation Project Moranbah, QLD Offset Management Plan Document Number: Study Manager: Sarah DeBono (BMA) Author(s): Liz Fisher, Alana Burley (Eco Logical Australia) Tom Kaveney (Adaptive Strategies) Document History Revision Issue Date Change Changed By: V1 2/12/2014 Draft to BMA V2 6/12/2013 Final draft submitted to DoE V3 18/12/2013 Revised draft submitted to DoE Tom K V3a 23/12/2013 Revised Final draft submitted to DoE Tom K Table of Contents 1 BACKGROUND ......................................................................................... 4 1.1 Description of Project .............................................................................. 4 1.2 Commonwealth Approval ......................................................................... 4 1.3 Purpose of Offset Management Plan ........................................................ 4 1.4 Review of Offset Management Plan .......................................................... 5 2 OFFSET COMPLIANCE ............................................................................. 6 2.1 Project Impacts ....................................................................................... 6 2.2 Offset Approval Conditions ..................................................................... 7 2.3 Project Offsets Summary ......................................................................... 8 2.3.1 Ornamental Snake ..................................................................................................... 8 2.3.2 Natural Grasslands TEC ............................................................................................ 8 2.3.3 Threatened Grass Species ......................................................................................... 9 2.4 EPBC Act Environmental Offset Policy Principles .................................... 9 3 TERANG PROPERTY - ORNAMENTAL SNAKE HABITAT OFFSET ............. 11 3.1 Property Description ............................................................................. 11 3.1.1 Location .................................................................................................................... 11 3.1.2 Regional Context ...................................................................................................... 11 3.1.3 Tenure and Ownership ............................................................................................. 11 3.1.4 Existing Use ............................................................................................................. 12 3.2 Offset Site 1 description ........................................................................ 15 3.2.1 Location and Size ..................................................................................................... 15 3.2.2 Offset Values ............................................................................................................ 15 3.2.3 Existing Condition ..................................................................................................... 21 3.2.4 Threatening Processes ............................................................................................ 23 3.2.5 Additional Values ...................................................................................................... 23 3.3 Offset Site 2 Description ........................................................................ 23 3.3.1 Location and Size ..................................................................................................... 23 3.3.2 Offset Values ............................................................................................................ 24 3.3.3 Existing Condition ..................................................................................................... 24 3.3.4 Threatening Processes ............................................................................................ 24 3.4 Offset Suitability For Ornamental Snake Impacts ................................... 26 3.5 Security and Management ...................................................................... 28 BMA Dysart Road and Associated Infrastructure Relocation Project Offset Management Plan Page 2 of 54 4 INDERI PROPERTY - NATURAL GRASSLANDS TEC OFFSET ................... 31 4.1 Property Description ............................................................................. 31 4.1.1 Location .................................................................................................................... 31 4.1.2 Regional Context ...................................................................................................... 31 4.1.3 Tenure and Ownership ............................................................................................. 31 4.1.4 Existing Use ............................................................................................................. 31 4.2 Offset Site Description .......................................................................... 34 4.2.1 Location and Size ..................................................................................................... 34 4.2.2 Offset Values ............................................................................................................ 34 4.2.3 Existing Condition ..................................................................................................... 36 4.2.4 Threatening Processes ............................................................................................ 38 4.2.5 Additional Values ...................................................................................................... 38 4.3 Offset Suitability for Natural Grassland TEC Impacts ............................. 39 4.4 Security and Management ...................................................................... 43 5 SUMMARY OF OFFSET SUITABILITY AND COMPLIANCE ......................... 46 REFERENCES ............................................................................................... 47 APPENDIX A – TERANG OFFSET AREA MANAGEMENT PLAN ........................ 48 APPENDIX B – INDERI OFFSET AREA MANAGEMENT PLAN ........................... 49 APPENDIX C – TERANG OFFSET SITE SURVEY RESULTS ............................. 50 APPENDIX D – INDERI OFFSET SITE SURVEY RESULTS ................................ 53 BMA Dysart Road and Associated Infrastructure Relocation Project Offset Management Plan Page 3 of 54 1 BACKGROUND 1.1 DESCRIPTION OF PROJECT BM Alliance Coal Operations Pty Ltd (BMA) is proposing to relocate part of Dysart Road and associated infrastructure within the existing road corridor that passes through the Peak Downs Mine Mining Lease. Dysart Road is a public road which connects the towns of Dysart and Moranbah in the Bowen Basin, Queensland. It is an important piece of regional infrastructure providing a public road link between the two towns and the surrounding properties and mining operations in the area. Approximately 16 km of Dysart Road and a Telstra fibre optic cable is proposed to be relocated from ML1775 to the eastern boundary of adjoining MLA70411. The relocation is necessary to maintain connectivity between Dysart and Moranbah as mining activities proceed on ML1775. 1.2 COMMONWEALTH APPROVAL The Dysart Road and Associated Infrastructure Relocation Project (the Project) was referred to the Commonwealth Department of the Environment (DoE; formerly the Department of Sustainability, Environment, Water, Population and Communities (SEWPaC)) on 17 May 2013 for assessment under the Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 (EPBC Act). The Project (EPBC 2013/6868) was determined to be a controlled action subject to the controlling provision of listed threatened species and communities (Section 18 and 18A) on 19 June 2013. The DoE also advised at this time that assessment would be by preliminary documentation, and assessment commenced with a request for additional information on 20 June 2013. Preliminary documentation for the Project addressed the additional information requested and facilitated an assessment under the EPBC Act. The preliminary documentation detailed the impacts of the Project to matters of national environmental significance (MNES) and the avoidance, mitigation, management and offset measures that have been or will be undertaken to reduce impacts to MNES. Decision on approval subject to the implementation of conditions was received on 5 November 2013. 1.3 PURPOSE OF OFFSET MANAGEMENT PLAN This offset management plan has been prepared to address the Project’s residual significant impacts to MNES identified in the preliminary documentation. The Project offsets will provide environmental benefits to counterbalance the significant impacts of the Project that will remain after measures to avoid, mitigate and manage have been implemented. The offset management plan includes: • Description of the Project’s residual significant impacts to MNES; • Description of the Project’s offsets, including values, existing condition and threatening processes; • Demonstration of the Project’s compliance with the Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 Environmental Offsets Policy (October 2012) (herein referred to as the Offsets Policy); BMA Dysart Road and Associated Infrastructure Relocation Project Offset Management Plan Page 4 of 54 • Assessment of the offsets and process established to meet the offset requirements of the Project in accordance with
Recommended publications
  • Recognise the Important Grasses
    Recognise the important grasses Desirable perennial grasses Black speargrass Heteropogon contortus - Birdwood buffel Cenchrus setiger Buffel grass Cenchrus ciliaris Cloncury buffel Cenchrus pennisetijormis Desert bluegrass Bothriochloa ewartiana - Forest bluegrass Bothriochloa bladhii - Giant speargrass Heteropogon triticeus - Gulf or curly bluegrass Dichanthiumjecundum - Indian couch Bothriochloa pertusa + Kangaroo grass Themeda triandra - Mitchell grass, barley Astrebla pectinata Mitchell grass, bull Astrebla squarrosa Mitchell grass, hoop Astrebla elymoides Plume sorghum Sorghum plumosum + Sabi grass Urochloa mosambicensis - Silky browntop Eulalia aurea (E. julva) - +" Wild rice Oryza australiensis Intermediate value grasses (perennials and annuals) Barbwire grass Cymbopogon rejractus Bottle washer or limestone grass Enneapogon polyphyllus + Early spring grass Eriochloa procera + Fire grass Schizachyrium spp. Flinders grass Iseilema spp. + Ribbon grass Chrysopogon jallax Liverseed Urochloa panico ides + Love grasses Eragrostis species + Pitted bluegrass Bothriochloa decipiens Annual sorghum Sorghum timorense Red natal grass Melinis repens (Rhynchelytrum) + Rice grass Xerochloa imburbis Salt water couch Sporobolus virginicus Spinifex, soft Triodia pungens Spinifex, curly Triodia bitextusa (Plectrachne pungens) Spiny mud grass Pseudoraphis spinescens White grass Sehima nervosum Wanderrie grass Eriachne spp. Native millet Panicum decompositum + Annual and less desirable grasses Asbestos grass Pennisetum basedowii Button grass Dacty loctenium
    [Show full text]
  • 3 Invasive Species in the Sonoran Desert Region
    3 Invasive Species in the Sonoran Desert Region 11 INVASIVE SPECIES IN THE SONORAN DESERT REGION Invasive species are altering the ecosystems of the Sonoran Desert Region. Native plants have been displaced resulting in radically different habitats and food for wildlife. Species like red brome and buffelgrass have become dense enough in many areas to carry fire in the late spring and early summer. Sonoran Desert plants such as saguaros, palo verdes and many others are not fire- adapted and do not survive these fires. The number of non-native species tends to be lowest in natural areas of the Sonoran Desert and highest in the most disturbed and degraded habitats. However, species that are unusually aggressive and well adapted do invade natural areas. In the mid 1900’s, there were approximately 146 non-native plant species (5.7% of the total flora) in the Sonoran Desert. Now non-natives comprise nearly 10% of the Sonoran Desert flora overall. In highly disturbed areas, the majority of species are frequently non-native invasives. These numbers continue to increase. It is crucial that we monitor, control, and eradicate invasive species that are already here. We must also consider the various vectors of dispersal for invasive species that have not yet arrived in Arizona, but are likely to be here in the near future. Early detection and reporting is vital to prevent the spread of existing invasives and keep other invasives from arriving and establishing. This is the premise of the INVADERS of the Sonoran Desert Region program at the Arizona-Sonora Desert Museum.
    [Show full text]
  • FT Fitzroy Region Plant Index
    Fitzroy Region Plant Index Common name Species name Page Angleton grass* Dichanthium aristatum cv. Floren FT01, FT02, FT05, FT11, FT13, FT16, FT19, FT23, FT29 armgrass Urochloa spp. (syn. Brachiaria FT17, FT22, FT30 spp.) balloon cottonbush Gomphocarpus physocarpus FT13 Bambasti panic* Panicum coloratum FT01, FT02, FT05, FT11, FT13, FT19, FT23 barbwire grass Cymbopogon refractus FT04, FT12, FT13, FT14, FT15, FT16, FT19, FT20, FT21, FT22, FT24, FT27, FT28, FT30 bauhinia Lysiphyllum sp. FT01, FT03, FT06, FT11, FT19, FT24, FT29 belah Casuarina cristata FT06 bellyache bush* Jatropha gossypiifolia FT09 bendee Acacia catenulata FT17 Bisset creeping bluegrass Bothriochloa insculpta see creeping bluegrass* black speargrass Heteropogon contortus FT02, FT03, FT04, FT07, FT08, FT10, FT12, FT13, FT14, FT15, FT16, FT19, FT20, FT21, FT22, FT24, FT25, FT26, FT27, FT28, FT30, FT31 black tea tree Melaleuca bracteata FT19, FT23 black wattle Acacia salicina FT19 blackbutt Eucalyptus cambageana FT04, FT16 blackdown yellow-jacket Corymbia bunites FT15 blady grass Imperata cylindrica FT08, FT10 bloodwood Corymbia clarksoniana, FT03, FT14, FT20, FT21, FT23, FT28, C. erythrophloia FT24 blue gum Eucalyptus tereticornis FT08, FT02 bonewood Macropteranthes leichhardtii FT06, FT29 boonaree Alectryon oleifolium FT19 bottletree Brachychiton rupestris FT06, FT29 Land types of Queensland - 1 - Fitzroy Region Version 3.1 Common name Species name Page bottlewasher grasses Enneapogon spp. FT02, FT04, FT12, FT14, FT15, FT17, FT19, FT20, FT21, FT22, FT23, FT24, FT25, FT28,
    [Show full text]
  • ECOSYSTEM DEGRADATION, HABITAT LOSS and SPECIES DECLINE in ARID and SEMI-ARID AUSTRALIA DUE to the INVASION of BUFFEL GRASS (Cenchrus Ciliaris and C
    THREAT ABATEMENT ADVICE FOR ECOSYSTEM DEGRADATION, HABITAT LOSS AND SPECIES DECLINE IN ARID AND SEMI-ARID AUSTRALIA DUE TO THE INVASION OF BUFFEL GRASS (Cenchrus ciliaris AND C. pennisetiformis) This threat abatement advice reflects the best available information at the time of development (October 2014) Last updated April 2015 To provide information updates please email [email protected] Purpose The purpose of this threat abatement advice is to identify key actions and research to abate the threat of ecosystem degradation, habitat loss and species decline in arid and semi-arid Australia due to the invasion of buffel grass (Cenchrus ciliaris and C. pennisetiformis1). Buffel grass comprises a suite of species and ecotypes native to Africa, Western and Southern Asia that are now rapidly colonising arid ecosystems in Australia. Abatement of this threat can help ensure the conservation of biodiversity assets including threatened species and ecological communities listed under the Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 (EPBC Act), Ramsar sites and properties on the World Heritage List. Other significant assets such as Indigenous cultural sites, state and territory listed assets and remnant vegetation would also be better protected. This advice provides information and guidance for stakeholders at national, state, regional and local levels. It suggests on-ground activities that can be implemented by local communities, natural resource management groups or interested individuals such as landholders. It also suggests actions that can be undertaken by government agencies, local councils, research organisations, industry bodies or non-government organisations. The intention of this advice is to highlight those actions considered through consultation to be of highest priority and which may be feasible, rather than to comprehensively list all actions which may abate the threat and impacts posed by buffel grass.
    [Show full text]
  • REVISED DRAFT Round-Leaved Chaff Flower (Achyranthes Splendens Var
    REVISED DRAFT Round-Leaved Chaff Flower (Achyranthes splendens var. rotundata) Habitat Conservation Plan Kenai Industrial Park Project Prepared for: Hawai‘i Department of Land and Natural Resources Applicant: CIRI Land Development Company 2525 C Street, Suite 500 Anchorage, Alaska 99503 Draft prepared by: AMEC Environment & Infrastructure, Inc. 23049 Ualena Street, Suite 1100 Honolulu, Hawai‘i 96819 Revisions and final document produced by: SWCA Environmental Consultants, Honolulu Office Bishop Square: ASB Tower 1001 Bishop Street, Suite 2800 Honolulu, Hawai‘i 96813 June 2013 REVISED DRAFT Round-Leaved Chaff Flower HCP; Kenai Industrial Park This page intentionally left blank 2013 SWCA Environmental Consultants REVISED DRAFT ROUND-LEAVED CHAFF FLOWER (ACHYRANTHES SPLENDENS VAR. ROTUNDATA) HABITAT CONSERVATION PLAN KENAI INDUSTRIAL PARK PROJECT PREPARED FOR: Hawaiʻi Department of Land and Natural Resources APPLICANT: CIRI Land Development Company 2525 C Street, Suite 500 Anchorage, Alaska 99503 DRAFT PREPARED BY: AMEC Environment & Infrastructure, Inc. 3049 Ualena Street, Suite 1100 Honolulu, HI. 96819 REVISIONS AND FINAL DOCUMENT PRODUCED BY: SWCA Environmental Consultants Honolulu Office Bishop Square: ASB Tower 1001 Bishop Street, Suite 2800 Honolulu, HI. 96813 June 2013 REVISED DRAFT Round-Leaved Chaff Flower HCP; Kenai Industrial Park This page intentionally left blank 2013 SWCA Environmental Consultants REVISED DRAFT Round-Leaved Chaff Flower HCP; Kenai Industrial Park TABLE OF CONTENTS 1 INTRODUCTION AND PROJECT OVERVIEW............................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • State Buffel Grass Strategic Plan
    SOUTH AUSTRALIA Buffel Grass Strategic Plan 2019–2024 1 Suggested citation: Biosecurity SA (2019) South Australia Buffel Grass Strategic Plan 2019–2024: A plan to reduce the weed threat of buffel grass in South Australia. Government of South Australia. Edited by: Troy Bowman, David Cooke and Ross Meffin, Biosecurity SA (Department of Primary Industries and Regions South Australia). Contributors: Tim Reynolds, Ben Shepherd (editors 2012 Strategic Plan). Mark Anderson, Brett Backhouse, Doug Bickerton, Troy Bowman, David Cooke, Dwayne Godfrey, Kym Haebich, Michaela Heinson, Paul Hodges, Amy Ide, Susan Ivory, Rob Langley, Glen Norris, Greg Patrick, John Read, Grant Roberts, Ellen Ryan-Colton, Andrea Schirner, Carolina Galindez Silva, Jarrod Spencer, Clint Taylor (Buffel Grass Taskforce). Cover photo: Dense buffel grass infested hills and plains near Umuwa, APY Lands, Troy Bowman, PIRSA Foreword Buffel grass can affect biodiversity, natural and cultural heritage, communities and infrastructure. Through changes in vegetation structure and the loss of native flora and fauna, it can transform rangeland landscapes. By degrading the environment it can threaten natural, Aboriginal and European cultural heritage; remote communities and infrastructure can be impacted through the increased risk of bushfire. South Australia took the lead in 2015 as the first jurisdiction in Australia to declare buffel grass under its weed management legislation. Our response to buffel grass in South Australia requires a delicate balance between its use as a pasture grass across state and territory boundaries, and the need to protect our environment, cultural landscapes and infrastructure. The South Australian Buffel Grass Strategic Plan for 2019–24 presents a coordinated statewide approach to buffel grass management, building on the success of the 2012–2017 plan and further developing the existing zoning scheme and management strategies.
    [Show full text]
  • Genetic Diversification Among Populations of the Endangered Hawaiian Endemic Euphorbia Kuwaleana (Euphorbiaceae)
    Genetic diversification among populations of the endangered Hawaiian endemic Euphorbia kuwaleana (Euphorbiaceae) By: Clifford W. Morden*, Troy Hiramoto, and Mitsuko Yorkston Abstract The Hawaiian Euphorbia is an assemblage of 17 species, seven of which are endangered and four others rare. Euphorbia kuwaleana is an endangered species of small shrubs restricted to three small populations in west O‘ahu, Hawai‘i. The species has declined to fewer than 1000 individuals largely due to habitat encroachment by alien plant species and the periodic fires that occur in the vicinity. Genetic variation was assessed among individuals in two populations to determine what impact small population size has had on genetic diversity within the species using RAPD markers. Results demonstrate that polymorphism within these populations is high (mean=82.5%), equal to or exceeding that of many other non-endangered Hawaiian species. Genetic similarities within (0.741) and among (0.716) populations, FST (0.072), and PCO analysis all indicate differentiation among the populations although in close geographical proximity (<1 km apart). Conservation efforts for this species should focus on protection of existing populations from eminent threats and the establishment of new populations in suitable habitats on O‘ahu. *Corresponding Author E-mail: [email protected] Pacific Science, vol. 68, no. 1 July 16, 2013 (Early view) Introduction The genus Euphorbia (Euphorbiaceae) is represented in Hawaii by 17 species from two separate colonizations. The C3 species, Euphorbia haeleeleana, is a tree with succulent stems and is closely related to the Australian succulent species E. plumerioides and E. sarcostemmoides (Zimmerman et al 2010). The other 16 species (previously in the genus Chamaesyce, now recognized as a subgenus of Euphorbia; Yang et al.
    [Show full text]
  • Supplementary Materialsupplementary Material
    Supplementary Materials 10.1071/RJ16076_AC © CSIRO 2017 Supplementary Material: Rangeland Journal, 2017, 39(1), 85–95. Assessing the invasion threat of non-native plant species in protected areas using Herbarium specimen and ecological survey data. A case study in two rangeland bioregions in Queensland Michael R. NgugiA,B and Victor John NeldnerA AQueensland Herbarium, Department of Science Information Technology and Innovation, Mt Coot- tha Road, Toowong, Qld 4066, Australia. BCorresponding author. Email: [email protected] Table S1. List of native species in Cape York Peninsula and Desert Uplands bioregions Cape York Peninsula native Species Desert Uplands native Species Abelmoschus ficulneus Abelmoschus ficulneus Abelmoschus moschatus subsp. Tuberosus Abildgaardia ovata Abildgaardia ovata Abildgaardia vaginata Abildgaardia vaginata Abutilon arenarium Abrodictyum brassii Abutilon calliphyllum Abrodictyum obscurum Abutilon fraseri Abroma molle Abutilon hannii Abrophyllum ornans Abutilon leucopetalum Abrus precatorius L. subsp. precatorius Abutilon malvifolium Abutilon albescens Abutilon nobile Domin Abutilon auritum Abutilon otocarpum Abutilon micropetalum Abutilon oxycarpum Acacia armillata Abutilon oxycarpum Acacia armitii Abutilon oxycarpum var. incanum Acacia aulacocarpa Abutilon oxycarpum var. subsagittatum Acacia auriculiformis Acacia acradenia Acacia brassii Acacia adsurgens Acacia calyculata Acacia aneura F.Muell. ex Benth. var. aneura Acacia celsa Acacia aneura var. major Pedley Acacia chisholmii Acacia angusta Maiden
    [Show full text]
  • I Is the Sunda-Sahul Floristic Exchange Ongoing?
    Is the Sunda-Sahul floristic exchange ongoing? A study of distributions, functional traits, climate and landscape genomics to investigate the invasion in Australian rainforests By Jia-Yee Samantha Yap Bachelor of Biotechnology Hons. A thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy at The University of Queensland in 2018 Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation i Abstract Australian rainforests are of mixed biogeographical histories, resulting from the collision between Sahul (Australia) and Sunda shelves that led to extensive immigration of rainforest lineages with Sunda ancestry to Australia. Although comprehensive fossil records and molecular phylogenies distinguish between the Sunda and Sahul floristic elements, species distributions, functional traits or landscape dynamics have not been used to distinguish between the two elements in the Australian rainforest flora. The overall aim of this study was to investigate both Sunda and Sahul components in the Australian rainforest flora by (1) exploring their continental-wide distributional patterns and observing how functional characteristics and environmental preferences determine these patterns, (2) investigating continental-wide genomic diversities and distances of multiple species and measuring local species accumulation rates across multiple sites to observe whether past biotic exchange left detectable and consistent patterns in the rainforest flora, (3) coupling genomic data and species distribution models of lineages of known Sunda and Sahul ancestry to examine landscape-level dynamics and habitat preferences to relate to the impact of historical processes. First, the continental distributions of rainforest woody representatives that could be ascribed to Sahul (795 species) and Sunda origins (604 species) and their dispersal and persistence characteristics and key functional characteristics (leaf size, fruit size, wood density and maximum height at maturity) of were compared.
    [Show full text]
  • Tools for Improved Management of Buffelgrass in the Sonoran Desert
    Tools for Improved Management of Buffelgrass in the Sonoran Desert Item Type text; Electronic Dissertation Authors Bean, Travis M. Publisher The University of Arizona. Rights Copyright © is held by the author. Digital access to this material is made possible by the University Libraries, University of Arizona. Further transmission, reproduction or presentation (such as public display or performance) of protected items is prohibited except with permission of the author. Download date 23/09/2021 16:27:35 Link to Item http://hdl.handle.net/10150/325503 TOOLS FOR IMPROVED MANAGEMENT OF BUFFELGRASS IN THE SONORAN DESERT by Travis Maclain Bean __________________________ A Dissertation Submitted to the Faculty of the SCHOOL OF NATURAL RESOURCES AND ENVIRONMENT In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements For the Degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY In the Graduate College THE UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA 2014 THE UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA GRADUATE COLLEGE As members of the Dissertation Committee, we certify that we have read the dissertation prepared by Travis Bean, titled Tools for improved management of buffelgrass in the Sonoran Desert and recommend that it be accepted as fulfilling the dissertation requirement for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy. _______________________________________________________________________ Date: 3 June 2014 Steven E. Smith _______________________________________________________________________ Date: 3 June 2014 Martin M. Karpiscak _______________________________________________________________________ Date: 3 June 2014 Shirley
    [Show full text]
  • Recent Invasion of Buffel Grass (Cenchrus Ciliaris) of a Natural Protected Area from the Southern Sonoran Desert
    Revista Mexicana de Biodiversidad 79: 385- 392, 2008 Recent invasion of buffel grass (Cenchrus ciliaris) of a natural protected area from the southern Sonoran Desert Invasión reciente de zacate buffel (Cenchrus ciliaris) en un área natural protegida del desierto sonorense Erick De la Barrera Centro de Investigaciones en Ecosistemas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Apartado postal 27-3, 58089 Morelia, Michoacán, México. Correspondent: [email protected] Abstract. The Centro Ecológico de Sonora is a natural protected area where the natural vegetation remained undisturbed at least until 1997. Since then, Cenchrus ciliaris has become a prominent element of the vegetation because of disturbance. Climate, soil properties, population structure and biological activity for C. ciliaris were studied to gain understanding of the ecological mechanisms that favored the invasion by this exotic grass. Mean air temperature and annual rainfall were 24.8°C and 302 mm. The soil was a loamy-sand that was poor in most nutrients, but particularly rich in phosphorus. Pennisetum ciliare was the most abundant species at the Centro Ecológico, representing over one third of total plant ground cover. Basal area for individual plants ranged from less than 1 cm2 to almost 1 m2. Living leaves per plant increased with precipitation, peaking at 199 leaves in March 2005, and no living leaves were found after 103 days without rain. The environmental conditions prevalent at Centro Ecológico are very favorable for C. ciliaris, whose establishment was apparently triggered by a major disturbance caused by the development of housing projects. Key words: El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO), forage production, global change, Cenchrus ciliare, urban sprawl.
    [Show full text]
  • Plant Composition and Structure of Two Post-Livestock Areas of Tamaulipan Thornscrub, Mexico Miguel A
    Pequeño-Ledezma et al. Revista Chilena de Historia Natural (2018) 91:4 Revista Chilena de https://doi.org/10.1186/s40693-018-0074-9 Historia Natural RESEARCH Open Access Plant composition and structure of two post-livestock areas of Tamaulipan thornscrub, Mexico Miguel A. Pequeño-Ledezma1, Eduardo Alanís-Rodríguez2, Víctor M. Molina-Guerra3, Arturo Mora-Olivo4* , Alejandro G. Alcalá-Rojas5, José Guadalupe Martínez-Ávalos4 and Fortunato Garza-Ocañas2 Abstract Background: The composition, structure and biological diversity of two regenerated areas after livestock activities in a Tamaulipan thornscrub vegetation from Northeast Mexico were evaluated. The regeneration of each area was evaluated with the establishment of 12 sampling sites of 50m2. From the data obtained ecological indexes such as: Importance Value Index and Diversity (alpha and beta) were evaluated. Results: A total of 17 families, 40 genera and 42 species were registered, the most representative family was Fabaceae with 11 spp. The intensive livestock area had 36 species; a Margalef index of 4.44 and a 1.24 Shannon index, while the extensive livestock area had 32 species, a Margalef index of 4.24 and a 2.16 Shannon index. The communities evaluated have a (48%) mean similarity. Conclusions: 1) Regenerated communities after livestock use showed higher richness of species and alpha diversity. 2) Evaluated communities have a mean similarity of (48%). 3) Even after 25 years of regeneration the most dominant species was Cenchrus ciliaris that is used for cattle forage. Keywords: Diversity, Livestock, Mexican scrubs, Plant regeneration, Shannon index Background areas with natural vegetation) to a gradual shifting to an in- Livestock activity represents 5% of the global gross domes- tensive form (small areas in where natural vegetation is re- tic product (GDP), almost 29% of the terrestrial surface cor- placed by grassland).
    [Show full text]