JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY

Volume 64 June 1990 No. 6

ANIMAL VIRUSES The Adenovirus ElI Early Promoter Has Multiple EIA-Sensitive Elements, Two of Which Function Cooperatively in Basal and Virus-Induced . Chitra F. Manohar, Jon Kratochvil, and Bayar Thimmapaya...... 2457-2466 Infectious Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus Derived from a Cloned Full-Length cDNA. A. Zibert, G. Maass, K. Strebel, M. M. Falk, and E. Beck...... 2467-2473 Phosphoprotein and Nucleocapsid Protein Evolution of Vesicular Stomatitis Virus New Jersey. Pamuk A. Bilsel, Joan E. Rowe, Walter M. Fitch, and Stuart T. Nichol ...... 2498-2504 A Novel Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Protein, tev, Shares Sequences with , , and Proteins. Donna M. Benko, Stefan Schwartz, George N. Pavlakis, and Barbara K. Felber...... 2505-2518 Cloning and Functional Analysis of Multiply Spliced mRNA Species of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1. Stefan Schwartz, Barbara K. Felber, Donna M. Benko, Eva-Maria Fenyo, and George N. Pavlakis ...... 2519-2529 Characterization and Expression of a Glycoprotein Encoded by the Epstein-Barr Virus BamHI I Fragment. Michael Mackett, Margaret J. Conway, John R. Arrand, Ruwaida S. Haddad, and Lindsey M. Hutt-Fletcher...... 2545-2552 In Vitro Transcriptional Activation, Dimerization, and DNA-Binding Specificity of the Epstein-Barr Virus Zta Protein. Paul M. Lieberman and Arnold J. Berk...... 2560-2568 Characterization of a Transpositionally Active Ty3 Element and Identification of the Ty3 Protein. Lori J. Hansen and Suzanne B. Sandmeyer.... 2599-2607 Functional Relevance of Specific Interactions between Virus Type 1 ICP4 and Sequences from the Promoter-Regulatory Domain of the Viral Thymidine Kinase Gene. Anthony N. Imbalzano, Alyssa A. Shepard, and Neal A. DeLuca ...... 2620-2631 Proteins VP7, NS28, and VP4 Form Oligomeric Structures. David R. Maass and Paul H. Atkinson...... 2632-2641 Spleen Necrosis Virus gag Polyprotein Is Necessary for Particle Assembly and Release but Not for Proteolytic Processing. Thomas A. Weaver, Katrin J. Talbot, and Antonito T. Panganiban...... 2642-2652 Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Like, Nonreplicating, gag-env Particles Assemble in a Recombinant Virus Expression System. Omar Haffar, Jacques Garrigues, Bruce Travis, Patricia Moran, Joyce Zarling, and Shiu-Lok Hu ...... 2653-2659 Activation of a P-Galactosidase Recombinant Provirus: Application to Titration of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and HIV-Infected Cells. Didier Rocancourt, Claire Bonnerot, Helene Jouin, Michael Emerman, and Jean-Frangois Nicolas...... 2660-2668 Translation by the Adenovirus Tripartite Leader: Elements Which Determine Independence from Cap-Binding Protein Complex. Patrick J. Dolph, Jiaoti Huang, and Robert J. Schneider ...... 2669-2677

Continued on following page Continuedfrom preceding page Echovirus 22 Is an Atypical Enterovirus. Beth-Ann G. Coller, Nora M. Chapman, Melinda A. Beck, Mark A. Pallansch, Charles J. Gauntt, and Steven M. Tracy...... 2692-2701 Activation of the E2F Transcription Factor in Adenovirus-Infected Cells Involves ElA-Dependent Stimulation of DNA-Binding Activity and Induction of Coop- erative Binding Mediated by an E4 Gene Product. Pradip Raychaudhuri, Srilata Bagchi, Suzanne D. Neill, and Joseph R. Nevins ...... 2702-2710 Human Immunodeficiency Virus Integration in a Cell-Free System. Viola Ellison, Holly Abrams, TaiYun Roe, Jeff Lifson, and Patrick Brown ...... 2711-2715 Structural Requirements in the Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 Transactivator Vmw65 for Interaction with the Cellular Octamer-Binding Protein and Target TAATGARAT Sequences. Richard F. Greaves and Peter O'Hare 2716-2724 Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 Encodes Two Fc Receptors Which Have Different Binding Characteristics for Monomeric Immunoglobulin G (IgG) and IgG Complexes. Gary Dubin, Ian Frank, and Harvey M. Friedman...... 2725-2731 The Adenovirus L4 100-Kilodalton Protein Is Necessary for Efficient Translation of Viral Late mRNA Species. B. W. Hayes, G. C. Telling, M. M. Myat, J. F. Williams, and S. J. Flint...... 2732-2742 Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Pr559ag and Pr1609a9P'1 Expressed from a Simian Virus 40 Late Replacement Vector Are Efficiently Processed and Assembled into Viruslike Particles. Alan J. Smith, Moon-Il Cho, Marie-Louise Hammarskjold, and David Rekosh ...... 2743-2750 Identification of Epstein-Barr Virus Terminal Protein 1 (TP1) in Extracts of Four Lymphoid Cell Lines, Expression in Insect Cells, and Detection of Antibodies in Human Sera. Barbara Frech, Ursula Zimber-Strobl, Karl-Otto Suentzenich, Oleg Pavlish, Gilbert M. Lenoir, Georg W. Bornkamm, and Nikolaus Mueller-Lantzsch ...... 2759-2767 cis-Dominant Defect in Activation of Adenovirus Type 5 Elb Early RNA Synthesis. Christopher L. Parks and David J. Spector...... 2780-2787 Sequence-Specific Binding of DNA by the Moloney Integrase Protein. Paul A. Krogstad and James J. Champoux ...... 2796-2801 The Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) ORI1yt Enhancer Is Not B-Cell Specific and Does Not Respond Synergistically to the EBV Transcription Factors R and Z. Henri Gruffat, Nancy Moreno, and Alain Sergeant ...... 2810-2818 Hepadnavirus Envelope Proteins Regulate Covalently Closed Circular DNA Amplification. Jesse Summers, Peggy M. Smith, and Arthur L. Horwich 2819-2824 Secondary Structure of the Human T-Cell Leukemia Virus Type 1 rex-Responsive Element Is Essential for rex Regulation of RNA Processing and Transport of Unspliced . Hideo Toyoshima, Michiyasu Itoh, Jun-ichiro Inoue, Motoharu Seiki, Fumimaro Takaku, and Mitsuaki Yoshida ...... 2825-2832 Inhibition of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Infection In Vitro by Anti-carbohydrate Monoclonal Antibodies: Peripheral Glycosylation of HIV Envelope Glycoprotein gpl20 May Be a Target for Virus Neutralization. John-Erik S. Hansen, Henrik Clausen, Claus Nielsen, Lars S. Teglbjaerg, Lisbeth L. Hansen, Carsten M. Nielsen, Erik Dabelsteen, Lars Mathiesen, Sen-itiroh Hakomori, and Jens 0. Nielsen...... 2833-2840 Mutational Analysis of cis Elements Involved in E2 Modulation of Human Papil- lomavirus Type 16 P97 and Type 18 P105 Promoters. Helen Romanczuk, Frangoise Thierry, and Peter M. Howley...... 2849-2859

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Evolutionary Pattern of the Hemagglutinin Gene of B Viruses Isolated in Japan: Cocirculating Lineages in the Same Epidemic Season. Yumi Kanegae, Shigeo Sugita, Atsushi Endo, Masatoshi Ishida, Seizo Senya, Katsumi Osako, Kuniaki Nerome, and Akira Oya ...... 2860-2865 Identification of the Epstein-Barr Virus Terminal Protein Gene Products in Latently Infected Lymphocytes. David T. Rowe, Laurence Hall, Irene Joab, and Gerhard Laux...... 2866-2875 Mutational Analysis of Simian Virus 40 Small-t Antigen. Pratima Jog, Bansi Joshi, Vandana Dhamankar, Michael J. Imperiale, Joan Rutila, and Kathleen Rundell ...... 2895-2900 Sequence Requirements for Proteolytic Processing of Glycoprotein B of Human Cytomegalovirus Strain Towne. Richard R. Spaete, Amita Saxena, Patricia I. Scott, Gregory J. Song, William S. Probert, William J. Britt, Wade Gibson, Lucy Rasmussen, and Carol Pachl ...... 2922-2931 Cytomegalovirus Activates Transcription Directed by the Long Terminal Repeat of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1. Peter A. Barry, Elissa Pratt-Lowe, B. Matija Peterlin, and Paul A. Luciw ...... 2932-2940 Replication and Amplification of Defective Interfering Particle RNAs of Vesicular Stomatitis Virus in Cells Expressing Viral Proteins from Vectors Containing Cloned cDNAs. Asit K. Pattnaik and Gail W. Wertz ...... 2948-2957 Intrachromosomal Recombination Mediated by Papovavirus Large T Antigens. Luc St-Onge, Louise Bouchard, Sylvette Laurent, and Marcel Bastin ..... 2958-2966 Characterization of Clones Containing Lethal and Nonlethal Mutations in the Genome-Linked Protein VPg. Quentin Reuer, Richard J. Kuhn, and ...... 2967-2975 Structure of the Reovirus Cell-Attachment Protein: a Model for the Domain Organization of crl. Max L. Nibert, Terence S. Dermody, and Bernard N. Fields...... 2976-2989 Molecular Structure of the Cell-Attachment Protein of Reovirus: Correlation of Computer-Processed Electron Micrographs with Sequence-Based Predictions. R. D. B. Fraser, D. B. Furlong, B. L. Trus, M. L. Nibert, B. N. Fields, and A. C. Steven ...... 2990-3000 Mutations Which Alter the Level or Structure of nsP4 Can Affect the Efficiency of Sindbis Virus Replication in a Host-Dependent Manner. Julie A. Lemm, Russell K. Durbin, Victor Stollar, and Charles M. Rice ...... 3001-3011 Identification of the Vaccinia Virus Gene Encoding an 18-Kilodalton Subunit of RNA Polymerase and Demonstration of a 5' Poly(A) Leader on Its Early Transcript. Byung-Yoon Ahn, Elaine V. Jones, and Bernard Moss...... 3019-3024 In Vitro Infection of Human Hepatoma (HepG2) Cells with . Radhia Bchini, Francis Capel, Charles Dauguet, Sylvie Dubanchet, and Marie-Anne Petit ...... 3025-3032 Constitutive Expression of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Protein in Human Astrocytes Does Not Influence Basal or Induced HIV Long Terminal Repeat Activity. Franqoise Bachelerie, Jose Alcami, Uriel Hazan, Nicole Israel, Bruno Goud, Fernando Arenzana-Seisdedos, and Jean-Louis Virelizier...... 3059-3062 Tandemly Repeated Hexamer Sequences within the Beta Interferon Promoter Can Function as an Inducible Regulatory Element in Activation by the Adenovi- rus E1B 19-Kilodalton Protein. Kazuko Shiroki, Hiroyuki Kato, and Sadaaki Kawai ...... 3063-3068

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Site-Directed Mutagenesis of the Proposed Catalytic Amino Acids of the Sindbis Virus Protein Autoprotease. Chang S. Hahn and James H. Strauss 3069-3073 Chemical Synthesis of Biologically Active tat trans-Activating Protein of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1. Rene Chun, Charles G. Glabe, and Hung Fan ...... 3074-3077 Hepatitis B Virus X Protein Transactivates the Long Terminal Repeats of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Types 1 and 2. Massimo Levrero, Clara Balsano, Gioacchino Natoli, Maria Laura Avantaggiati, and Emile Elfassi ...... 3082-3086 Human Immunodeficiency Virus Product Is a Virion-Associated Regulatory Protein. Eric A. Cohen, Ghassan Dehni, Joseph G. Sodroski, and William A. Haseltine ...... 3097-3099 The Carboxy Terminus of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 gpl60 Limits Its Proteolytic Processing and Transport in Transfected Cell Lines. Omar K. Haffar, Gerald R. Nakamura, and Phillip W. Berman ...... 3100-3103 Transient Dominant Selection of Recombinant Vaccinia Viruses. Falko G. Falkner and Bernard Moss ...... 3108-3111 Antigenic and Genomic Relationships among Turkey and Bovine Enteric Corona- viruses. Serge Dea, Arnold J. Verbeek, and Peter Tijssen ...... 3112-3118 Processing of Pseudorabies Virus Glycoprotein gll. Ulrich Wolfer, Volker Kruft, Dirk Sawitzky, Hartmut Hampl, Brigitte Wittmann-Liebold, and Karl-Otto Habermehl ...... 3122-3125 Transcription of the Baculovirus Polyhedrin Gene Reduces the Levels of an Antisense Transcript Initiated Downstream. Beng Guat Ooi and Lois K. Miller...... 3126-3129 Rapid Titration of Retroviral Vectors Encoding Intracellular Antigens by Flow Cytometry. Todd L. Sladek and James W. Jacobberger ...... 3135-3138 Isolation of a Possible Archetypal JC Virus DNA Sequence from Nonimmunocom- promised Individuals. Yoshiaki Yogo, Tadaichi Kitamura, Chie Sugimoto, Tetsuo Ueki, Yoshio Aso, Kazuya Hara, and Fumiaki Taguchi ...... 3139-3143 Human Papillomavirus Type 1 Produces Redundant as well as Polycistronic mRNAs in Plantar Warts. Deborah A. Palermo-Dilts, Thomas R. Broker, and Louise T. Chow ...... 3144-3149

VIRUS-CELL INTERACTIONS The Human Cytomegalovirus Receptor on Fibroblasts Is a 30-Kilodalton Membrane Protein. Howard P. Taylor and Neil R. Cooper ...... 2484-2490 Identification of Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 Glycoproteins Interacting with the Cell Surface. Joachim E. Kuhn, Michael D. Kramer, Wolfgang Willenbacher, Ulrike Wieland, Eva U. Lorentzen, and Rudiger W. Braun 2491-2497 Susceptibility of Human Cells to Killing by the Parvoviruses H-1 and Minute Virus of Mice Correlates with Viral Transcription. J. J. Cornelis, Y. Q. Chen, N. Spruyt, N. Duponchel, S. F. Cotmore, P. Tattersall, and J. Rommelaere...... 2537-2544 CD4-Independent, Productive Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Infection of Hepatoma Cell Lines In Vitro. Yunzhen Cao, Alvin E. Friedman-Kien, Yaoxing Huang, Xi Ling Li, Michael Mirabile, Tarsem Moudgil, Dorothea Zucker-Franklin, and David D. Ho ...... 2553-2559 Soluble Forms of Herpes Simplex Virus Glycoprotein D Bind to a Limited Num- ber of Cell Surface Receptors and Inhibit Virus Entry into Cells. David C. Johnson, Rae Lyn Burke, and Timothy Gregory...... 2569-2576 Continued on following page Continuedfrom preceding page

Antibodies That Block Rhinovirus Attachment Map to Domain 1 of the Major Group Receptor. Donald W. Lineberger, Donald J. Graham, Joanne E. Tomassini, and Richard J. Colonno ...... ' 2582-2587 Specific Effect of Interferon on the Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 Transactivation Event. P. Raniero De Stasio and Milton W. Taylor...... 2588-2593 Plasmid Origin of Replication of Herpesvirus Papio: DNA Sequence and Enhancer Function. Daniel D. Loeb, Nancy Schwab Sung, Rick L. Pesano, Connie J. Sexton, Clyde Hutchison III, and Joseph S. Pagano .... 2876-2883 cis-Active Elements from Mouse Chromosomal DNA Suppress Simian Virus 40 DNA Replication. Markus Hartl, Thomas Willnow, and Ellen Fanning.... 2884-2894 Transcriptional Activation of the Adenine Phosphoribosyltransferase Promoter by an Upstream Butyrate-Induced Moloney Murine Sarcoma Virus Enhancer- Promoter Element. De-chu Tang and Milton W. Taylor...... 2907-2911 The Adeno-Associated Virus rep Gene Suppresses Herpes Simplex Virus-Induced DNA Amplification. Regine Heilbronn, Alexander Burkle, Sonja Stephan, and Harald zur Hausen...... 3012-3018 Identffication of Interleukin-6 as an Autocrine Growth Factor for Epstein-Barr Virus-Immortalized B Cells. Giovanna Tosato, Jerome Tanner, Karen D. Jones, Michael Revel, and Sandra E. Pike...... 3033-3041 Retroviral Integration Sites in Transgenic Mov Mice Frequently Map in the Vicinity of Transcribed DNA Regions. Katrin Mooslehner, Ursula Karls, and Klaus Harbers...... 3056-3058 In Vitro-Synthesized Hepatitis Delta Virus RNA Initiates Genome Replication in Cultured Cells. Jeffrey S. Glenn, John M. Taylor, and Judith M. White 3104-3107 Genetic Mapping of a Cloned Sequence Responsible for Susceptibility to Ecotro- pic Murine Leukemia Viruses. Christine A. Kozak, Lorraine M. Albritton, and James Cunningham ...... 3119-3121 cis-Acting Elements in the U3 Region of a Simian Immunodeficiency Virus. Boris Renjifo, Nancy A. Speck, Susan Winandy, Nancy Hopkins, and Yen Li...... 3130-3134

VIRAL AND CELLULAR ONCOGENES The Level of c-fgr RNA Is Increased by EBNA-2, an Epstein-Barr Virus Gene Required for B-Cell Immortalization. Joyce C. Knutson...... 2530-2536 A DNA Replication-Positive Mutant of Simian Virus 40 That Is Defective for Transformation and the Production of Infectious Virions. Keith W. C. Peden, Susan L. Spence, Lois C. Tack, Christine A. Cartwright, Ashok Srinivasan, and James M. Pipas ...... 2912-2921 v-mos Protein Produced by In Vitro Translation Has Protein Kinase Activity. Norbert K. Herzog, Michael Nash, Louis S. Ramagli, and Ralph B. Arlinghaus ...... 3093-3096

PLANT VIRUSES The Cauliflower Mosaic Virus Open Reading Frame VII Product Can Be Expressed in Saccharomyces cerevisiae but Is Not Detected in Infected Plants. Thierry Wurch, Daniel Kirchherr, Jean-Michel Mesnard, and Genevieve Lebeurier ...... 2594-2598

Continued on following page Continued from preceding page VIRAL PATHOGENESIS AND IMMUNITY Extra Mouse Mammary Tumor Proviruses in DBA/2 Mouse Lymphomas Acquire a Selective Advantage in Lymphocytes by Alteration in the U3 Region of the Long Terminal Repeat. Shin-ichi Yanagawa, Akira Murakami, and Harutaka Tanaka ...... 2474-2483 In Vitro Inhibition of Hemopoietic Cell Line Growth by Hepatitis B Virus. Howard S. Steinberg, Pascal Bouffard, Christian Trepo, and Jerome B. Zeldis ...... 2577-2581 Mechanism of Escape of Endogenous Murine Leukemia Virus emv-14 from Rec- ognition by Anti-AKR/Gross Virus Cytolytic T Lymphocytes. Hillary D. White, Michael D. Robbins, and William R. Green ...... 2608-2619 A Deletion in the Friend Spleen Focus-Forming Virus env Gene Is Necessary for Its Product (gp55) To Be Leukemogenic. Naoko Watanabe, Masahiro Nishi, Yoji Ikawa, and Hiroshi Amanuma ...... 2678-2686 Serum-Neutralizing Antibody to VP4 and VP7 Proteins in Infants following Vaccination with WC3 Bovine Rotavirus. Richard L. Ward, Douglas R. Knowlton, Harry B. Greenberg, Gilbert M. Schiff, and David I. Bernstein 2687-2691 In Vitro Susceptibility of T Lymphocytes from Chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) to Human Herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6): a Potential Animal Model To Study the In- teraction between HHV-6 and Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 In Vivo. Paolo Lusso, Phillip D. Markham, Susan E. DeRocco, and Robert C. Gallo ...... 2751-2758 Analysis of Experimental Mink Enteritis Virus Infection in Mink: In Situ Hybrid- ization, Serology, and Histopathology. Ase Uttenthal, Steen Larsen, Ebba Lund, Marshall E. Bloom, Torben Storgard, and Soren Alexandersen ..... 2768-2779 Induction of Protective Immunity in Animals Vaccinated with Recombinant Vac- cinia Viruses That Express PreM and E Glycoproteins of Japanese Encepha- litis Virus. Atsushi Yasuda, Junko Kimura-Kuroda, Mami Ogimoto, Michiko Miyamoto, Tetsutaro Sata, Takanori Sato, Chizuko Takamura, Takeshi Kurata, Asato Kojima, and Kotaro Yasui...... 2788-2795 Mapping of B-Cell Epitopes of the Human Hepatitis B Virus X Protein. Marietta Stemler, Thomas Weimer, Zhen-Xing Tu, Da-Fang Wan, Massimo Levrero, Christina Jung, Gerd R. Pape, and Hans Will ...... 2802-2809 Role of N-Linked Glycans of Envelope Glycoproteins in Infectivity of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1. Emmanuel Fenouillet, Jean Claude Gluckman, Elmostafa Bahraoui...... 2841-2848 Human Immunodeficiency Virus Does Not Induce Interleukin-1, Interleukin-6, or Tumor Necrosis Factor in Mononuclear Cells. Jean-Michel Molina, David T. Scadden, Charlene Amirault, Annie Woon, Edouard Vannier, Charles A. Dinarello, and Jerome E. Groopman ...... 2901-2906 Hemagglutinin Mutations Related to Attenuation and Altered Cell Tropism of a Virulent Avian Influenza A Virus. Matthew Philpott, Catarina Hioe, Martha Sheerar, and Virginia S. Hinshaw ...... 2941-2947 Conformational Change of the Coronavirus Peplomer Glycoprotein at pH 8.0 and 37°C Correlates with Virus Aggregation and Virus-Induced Cell Fusion. Lawrence S. Sturman, Cynthia S. Ricard, and Kathryn V. Holmes...... 3042-3050

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Monoclonal Antibodies to the Peplomer Glycoprotein of Coronavirus Mouse Hep- atitis Virus Identify Two Subunits and Detect a Conformational Change in the Subunit Released under Mild Alkaline Conditions. David G. Weismiller, Lawrence S. Sturman, Michael J. Buchmeier, John 0. Fleming, and Kathryn V. Holmes...... 3051-3055 Evidence Suggesting that Virulence Maps to the P1 Region of the Coxsackievirus B4 Genome. Arlene Ramsingh, Angela Hixson, Barry Duceman, and Jill Slack...... 3078-3081 Biological Characterization of Human Monoclonal Antibodies to Rabies Virus. Bernhard Dietzschold, Milind Gore, Paolo Casali, Yuji Ueki, Charles E. Rupprecht, Abner L. Notkins, and Hilary Koprowski...... 3087-3090 Mechanism of Antibody-Mediated Viral Clearance in Immunotherapy of Respira- tory Syncytial Virus Infection of Cotton Rats. Gregory A. Prince, Val G. Hemming, Robert L. Horswood, Patricia A. Baron, Brian R. Murphy, and Robert M. Chanock...... 3091-3092

ERRATUM Novel Use of Polymerase Chain Reaction To Amplify Cellular DNA Adjacent to an Integrated Provirus. Jonathan Silver and Vijaya Keerikatte ...... 3150

Date of Issue: 14 May 1990