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R Official Use Only) t ---1\ ) (FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY) R\ ~Z.-3 GOVERNMENT OF INDIA Pre Investment Survey of Forest Resources 25, Subhash Road DEHRA DUN Report on Plywood Resources of Singalila And Tonglu Ranges of Darjeeling Division, West Bengal 1975 .. _REPORT ON PLYHo('lD RES"URCES OF STNGA.LTLA AHD_j1)..NGUI JlAtIGE:S._0F DARJEELING DIVISlnN~EST BENGAL. C Q N.J._l/_ N T ,§_ , PREFACE CbaP:t!e~J.- 1 Intrnc1uctitjrl •• 1.2 Objectives •• 1 5 1.3 kre:1. Stat en ent •• 4 1.4 Locnl fe~tures •• CI1.qpter IL.. Design •• ~ gVl])j;~ IlL.. 10 Invent0ry •• 3.1 BIoclMise dis tr Ibut. ion o.f stcnl'l by dirmeter I1nd 10 utility clnsses. 5.2 Conput'1.tion of volune .. 13 5.5 Gross volune .. 18 '23 5.4 Cull study •• 3.5 Net vQlune .. 25 Ch3"uter-:Ql. Logging and trnnsp0rt studies •• 26 QJnntet"- L Utilisatiori of raw rl.3.terials. .~. 31. 1.IST OF FIGURES Figure 1. - Prr)ject arell in Ibrjeel:ing Forest Division (vlest Benglll) Singalila & Tonglu R:Ulges ,(Scale 1" = 1 mile) Figure .2. Project o.rcci. shqwing grid points. Figure 5. Orientntion ('If the plots in the grid centre. Figure 4. - Bnrdiagrrons showing di.<lIDetor class distributit;ln of trees utility c1:asswise. illT' OF TABLES TobIe 1. - Area statement Table 2. - Percent8ge distribution (If slopes. Tqble o. _ Percentl1ge distribution .of d,ifforent categories cf stoniness' :in soil{3. Tnbls 4. - Table ShO\Oling the dj_strib\~tion of depth "f ihe profllos e~«'U'1ined. Table 5. - Roads. Table 6. - Allocntinn of pll)ts to different blociks. Table 7. Blockwise distribution of ster:1S by dinnetcr nnd utili~J' clos~]es - (Est:iJl1ates) • T/3.ble 8. GeR~ral Volume equl1tions for plywood. - . Table 9. - General Volmo equnti"'ns for total t:ir.lber. Table 10. - Loq.ql Volume equrttions for. plywood. Table U. - Local. Volul'1o equ'1tions for. total t:imber. Table 12. - Gross tott.l volume' :in Dqrjeeling Project !lrea 1974 Table 13. Gross plywood volUme in D0rjeelfng Project area 1971 / - T'1ble i4. - Totnl t:iJ;l.D'.r volume :In Darjeelfng Project area 1974 Tnble 15. - $!,nllwood volume in Inrje.el:l.ng Project area 1974 Table 16. - Gross volume for v~rinus categories of wood. j_'able 17. - St3nding culls in the forests •. Table 18. - Net volume of different categories in Project area. 'rable 19. - Logging costs. Table m. Table showing transporting cost of t:iJaber from varirlUs loading depots .to proposed :industria:" sites. fREFACE The \ole st Benga:L Forest Direc tora te carried 0 ut the re sources s1L.~vey of t.he forest a,raas of S:ingal:il.a and Tong]. u Ranges of Darj eeli1'lg Division of Hest Bengal during j270-71. The repol~t has since been publis.~ed in the BUlletin No.47 pt. I & II of tbe 'Vlest Bengal FoJ:'est Directat-ate. Since tile design for the survey was adopted on an a.~hoc basis, the ~1est Bengal .Threst Directorate requested the Preinves"t:uent survey of Fbrest Resources organization to underte.lce a survey on proper design. The main function of the survey was to determme the availab:iJ.ity of U1Y'JDOd raw material at a precision· of.:!' lO% at ~5% probatrlJ.ity ..level. - \<JhiJ_e Cal"l"y:ing out the S1.L:"vey, besides preparation of forest :inventory :information, efforts "lere made to study (1) economics of logg:ing and trans­ port of plyvood ravT material s to ·t..~e tID alternative sit,es, Jtiz. SUiguri aPd .Ra.L1a.U1, (2) d.iQ.Llater distl'il:ution 0 f plY\JOod ~ecies and others, and (5) cull s tudie s. As a result of this survey it has now b~en said that a ·~t:lli1ercial plY'\TOod factory requiring more than 16,000 m p.er year of ply logs can be sustained easily. This quantity of pl~od raw materi8l is available ann Ual.ly after meet:ing the existing CX)IlILliilnen ts. As a ·resul t of the logging studies, it has beel1 found ttlat Ra!nam \dll be a better 5ite far the factory_ It is, however, suggested that for siting the mlll etc. a detailed feasi­ bility study may be carried out before gomg in for financing such a pro gralarle. This is almost the first report prepared by the new Eastern Zone of the preinvestmen t survey of Forest Rss8urccs organization under the CJ.'1a,rgo of Dr. A.IC. Banerjee. Th.~ work of Dr. Banerjee and his staff deserves apprecia­ tion partLcuJ.al·lY ,ben it had to be done v,d.-t;hout the availability of aerial pho tographs. liad the photog::"aphs been avalla1:il..e the lP~k \olOuld have been a little quicker and probably the area figures1l1ould have been i1l)re accurate. But mspite of everything it can safelY be assull.ed that the errors, if any, are :in aigni fic an t. (Ra1ESi CHANDRA) CHIEF COORDJlilATOR. _C HAP T E R - 1-..... IN '£ RO DU GTlON 'rne forest areas of Singalila and Ta..~glu ranges in Darj ealing Division of West Bengal are 6i tuated :in t.l13 nortl1 western oorner of the state, tordering Nc-pal and Sikld.m. Even though some plantations were raised as early as in 1.920 and c1earfelling fellowed by pla.nting is being continued, .:.he operation is on a very limitadw.tl,o because of the difficulties of accessibility and e~loitatismo . In the lastdacndD a number of roads ha.ve "'been bull t and °the Hoot Bengal. FbroRt Gor.l;'"loro.tiqn which has taken over these areas recei.1.tJoY have pla):ls to widen the existing road and to laYout new ones. Ass ~ resul t of this dave1.oo ent, the locked-up forest resources fo these rang: m tion wi.11 De soon availabl"E:j far exploitation and therAf.'ora in:f.r.:r'Jilll on rel~able _).'e~otl:rc~B_ in~t-..()l'Y hR.s assUlliod impOl."t~ce. The ~Jer:;t J3enga.1 -Forss:C -Dll~ec-~ora is oomp)etecf the re rource s survey of these regions in the Y3a;r 1.970-71 and cOIl\iilad a l"'eport ..rhich 'VIas published by tha H.B. Forest Diroc°to:..~ate as M..letin No. 47 pt. I & II (1). '.['he desien for tilis surwy was adopkd on a):l ad-hoc basis and ti1e publis..1.ed report dOGS not. clam aJJ.Y q)<;,cific accu.. ~aCY. \:Jest Bengal Forest Dil"ecto:..~atet t.1.e:"~8fore, requosted the Preinv0stment 6urvoy of Forest R8sources OrgaJlisa­ tion °to undertake this job and indicated preference for get..,ing certain q:>ccific in fonna.tion , on the reso'l.U'C s of t ..'1.e area, -which has been indi~ted later inthe report. 'Ihe present work 'Wlas taken ~) in t.he field and camplotcd ootween November 1.974 to D::;,cenber 1974~ '!he !orests of the al"'oa generally belong to Ihe middle hUl t forests corrofPonding to Cl1ai.'!l!)ion and Seth IS (-2) ,8 B/Gl (Ea.s HimalaYan subt.r()1')ical wet hill forz,sts), U!)~)ei' hill for~sts cor:..~eSJond:ing -co 'I\1per hill ior3sts II B/ 01 (East H:i.mal~Yan wet t.conpel.·ate Fore;ts)" They are oo!llposcd of' a large number of broadleavad s,?8cies and fu.. ·ee fPscies name1;y T~~ baccata, Tsugfl. a::E!lq~..§. and ~b~e~ dens~of the coniferous gro~. 1 .. 2 '!he 0 bj actives of t;.19 survey are enumerated below:- Datel'Dlination of sta-nding plywood volUOle at Ii precision of 1) + 10% a.t 95~ pro bability level. TIle ~ecies considered suitable fOl~ plYvJQod (local names in bracket) are :- 1. Acer e ~ bellii (Kapaai) 2. ,Alnus onapaulansis (Utis) 5. Beilscluaiedia ~. (1arsing) 4~ symingtonia l)opulnea (Pi~)li) 5.. Castanop sis tribuloides. & C. hystrix (Katus) •••••••••• 2. 6. Cinnamomum ::p. (5i8Si) 7 ~ Elaeocai:l)us.lancea~folius (Bhadrase) 8. ~rachilufj edulis (Lap cheka1o/la) 9.. MaCl1.ilus ga):nmiena (auplo katiLa) In. Hachiius ()dol~atiss:i..ma (Lalikaula) 11. Al c:U:u8,.L"1dra Ca thcart,5i (Tite cham.:;» , 12.. Nichelia excelsa (Mi the champ) 13. Nyssa ~ensiliUora. (Lekh chilauni) 14~ PrtJpus nepauJ..ensis (Arupa·te) 15. Quercus lunellosa (Buk) 16. Quercus linaat.a (Phalant) 17. phoebe ~)ecies (Angare) 18. CGdrela species ('roon) 19. Betula ~Jecies (Bhujpat ) 2). Hicllclia lanuginosa (Phausre champ) 21. .Eugelhardtia ~ica ta (Nauwa) 22. Echino Carpus dasYCaliJus (Go bre) 2'1. Ta...... us baccata. 25. l'langnolia Caiap bellil (Ghcge champ) 26. Tsuga dUl110sa (Te.."lgresal1a) Zl • Abie s den sa (Go bra sall a) 28. ·;lhododcnd:t-ons (GuraSt chitlvl et<;.). others : Non1;>lywood. 'lhe study of °Gha economics of loggmg and tj,~aJHport of plyw,od raw matel~ia1s from tha for~sts -to tw al tSJ.:'llati va sites naJ11ely Sllliguri and ilalna;rn (See Fig.1) ..••••• ••• 5. -5- 3) prS'J..,::>a11ation of diamo'Ger distribution c.11 :r~s: of plywood and r0 t ..1. 8r I f'!' e cia s.. 4) CUll study The range~ :in the r'1"'Oj €let al'ea are divided in-l:.o a number of forest hlo cks. The net areas fO:"1 enCl1. block have been calcu.1ated from tho de. til. ...available In Tat"l tl1 \T01'k:Ulg P Ian for the Darj eeling forest divisi on( 5) reduced by the areas vllic:.l hav.3 gone out of na"Cm'aJ_ forost stocking because of road buildinS, l)lan.
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