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Regulacija I Pristup Informacijama U Umreženom Društvu

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Regulacija I Pristup Informacijama U Umreženom Društvu Regulacija i pristup informacijama u umreženom društvu Vicković, Petra Master's thesis / Diplomski rad 2019 Degree Grantor / Ustanova koja je dodijelila akademski / stručni stupanj: University of Zadar / Sveučilište u Zadru Permanent link / Trajna poveznica: https://urn.nsk.hr/urn:nbn:hr:162:420061 Rights / Prava: In copyright Download date / Datum preuzimanja: 2021-09-26 Repository / Repozitorij: University of Zadar Institutional Repository of evaluation works Sveučilište u Zadru Odjel za informacijske znanosti Diplomski sveučilišni studij informacijskih znanosti - knjižničarstva Petra Vicković Regulacija i pistup informacijama u umreženom društvu Diplomski rad Zadar, 2019. Sveučilište u Zadru Odjel za informacijske znanosti Diplomski sveučilišni studij informacijskih znanosti - knjižničarstva Regulacija i pristup informacijama u umreženom društvu Diplomski rad Student/ica: Mentor/ica: Petra Vicković dr. sc. Josip Ćirić Zadar, 2019. Izjava o akademskoj čestitosti Ja, Petra Vicković, ovime izjavljujem da je moj diplomski rad pod naslovom Regulacija i pistup informacijama u umreženom društvu rezultat mojega vlastitog rada, da se temelji na mojim istraživanjima te da se oslanja na izvore i radove navedene u bilješkama i popisu literature. Ni jedan dio mojega rada nije napisan na nedopušten način, odnosno nije prepisan iz necitiranih radova i ne krši bilo čija autorska prava. Izjavljujem da ni jedan dio ovoga rada nije iskorišten u kojem drugom radu pri bilo kojoj drugoj visokoškolskoj, znanstvenoj, obrazovnoj ili inoj ustanovi. Sadržaj mojega rada u potpunosti odgovara sadržaju obranjenoga i nakon obrane uređenoga rada. Zadar, 26. travanj 2019. Sažetak: Razvoj informatičkog društva dovodi do stvaranja novih organizacijskih vrijednosti u kojima informacije postaju neophodne za sve vrste poslova i aktivnosti čovjeka poput trgovine, obrazovanja, znanosti, demokracije, slobode i brojnih drugih. Informacije omogućuju ostvarenje pojedinca kroz niz aktivnosti uz vještine informacijske pismenosti i kritičkog mišljenja. Nadalje, želi se ukazati na ograničenja pri upotrebi informacija kojima se nastoji ograničiti pravo svakog pojedinca na slobodan pristup informacijama te se prikazuju primjeri takvih ishoda. U radu će prikazati na koji se način pojedinac ili grupa može izboriti za informacije koje su im onemogućene, a sastavni su dio njegova prava da im pristupi i da ih koristi. U ovom radu osvijetlit će se problem uskraćivanja informacija u znanosti i visokom obrazovanju te ispitati kakvu ulogu u tome imaju knjižnice. Istražit će se i percepcija studenata o regulaciji i pristupu informacijama. Ključne riječi: umreženo društvo, informacija, regulacija, pristup, manipulacija informacijama, knjižnice Sadržaj 1. Uvod ......................................................................................................................... 1 2. Informatička revolucija ............................................................................................ 2 3. Umreženo društvo .................................................................................................... 4 3.1. Informacije u umreženom društvu .................................................................... 5 4. Paradoks prava na slobodan pristup informacijama ................................................ 6 4.1. Znanstveno izdavaštvo ..................................................................................... 7 4.2. Ilustracija: DAN KNJIGE ................................................................................ 7 4.3. PRIMJERI ........................................................................................................ 9 5. Internet kao instrument kapitalizma ....................................................................... 11 5.1. Posjedovanje informacije - posjedovanje stvarnosti ...................................... 12 5.2. Virtualna stvarnost .......................................................................................... 13 5.3. Moć i protumoć u umreženom društvu ........................................................... 14 5.4. Moć knjižnica u umreženom društvu ............................................................. 15 6. Knjižnice i intelektualna sloboda ........................................................................... 17 6.1. Komisija za slobodan pristup informacijama i slobodu izražavanja .............. 19 6.2. Slobodan pristup informacijama u visokoškolskim knjižnicama ................... 20 6.3. Javno zagovaranje za knjižnice i primjeri dobre prakse ................................. 21 6.4. Primjer dobre prakse ....................................................................................... 23 6.5. O korupciji, transparentnosti i knjižnicama .................................................... 25 7. Pravo na pristup informacijama u knjižnicama...................................................... 26 7.1. Primjer dobre prakse ....................................................................................... 27 7.2. Biblioteke iz sjene .......................................................................................... 29 8. Otvoreni pristup ..................................................................................................... 31 8.1. Otvoreni pristup publikacijama i istraživačkim podacima u Hrvatskoj ........ 35 9. Suprotstavljanje načinu manipuliranja i uskraćivanja informacija ........................ 37 9.1. Umreženi društveni pokreti ............................................................................ 37 9.2. Hakeri ............................................................................................................. 38 9.3. Primjeri: .......................................................................................................... 39 9.4. Guerilla Open Access Manifest i knjižnice .................................................... 45 10. Rezultati i rasprava ................................................................................................ 46 10.1. Metodologija ................................................................................................... 46 10.2. Rezultati .......................................................................................................... 47 10.3. Anketa – kraća forma ..................................................................................... 48 11. Zaključak ................................................................................................................ 56 12. Literatura ................................................................................................................ 58 1. Uvod Informacijske i komunikacijske tehnologije su već dugo implementirane u svakodnevni društveni i ekonomski život čovjeka. One oblikuju naše društvo koje nazivamo globalno, umreženo društvo ili društvo znanja. Kao nova paradigma koja je nastala sredinom 20. stoljeća uvela je brojne promjene u gospodarsko i društvenom kontekstu. Očekivanja nove paradigme vezana su uz bolji pristup informacijama, napredak društva, produktivnosti rada i dobrobiti društva. S obzirom na takva poticajna očekivanja vezana uz informatičku revoluciju i razvoj modernog, umreženog društva središnja tema rada vezana je uz problem informacije kao glavne značajke razvoja takvog društva i globalne informacijske infrastrukture. Na početku rada u poglavljima „Informacijsko društvo“ i „Informacije u umreženom društvu“, osvjetljava se činjenica da takozvano društvo znanja koje je svakodnevno okruženo velikim brojem informacija ne mora nužno biti dobro informirano. Problemi s kojima se svakodnevno susrećemo su pristup i regulacija informacija. Premda razvoj tehnologije uistinu pospješuje svakodnevni život pojedinca i doprinosi društvenom, ekonomskom, političkom, kulturnom i obrazovnom životu ostavlja se pitanje kako će se dalje razvijati današnje društvo ako se ne ostvaruje glavne njegove značajke poput distribucije i korištenja informacija. Također, želi se ukazati na ograničenja pri upotrebi informacija kojima se nastoji ograničiti pravo svakog pojedinca na slobodan pristup informacijama te se prikazuju primjeri takvih ishoda. Više o tome govorit će se u poglavlju „Paradoks prava na slobodan pristup informacijama“ , a u poglavlju „Znanstveno izdavaštvo“ detaljnije će se pojasniti problem nedostupnosti i regulacije informacijama u znanosti. Spomenuti će se knjižnica i njena uloga u zaštiti i pružanju informacija u umreženom društvu uz primjere dobre prakse. Zatim će se govoriti o Otvorenom pristupu u Hrvatskoj i izazovima s kojima se susrećemo. Na kraju teorijskog dijela pojasnit će se na koji način je moguće suprotstavljanje manipuliranju i uskraćivanju informacija, a posljednje poglavlje posvećeno je borcima za slobodu informacija i njihovim doprinosima u društvu. Nakon teorijskog dijela slijedi prikaz istraživanja koje je provedeno putem on-line ankete u kojoj smo ispitali odnos i mišljenje studenata o regulaciji i pristupu informacijama u umreženom društvu. 1 2. Informatička revolucija Posljednja dva desetljeća 20. stoljeća razdoblje je novih radikalnih promjena, nove društvene i tehnološke paradigme. Izuzetno je važno reći kako je ono obilježeno informatičkom revolucijom koja je unijela promjene u gospodarsko i društveno okruženje. Proces kao što je to informatička revolucija počeo se širiti obuhvaćajući tako sva područja ljudskog djelovanja poput industrije, medicine, menadžmenta, medija i drugih. Kada govorimo o informatičkoj revoluciji govorimo u kontekstu povijesnog procesa koji
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