Before the Industrial Revolution (1770 – 1850), the main source of was human waste and bad sanitation.

 Cholera – (water) Diarrhea & vomiting  Typhoid – (water) High fever & bleeding  Typhus – (lice) High fever, joint pain, severe headaches  Tuberculosis – (living conditions + pollution) Bloody cough & fever  Rickets - (pollution blocking the sun) Skeletal deformities

 312 BCE - Romans constructed aqueducts to get clean drinking water  100 BCE – Increased metallurgy and large-scale agriculture produced noticeable amounts of methane; noticed  1273 – Edward I told Londoners to stop burning sea-coal.  1347 – The Black Death (spread by fleas) killed abt 1/3 of all Europeans. Florence, Italy began cleaning its streets.  1575 – First deep coal mine constructed (Scotland)  1577-1579 – Typhus outbreak in England killed 10% of population.  1775 – Sir Pott identified carcinoma in chimney sweeps  1793 - Yellow Fever Outbreak in Philadelphia  1800 – Wooden props first used to support roof of coal mines  1815 – Mt.Tambora, Indonesia (largest volcano)  1830-1851 Second Cholera Pandemic  1842 – Women, girls & boys under 10 yrs forbidden to mine in England  1846-1849 – Typhus epidemic in Ireland (along with the Great Famine

 Mid 1850a – Chicago built first major system in US (very first in Hamburg, Germany); discovered  Cholera struck London (John Snow traced it to a contaminated well)  WWI – Typhus caused 3 million deaths in Russia  1936 Cuyahoga River in Cleveland caught fire  DDT used worldwide to help combat typhus and malaria  Manufacture and demand for synthetic materials (plastics)  Radioactive fallout from atomic warfare and testing  1955 – Control Act  1966 – Detroit, Michigan nuclear power plant meltdown  1972 – Control Act  1975 – Catalytic converter invented, enabling cars to use unleaded gasoline  1979 – Three Mile Island, PA nuclear plant meltdown  1985 – British Antarctic Survey discovered hole in the layer  1987 – – almost eliminating use worldwide

 1988 – The Great Pacific Patch predicted (found in 1999)  1989 – Exxon Valdez in Alaska  1990 – Oil Pollution Act & Clean Air Act  2003 – Environmental Protection Agency established  Carbon dioxide, CO2

 Sulfur dioxide, SO2  Hydrochloric acid, HCl  Hydrogen fluoride, HF

 Hydrogen sulfide, H2S  Carbon monoxide, CO

 Methane, CH4

 Littering   Radioactive contamination  (temp changes in water)  Visual pollution (power lines, billboards, strip mining, etc.)  Water pollution  U.S. temperatures increased 2°F + in past 50 years  Precipitation increased 5%  Extreme weather events more frequent and intense  Oceanic storms have increased in intensity  Sea levels are rising  Arctic sea ice is declining

(source: U.S. Global Change Research Program)

Certain gases in the atmosphere block heat from escaping.  Water vapor  Carbon dioxide  Methane  Nitrous oxide  Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs)  Variations in solar energy  Volcanic eruptions

(Source: NASA)

 Change light bulbs to Energy Star qualified products  Change air filters regularly, use programmable thermostat  Use water efficiently  Reduce, reuse, recycle  Composting  Walk or bike more  Unplug appliances when not in use

 Before the Industrial Revolution, what was the main source of pollution?  What 3 types of pollution began as a direct result of WWII?  Name 3 compounds which cause air pollution.  What are some other types of pollution?  What is the connection between the Greenhouse Effect and Climate Change?  What are 2 natural and 2 man-made causes of the Greenhouse Effect?