20Th Session, 2019

LONDON INTERNATIONAL MODEL UNITED NATIONS 2019 CONFERENCE HANDBOOK 22·23·24 February 2019 Useful Information for LIMUN 2019

Links to Locations:

King’s College London- Waterloo Campus Stanford St, Lambeth London SE1 9NH

Southbank Centre Belvedere Rd, Lambeth, London SE1 8XX

Grand Connaught Rooms 61 - 65 Great Queen St London WC2B 5DA

Talk to us via Messenger m.me/limunconference

Emergency Number: 999 LIMUN operates a zero-tolerance drug policy throughout the conference and at all above venues. LONDON INTERNATIONAL MODEL UNITED NATIONS

20th SESSION 2019

DELEGATE HANDBOOK

LIMUN.ORG.UK FB.COM/LIMUNCONFERENCE

All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form by any means or stored in any information retrieval system without the explicit permission in writing of London International Model United Nations Foundation. London International Model United Nations Founda- tion has made every effort to ensure that the information contained within this handbook is reliable, but makes no guarantee of its accuracy or complete- ness and does not accept liability for any loss, injury or damage resulting from errors contained within this handbook or resulting from misuse of this handbook. Changes may be made to the schedule and other conference details herein and participants should consult Delegate Services for possible changes. London International Model United Nations Foundation is a Registered Charity in England and Wales (Registration Number 1159324)

1 Welcome to London, Welcome to LIMUN

Welcome to London, one of the most international, multicultural and fascinating cities in the world.

It is also home to LIMUN, the largest university-based MUN conference in Eu- rope and one of the largest in the world.

Our diversity, size and the quality of our debates is brought about by the different people who we welcome each year to our conferences.

Whether it is your umpteenth time, or just your first, we hope you enjoy your stay and look forward to showing you the most of our amazing city and conference. London is a magical city to visit, and through our venues and socials, we hope we showcase to you the truly special nature of this historic city.

We hope you make the most of your weekend here with us, to return home with experiences that will stay with you forever. And we hope that these experiences bring you back to a conference that you can call home.

With kind regards, The LIMUN 2019 Secretariat

2 Conference Schedule

Friday 22nd February Central Hall Westminster: Delegate Registration (Central Hall Westminster, Foyer) 10:00 - 13:30 Guided Tours of Westminster (Leaving at 10:30; 10:50; 11:10) 10:00 - 12:00 Rules of Procedure Training 1(South Rotunda) 10:15 - 11:00 Careers in the United Nations (The Great Hall) 11:00 - 12:00 Rules of Procedure Training 2 (South Rotunda) 12:15 - 13:00 The LIMUN Network (South Rotunda) 12:50 - 13:15 Opening Ceremony (Great Hall Westminster, Central Hall) 13:30 - 15:30 Meet and Greet with Guest Speakers (Great Hall) 15.30 - 16:00

King’s College London - Waterloo Campus Late Registration (Secretariat Room) 16:45 - 20:15 Committee Sessions 18:00 - 20:00

Friday Social: Optional Friday Social 20:30 - LATE

Saturday 23rd February King’s College London - Waterloo Campus: Committee Sessions (including breaks and lunch) 09:00 - 18:00 Staggered Lunch Breaks 12:00 - 15:30 Interactive Feedback Session with Heads of Delegations / Faculty Advisors 18:15 - 19:15

Grand Connaught Rooms, Covent Garden: LIMUN Ball (Tickets required) 20:00 - 01:00

Sunday 24th February King’s College London- Waterloo Campus: Committee Sessions (including breaks and lunch) 10:00 - 16:00 Staggered Lunch Breaks 12:00 - 15:30

Southbank Centre - Queen Elizabeth Hall: Closing Ceremony (partially sponsored by SOAS, University of London) 17:00 - 19:00 Post Ceremony Queries (Secretariat Room) 19:00 - 19:30

3 Secretary-General, Charis Yeap Khai Leang

Honourable Guests, Chairs, Delegates and Friends,

It is with great pleasure that I welcome you to the 20th annual edition of the London International Model United Nations (LIMUN) conference. LIMUN was founded here in the glorious city of London by a group of eager students with a sincere passion for Model UN. This year, our organisation will be celebrating our twenty tremendous years with what the LIMUN team hopes to be a fulfilling and exciting conference weekend.

LIMUN 2019 promises to be a conference to remember! The team has been hard at work for the last year to introduce a variety of innovative ways to make LIMUN better. Based on the feedback that we’ve reviewed from pre- vious conferences, along with exploring new options, we have brought about changes worthy of a 20th Anniver- sary. Most notably, our venues and socials will be moving to the heart of London. We’ve relocated our committee sessions to the easily navigable King’s College London Waterloo Campus and additionally, we are adding gran- deur to the closing ceremony by moving to the stunning Queen Elizabeth Hall at Southbank Centre. For the Friday social, unlike any we’ve ever hosted, we’re letting you decide how you want to spend the night with your old and new friends. And of course, to complement the new changes, we’re also bringing back a classic, the LIMUN Satur- day Ball will be returning to the Grand Connaught Rooms.

Beyond that, we’ve worked on the quality of debate this year by introducing committees that are relevant and unseen before, catering to every interest. The topics themselves are fresh and revolve around our theme this year, “Change in the Modern Era.” The importance of what you will be discussing this weekend has never been as urgent as it is now. The United Nations has an undeniably pivotal role as the world becomes more politically divid- ed than ever before. Around the world, active conversations regarding the issues of cyber technologies, gender equality, poverty eradication, international trade and many more are held in hopes for sustainable solutions and practices for the future. There is a real-life applicability to what you will be discussing as it affects the lives of billions every single day. Therefore, this is your chance to contribute to the topic by considering actions that you can carry on doing outside of Model UN in an effort to help further our progress towards attaining the Sustainable Develop- ment Goals.

Finally, I am sincerely grateful to the people who have made this LIMUN 2019 possible. Thank you to our LIMUN Foundation Trustees for your guid- ance and encouragement; sponsors for your generous support; volunteers for your vigorous dedication; chairs for your utmost professionalism; returning participants for your loyalty and feedback; and finally, new delegates for your willingness to join the LIMUN family. I am especially thankful for the wonderful people on the LIMUN Secretariat, you all constantly remind me what amazing things a team can achieve when they put their heart into it.

Welcome all to the community of engaged youths from all walks of life who strive torwards a sustainable world and stronger United Nations. I wish you all the best this weekend and good luck for what LIMUN inspires you to do after. Yours truly, Charis Yeap Khai Leang Secretary-General, LIMUN 2019

4 LIMUN Secretariat

Secretary-General Deputy Secretary-General

Charis Yeap Khai Leang Nusrath Hassan

Under -Secretary-General Under-Secretary-General Applications Chairing

Aggelina Tsilimpari Benjamin Cox

Chairing Officer Under-Secretary-General Communications Isabelle Heinemann Melissa Camilo

Under-Secretary-General Under-Secretary-General Finance Logistics

Rita Nasr George Mullens

Under-Secretary-General Under-Secretary-General Personnel Technology

Cecilia Kustermann Rishi Hindocha

5 LIMUN History

LIMUN, first known as LoMUN (London Model United Nations) until 2002, held its first conference in 2000, having been conceived by a group of University of London (UoL) students who had attended a Model UN Conference in 1999, in Cambridge (WorldMUN 1999). ‘Sitting in Pizza Express, they decided to set up one in London, so half a year later we had the first LIMUN’, recalled an inaugural LIMUN participant.

The first conference in 2000 involved about 200 delegates in over 5 committees. In 2007, this figure grew to about 500, and later to 700 over 12 committees in 2008. In 2009, LIMUN held its first milestone conference at King’s College London (KCL), celebrating its 10th anniversary with 800 delegates spread over 12 committees. Committees also expanded, to about 16 in 2011. 2012 marked a peak, as about 1,200 delegates were spread over 20 committees at Imperial College London, where the conference moved to.

In 2013, LIMUN introduced foreign languages committees to its roster and also began its tradition of hosting its opening ceremony at the Central Hall Westminster, the same venue of the first UN General Assembly. LIMUN 2015 saw a new conference high of 1800 participants and that number has been maintained for this conference.

The Conference you attend today, is the largest MUN in the world to simulate all six official languages of the United Nations and also employs one of the largest Chair- ing staff across 35 different committees. But at its heart, it is still a family homecom- ing, evident from the number of returning chairs and participants. And just as the first LIMUN in 2000, it is still an atmosphere for debate, discussion and discovery.

6 Important Things to Note

• Please carry your conference badge visibly with you at all times. You may be otherwise denied entry to the conference venue, the social events or the closing ceremonies. • Please carry government-issued photo IDs to the social events. Venues will be accepting IDs such as driving licences and passports. Please do NOT bring paper photocopies as proof of identification as these will not be accepted by our venues. • Dress code throughout the conference session is formal business attire.

Delegate Services During the conference, Delegate Services at King’s College London will be based in the secretariat room and will be online via m.me/limunconference for any queries/questions you may have.

Awards Policy At LIMUN delegates who truly excel in their committees, who show a profound understanding of the topics under discussion, an appreciation of diplomacy, mediation and negotiation, and who are able to lead their co-participants to a balanced resolution of the problems at hand, are recognised for their efforts and skill. At LIMUN, Daises nominate the deserving delegates in their committees for Diplomacy Awards.

Our Diplomacy Awards are given to those who embrace the principles of cooperation and dialogue throughout the diplomatic exercise that leads to the adoption of a resolution. As such, a delegate who ably makes subtle concessions while upholding their policy interests will be favoured by committee directors if he or she does so to work constructively towards resolution of the issues considered.

Above all, our Directors will be told to look out for delegates who truly espouse the ethos of the United Nations, and who seek collaboration and unity while furthering their own unique agenda.

Eligibility for awards is, however, conditional upon the submission of a Position Paper before the conference, and their presence is mandatory during all committee session.

While our Diplomacy Awards celebrate the ideals we embrace within delegates, we also recognise the outstand- ing group efforts made by delegates attending the conference. This is carried out in the form of our Delegation Awards which form part of the Secretary-General Awards. This is given to a delegation that excels through par- ticipation, awards achievement and other criteria chosen by the Secretary-General.

7 The Rt Hon. Patricia Scotland QC Secretary-General of the Commonwealth

The Rt Hon. Patricia Scotland QC, who took office as Secretary-General of the Commonwealth in April 2016, serves the 53 governments and 2.4 billion people of the Commonwealth.

Born in Dominica, she moved to the UK at an early age and was brought up in a large close-knit Caribbean family where she was taught the importance of hard work, education, pride in her heritage and the obligation to give back to the region of her birth and to the society in which she was raised. This ethic has guided her throughout her dynamic career in law, public service and politics.

A lawyer by profession, she became the first black and youngest woman ever to be appointed Queen’s Coun- sel. She is the only woman since the post was created in 1315 to be Attorney General for England and Wales, and was also Attorney General for Northern Ireland.

Appointed to the House of Lords as Baroness Scotland of Asthal in 1997, she has been Alderman for Bishops- gate Ward in the City of London since 2015, and Chancellor of the University of Greenwich since 2014.

About the Commonwealth

The Commonwealth is a family of 53 independent sovereign states, and home to 2.4 billion people. Building on the Commonwealth Advantage of shared inheritances, and similarities of law and administration, its members are committed to creating a more inclusive, sustainable, and resilient future for all.

The people and institutions of the Commonwealth work together through a broad range of intergovernmental, civil society, cultural and professional organisations committed to shared the values and principles of the Com- monwealth Charter that cherish equality of opportunity and celebrate diversity.

The Commonwealth Secretariat works alongside member countries to promote democracy and good governance. Justice, with respect for human rights under rule of law, is understood as the foundation both for economic development with sustainable growth, trade and investment, and for inclusive social progress – particularly through the empowerment of women and youth.

8 The Rt Hon. Lord Mark Malloch-Brown LIMUN Honorary President The Rt Hon. Lord Mark Malloch-Brown KCMG is a former number two in the United Nations as well as having served in the British Cabinet and Foreign Office. He now sits in the House of Lords and is active both in business and the non-profit world. He also remains deeply involved in international affairs.

He served as Deputy Secretary-General and Chief of Staff of the UN under Kofi Annan. For six years before that he was Administrator of the UNDP, leading the UN’s development efforts around the world. He was later Minister of State in the British Foreign Office, covering Africa and Asia, and was a member of Gordon Brown’s cabinet. Other positions have included Vice-Chairman of George Soros’s Investment Funds, as well as his Open Society Institute, a Vice-President of the World Bank and the lead international partner in a political consulting firm. He also has served as Vice-Chairman of the World Economic Forum. He began his career as a journalist at The Economist.

Malloch-Brown sits on several commercial boards and is a Senior Advisor to FTI Consulting, where he previously led its EMEA practice. He also chairs or is on the board of non-profts including the International Crisis Group, the Open Society Foundation, the Children’s Invest- ment Fund Foundation and the Centre for Global Development. He is furthermore a Distin- guished Practicioner of the Blavatnik School of Government at Oxford University and was formerly a visiting distinguished fellow at the Yale Centre for the Study of Globalisation. He is the author of The Unfinished Global Revolution and continues to write, broadcast and lecture about international issues. As Honorary President, Lord Malloch-Brown supports the work of the LIMUN Foundation in diverse ways.

9 Opening Day

The Opening Ceremony for 2019 will involve the 20th Anniversary celebration of LIMUN and a tribute to the City of London. It will also include speeches by our invited guests and the ceremonial opening of the Conference. Before the Ceremony, we have the following events:

Registration at Central Hall Westminster Registration will take place between 10:00 and 13:30 on Friday 22nd February in the Main Foyer of Central Hall Westminster. This is when Head Delegates can pick up the Delegate Packs for their Delegations and pay for or pick up Social Packs.

Guided Tours of Westminster The first day of LIMUN takes place at the illustrious Central Hall Westminster (CHW) where back in 1946, the very first meeting of the United Nations General Assembly was held. At LIMUN, we en- deavour to share this historic location and therefore have the pleasure of offering Guided Tours of Westminster to all interested delegates.

Late Registration at King’s College London - Waterloo Campus Late Registration will be available on the Friday before and during Committee Sessions, between 16:45 and 20:15, at the Secretariat Room. Volunteers will also be available throughout the conference for assistance to Delegates and Head Delegates. For any questions, please email [email protected].

10 Opening Day Side Events

Rules of Procedure Training The Rules of Procedure training, led by members of the LIMUN Staff, is designed for Delegates who might want to get some expertise before the conference starts. Due to the high demand, we will be offering two of the same sessions – the first starting at 10:15, the second starting at 12:15.

Careers In The United Nations LIMUN offers participants a unique opportunity to learn about making their own career path in the United Nations. We are delighted to welcome Martin Barber OBE and Maggie Heraty OBE to discuss ‘Working for and with the United Nations - advice to those seeking an international career’. Doors will open at 10:45 and this will involve a Q&A.

The LIMUN Network Interested in joining the LIMUN network? Interested in applying for the LIMUN Secretariat? This is your opportunity to talk to a Secretariat member and/or a member of our Board of Trustees about the LIMUN Foundation, our projects and Secretariat applications for 2020.

Meet and Greet With Guest Speakers LIMUN offers a truly unique opportunity, unparalleled by any other Model United Nations conference, enabling participants to informally meet with diplomats from various countries. This would include highly-esteemed guests such as Lord Mark Malloch-Brown and Baroness Scotland.

11 Friday Social

Friday 22nd February

For Friday Socials, we will be organising several types of activities and providing recommendations for places to go for the night. Moving away from the reception style event, this year we will give the delegates the option to partake in night tours, pub crawls and food markets recommended and lead by members of the Secretariat and/or LIMUN Staff. We want to give you an experience unlike any other before by allowing you to decide what to do for the night, whether it be following one of our organised activities or heading off to do something of your own choice. Join us if you would like to get to know your fellow delegates in experiences designed to show you the different perspectives of the London life- style. Alternatively you can head home early to be well rested before committee sessions on Saturday. The best part is, either way, you will decide what your night will look like! If you would like to join us, these are the options available:

• Hawker House Food Market • LIMUN London Night Walking Tour • LIMUN London Harry Potter Sights Walking Tour • LIMUN Waterloo Pub Crawl • Recommendations for Nightclubs and Restaurants

12 LIMUN Ball

Saturday 23rd February (Grand Connaught Rooms)

We are proud that LIMUN’s flagship social event, our Delegates’ Ball, will be returning on the second day of the conference at the majestic Grand Connaught Rooms in London’s Covent Garden.

We invite our delegates to pick out their most elegant dress and their classiest tuxedos and join us for a night to remember in the heart of one of the most cosmopolitan cities in the world. Attendees will be treated to a welcome drink upon arrival, light food items, and a DJ playing varied music throughout the night. We will also have multiple bars to serve beverages.

Doors will open at 20:00 and the event will last until 01:00 at the Grand Connaught Rooms. There are two train stations near the venue: Holborn (Central and Piccadilly lines) and Covent Garden (Piccadilly line). The Central Line will be 24/7 during the weekend. Uber and Black Cab services are also readily available.

Social Pack Tickets can be purchased individually or in bulk. Tickets will have to be collected at Central Hall Westminster on the first day of the conference at the Socials Desk. It can also be bought or picked up at the Secretariat Room. All persons having purchased a ticket will have to provide their email address with which they made the purchase, and will have to demonstrate confirmation of purchase from PayPal (i.e. receipt of purchase)and Proof of ID.

*Please remember to bring your IDs and wristbands to the event.

13 Letter from the LIMUN Chairman

Dear Delegates,

Welcome to this very special 20th anniversary edition of the London International Model United Nations!

When the genesis of LIMUN was first envisaged in a Cambridge branch of Pizza Express during WorldMUN 1999, the hope was to bring to the UK and Europe an exciting international conference that would also spark a wider Model UN scene across the UK and Europe. This dream has now been realised and the position of Model UN as a powerful movement is stronger than ever with a vibrant circuit of multiple conferences located across the whole of Europe.

We are also proud of the many careers kickstarted, lifelong friendships forged, and individuals empowered by our programmes. Model UN remains a force for good in this ever-changing world, and all of you represent the best chance of a positive future for generations to come.

Indeed, the conference’s parent charity, The LIMUN Foundation of which I serve as Chairman, has expanded its outreach programmes including our LIMUN High School conference which aims to introduce Model United Nations as an extracurricular activity to a wider audience and make the world of Model United Nations an inclusive movement for all.

London remains a great choice as a host city for an international Model UN conference and we are positive that the London International Model United Nations will live to see another twenty years!

Enjoy this weekend, experience this weekend and most importantly cherish this weekend!

Best wishes,

Ikramul K. Choudhury Chairman of the Board of Trustees London International Model United Nations Foundation

14 Sponsors

We would like to thank our sponsors, Bryan Cave Leighton Paisner (BCLP) and SOAS, University of London for enriching our delegates’ experience.

SOAS University of London is the leading higher education in Europe specialising in the study of Asia, Africa and the Middle East. With our vast repository of knowledge and expertise on our specialist regions, we are uniquely placed to inform and shape current thinking about the economic, political, cultural, security and religious challenges of our world.

Our subject portfolio is broad, covering: Politics, Law, Finance and Management, Economics, Lin- guistics, Anthropology, Development Studies, Gender Studies, Religion and Philosophies and much more.

If you are interested in pursuing a career in diplomacy, our Masters programmes at the Centre for International Studies and Diplomacy equip you with the skills and knowledge you need to work for major international agencies, NGOs, charities or national governments. SOAS graduates have gone on to work for employers such as the United Nations, European Union, Amnesty International and the Foreign & Commonwealth Office.

In a world of shrinking borders, the international expertise of our graduates is highly valued by employers both in the UK and the wider world.

Visit www.soas.ac.uk to find out more. 15 Around the World to LIMUN Part of LIMUN’s appeal is the diversity that is reflected in the delegates that take part in our conference. We are proud to share where the over 1600+ participants at LIMUN, call home.

Aarhus Business College Vejlby Risskov FMV Ispartakule Isik High School Adams State University Gdynia Bilingual High School No. 3 Aix-Marseille University, Faculty of Law of Aix-en- Goldsmiths, University of London Provence Gothenburg University Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg Grenoble Ecole de Management - GEM ONU Amsterdam University College Hamburg University Ark Academy HEIP Paris Australian College of Business & Technology Help4help B Arsakeio Lykeio Psychiko Holland Park School be.boosted Hult International Business School Bielefeld University IDC Herzliya and Israeli MUN Association Birkbeck, University of London IEP Strasbourg Brunel University London Imperial College London Cardiff Sixth Form College Institut Catholique De Paris Cardiff University Institut d’études Politiques de Strasbourg CATS COLLEGE - Instituto de Estudios Superiores Institut Saint André Brussels de Monterrey Interdisciplinary Centre Herzliya, Israel Cavendish University Uganda International School of Management China Foreign Affairs University INTO London World Education Centre City University of London JCMUN College of Europe JMU Würzburg University Copenhagen Business School Kardan University Dartford Grammar School Kedge Business School De La Salle University-Manila Kendrick Grammar Delhi Public School Kharkiv State University of Food Technology Deusto University and Trade Dr Challoner’s High School Kings College London Durham University Kings Education London and Georges Ecole Hoteliere de Lausanne Washington University Ecole Nationale Polytechnique d’Alger / Big Kingston University London Mama Technology Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and EDHEC Business School Technology EPFL LankaBangla Finance Limited Faculdade de Direito da Universidade Católica Leiden University Portuguesa Leiden University College Faculté Libre de Droit Liaoning Shihua University Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences of Tunis Lingfield College Faculty of Medicine , Cairo University LISBOMUN Association Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University. London Metropolitan University Fast Track College London School of Economics

16 Luton Sixth Form College Université Paris-Sorbonne (Paris IV) Manchester Metropolitan University Université Toulouse Capitole Metropolitan University Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore MGIMO-University Università degli Studi di Milano Middlesex University University College Lahore Monmouth University University College London MUN Society Belgium University Mohamed Boudiaf - M’sila- Algeria Murdoch University University of Aberdeen New York University University of Buckingham Nonsuch High School for Girls University of Cambridge North London Collegiate University of Copenhagen Oran Algerie University of Deusto Ormiston Sandwell Community Academy University of East Anglia Padjadjaran University University Of East London Paris Sorbonne University Abu Dhabi University of Exeter Paris-Dauphine University of Geneva (UNIGE) , Switzerland Pearson College London University of Georgia Pinewood International School of Thessaloniki University of Glasgow Poli’Gones, University Jean Moulin Lyon 3 University of Gothenburg Princeton University University of Information Technology and Private Bilfen Kayseri Highschool Managment in Rzeszow, Poland Queen Anne’s School Caversham University of Kent Model United Nations Society Queen Mary University of London University of Nottingham Sciences-Po University of Peloponnese Sheffield Hallam University University of Piraeus Singapore Institute of Management University of Professional Studies, Accra SOAS, University of London University of Sheffield Southern Denmark University University of Siena, Italy Stockholm University University of Southampton Tale Highschool University of Southampton Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv University of Strasbourg The Academy for Talented Youth University of Surrey UNIST University of Sussex Universidad de Deusto University of the Philippines Universidad de Monterrey University of Warwick Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Faculdade University of Westminster de Direito University of York Universitas Diponegoro University of Zurich Universitas Islam Indonesia University Paris II Panthéon Assas Universitas Padjadjaran V. N Karazin Kharkiv National University Universitatea Bucuresti Venezuelan Delegation for Model United Nations Université Saint-Louis Bruxelles Vrije Universiteit Brussel Universiteit Gent Westminster International University in Tashkent Universität St.Gallen WKCIC / Middlesex Université Catholique de Louvain Yeditepe University Université Grenoble Alpes - AMEDIE Zian Achour Djelfa Algeria

17 LIMUN Team

Our Team is our Family. All of our volunteers are part of the organisation process. These are highly skilled individuals, without whose assistance this conference would be very much impossible. We would like to extend our thanks to the following groups:

The LIMUN Press Team Providing you with coverage of the committees at LIMUN 2019, the LIMUN Press Centre and our team of journalists, cinematographers and photographers are here to convey the news and high- lights each day to all LIMUN participants! Don’t forget to tweet at us @LondonMUN or tag us on instagram @limunconference using the hashtag #LIMUN2019 and #20YearsOfLIMUN

Logistics Staff Comprised of logistics and volunteers staff, these are the first line of defence! Our volunteering team is a hard-working group, responsible for the smooth running of every aspect of the conference.

LIMUN Ambassadors LIMUN Ambassadors are individuals that are enthusiastic and passionate who help create a diverse and inclusive environment during the conference. This global team collaborates with the secretariat to promote the LIMUN experience in their home countries.

South America | North America | Middle East | Africa | Asia

18 King’s College London-Waterloo Campus

Secretariat Room: Conservatory

Lunch Area: Restaurant Area

19 Beginner Committees

Disarmament and International Security Committee (G79) Director: Katrina Marina. Assistant Directors: Catalina Lopez Cuevas & Joanna Veimou| Email: [email protected] Topic A: Role of Private Military Companies (PMCs) in War Zones. Topic B: The Role of Civil Society in Demilitarising Post-Conflict Zones.

Social, Cultural and Humanitarian Committee (B5 Auditorium) Director: Ali Gardiner. Assistant Directors: Dea Gagoshidze & Niall Janssen| Email: [email protected] Topic A: Ensuring freedom of expression, association and assemly of LGBTQ+ people. Topic B: Creating a global plan of action to protect minority languages.

Special Political and Decolonisation Committee (G73) Director: Sharif Kazemi. Assistant Directors: Chris Hasbani & Dawid Hryniuck | Email: [email protected] Topic A: High Resolution Satellite Imaging - Human Security and the Question of Privacy. Secretariat Room: Topic B: Belt and Road Initiative - Addressing Concerns of ‘Recolonisation’. Conservatory UN Entity for Gender Equality and the Empowerment of Women (1.62) Director: Olga Komorowski. Assistant Directors: Victor Arribas Martinez & Sukanya Walhekar | Email: [email protected]. Lunch Venue: Topic A: Enhancing Sustainable Long-run Economic Development by the Empowerment of Women. Restaurant Area Topic B: Developing Multilateral Solutions to Promote Female Leadership in the Public Sphere. United Nations Development Programme (Stamford Street Lecture Theatre) Director: Natalie Chung. Assistant Directors: Jessica Savery & Jiselle Samaan| Email: [email protected] Topic A: Combating Slums and Encouraging New and Sustainable Solutions. Topic B: Violence Against Women in Armed Conflict.

United Nations Educational Scientific and Cultural Organisation (1.71) Director: Alex Melnik. Assistant Directors: Aliza Ayaz & Felipe De Sande Palma | Email: [email protected] Topic A: The Role of Women in Preventing Violent Extrimism (PVE). Topic B: Linking Science & Engineering to Society.

United Nations Environmental Programme (1.10) Director: Nikitas Terzoudis. Assistant Director: Bianca Getzel | Email: [email protected] Topic A: Reforming Environmental Governance for the Current Challenges of Global Sustainability. Topic B: Environmental Migration and Displacement.

United Nations Human Rights Council (1.60) Director: Eugenie Ferrier. Assistant Directors: Malcolm Wong & Christian Trenk| Email: [email protected] Topic A: Defining Acceptable Interrogation Techniques in Law Enforcement. Topic B: Should Assisted Suicide be Considered as a Legal Medical Practice.

United Nations High Commission on Refugees (2.81) Director: Sanduni Mudiyanse. Assistant Directors: Badshah Kazi & Mohammad Abid Qayumi| Email: [email protected] Topic A: The Impact of the Burundi Refugee Crisis on East African States. Topic B: Refugee Situation in Yemen.

20 Intermediate Committees

Internatinal Maritime Organisation (4.63) Director: Meshaal Choudhary. Assistant Director: Aida Maranaki| Email: [email protected] Topic A: Sustaining Seaborne Trade Flows Through Multilateral Trade Agreements. Topic B: IMO’s Strategic Coordination to Reduce up to Half of Carbon Emissions by 2050.

International Civil Aviation Organization (2.80) Director: Simon Cremer. Assistant Director: Ranjana Ravi| Email: [email protected] Topic A: Establishing Guidelines to facilitate the Expasion of the International Air Transport Network for Economic Development. Topic B: Defining and Implementing a Framework to Ensure Civil Aviation Safety in LEDCs.

International Fund for Agricultural Development (2.42) Director: Marguerite Lasalle. Assistant Director: Aisha Erenstein | Email: [email protected] Topic A: The 2019 Indigenous Peoples’ Forum. Topic B: GM Food & SMART Breeding in Light of Global Warming.

International Committee of the Red Cross (2.46) Director: Bennett Nightingale. Assistant Director: Shayma Shamo | Email: [email protected] Topic A: The Externalisation of Borders: Its Impact on the Refugee Crisis and Conlfict Zones. Topic B: Tackling Human Trafficking in Myanmar and Bangladesh amid Rohingya Crisis.

World Health Organisation (1.67) Director: Carolin Geis. Assistant Directors: Rigel Gomez & Jenny Lam | Email: [email protected] Topic A: Implementation and Regulation of Traditional, Complementary and Alternative Medicine (TCAM). Topic B: The Healthcare Challenges of an Ageing Population.

Economic and Social Council (2.43) Director: Lukas Hofmann. Assistant Director: Alkestis Giavridis | Email: [email protected] Topic A: Discussing and Regulating Currency Manipulation on a Global Level. Topic B: Dealing with the Influence of Monopolies in the Digital Market. Crisis Committee Crisis Director: Muhammad Arkan Diptyo. Assistant Directors: Maria Slobodina & Kevin Wang Cabinet Chairs: Rick Romanelli, Xuan Chen & Perth Ophaswongse | Email: [email protected] Topic: Asia 1945 - The Birth of Nations

Crisis Cabinet 1 - Japanese (3.145 (Fri) 1.63 (Sat & Sun)) Crisis Cabinet 2 - COMINTERN (4.176 (Fri) 1.65 (Sat & Sun)) Crisis Cabinet 3 - Allies (1.69)

21 Advanced Committees

North Atlantic Treaty Organisation (G80) Director: Chris Whitehouse. Assistant Directors: Geoff Glover & Leou Chen | Email: [email protected] Topic A: Developing a Strategy for NATO’s Southern Flank: Lybia and the Sahel Topic B: Expanding NATO Membership in the Balkans; the Accession of the Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia. Joint Session of the International Olympic and Paralympic Committees (2.40) Director: Emmanuel Tasos. Assistant Directors: Angel Navarrete & Simeon Onaji| Email: [email protected] Topic A: Combating State-sponsored Doping Programs and Illegal Practices From National Federations. Topic B: Reducing the Cost of Organisation for Olympic Host Cities and Improving Facility Sustainability. World Bank (1.11) Director: Prashant Garg. Assistant Director: Allen Haugh | Email: [email protected] Topic: Measuring Success: Reviewing Goals and Aims of Development Assistance International Court of Justice (5.132) Director: Christie Deng. Assistant Directors: Federica Vitale & Hoong Liang Hew| Email: [email protected] Topic: Iran vs. USA African Union (2.48) Director: Muqaddam Malik. Assistant Director: Mohamed Limame Malainine| Email: [email protected] Topic A: Finding Debt Management Solutionns. Topic B: An African Stance on the International Criminal Court. United Nations Office for Outer Space Affairs (1.70) Director: Amit Arkhipov-Goyal. Assistant Directors: Fariha Baba & Cheyma Azzouz | Email: [email protected] Topic A: Space-based Technologies for Sustainable Development. Topic B: Regulating Private Companies and Military Contractors in Space. UN Trusteeship Council - Historical (1.17) Director: Niels Boender. Assistant Director: David-Jan Bosschaert | Email: [email protected] Topic A: Negotiating Indigenous Nationalism. Topic B: Drafting a Trusteeship Agreement for Palestine. United Nations Security Council (1.21) Director: Mock Yi Jun. Assistant Director: Alfie Jenkins| Email: [email protected] Topic A: The Situation in DPRK. Topic B: The Question of South Sudan Civil War. League of Nations - Historical (3.52) Director: Stefan Bogensberger. Assistant Director: Phillipe Lefevre| Email: [email protected] Topic A: The Lytton Report. Topic B: A Mandated Plebiscite in Upper Silesia. India - Pakistan Bilateral Talks (1.14) Director: Sahajanya Balaganesh. Assistant Director: Ali Kermalli| Email: [email protected] Topic: Bilateral Talks between the Republic of India and the Islamic Republic of Pakistan. United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (1.13) Director: Pedra Rabiee. Assistant Director: Hamzah Sheikh| Email: [email protected] Topic: Humanitarian Coordination of the Syrian Civil War. Marvel Summit (1.16, 2.45) Council of Marvels Director: Daniel Gindis. Assistant Director: Rikke Udengaard| Email: [email protected] Topic A: Updating the Superhuman Registration Act. Topic B: Should we self-limit inter-dimensional travel?

UN Commission on Superhuman Activity Assistant Director: Florian Fermin & Lara Govea| Email: [email protected] Topic A: Updating the Superhuman Registation Act. Topic B: Should the UN ban the development of super soldiers? The LIMUN Social Project Committee (1.20) Consulting Director: Afolabi Adekaiyaoja. Assistant Director: Petros Petrikkos | Email: [email protected]

22 Language Committees

Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countires (G75) لورتبلل ةردصملا نادلبلا ةمظنم Director: Chahnaz Lagha. Assistant Director: Najdi Nacer | Email: [email protected] Topic A: Ensuring Oil Production in the Post-Arab Spring MENA Region. Topic B: Considering the Inclusion of New OPEC Member States.

Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (G76) (亚太经合会) Director: Tianhui Zhong. Assistant Director: Lou Chen | Email: [email protected] Topic A: Fostering Contructive Partnerships for Sustainable Security Against Trade-Related Corruption and Promotion Transparency. Topic B: Supporting the Creation of a Healthy Legal, Regulatory and Policy Environemnts for Electronic Commerce and MSMEs in the APEC Region.

United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction (2.47) (Bureau des Nations Unies pour la réduction des risques de catastrophe) Director: Apollon Thomopoulos. Assistant Director: Nina Guibere | Email: [email protected] Topic A: Promoting Technological Solutions to Food Sustainability. Topic B: Establishing an All-Inclusive Risk Reduction Strategy: Tackling the Vulnerability of Disadvantaged Social Groups.

Soviet Council for Mutual Economic Assistance - Historical (G70) (Сове́т Экономи́ ческой Взаимопо́ мощи) Director: Sasha Sternik. Assistant Director: Maryia Ditchowska | Email: [email protected] Topic A: The Discussion on Trade Tariffs in Aim to Fulfil Central Planning Goals. Topic B: Emergency Meeting Regarding the 1973 Oil Crisis.

LIMA Group (G72) (Grupo de Lima) Director: Arantxa Carrillo. Assistant Director: Antonio Garcia Gonzalez | Email: [email protected] Topic A: The Current Crisis in Venezuela.

23 Acknowledgements

We would like to express a sincere thanks to the LIMUN Board of Trustees for supporting us, the Secretariat, during the pre-conference planning and during the conference itself. Your commitment to the LIMUN Foundation has allowed us to grow and become an increasigly diverse and stonger community.

This Conference would also not have been possible without the hard work of the LIMUN 2019 Secretariat, aided and supported by the esteemed Logistics Staffers, Press Team, Ambassadors, Directors, and Assistant Directors.

Finally, a special thanks to our Under-Secretary-General Communications, Melissa Camilo, for overseeing the production of this handbook. We hope this conference will prove as enjoyable as possible to all attendees and or- ganisers.

24 Signatures

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