DOCSLIB.ORG

The Rust Belt

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
The Rust Belt America’s Siberia: An Introduction to the Rust Belt 14 April, 2017 Novosibirsk State Regional Scientific Library Presented by Brooks Rexroat Assistant Professor of English Marshall University, Huntington,W.V. Visiting Fulbright Scholar Novosibirsk State Pedagogical University 1 Where is the Rust Belt? 2 The Rust Belt: A History of the Name 1984 presiden.al candidate Walter Mondale is broadly credited with coining the term, which stuck as a largely derogatory term for blighted, post- industrial ci.es. In recent years, the term has come to stand for the resiliency of these communi.es, not their former hardships. 3 The Rust Belt: What Happened There? • A confluence of events: globalizaon, shiIed workforces, changing corporate strategies, and depleted resources in some regions. • A failure of communi.es to diversify. • An exodus of workers to other regions. Photo drawn from Ohio History Central 4 The Rust Belt: A Doomed System of Interconnection If ci.es originally thrived under single-industry produc.on, why did an en.re region falter instead of just select ci.es? The ci.es may have concentrated on a single produc.on method, but the en.re region was a system of heavy industry—each town connected to and sustained by its neighbor. As individual industries toSered, the en.re region buckled, unemployment skyrocketed, and those who could leave did so quickly, leaving the least skilled and most impoverished workers behind to cope with the wreckage of broken ci.es. 5 Rust Belt Cities and their Specialties Cleveland Ohio: Banking Hun.ngton, West Virginia: Railroad Cars and Coal Central Pennsylvania: Oil extrac.on Ashland, Kentucky: Oil refinery Charleston, W.V.: Chemical Produc.on PiSsburgh, Pennsylvania: Steel Produc.on Akron, Ohio: Rubber Produc.on Toledo, Ohio: Automo.ve Components Detroit: Vehicle Design and Produc.on Flint, Michigan: Automobile Assembly Dayton, Ohio: Aircra design and assembly 6 The Rust Belt: Key Traits • Single-industry towns, purpose-built for a now obsolete func.on • Heavy disparity between wealth and poverty. • Deep civic and regional pride. 7 The Rust Belt: A Turnaround Taking advantage of low property values in depressed areas, young and ambi.ous groups of ar.sans—called the “maker” class—have inhabited en.re neighborhoods and revitalized them with fresh ideas and diverse cultural and product offerings. hSps://www.youtube.com/watch? v=ketb0y7UV4U 8 Siberia and the Rust Belt: Similarities -Names with misinterpreted historical connotaons. -Wealth in resources have both helped and hindered the regions. -Deep regional pride. -Prominence of a primary local industry -ShiIing demographics -Natural beauty doSed by major ci.es -Youth-driven renaissance -Tourism for a blend of posi.ve and negave reasons 9 The Rust Belt in Photographs 10 The Rust Belt in Photographs 11 The Rust Belt in Photographs 12 The Rust Belt in Photographs 13 The Rust Belt in Photographs 14 The Rust Belt in Photographs 15 The Rust Belt in Photographs 16 The Rust Belt in Photographs 17 Questions and Contact [email protected] Facebook.com/BrooksRexroat Twier: @BrooksRexroat Blog: brooksrexroat.com/dispatches-from-siberia Blog Subscripon: Apple News, Keyword “Dispatches From Siberia” 18 .
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Competitive Pressure and the Decline of the Rust Belt: a Macroeconomic Analysis
    Competitive Pressure and the Decline of the Rust Belt: A Macroeconomic Analysis Simeon Alder David Lagakos Lee Ohanian Notre Dame UCSD and NBER UCLA and NBER August 29, 2015 Abstract No region of the United States fared worse over the postwar period than the “Rust Belt,” the heavy manufacturing region bordering the Great Lakes. This paper hypothesizes that the Rust Belt declined in large part due to a lack of competitive pressure in its labor and output markets. We formalize this thesis in a two-region dynamic general equilibrium model, in which productivity growth and regional employment shares are determined by the extent of competition. Quantitatively, the model accounts for much of the large secular decline in the Rust Belt’s employment share before the 1980s, and the relative stabilization of the Rust Belt since then, as competitive pressure increased. Email: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected]. A previous version of this paper circu- lated under the title “The Decline of the U.S. Rust Belt: A Macroeconomic Analysis.” We thank Ufuk Akcigit, Marco Bassetto, Jesus Fernandez-Villaverde, Pablo Fajgelbaum, Jeremy Greenwood, Berthold Herrendorf, Tom Holmes, Alejandro Justiniano, Thomas Klier, Michael Peters, Andrea Pozzi, Ed Prescott, Andres Rodriguez-Clare, Leena Rudanko, Jim Schmitz, Todd Schoellman, Marcelo Veracierto, Fabrizio Zilibotti and seminar participants at Arizona State, Autonoma de Barcelona, Berkeley, Brown, British Columbia, the Bank of Chile, Chicago Booth, the Federal Reserve Banks of Atlanta, Chicago, Minneapolis, St. Louis and Richmond, Frankfurt, LSE, Notre Dame, NYU, Ohio State, Pennsylvania, UCLA, UCSB, UCSD, USC, Wharton, Yale, Zurich, the NBER Macroeconomics across Time and Space 2014 meeting, the NBER Summer Institute 2013 (EFBGZ and PRMP), GSE Summer Forum, 2013Midwest Macro meeting, February 2013 NBER EFG meeting, 2012 Einaudi Roma Macro Junior conference, and 2012 SED meeting (Cyprus) for helpful comments.
    [Show full text]
  • The Decline of the Rust Belt
    The Decline of the U.S. Rust Belt: A Macroeconomic Analysis Simeon Alder David Lagakos Lee Ohanian Notre Dame ASU UCLA January 31, 2013 Abstract No region of the United States fared worse over the post-war period than the “Rust Belt,” the heavy manufacturing zone bordering the Great Lakes. We argue that a lack of competition in labor and output markets in the Rust Belt were responsible for much of the region’s de- cline. We formalize this theory in a dynamic general-equilibrium model in which productivity growth and regional employment shares are determined by the extent of competition. When plausibly calibrated, the model explains roughly half the decline in the Rust Belt’s manufac- turing employment share. Industry evidence support the model’s predictions that investment and productivity growth rates were relatively low in the Rust Belt. Keywords: Rust Belt, competition, productivity, unionization, monopoly JEL codes: E24, E65, J3, J5, L16, R13 Email: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected]. We thank Ufuk Akcigit, Marco Bassetto, Pablo Fajgelbaum, Jeremy Greenwood, Berthold Herrendorf, Tom Holmes, Alejandro Justiniano, Thomas Klier, An- drea Pozzi, Ed Prescott, Jim Schmitz, Todd Schoellman, Marcelo Veracierto, Fabrizio Zilibotti and seminar partic- ipants at Arizona State, Autonoma de Barcelona, British Columbia, the Federal Reserve Banks of Chicago and St. Louis, Frankfurt, Notre Dame, Pennsylvania, UCLA, Zurich, the 2012 Einaudi Roma Macro Junior conference, and the 2012 SED meetings (Cyprus) for helpful comments. We thank Andrew Cole, Alex Hartman, Patrick Orr, Samin Peirovi, Billy Smith and especially Glenn Farley for excellent research assistance.
    [Show full text]
  • Rust Belt Cities Need Investment, Not Gentrification Worries — Strong Towns
    7/23/2018 Rust Belt Cities Need Investment, not Gentrification Worries — Strong Towns ABOUTEXPLOREEVENTS SHOPLOCAL JOIN THE MOVEMENT R U S T B E LT CITIES NEED INVESTMENT, NOT GENTRIFICATION WORRIES APRIL 6, 2018 BY JASON SEGEDY The following essay by Strong Towns member and director of planning and urban development for the City of Akron, Ohio, Jason Segedy, is republished from the American Conservative with permission. https://www.strongtowns.org/journal/2018/4/6/rust-belt-cities-need-investment-not-gentrification-worries 1/8 7/23/2018 Rust Belt Cities Need Investment, not Gentrification Worries — Strong Towns There is a type of neighborhood that you never hear about in the gentrification story mostly told by writers living in the coastal centers of power. It is the type of neighborhood where the majority of ordinary people in ordinary cities like Akron actually live. This type of neighborhood is a lower-income, working-class, mixed-race community, comprised primarily of single-family homes, many of which are owner-occupied. The standard gentrification narrative is typically about affluent newcomers displacing existing lower-income residents—driving up housing prices, rents, and property taxes to A rubber factory building in Akron (Source: Jason Segedy) stratospheric heights. But there are millions of people throughout the cities of the Rust Belt living in neighborhoods with the opposite problem. They are lower-income, working-class homeowners, living in deteriorating homes, with no foreseeable prospects for property appreciation. The working poor living in these neighborhoods typically cannot afford to reinvest much in their property to begin with, and even the few who can often choose not to, because they will never come close to getting their money back.
    [Show full text]
  • Removing the Rust: Comparative Post-Industrial Revitalization in Buffalo, Cleveland, and Pittsburgh Scott Icholn As Duryea Old Dominion University
    Old Dominion University ODU Digital Commons Graduate Program in International Studies Theses & Graduate Program in International Studies Dissertations Spring 2015 Removing the Rust: Comparative Post-Industrial Revitalization in Buffalo, Cleveland, and Pittsburgh Scott icholN as Duryea Old Dominion University Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/gpis_etds Part of the Growth and Development Commons, Political Economy Commons, Political Science Commons, and the Urban Studies and Planning Commons Recommended Citation Duryea, Scott ..N "Removing the Rust: Comparative Post-Industrial Revitalization in Buffalo, Cleveland, and Pittsburgh" (2015). Doctor of Philosophy (PhD), dissertation, International Studies, Old Dominion University, DOI: 10.25777/3dpq-4x74 https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/gpis_etds/41 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate Program in International Studies at ODU Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Graduate Program in International Studies Theses & Dissertations by an authorized administrator of ODU Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. REMOVING THE RUST: COMPARATIVE POST-INDUSTRIAL REVITALIZATION IN BUFFALO, CLEVELAND, AND PITTSBURGH by Scott Nicholas Duryea B.A. May 2006, John Carroll University M.A. December 2009, East Carolina University M.A. July 2011, East Carolina University A Dissertation Submitted to the Faculty of Old Dominion University in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY INTERNATIONAL STUDIES OLD DOMINION UNIVERSITY March 2015 Approved by: David Earnest (Director) V) Simon Serfaty (Member) KwrrfFiler (Member) ABSTRACT REMOVING THE RUST: COMPARATIVE POST-INDUSTRIAL REVITALIZATION IN BUFFALO, CLEVELAND, AND PITTSBURGH Scott Nicholas Duryea Old Dominion University, 2015 Director: Dr.
    [Show full text]
  • State of the Midwest Heading Into 2020
    State of the Midwest Heading into 2020 New Rust Belt Rising Polling from Michigan, Ohio, Pennsylvania, and Wisconsin: Health Care Concerns, Economic Uncertainty, and Presidential Dead Heat Summary: Rust Belt Rising’s new poll finds two electorally key Midwestern states to be in virtual ties between whether voters will support Trump or a Democrat. • Likely voters in Pennsylvania and Wisconsin are essentially even on supporting Trump or a Democrat. • Democrats have a slight lead in Michigan and Trump ahead in Ohio. • Health care costs continue to be voters’ biggest concern. • Midwesterners see economic improvement, but do not feel it as much in their own lives and worry growth will not continue. Our new poll examines voters’ issue priorities, struggles, views of this economy, and voting intentions for next year, which we are using in our programs for Democratic candidates. Please contact [email protected] to become a Rising candidate and to review full results of the poll by state and specific subsets. • At every opportunity in this survey, our voters made clear how health care and prescription drugs are their biggest worry—these bills are overwhelming them and they want to reduce these costs and protect Medicare, Medicaid, and Social Security. • Our voters realize there are jobs, but not good jobs that support raising a family, especially with the increased costs of health care and prescription drugs and the rising cost of living generally. They would support investments in infrastructure. • Our voters see the economy working for the wealthy and well-connected, not for them. They see this as a great obstacle to their economic success.
    [Show full text]
  • A Tale of Two Cities (And a Town): Immigrants in the Rust Belt
    Number 23, October 2013 briefing paper A Tale of Two Cities (and a Town): Bread for the World Institute Immigrants in the Rust Belt www.bread.org Abstract In the midst of the debate over the largest potential immigration reform legislation in 50 years, some American communities struggling with decades of population loss and economic decline are being revitalized by newcomers. The role of immigrants in high-skilled fields is relatively well-known, but less acknowledged are the contributions that “blue collar” immigrants make to revitalizing depressed communities and economies, both as manual laborers and provides policy small business entrepreneurs. analysis on hunger and strategies to end it. iStock In Rust Belt communities such as Bal- The Institute educates opinion leaders, policy makerstimore, and Detroit, the public and southeasternabout hunger Iowa, in the Unitedimmigration States and has abroad. slowed—and in some Key Points cases reversed—decades of population loss. It is revitalizing neighborhoods and • Immigration is slowing—and in some cases reversing—decades of population commercial corridors. Immigrants—in- decline in American Rust Belt communities, from Baltimore to Detroit to by Andrew Wainer cluding lower-skilled immigrants—help rural Iowa. generate jobs and economic growth for • Immigrants are more likely than U.S.-born residents to be entrepreneurs. U.S.-born workers. While they are 13 percent of the national population and 16 percent of the Immigrants are a disproportionate labor force, they are 18 percent of small business owners. Immigrants in number of our country’s entrepreneurs. Rust Belt cities are more likely to be entrepreneurs than those in other parts This is particularly true in Rust Belt cit- of the United States.
    [Show full text]
  • From Rust Belt to Artist Belt: Challenges and Opportunities in Rust Belt Cities, Please Visit
    From Rust Belt to Artist Belt To view an online version of this report, From Rust Belt to Artist Belt: Challenges and Opportunities in Rust Belt Cities, please visit http://www.cpacbiz.org/business/CreativeCompass.shtml. From Rust Belt to Artist Belt: Challenges and Opportunities in Rust Belt Cities From Rust Belt to Artist Belt Challenges and Opportunities in Rust Belt Cities December 2008 Community Partnership for Arts and Culture • 1900 Superior Avenue, Suite 130 Cleveland, OH 44114 • 216.575.0331 • [email protected] www.cpacbiz.org To view an online version of this report, From Rust Belt to Artist Belt: Challenges and Opportunities in Rust Belt Cities, please visit http://www.cpacbiz.org/business/CreativeCompass.shtml. From Rust Belt to Artist Belt: Challenges and Opportunities in Rust Belt Cities Table of Contents Forward and Acknowledgements .............................................................. 3 Executive Summary .................................................................................... 7 Introduction and General Overview ....................................................... 14 Rust Belt Challenges ................................................................................. 19 Rust Belt Assets ......................................................................................... 26 What Artists Can Offer Rust Belt Cities ................................................ 31 What Rust Belt Cities Can Offer Artists ................................................ 37 Recommendations for Future Policy .....................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Competitive Pressure and the Decline of the Rust Belt: a Macroeconomic Analysis
    NBER WORKING PAPER SERIES COMPETITIVE PRESSURE AND THE DECLINE OF THE RUST BELT: A MACROECONOMIC ANALYSIS Simeon Alder David Lagakos Lee Ohanian Working Paper 20538 http://www.nber.org/papers/w20538 NATIONAL BUREAU OF ECONOMIC RESEARCH 1050 Massachusetts Avenue Cambridge, MA 02138 October 2014 A previous version of this paper circulated under the title “The Decline of the U.S. Rust Belt: A Macroeconomic Analysis.” We thank Ufuk Akcigit, Marco Bassetto, Jesus Fernandez-Villaverde, Pablo Fajgelbaum, Jeremy Greenwood, Berthold Herrendorf, Tom Holmes, Alejandro Justiniano, Thomas Klier, Michael Peters, Andrea Pozzi, Ed Prescott, Andres Rodriguez-Clare, Leena Rudanko, Jim Schmitz, Todd Schoellman, Marcelo Veracierto, Fabrizio Zilibotti and seminar participants at Arizona State, Autonoma de Barcelona, Berkeley, Brown, British Columbia, the Bank of Chile, Chicago Booth, the Federal Reserve Banks of Atlanta, Chicago, Minneapolis, St. Louis and Richmond, Frankfurt, LSE, Notre Dame, NYU, Ohio State, Pennsylvania, UCLA, UCSB, UCSD, USC, Wharton, Yale, Zurich, the NBER Macroeconomics across Time and Space 2014 meeting, the NBER Summer Institute 2013 (EFBGZ and PRMP), GSE Summer Forum, 2013 Midwest Macro meeting, February 2013 NBER EFG meeting, 2012 Einaudi Roma Macro Junior conference, and 2012 SED meeting (Cyprus) for helpful comments. We thank Andrew Cole, Alex Hartman, Patrick Kiernan, Patrick Orr, Samin Peirovi, Billy Smith and especially Caleb Johnson and Glenn Farley for excellent research assistance. All potential errors are ours. The views expressed herein are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Bureau of Economic Research. NBER working papers are circulated for discussion and comment purposes. They have not been peer- reviewed or been subject to the review by the NBER Board of Directors that accompanies official NBER publications.
    [Show full text]
  • Understanding Rust Belt Housing Markets
    Understanding Rust Belt Housing Markets forbes.com/sites/petesaunders1/2017/07/28/understanding-rust-belt-housing-markets/ 7/27/2017 Jul 28, 2017 @ 04:47 PM 858 The Little Black Book of Billionaire Secrets Pete Saunders , Contributor I seek to understand cities. Where they are and where they're going. Opinions expressed by Forbes Contributors are their own. Post-war single-family homes in Chicago. Source: Shutterstock Two new studies released this week on Rust Belt metro area housing markets, one for Chicago and the other for Detroit, illustrate the unique challenges that face Rust Belt metros. The studies are unrelated and vary widely in their approach, but underscore how strategies specific to their challenges are critical for their futures. In Chicago, the Chicago Metropolitan Agency for Planning (CMAP), Metropolitan Mayors Caucus, Metropolitan Planning Council and Institute for Housing Studies at DePaul University collaborated to identify the characteristics and geography of housing throughout the seven-county Chicago metro area in northeastern Illinois. Called Regional Housing Solutions, researchers gathered and analyzed census tract data for the Chicago metro area. Researchers focused on data related to housing stock, affordability, market activity and demographics, and group them into eight distinct housing markets, irrespective of their location or proximity to other housing markets. The submarkets, as defined in the study: Submarket 1: Higher density urban, high foreclosure and vacancy, low income Submarket 2: Higher density urban
    [Show full text]
  • Buffalo, NY Since the Great Recession a Workshop on Economic Restructuring in the Rust Belt August 14-15 2017, Cornell in Buffalo and UAW Local 774
    A Workshop on Economic Restructuring since the Great Recession Dincer and Wheaton August 14-15, 2017 Buffalo, NY Since the Great Recession A Workshop on Economic Restructuring in the Rust Belt August 14-15 2017, Cornell in Buffalo and UAW Local 774 Buffalo, New York State’s second largest metropolitan area, occupies a unique place in the region’s economy. Although its finance, service, and housing market sectors lack the spectacular size and depth of those in New York City, its manufacturing sector still occupies a central role in the regional economy. Economic development in Buffalo’s manufacturing sector, however, is highly dependent on public resources, particularly those from Albany. This dependency, in the context of major transformations in the manufacturing sector since the Great Recession and decades of deindustrialization, is part and parcel of economic restructuring in the American Rust Belt broadly. Even though Buffalo metropolitan area was not affected by the Great Recession as much as other metropolitan areas in the country primarily due to the preceding deindustrialization, it experienced a similar process of economic restructuring following it. In this workshop, we will identify this unique position of Buffalo as part of both the Rust Belt region and New York State, and scrutinize its main economic troubles and trajectory since the Great Recession. Sluggish national growth, the unequal distribution of the wealth generated by that growth among social classes, and the inability to create the long-desired dynamism in the economy since the recession have manifested in particularly interesting ways in the Rust Belt. Understanding the characteristics of Buffalo’s economic development, one of the key areas within the Rust Belt, will help us contextualize the Great Recession and its effects on the ground.
    [Show full text]
  • Buffalo, Ny S Ince the Great Recession
    BUFFALO, NY SINCE THE GREAT RECESSION A WORKSHOP ON ECONOMIC RESTRUCTURING IN THE RUST BELT SINCE THE GREAT RECESSION BY: DINCER AND WHEATON AUGUST 14-15 2017 CORNELL IN BUFFALO AND UAW LOCAL 774 PROGRAM DAY 1, AUGUST 14, Cornell in Buffalo Welcome, Arthur Wheaton, The Worker Institute, Cornell University 09AM-09.10AM Introduction: The Contours of Economic Development in the Rust Belt since the Great Recession Evren Dincer, Uludağ University 09.10AM-09.30AM Session I Main Trends and Issues of Economic Development in Buffalo 09.30AM-12PM The Performance of the Buffalo Economy Since the Great Recession Jaison Abel, Federal Reserve Bank of New York Healing Buffalo’s Economy: The Buffalo Billion and Priorities for Economic Development John Slenker, New York State Department of Labor General Trends in the Labor Market Cesar Cabrera, New York State Department of Labor Labor Market and Challenges for Workforce Development Heather Gresham, Executive Director, Buffalo and Erie County Workforce Investment Board Labor’s Role in Economic Development and Organizing Richard Lipsitz Jr., Western New York Area Labor Federation Economic Development from a Social Justice Perspective Franchelle C. Hart, Open Buffalo Lunch Break: 12PM-1PM Session II Placing Buffalo in its Geographical and Economic Context: Buffalo as part of New York State and the Rust Belt 1PM-2.45PM The Role of New York City in the Economy of New York State James Parrott, Center for New York City Affairs at The New School Buffalo’s Economic Relations with Albany Bruce Fisher, SUNY Buffalo
    [Show full text]
  • Under the Rust Belt : Revealing Innovation in Northeast Ohio / Edited by Thomas Bacher
    Copyright © 2016 by The University of Akron Press. All Rights Reserved. Under the Rust Belt PAUL MARTIN SERIES ON LEADERSHIP AND I N N O VAT I O N Copyright © 2016 by The University of Akron Press. All Rights Reserved. Paul Martin Series on Leadership and Innovation Thomas Bacher, Editor, Under the Rust Belt: Revealing Innovation in Northeast Ohio Copyright © 2016 by The University of Akron Press. All Rights Reserved. Under the Rust Belt Revealing Innovation in Northeast Ohio Thomas Bacher, Editor Carol Slatter, Assistant Editor With the assistance of Caitlyn Caldwell, Matt Margo, Katelyn Mertz, and Emily Tara The University of Akron Press Akron, Ohio Copyright © 2016 by The University of Akron Press. All Rights Reserved. Copyright © 2015 by The University of Akron Press All rights reserved • First Edition 2015 • Manufactured in the United States of America. All inquiries and permission requests should be addressed to the Publisher, the University of Akron Press, Akron, Ohio 44325–1703. 19 18 17 16 15 5 4 3 2 1 isbn: 978-1-937378-21-9 (paperback) library of congress cataloging-in-publication data Under the rust belt : revealing innovation in Northeast Ohio / edited by Thomas Bacher. pages cm. — (Paul Martin series on leadership and innovation) Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-1-937378-21-9 (pbk. : alk. paper) 1. Technological innovations—Economic aspects—Ohio. 2. Manufacturing industries— Technological innovations—Ohio. 3. Entrepreneurship—Ohio. 4. Ohio—Economic conditions. I. Bacher, Thomas. HC107.O323T485 2015 338.9771’3—dc23 2014044269 ∞ The paper used in this publication meets the minimum requirements of ansi /niso z 39.48–1992 (Permanence of Paper).
    [Show full text]