The offcial journal of the Wellington Macintosh Society Inc Volume 36.10 – October 2019

Come to one of our meetings macOS Catalina is here

Wellington Monday, 28 October 7.15pm - 9.30pm Subject: macOS Catalina (10.15) Kapiti Monday, 4 November 7.15pm - 9.00pm Subject: New Apple OS versions and products iPad Group* TBA Help Desk* Saturday, 9 November Apple has released the latest annual macOS version, Catalina 10.15, with a lot 1 pm - 4 pm of new features and laying groundwork for future Mac development. Lower Hutt We’ll be looking at Catalina at our upcoming meetings, but is it stable enough to upgrade so soon? See page 2 for more details of meetings *Please register by emailing [email protected] Where to find us Unless otherwise indicated, main meetings are normally as follows. Wellington: last Monday of the month (except December) at Brian Davis Room, Cathedral of St Paul, corner Hill St and Molesworth St, Wellington. Kapiti: first Monday of the month (except January) at Kapiti Uniting Parish, 10 Weka Road, Raumati. Help desks and other special interest meetings vary.

The President Writes p2 Text editing in iOS/iPadOS 13 p9 INSIDE macOS Catalina 10.15 p4 Committee Contact Details p10 Six reasons why so many bugs p7

CAPITAL APPLE – OCTOBER 2019 PAGE 1 The president writes ...

what you would like help with, and tell us what computer or other devices you would like to bring. The help desk is an opportunity to get assistance with most topics relating to Apple products. Our regular tutors can help with a wide range of general Mac, iPad and iPhone questions, and if you need help in a specialised area, we may be able to David Empson find a tutor to assist. If several people want help on [email protected] the same topic we may do a small group session, otherwise we try to provide individual help. Hi folks. A possible group topic or workshop for this help desk is questions about iOS 13, iPadOS 13 and Wellington Meeting macOS Catalina. Our main meeting in Wellington will be held on The help desk is a free service to WelMac Monday 28 October (Labour Day) in the Brian members, but registration is required so we can Davis Room at Wellington Cathedral of St Paul, plan the event. corner Hill St and Molesworth St, Wellington, from 7.15pm. Update on Graeme Moffatt The meeting will start with a Q&A session for Graeme had another setback after his surgery: those who have any technical issues. It would be he had a major internal haemorrhage which appreciated if questions could be emailed in required a transfusion and further surgery. After advance to [email protected] so we can that near death experience he has recovered well plan ahead. Following Q&A we will have a light and has been discharged from hospital. He’s supper, then the main topic: hoping to be well enough to attend the Wellington macOS Catalina (10.15): new features, planning meeting this month. for upgrades, known incompatible software, and I visited Graeme in hospital twice, and he also discussion of related issues. heard from or had visits from several other members, which he greatly appreciated. Kapiti Meeting The Kapiti meeting will be held on Monday 4 Apple News November, at the Kapiti Uniting Parish, 10 Weka Rd, Raumati, from 7:15 pm. No October event, but… I will be demonstrating and discussing Apple’s Apple’s September event saw the launch of the new OS versions (macOS Catalina, iOS 13, iPadOS iPhone 11 series, Apple Watch Series 5, 10.12-inch 13) and recent new product releases, including at iPad and announcements about upcoming OS least one of the new iPhone models. releases and the Apple Arcade and Apple TV+ If you would like to receive e-mail services. There has been a fair amount of evidence announcements about upcoming Kapiti meetings, and rumours about other new products Apple has please contact Janet Milne [email protected]. not yet announced which may be due soon, leading many to think that Apple might have Help Desk another special event in October. Our next help desk will be held at a member's Given the lateness of the month, and the media house in Lower Hutt from 1 pm to 4 pm on invites normally being sent up to two weeks Saturday 9 November. earlier, we can now say with certainty that there If you would like to attend, please register no will not be an October special event. later than Tuesday 5 November by emailing [email protected]. Please include details about continued over page

CAPITAL APPLE – OCTOBER 2019 PAGE 2 In March, Apple did a series of product launches For recent macOS versions, the best solution is to by press release over several days, and we could download a new copy of the installer application. see a similar pattern soon for any products Apple Apple has updated them with a certificate that now wants to have available in time for the peak of the expires in April 2029. The following page on holiday shopping season. creating a bootable installer has links to all the support pages for downloading the installers for El iOS/iPad OS 13 Updates Capitan (10.11) through Catalina (10.15). We’ve seen a rather hectic rush of software https://support.apple.com/en-nz/HT201372 updates for the new iPhone and iPad OS versions. In all cases, getting the installer requires a Mac After the initial release of iOS 13 (for iPhone which can run that version. only) on 20 September, we had iOS 13.1 and the The process has changed slightly for El Capitan initial release of iPadOS (also 13.1) five days later, (10.11) and Sierra (10.12): they now download a followed in quick succession by iOS and iPadOS disk image which contains an installer package. 13.1.1 and 13.1.2 updates each three days after their That installs the usual “Install macOS” application predecessor. (in your Applications folder as normal). You can The worst of the early bugs seem to have been eject and delete the disk image after you have the dealt with by 13.1.2. There are a few lingering application, to avoid having to waste another 5 to 6 issues, some of which were addressed by a 13.1.3 GB of disk space. update about mid October. The installers for High Sierra (10.13), Mojave Apple is well into testing of iOS/iPadOS 13.2 (10.14) and Catalina (10.15) are downloaded via which may be released as soon as the end of App Store directly into your Applications folder, as October. This is about when the “.1” update would was previously the case. normally appear, so this version will fix more bugs, If you want an older installer for OS X Lion add some late features, the annual update of emoji (10.7) through OS X Yosemite (10.10), the only way characters, and security fixes. to get them is via the Purchased list in App Store Some of the new features originally promised (Lion and Mountain Lion can still be bought from for iOS 13 were delayed, with a few appearing in Apple’s online store, which gives you a redemption 13.1 and a few more coming in 13.2. One promised code to use in App Store). new feature (iCloud Drive shared folders) is now Unfortunately as of 27 October, the installers for delayed until about March or April. Yosemite and earlier have not been updated and iOS 13.1.3 already feels “good enough” to me, still have an old expiry date. Hopefully Apple will but those who want even more stability might fix them at some point. want to wait until at least one update after the 13.2 In the meantime, you can use the expired release to maximise the chances that early bugs installers if you set your Mac’s clock back to 24 Oct have been dealt with. Apple has already disabled 2019 or earlier (and disable “Set date and time the ability to revert to iOS 12 after installing iOS/ automatically”). Adjusting your clock may have iPadOS 13, so once you upgrade you can't go back. unexpected side effects. Old Installers Have Expired Manual downloads of other Apple installer disk If you have a previously downloaded copy of images and packages are similarly affected but they any “Install macOS” application (for Mac OS X 10.7 appear to only complain about the expired Lion up to and including macOS 10.15 Catalina), certificate and give you an option to proceed you may find it doesn’t work any more. When anyway. Apple has already started updating launched, ones with the problem show an error everything at https://support.apple.com/ message like “This copy of the Install macOS downloads but older versions may still have the Mojave application is damaged and can‘t be used problem. to install macOS.” and refuse to proceed. Software Update should be OK as Apple has This also affects bootable installers created from already fixed those updates. the installer applications. That’s all, folks! David Empson The cause is a security certificate inside Apple’s To contact me, email [email protected], or you installers which expired on 26 October 2019. can ring me at home (976 9755)

CAPITAL APPLE – OCTOBER 2019 PAGE 3 macOS Catalina 10.15 By David Empson

Unsafe to Install At this point, I am strongly recommending that if you haven’t installed Catalina yet, then you should wait until more information is available. The key reason: • Limited online reports of some Macs being “bricked” by installing Catalina, to the extent that they cannot boot at all (even from older operating systems) unless taken in for servicing. They may require an expensive main logic board replacement (which is not possible on models discontinued more than five years ago). The symptoms sound like the installation corrupted the firmware on the logic board, which prevents it recognising any special startup key sequences and being unable to boot (the screen shows a blinking folder). This problem may be extremely rare: I have not seen this on any Mac which has been upgraded to Catalina (including two of mine), and it has not been widely reported. I recommend waiting until a later minor version before upgrading to Catalina. If you have already upgraded to Catalina then you are past the danger point for this issue.

Availability Stability macOS Catalina 10.15 was released to the public Some problems being reported or which I’ve on 8 October (NZ time). It had a supplemental encountered: update just over a week later. •Mail permanently losing messages when they get moved to other mailboxes, with a side effect Model Support that the message is also deleted from the server macOS Catalina runs on all Mac models (therefore deleted everywhere). introduced in 2012 or later, except for the Mid 2012 •If you used iTunes to manage a music library, Mac Pro (the last of the old tower models). the new Music app will probably lose all of your This is almost the same support as macOS album covers and proceed to download them Mojave 10.14 (except that Mojave also ran on the again from Apple. This has a bug which results in 2010 and 2012 Mac Pro as long as a compatible constantly growing memory use, causing video card was installed). performance issues and eventually leading to the My Test Setup computer running out of memory or disk space To get some initial experience, I was running a and misbehaving, unless you quit Music. I have test installation of Catalina on a 2014 Mac Mini encountered this but quit before it got too bad. since early beta versions, but without most of my Features applications or any of my data. Around the time of Catalina has a lot of new features. I don’t have the public release I cloned my main Mac to an space to mention most of them but below are my external drive and upgraded that clone to Catalina impressions of a few I’ve tried. using my 2018 Mac Mini so I could test with real Apple’s list of major new features: data and see how my applications worked. https://www.apple.com/nz/macos/catalina/ I planned ahead and upgraded most of my There is also a page with a more detailed list: applications before installing Catalina, but missed https://www.apple.com/nz/macos/catalina/ a few and some were still catching up. features/ I have quite a few old applications I want to keep using occasionally, such as iWork ’09, and iTunes replaced by Music, Podcasts, TV peripherals such as an older Fujitsu Scansnap I use iTunes heavily for playing and managing which is no longer supported by the manufacturer music, but didn’t use its podcasts or TV features and its software is 32-bit. I have dealt with most of much. Music mostly covers the music feature set of these by moving them to another Mac which will iTunes, with a couple of omissions I’ve spotted: keep running an older macOS version. I chose •The column browser is gone. macOS Sierra 10.12.6 because it was the last version •The Songs view no longer shows album art. in which iWork ’09 seemed to work properly. continued over page

CAPITAL APPLE – OCTOBER 2019 PAGE 4 The memory issue mentioned earlier means I where I was pointing, which made it unusable. haven’t used Music heavily yet. This persisted after disconnecting and reconnecting Based on my limited use, the other parts but was fixed after I restarted the Mac. (Podcasts, TV, audiobooks moved to Books, and If you would like to use your iPad as an external iPhone/iPad/iPod management in Finder) seem to display for your Mac but don't have one of the be working. compatible models or are running an older OS, A friend who used iTunes heavily for podcasts, there are two third party options: Duet Display including keeping archival copies, reports that the (software) and Luna Display (hardware adapter for new Podcasts app has serious limitations for that the Mac plus an app on the iPad). Luna Display has use case, including being unable to access recently added the ability to use one Mac as an previously downloaded episodes or switch external display for another Mac. libraries, e.g. if you previously stored your https://www.duetdisplay.com podcasts on an external drive for space reasons. https://lunadisplay.com

Photos Increased Security The new organisation into years/months/days Folders where your personal files should live are with highlighting of “interesting” photos makes now protected from all applications unless you more sense than the previous years/collections/ explicitly grant permission, and if you can’t see a moments arrangement. reason for a particular application to have unfettered access to that location, you can deny it. Sidecar This falls into the category of "really annoying” This is a new feature which lets you use an iPad at first. The Documents, Downloads, Desktop and as an extra display for the Mac, similar to plugging iCloud Drive folders are now protected: the first in a second or third display (either mirroring or time an application tries to access one of these, the extending). It works wirelessly or via a cable. computer asks if you want to allow it access. You Both the Mac and iPad need to be running the are also asked to grant permission for each latest OS and new enough models: basically a 2016 application to send notifications. or newer Mac and an iPad which supports an Once you have these set up the way you like, Apple Pencil (even if you don't have one). you don't need to keep re-approving the same I was able to test this on my 2018 Mac Mini and applications, but new applications may require both iPad Air 3 and iPad Pro, but I won't be able to similar permissions. use it with my 2013 MacBook Pro. I had an initial connection failure which was fixed by signing out Find My of iCloud on the Mac then signing in again. The Mac now has easier access to the previous The sidecar display on the iPad has a control to “Find my iPhone” feature to locate your devices (or bring up a mini keyboard (Sidecar works even those of family members), plus Find Friends, better with a Smart Keyboard), but touching the wrapped into a single application. display area with your finger doesn’t control the One lost feature: Find Friends is no longer Mac apart from two-finger drag to scroll. For full available in the Today panel. mouse control you need an Apple Pencil. The pencil can also draw in compatible applications, Approve with Apple Watch potentially replacing the use of a graphics tablet. I was unable to get my Mac Mini to connect to The iPad shows a Touch Bar along the bottom, my Watch without more fiddling than I wanted to even if your Mac does not have that feature. do, so I haven't tested the new features in this area. Once connected it worked well enough as a Apple ID account information display, and text was quite readable. There may be System Preferences has been rearranged with use cases where you can take the iPad some your Apple ID and iCloud information at the top. distance from the Mac, but it needs peer-to-peer This is similar to recent changes on iOS and is Wi-Fi which limits the range, and you need to much better in my opinion. It also means your Mac initiate the Sidecar connection from the Mac. I did has easier access to your list of registered devices. run into a problem with pencil being offset from continued over page

CAPITAL APPLE – OCTOBER 2019 PAGE 5 Incompatible Applications: 32-bit Lost Features Catalina drops the ability to run a lot of older • Dashboard. Mac software, in particular anything which is 32- • “My Photo Stream” to sync new photos to/ bit and has not been updated to 64-bit, or which is from your iPhone/iPad via iCloud. You can still written using older Apple technology like use iCloud Photo Library (entire library stored in “Carbon” which never had a 64-bit version. iCloud) or direct sync via cable or Wi-Fi. This includes some applications which are 64-bit but require some 32-bit components. Recommendation Some examples of popular applications which Wait before upgrading to Catalina, at least until will never work under Catalina (no longer we find out how much 10.15.1 improves things, supported, or superseded by a later version): and you may be wise to wait somewhat longer. • iPhoto and Aperture (all versions) Apart from application compatibility, there is • iWork ’09: Pages 4, Numbers 2, Keynote 5 less concern with buying a new Mac that comes (or earlier) with Catalina already installed. • Microsoft Office 2011 (or earlier) Staying on an older OS for now? • Adobe Creative Suite CS6 (or earlier) High Sierra 10.13.6 is expected to get security • Bento database (all versions) and Safari updates until about September 2020, For many applications, you will need to upgrade Mojave 10.14.6 until about September 2021. or update to a newer version to get one which Those still running Sierra 10.12.6 or earlier on works on Catalina. In most cases it is easiest to do their main Mac should be planning to upgrade to this before you upgrade the operating system, either High Sierra or Mojave for now. because you may find that you can't run the old Mojave grumbles about 32-bit software more application on Catalina, which prevents using any often than High Sierra. built-in software update check. A Mac used for specific applications and not for I recommend the utility Go64 from St. Clair Internet access is OK to stay on an older OS. Software, which can identify software on your Mac If your only Mac is stuck on an older OS for which is either 32-bit or 64-bit but using 32-bit compatibility reasons, then El Capitan 10.11 or components, therefore won’t work on Catalina. Sierra 10.12 may be your best option for now, with https://www.stclairsoft.com/Go64/ Firefox or a Chrome variant as your web browser.

Hard drive? Beware High Sierra or later High Sierra and Mojave have a major performance impact on a Mac with an internal hard drive, but are fine on a solid state drive and good enough on a Fusion drive. With a hard drive, the computer gets very sluggish due to significantly increased disk activity causing access delays. I haven’t re-tested this on Catalina but I doubt it will improve much. For some Mac models it is feasible and now quite affordable to replace the hard drive with a Other Incompatible Applications smaller capacity solid state drive. There are also some applications which don’t An iMac requires major disassembly to access work on Catalina yet for reasons other than 32/64- the drive. I recommend a professional service bit. These still need updates from the developer to company if you want to replace an iMac’s drive. get them working. External hard drives for data storage or backup One example is Audacity, an open source audio are not a problem: it is the drive with the operating editor I’m aware some members use: it is unable to system which is the performance bottleneck. record audio. There is a somewhat complex workaround involving running it via Terminal. I’m happy to answer questions about computer and OS upgrades. Maybe at a help desk?

CAPITAL APPLE – OCTOBER 2019 PAGE 6 Six Reasons Why iOS 13 and Catalina Are So Buggy By David Shayer (republished from TidBITS)

David Shayer was an Apple software engineer for 18 years. He worked on the iPod, the Apple Watch, and Apple’s bug-tracking system Radar, among other projects.

iOS 13 and macOS 10.15 Catalina have been Crash Reports Don’t Identify Non-Crashing unusually buggy releases for Apple. The betas Bugs started out buggy at WWDC in June, which is not If you have reporting turned on (which I unexpected, but even after Apple removed some recommend), Apple’s built-in crash reporter features from the final releases in September, more automatically reports application crashes, and problems have forced the company to publish even kernel crashes, back to the company. A crash quick updates. Why? Based on my 18 years of report includes a lot of data. Especially useful is experience working as an Apple software the stack trace, which shows exactly where the engineer, I have a few ideas. code crashed, and more importantly, how it got to that point. A stack trace often enables an engineer Overloaded Feature Lists Lead to Schedule to track down the crash and fix it. Chicken Apple is aggressive about including significant features in upcoming products. Tight schedules and ambitious feature sets mean software engineers and quality assurance (QA) engineers routinely work nights and weekends as deadlines approach. Inevitably some features are postponed for a future release, as we saw with iCloud Drive Folder Sharing. In a well-run project, features that are lagging behind are cut early, so engineers can devote their time to polishing the features that will actually ship. But sometimes managers play “schedule chicken” since no one wants to admit in the departmental meeting that their part of the project Crash reports are uniquely identified by the is behind. Instead, they hope someone else stack trace. The same stack trace on multiple crash working on another aspect of that feature is reports means all those users are seeing the same running even later, so they reap the benefit of the crash. The crash reporter backend sorts crash feature being delayed without taking the hit of reports by matching the stack traces, and those being the one who delayed it. But if no one blinks, that occur most often get the highest priority. engineers continue to work on a feature that can’t Apple takes crash reports seriously and tries hard possibly be completed in time and that eventually to fix them. As a result, Apple software crashes a gets pushed off to a future release. lot less than it used to. Apple could address this scheduling problem Unfortunately, the crash reporter can’t catch by not packing so many features into each release, non-crashing bugs. It’s blind to the photos that but that’s just not the company culture. Products never upload to iCloud, the contact card that just that aren’t on a set release schedule, like the won’t sync from my Mac to my iPhone, the Time AirPods or the rumored Bluetooth tracking tiles, Capsule backups that get corrupted and have to be can be delayed until they’re really solid. But restarted every few months, and the setup app on products on an annual release schedule, like my new iPhone 11 that got caught in a loop iPhones and operating systems, must ship in repeatedly asking me to sign in to my iCloud September, whatever state they’re in. continued over page

CAPITAL APPLE – OCTOBER 2019 PAGE 7 account, until I had to call Apple support. (These working feature, that’s called a regression. They’re are all real problems I’ve experienced.) expected to fix it. Apple tracks non-crashing bugs the old- But if you file a bug report, and the QA engineer fashioned way: with human testers (QA engineers), determines that bug also exists in previous releases automated tests, and reports from third-party of the software, it’s marked “not a regression.” By developers and Apple support. Needless to say, definition, it’s not a new bug, it’s an old bug. this approach is as much an art as it is a science, Chances are, no one will ever be assigned to fix it. and it’s much harder both to identify non-crashing Not all groups at Apple work this way, but many bugs (particularly from reports from Apple do. It drove me crazy. One group I knew at Apple support) and for the engineers to track them down. even made “Not a Regression” T-shirts. If a bug isn’t a regression, they don’t have to fix it. That’s Less-Important Bugs Are Triaged why the iCloud photo upload bug and the contact During development, Apple triages bugs based syncing bug I mentioned above may never be on the phase of the development cycle and the bug fixed. severity. Before alpha, engineers can fix pretty much any bug they want to. But as development Automated Tests Are Used Sparingly moves into alpha, and then beta, only serious bugs The software industry goes through fads, just that block major features are fixed, and as the ship like the fashion industry. Automated testing is date nears, only bugs that cause data loss or currently fashionable. There are various types of crashes get fixed. automated testing: test-driven design, unit tests, This approach is sensible. As an engineer, every user-driven testing, etc. No need to go into the time you change the code, there’s a chance you’ll details here, except to say that, apart from a few introduce a new bug. Changes also trigger a whole specific areas, Apple doesn’t do a lot of automated new round of testing. When you’re close to testing. Apple is highly reliant on manual testing, shipping, a known bug with understood impact is probably too much so. better than adding a fix that might break The most significant area of automated testing is something new that you’d be unaware of. battery performance. Every day’s operating system Bugs that generate a lot of Apple Store visits or build is loaded onto devices (iPhones, iPads, Apple support calls usually get fixed. After all, it costs Watches, etc.) that run through a set of automated serious money to pay enough support reps to help tests to ensure that battery performance hasn’t lots of users. It’s much cheaper to fix the bug. degraded. (Of course, these automated tests look When I worked on Apple products, we’d get a list only at Apple code, so real-world interactions can of the top bugs driving Apple Store visits and —and often do—result in significant battery support calls, and we were expected to fix them. performance issues that have to be tracked down Unfortunately, bugs that are rare or not terribly and fixed manually.) serious—those that cause mere confusion instead of data loss—are continually pushed to the back burner by the triage system.

Regressions Get Fixed. Old Bugs Get Ignored. Apple is lousy at fixing old bugs. Apple pays special attention to new products like the iPhone 11, looking for serious customer problems. It jumps on them quickly and generally does a good job of eradicating major issues. But any bugs that are minor or unusual enough to survive this early scrutiny may persist forever. Remember what I said about changes causing new bugs? If an engineer accidentally breaks a

CAPITAL APPLE – OCTOBER 2019 PAGE 8 Beyond batteries, a few groups inside Apple are compatible products it has to test against). Worse, known for their use of automated tests. Safari is asynchronous events like multiple threads running probably the most famous. Every code check-in on multiple cores, push notifications, and network triggers a performance test. If the check-in slows latency mean it’s practically impossible to create a Safari performance, it’s rejected. More automated comprehensive test suite. testing would probably help Apple’s software quality. Looking Forward In an unprecedented move, Apple announced Complexity Has Ballooned iOS 13.1 before iOS 13.0 shipped, a rare admission Another complication for Apple is the of how serious the software quality problem is. continually growing complexity of its ecosystem. Apple has immense resources, and the company’s Years ago, Apple sold only Macs. Processors had engineers will tame this year’s problem. only one core. A program with 100,000 lines of code In the short term, you can expect more bug fix was large, and most were single-threaded. updates on a more frequent schedule than in past A modern Apple operating system has tens of years. Longer-term, I’m sure that the higher-ups at millions of lines of code. Your Mac, iPhone, iPad, Apple are fully aware of the problem and are Apple Watch, AirPods, and HomePod all talk to pondering how best to address it. Besides the fact each other and talk to iCloud. All apps are multi- that bugs are expensive, both in support costs and threaded and communicate with one another over engineer time, they’re starting to become a public the (imperfect) Internet. relations concern. Apple charges premium prices Today’s Apple products are vastly more for premium products, and lapses in software complex than in the past, which makes quality stand to hurt the company’s reputation. development and testing harder. The test matrix doesn’t just have more rows (for features and OS https://tidbits.com/2019/10/21/six-reasons- versions), it also has more dimensions (for why-ios-13-and-catalina-are-so-buggy/

Text Editing in iOS/iPadOS 13

One issue I’ve seen early adopters struggle with is that Apple has removed the “magnifying bubble” for editing text. iOS/iPadOS 13 now does text editing more like a Mac: e.g. you can select a word by double-tap or a paragraph by triple-tap. There are three ways to move the insertion point: 1. Tap once on any word and the insertion point is placed at the beginning or end of the word (aim closer to either end to choose which). 2. Tap and hold the insertion point and you can drag it anywhere in the text (to the line above where your finger is pointing, so you can still see it). 3. Tap and hold the space bar in the on-screen keyboard. You get haptic feedback and the key symbols disappear. Keep holding and you can now use the keyboard like a trackpad to drag the insertion point around. The iPhone and iPad both support new text editing gestures: •Undo with a three finger swipe to the left, or three finger double-tap. •Redo with a three finger swipe to the right. •Copy with a three finger pinch. •Cut with a three finger pinch twice in a row. •Paste with a three finger spread. The old methods still work, but the new gestures can save time while editing text. I also noticed that doing a three finger tap brings up a menu of options at the top of the screen which offers undo, cut, copy, paste and redo commands. They remain available for multiple uses until you start typing or tap elsewhere.

CAPITAL APPLE – OCTOBER 2019 PAGE 9 PO Box 1100, Wellington 6140, New Zealand

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The Wellington Macintosh Society Incorporated is a non-profit editor or the Wellington Macintosh Society Inc. Copyright of trade- organisation formed in April 1984 with the following objectives: marks and trade names used remains with the owners at all times. • To exchange and disseminate information among the members Advertising rates: $35 full page, $20 half-page (members); $50 full concerning the computer arts and sciences. page, $35 half-page (non-members). For details, contact the editor. • To publish books, newsletters, magazines and periodicals for the benefit and education of members and the public. Home phone • To conduct and sponsor seminars, lectures and courses relating Patron Steve Wozniak to the computer arts and sciences. President David Empson 976 9755 • To provide technical assistance to members of the group. Vice President Shane Gordine N/A • To seek privileges and discounts for members. Secretary Andrew McPherson 971 1914 Subscriptions: $30 a year from date of joining. Treasurer Peter Kirby 478 5386 Website: http://www.welmac.org.nz Journal editor Graeme Moffatt 905 6321 Email: [email protected] (email addresses for committee Membership Secretary Shane Gordine N/A members are available on the website) Committee Joseph Booth 526 5141 Please contact the information officer for all enquiries regarding Graeme Moffatt 905 6321 meetings and other activities. Membership enquiries should be Martin McKendrick N/A Information Officer Dennis Hamblin 478 9466 directed to the membership secretary. TheCAPITAL views expressed APPLE in this –journal OCTOBER are not necessarily 2019 those of the PAGE 10