~--...... , :1 C~nsus of Ind~a, _ 9~1 'I i i f DISTRICT CENSU~ I f HANDBOO~ I I , UTTAR PRADESH 5--MUZAFFARNAGAR DISTRICT ... i .....: r • I ALLAH/, <\D: DISTRICT CENSUS HANDBOOK 1951 MUZAFFARNAGAR F)IS~kICT . ' FOREWORD Several States, including Uttar Pradesh, have been publishing village statistics by districts at each census. In 1941 they were published in U. P. under the title "District Census Statistics" with a separate volume for each district. In the 1951 ~ census, when the tabulation has been more elaborate than ever in view of the requirel ments of the country, the district/wise volume has been expanded into a "District Census Handbook", which now contains the District Census Tables (furnishing data with break/up for census tracts within the district), the District Index of Nonl agricultural Occupations, agricultural statistics from 1901102 to 1950151 and other miscellaneous statistics in addition to the usual village population statistics. The village population statistics also are given in an elaborate form giving the division of the population among eight livelihood classes and other details. 2. It may be added here that a separate set of district/wise volumes giving only population figures of rural areas by vi1lages and of urban areas by wards and mohallas and. entitled "District Population Statistics" has already been published. This separate series was necess~tated by the urgent requirements of the U. P. Government for elections to local oodies. 3. The number of District Census Handbooks printed so far is fourteen. Special arrangements for speeding up the printing have now been made and it is hoped that the remaining Handbooks will be printed before the end of 1955. RAJESHW ARI PRASAD, I.A.S., R.AMPUR: Superintendent} Census Operations) February 28, 1955. Uttar Pradesh. A-The District B-Analysis of the Statistics iii-x C-Explanatory Note on the Statistics x-xii PART I-DISTRICT CENSUS TABLES A-GlllN',EH.AL POPULATION TABLES-- A-I Area, Houses and population 3 A-II Vt1ri.ation in Population during Fifty Years ,3 A-II[ Towns and Villages Classified by Population 4-5 A-IV Towns Classified by Population with Variations since 1901 ~7 A-V Towns arranged Territorially with Population by Livelihood Classes 8-9 ill Area. and Population of District and Tehsils by Livelihood Classes 10-11 B-EOONoUIO TABLES- B-} Livelihood Classes and Sub-classes 12-15 B-II Secondary Means of Livelihood 16-29 B-Hr Employers, Employees and Independent WorkerR in Industries and Services by Divisions and Sub.divisions .. 30-56 B-IV UnemplOyment by Livelihood Classes 57-58 Index of Non-agricutural Occupations 59-63 C-HOUSl!lHOLD AND AGE (SAMPLE) TABLl!lS­ C-I Household (size and oomposition) 64-65 a-II Livelihood Classes by Age-groups 66-71 C-III Age and Civil Condition 72-75 C-IV Age and Literacy 76-79 C·Y Single Year Age Returns 80-87 D-SoOIAL AND CULTURAL TABLES- D·I Languages (i) Mother Tongue 88-89 (ii) Bilingualism 90-93 D-lI Religion .. 94-95 D·II! Scheduled Castes 94-95 D-IV Migrants 96-99 D-V (i) Displaced persons by year of arrival in India 100-101 (ii) Displaced persons by Livelihood Classes 102-103 D·tvt Non·Indian Nationals 102-103 O·VII Livelihood Olasses by Educational Stundards 104-109 PART II-VILLAGE, TOWN, PARGANA AND THANA STATISTICS Primary Census Abstract 112-155 2 pargana and Thana·wise population 156 PART III -MISCELLANEOUS STA'l'IS'l'ICS 1 Yital Statistics 158-161 2 A~ricultural Stat,istics-(i) Rainfall 162-163 (ii) Area as classified with details of ares under cultivation 164-167 (iii) Cropped Area 168-183 (iv) Irrigated Area 184-187 3 Live-Stock, Agrioultural Machinery and Implements 188-191 4 List of Primary Schools 192-196 ·IN~RODUOT10N- A-THE DISTRICT 1. The district of Muzaffarnagar is situated in the doab of the Ganga and the Yamuna. between the districts of Meerut on the south and Saharanpur on the north. On the w'iJst the Yamuna separates it from the Punjab; and on the east the river Ganga forms the boun­ dary between this district and the I}ijnor district. The total area of the. district is 1,683 sq_uare miles and its population in 1951 was 12 ·22 lakhs. It is divided into 4 tehsils, ] 7 parganas and 13 thanas. 2. The district consists of four fairly distinct tracts. On the extreme east is the Topoeraphy riverain tract of the Ganga. valley. Next comes the tract, between the Ganga and the western Kali Nadi, through which runs the Ganga canal. West of this again is the dcab of the Kali and the Hindan rivers. And, lastly, the remaining tract comprises that portion of the district which extends form the Hindan to the Yamuna. the eastern half of which is traversed' by the Yamuna canal. The Ganga valley or kltadar consists of a stretch of lowlying land which was presuma­ bly at one time the bed of the river. It is bounded on the west by the old high rank, a line of cliffs broken by ravines, which sometimes attains a height of one hundred feet above the low country, and which slopes <lawn from the level of the uplands towards thp Ganga itsel~. Its width is greatest towards the north and moying south,vards it gradually narrows. The rivers in this tract have constantly changed their coursc. During recent years it has greatly deteriorated due to floods from the Solani, formation of swamps and development of reh, a saline efflorescence which is the constant accompaniment of satura­ tion. All these three influences are attributable to the existence of cana]' The most waterlogged land is that nearest to the base of the cliffs. Towards the Ganga the soH becomes comparatively dry and firm. The upland abo.ve the khadal' lyirig between the ravines and the west Kali Nadi is generally known as the Ganga canal tract, as it is traversed fro~ north to south-west for its entire extent by the main Ganga canal. All along the high cliff there is a series of ravines worn by the surface drainage and of little value even for pasturage. Beyond these ravines come the uplands with a. general slope from east to west, and, close to the eastern boundary from west to east, with a more considerable slope from north to south. Large areas of fertile land have been destroyed by percolation from the canal. The most prominent physical fe!Lture of the entire sandy belt is the presence of sand, which occurs in belts of hillocks with a direction from north to south, and occasional transverse ridges in the north and a level sandy plain in the south. The tract has greatly improved by ample irrigation and careful cultivation, but even now only a comparative small proportion of the cultivated area is classed as loam or clay. Beyond the Kali Nadi west-wards is the central tract between that river and the Hindan. The land is high throughout and is naturally of a fertile character, but the water level is usually at a great depth. The eastern and western portions of the central high land slope down to the rivers on the either side, and are marked by much broken ground and a tendency, which is greatest in the south, to an increase of ravines which cut into the good land above. Between the ravines and the rivers there is a belt of lowlying land, which, especially in the khadar of the Kali Nadi is often unculturable owing to swamps. The soil is much less sandy than in the Ganga canal tract but one well-marked belt·of· sand passes through its centre. The remaining portion of the distriot west of the Hindan is traversed by the streams known as Kirsani and the Katha. The lands between the Hindan and the Kirsani is of a generally uniform character owing to the absence of sand. Near the rivers there is much pObr~soil. The lands are in places well adapted for rice cultivation but the land is not gooa and liability to floods renders cultivation precarious and uncertain. The broken ground that spreads between the valley of Hindan and the upland is 'of an extremely poor character and much of the land is not worthy of cultivation. Along the Kirsani the khada?' is small. The tract between the two rivers consists of a somewhat elevated plateau irri­ gated by a branch of the Yamuna canal. The southern half is the finest portion of the district having a high standard of cultivation. Beyond the Kirsani lies a good tract of of land traversed by the main channel of the eastern Yamuna canal. North of Shamli it deteriorates. There is a large amount of dhak jungle while along the canal the spre'.ad of reh has thrown considerable areas out of cultivation. 3. The main soils of the district are good ordinary loam known as ruusli, and stiff Soil: clay, such as-found in the rice tracts, called dakar. Besides these, there is a hard and stiff soil which has at· one time been the bed of a jhil : it is known as dabar and is often unculti- vable. Bhuf is the usual name for all light dry s~ils. It iF; vpry ul!evenly distributeq in the district. ii Olass!tleatlon 4, of area The figures of classification of area during the last fifty years are given in Table 2 of Part III of this volume, The proportion of area under the various categories works out as follows for 1950-51 : Actual figuros (in Particulars acres) percentage Cultivated area 775,567 74'2 Culturable waste (excluding current fallow) 99,937 9'6 Current fallow 31,865 3' I Forest 7 Area not available for cuHivation of which- 137,217 13' I (a) OOt'ered with water " 43,778 4'2 (b) Under sites.