SUSE® LINUX® Administration®
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SUSE® LINUX® Administration® Novell Training Services www.novell.com COURSE 3037 AUTHORIZED COURSEWARE Volume 1 Part # 100-005040-001 Version 3 Proprietary Statement Trademarks Copyright © 2005 Novell, Inc. All rights reserved. Novell, Inc. has attempted to supply trademark information about No part of this publication may be reproduced, photocopied, stored company names, products, and services mentioned in this manual. on a retrieval system, or transmitted without the express prior The following list of trademarks was derived from various sources. consent of the publisher. This manual, and any portion thereof, may not be copied without the express written permission of Novell, Inc. Novell, Inc. Trademarks Novell, Inc. 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Contents Contents Introduction Course Objectives . Intro-2 Audience . Intro-2 Certification and Prerequisites. Intro-3 SLES 9 Support and Maintenance . Intro-5 SLES 9 Online Resources . Intro-6 Agenda . Intro-6 Scenario . Intro-7 Exercise Conventions. Intro-8 SECTION 1 Introduction to Managing the SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Objectives . 1-1 Objective 1 Describe SLES 9 . 1-2 What’s New in SLES 9 . 1-3 Hardware Support and System Requirements . 1-11 Service and Support . 1-16 Linux Standards and SLES 9 . 1-19 Exercise 1-1 Explore Your KDE Desktop . 1-21 Objective 2 Access and Use YaST . 1-26 YaST Basics . 1-26 The Role of SuSEconfig . 1-29 Exercise 1-2 Customize Your SLES 9 Installation With YaST 1-31 Version 3 Copying all or part of this manual, or distributing such copies, is strictly prohibited. TOC-1 To report suspected copying, please call 1-800-PIRATES. SUSE Linux Administration Objective 3 Monitor Your SLES 9 System . 1-35 Boot Log Information (/var/log/boot.msg) . 1-35 Hardware Information (/proc/) . 1-39 Hardware Information (Command Line Utilities) . 1-40 System and Process Information (Command Line Utilities) . 1-41 GUI Desktop Utilities . 1-46 Exercise 1-3 Gather Information About Your SLES 9 Server . 1-51 Summary . 1-54 SECTION 2 Manage User Access and Security Objectives . 2-1 Objective 1 Describe Basic Linux User Security Features . 2-2 File System Security Components . 2-2 Users and Groups . 2-3 Exercise 2-1 Check User and Group Information on Your Server . 2-15 Ownership and Access Permissions . 2-16 Objective 2 Manage Linux Users and Groups . 2-17 Create and Edit User Accounts With YaST . 2-17 Create and Edit Groups With YaST . 2-20 Edit User Account Properties . 2-24 Configure Account Password Settings . 2-26 Manage User Accounts From the Command Line . 2-28 Manage Groups From the Command Line . 2-31 Create Text Login Messages . 2-32 Exercise 2-2 Create and Manage Users and Groups From the Command Line . 2-34 TOC-2 Copying all or part of this manual, or distributing such copies, is strictly prohibited. Version 3 To report suspected copying, please call 1-800-PIRATES. Contents Objective 3 Manage and Secure the Linux User Environment . 2-46 Perform Administrative Tasks as root . 2-46 Delegate Administrative Tasks With sudo . 2-49 Set Defaults for New User Accounts . 2-52 Configure Security Settings . 2-54 Exercise 2-3 Configure the Password Security Settings . 2-66 Objective 4 Secure Files and Directories With Permissions . 2-68 Permissions and Permission Values . 2-68 How to Set Permissions From the Command Line . 2-69 How to Set Permissions From a GUI Interface . 2-74 How to Modify Default Access Permissions . 2-76 How to Configure Special File Permissions . 2-78 How to Configure Additional File Attributes for ext2 . 2-80 Exercise 2-4 Set Permissions for Files and Directories From the Command Line . 2-82 Objective 5 Configure User Authentication With PAM . 2-84 Location and Purpose of PAM Configuration Files . 2-84 PAM Configuration File Structure . 2-86 PAM Configuration File Examples . 2-88 PAM Documentation Resources . 2-90 Exercise 2-5 Configure PAM Authentication for Digital Airlines Employees. 2-91 Objective 6 Implement and Monitor Enterprise Security Policies . 2-94 Guidelines for Implementing Security Policies . 2-94 Security Rules and Tips . 2-98 SuSE Security Information Resources . 2-99 How to Monitor Login Activity . 2-100 Exercise 2-6 Change the Security Settings. 2-105 Summary . .2-108 Version 3 Copying all or part of this manual, or distributing such copies, is strictly prohibited. TOC-3 To report suspected copying, please call 1-800-PIRATES. SUSE Linux Administration SECTION 3 Manage the Linux File System Objectives . 3-1 Objective 1 Select a Linux File System . 3-2 Linux File Systems . 3-3 Linux File System Formats . 3-6 Linux File System Characteristics . 3-14 File System Journaling . 3-20 Additional File System Documentation . 3-22 Objective 2 Configure Linux File System Partitions . 3-23 Partition Types . 3-23 Linux Device and Partition Names . 3-24 Design Guidelines for Implementing Partitions . 3-26 Design Guidelines for Optimizing Partitions . 3-28 How to Manage Partitions With YaST . 3-31 Exercise 3-1 Configure Partitions on Your Hard Drive . 3-41 Objective 3 Configure a File System With Logical Volume Management (LVM) . 3-45 LVM Components . 3-46 LVM Features . 3-48 How to Configure Logical Volumes With YaST . 3-48 Exercise 3-2 Create Logical Volumes . 3-54 Objective 4 Configure and Manage a Linux File System . 3-58 Create a File System From YaST . 3-58 Create a File System From the Command Line . 3-61 Mount a File System . 3-64 Exercise 3-3 Manage File Systems From the Command Line . 3-72 Monitor and Check a File System . 3-77 Create a Boot, Rescue, or Module Disk . 3-82 TOC-4 Copying all or part of this manual, or distributing such copies, is strictly prohibited.