War in Afghanistan 2001

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Afghanistan People and Pre-9/11 History Afghanistan Afghanistan Today: Religion • 80% Sunni Muslim • 19% Shia Muslim Afghanistan Today: Ethnicities • 42% Pashtun • 27% Tajik Life Expectancy = 50.11 years World Ranking = Updated: 219 out of 223 2/12/14 Population Growth Expected Current 31.1 million 2025 45 million 2050 75 million Updated: 2/12/14 Early Afghan History Afghanistan “Graveyard of the Empires” Afghanistan Independence (1919) from Great Britain (3 tries) • 1839 • 1878 • 1917 Afghan-Soviet War Dec 25, 1979 – Feb 15, 1989 American Support of the Mujahedeen • $3 billion in aid Stinger Missiles Results of the Afghan-Soviet War • over 1 million killed • over 5 million fled the country • over 2 million displaced within the country • 50% of all Afghans were killed, wounded, or displaced by the Soviet invasion Afghanistan Needed to Rebuild Civil War (1989 – 1996) Taliban Take Control of Afghanistan (1996 – 2001) Taliban and Al-Qaeda Taliban –political movement that governed Afghanistan from 1996 - 2001 Al-Qaeda –Islamic fundamentalist group whose objective is to end foreign influence in Muslim countries Osama bin Laden and al Qaeda Al-Qaeda and Worldwide Terrorism (based in Afghanistan) World Trade Center (1993) • 6 killed • 1,042 wounded Ramzi Yousef • Over $500 million in damages Uncle was: KSM Al Khobar, Saudi Arabia June 25, 1996 Khobar Towers • 19 killed • 372 wounded US Embassies Under Attack August 7, 1998 Dar es Salaam, Tanzania Nairobi, Kenya • 213 K & 4,000 W 11 K & 77 W American Response: Missile Attack Operation Infinite Reach August 20, 1998 Sudan Afghanistan Memorandum of Notification Clinton gave the order for the CIA to use lethal force to kill bin Laden. USS Cole (October 12, 2000) Adem, Yemen • 17 killed, 39 wounded September 11, 2001 Tough Road Ahead in Afghanistan (2001) Afghanistan (2001) • 7th poorest country in the world – Average daily income was $.48 • Annual Government Budget -$27 million – $1 per person • School -25% of school age children in school – Less than 33% could read • Roads –less than 10% paved • Planes -8 • TV Stations -1 • Drugs – (2001) 20,000 acres of poppy – (2002) 183,000 acres of poppy Work to do in Afghanistan .

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