Insect and Mite Pests Diversity in the Important Vegetable Crops Ecosystems in

G.P. Das, Ph.D.

IUCN-The World Conservation Union Bangladesh Country Office June 2004 UICN Bibliothaque CH - 11 96 Gland The materials in this publication may be reproduced in whole or in part and in any form for educational or non-profit purposes, without special permission from the copyright holder, provided proper acknowledgement of the source is made. IUCN Bangladesh would appreciate receiving a copy of any publication, which uses this document as a source. Foreword The designation of geographical entities in this book, and the presentation of the material, do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of IUCN concerning the legal status of any country, territory, administration, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. Biodiversity or, the diversity of life has qlways fascinated people everywhere. It constitutes the outcome of the evolutionary processes of living organisms. This publication may not be resold or used for any other commercial purpose without the prior written permission of IUCN Bangladesh. The numbers of the flora and the fauna and their diversities increased geometrically through perhaps 2.5 billion years, proliferating by biological Published by: IUCN Bangladesh Country Office processes, and controlled by natural selection, filling almost every habitable IUCN ecological niche all around us. Biodiversity, also called "natural capital" consists flt WN1• Ctwrl1l111 l1ln of every form of life from microbes to the mightiest beasts and the gigantic Copyright: © 2004, IUCN-The World Conservation Union trees. Bangladesh with her warm and humid climate is very rich in biodiversity Reproduction of this publication for educational or other non­ including mammals, birds, reptiles, amphibians, marine and freshwater commercial purposes is authorized without prior written , angiosperms, soil organisms, , etc. To date, a lot of discussions permission from the copyright holder provided the source is fully have taken place in our country, mostly centred around the higher plants and acknowledged. . Insects constitute a great richness in biodiversity, contributing a Citation : Das, G. P. 2004. and Mite Pests Diversity in the Important massive 70 per cent share in the global kingdom, notwithstanding the Vegetable Crops Ecosystems in Bangladesh. IUCN Bangladesh comparative negligence in their studies and documentation. Country Office, Dhaka, Bangladesh, iii+ 22 pp. Documentation on the diverse insects, mites and vegetable crop pests in ISBN: 984-85 74-05-0 Bangladesh has been rather scanty and sporadic. It is difficult to get the Layout: Sheikh Asaduzzaman scientific names along with the taxonomic position of all the recorded insect

Cover design : G.P.Das and mite pest species of vegetable crops in one document. Efforts have been made in the present publication to bring together all insect and mite pests Printed by: Progressive Printers Pvt. Ltd. associated with the vegetable crops recorded in whatever form since 1948 to Available at: IUCN-The World Conservation Union date, along with their current scientific names, orders, families, pest status, etc. Bangladesh Country Office House #11, Road #138 The insect and mite pest diversity in the vegetable crops ecosystems will not Gulshan 1, Dhaka-1212, Bangladesh only remind us of their richness and status, but will also help us understand Tel: 880-2-9890423, 9890395 Fax: 880-2-9892854 their roles in maintaining the natural balance in the ecosystem. This will also E-mail: [email protected] facilitate the research and documentation of insects from other cropping systems. It is hoped that the publication will be of use to the students, Cover Photos: Front Cover (From left to right): academics, scientists, extension personnel, environmentalists, etc. A cut open brinjal fruit showing the nature of damage by the brinjal shoot and fruit borer, A country bean pod damaged by the flower and pod borer, A' pani kachu' (low land taro) leaf damaged by the common cutworm. This publication is an additional outcome of the Biodiversity Strategic Action

Back Cover (From left to right): Plan project. I appreciate the hard work and sincere efforts of Dr. G. P. Das in A country bean leaf damaged by the country bean leaf paster, A cucurbit leaf damaged by the epilachna preparing such a handy and useful document. , A cut open sweet root damaged by the sweet potato weevil.

Dhaka Dr.Ainun Nishat June 2004 Country Representative IUCN Bangladesh Country Office Insect and Mite Pests Dlversl t)' in the Important Vegetable uops Ecos ste01s In Ban ladesh

Insect and Mite Pests Diversity in the Important Vegetable Crops Ecosystems in Bangladesh

G. P.Das 1 Tuber Crops Research Centre Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute Joydebpur, Gazipur, Bangladesh

Abstract

Since 1948 (the practical beginning of the crop entomology in the area now called Bangladesh) the insect and mite pests of different crops have been recorded and documented. The paper reports the insect and mite pests recorded and documented during 1948 and 2003 from the vegetable crops (brinjal, potato, sweet potato, aroids, yams, cabbage, cauliflower, knolkhol, radish, turnip, lady's finger, , cucurbrts, beans, kangkong, lettuce and amaranthus) ecosystems with their common and scientific names, orders, families and pest status (key I major, minor and occasional). Over 175 species of insect and mite pests have been recorded from the vegetable crops ecosystems in Bangladesh. This testifies the great diversity of the insect and mite pests in the vegetable crops ecosystems here.

Introduction Research on the crop entomology in the region now called Bangladesh practically started from 1948 after the partition of the British . Since then the insect and mite pests of different crops have been recorded and documented in different journals, reports, books, reviews, etc. It is hard to get all information together in one place. In the present contribution attempts have been made to compile the insect and mite pest species recorded from different vegetable crops (brinjal, potato, sweet potato, aroids, yams, cabbage,

I Present address: Agricultural Biotechnology Support Project II (ABSP II), House 18, Road 4, Sector 4, Uttara, Dhaka. Insect and Mite Pests Diversity in the Important Vegetable crops Ecos stems In Ban ladesh j

cauliflower, knolkhol, radish, turnip, lady's finger, tomato, cucurbits, beans, Table 1. Insect and mite pests of the important vegetable crops kangkong, lettuce and amaranthus) with their common and scientific names, ecosystems in Bangladesh. orders,families and pest status (key I major, minor and occasional). Pertinent references have been thoroughly consulted and cited. Common Scientific Order Family Status Reference List of the insect and mite pest species associated with the important name name vegetable crops ecosystems in Bangladesh Brinjal The recorded insect and mite pest species of the important vegetable crops in Bangladesh are listed in Table 1. Attempts have been made to use the current Shoot and orbonalis Major Alam eta/., scientific names of the insect and mite pest species. In some cases the fruit borer Guenee 1964;Alam, synonyms have also been given. 1967;Alam, Epilachna Henosepilachna Coleoptera Cocci- Major 1969; Islam, (=Epilachna) nellidae 1999;Das, vigintioctopunctata 2003 (Fab.)

Epilachna Epilachna Coleoptera Cocci- Major beetle dodecastigma nellidae (Wied.)

Leafhopper Amrasca (=Empoasca) Homoptera Cica- Major (Jassid) devastans (Distant) dellidae (=Jassidae)

Leafhopper Nephotettix Homoptera Ci ca- Minor bipunctatus Fab. dellidae

Mealy bug Coccidohystrix Pseudo- Homo- Major (=Centrococcus) coccidae ptera insolitus (Green)

Black Agrotis ipsilon Lepidoptera Noctui- Major cutworm (Hufnagel) dae

Black ant Camponotus Hymen- Formi- Minor compressus Fab. optera cidae

Brown ant Tetramorium Hymen- Formi- Major guineenae Fab. optera cidae

Field Brachytrypes Orthoptera Gryllidae Major cricket portentosus Licht . Leaf roller Antoba (=Eublemma) Lepidoptera Noctui- Minor olevacea (Walker) dae

02 03 Insect and Mite Pests Diversit in the Im ortant Ve etable cro s Ecos stems in Ban · ladesh Insect and Mite Pests Diversit In the Im ortant Ve etable cro s Ecosystems In Ban ladesh

Table 1. contd ... Table 1. contd ...

Common Scientific Common Scientific Order Family Status Orser Family Status Reference name name Reference name hame

Leaf feeder Cryptothrips aculta L. Lepidoptera Noctli- Minor Hairy Moore Lepidoptera Noctui- Major idae caterpillar dae .

Minor Aphis gossypii Glover Homoptera Aphidi- Minor Brown Crotogonus sp. Orthoptera Acrididae dae grasshopper

Hemiptera Tingidae Minor Lacewing Urentius hystricel/us Monolepta signata Coleoptera Chryso- Minor bug (Richter) ( == U. echinus (Olivier) melidae Distant)

Hooded Oxyrhachis tarandus Homoptera Membr- Minor Grass- Atractomorpha Orthoptera Acrididae Minor hopper Fab. acidae hopper psittacina De Haan

Leaf beetle Luperomorpha Coleoptera Chryso- Minor Mite Tetranychid mite Acarina Tetrany- Minor birmanica (Jacoby) melidae (unidentified) chidae

Leaf beetle Luperomorpha Coleoptera Chryso- Minor Potato vittata Duvivier melidae Black Agrotis ipsilon Lepidoptera Noctui- Major Alam eta/., Leafhopper Nirvana sp. Homoptera Jassidae Minor cutworm (Hufnagel) dae 1964;Alam, 1969; Ahmed Stem borer perticella Lepidoptera Pyralidae Minor Field Brachytrypes Orthoptera Gryllidae Minor eta/., 1991; Ragonot cricket portentosus Licht. Karim, 1993 ;Das, Grass- Orthacris sp. Orthoptera Acrididae Minor Small red Dory/us orientalis Hymeno- Formi- Minor 1995 , hopper ant Westwood ptera cidae 1997a; Das,2003 Black ant Pheido/ogeton Hymeno- Formi- Minor Lacewing Urentius sentis Tingidae Minor diversus (Jerdon) ptera cidae bug Distant

Green Myzus persicae Homoptera Aphidi- Major Lacewing Urentius sp. Hemiptera Tingidae Minor peach (Sulzer) dae bug aphid

Aphid Aphis gossypii Glover Homoptera Aphidi- Minor Leaffeeder Euproctis virguncula Lepidoptera Lyman- Minor dae Walker triidae

04 OS Insect and Mite Pests Diversit in the Im artant Ve etable era s Ecos stems in Ban ladesh Insect and Mite Pests Diversit in the Im artantVe etable era s Ecos stems in Ban ladesh I

Table 1. contd ... Table 1. contd ...

Cpmmon Scientific Common Scientific Order Family Status Reference Order Family Status Reference name name name name

Sweet potato Aphid Macrosiphum Homoptera Aphidi- Minor euphorbiae (Tho'mas) dae Sweet Cy/as formicarius Col~optera Curculi- Major Alam eta/., (= Macrosiphum potato (Fab.) onidae 1964;Alam, solanifolii Ashmead) weevil (Apioni- 1969;Das dae) and Islam, Leafhopper Amrasca devastans Homoptera Cicade- Major 1985a;Das, (Distant) llidae Sweet Blosyrus asel/us Coleoptera Curculi- Major 1994 potato Marshall onidae Whitefly Bemisia tabaci Homoptera Aleyro- Minor weevil (Gennadius) didae

Epilachna Henosepilachna Coleoptera Cocci- Minor Sweet Manophyas sp. Coleoptera Curculi- Major beetle (=Epilachna) vigintioc- nellidae potato onidae topunctata (Fab.) weevil

Epilachna Epilachna dodecas- Coleoptera Cocci- Minor Jute hairy Spilarchtia Lepidoptera Arctiidae Occa- beetle tigma (Wied.) nellidae caterpillar (=Spilosoma) obliqua sional (Walker) Hairy cater- Dasychira mendosa Lepidoptera Lyman- Minor pillar Hubner triidae Black hairy Estigmene Lepidoptera Arctiidae Minor Jute hairy Spilarchtia Lepidoptera Arctiidae Minor caterpillar chinensis Hope caterpillar (=Spilosoma) obliqua (Walker) Sweet Omphisa Lepidoptera Pyralidae Minor potato anastomosalis Leaf beetle Monolepta signata Coleoptera Chrysa- Minor vine borer (Guenee) Olivier melidae Sweet Herse convolvuli Lepidoptera Sphingi- Minor Leaf beetle Monolepta orientalis Coleoptera Chrysa- Minor potato (Linn.) dae (Jacoby) melidae horn worm Mealy bug Pseudococcus Homoptera Pseudo- Minor (sphinx nipae Maskell coccidae )

Potato Phthorimaea Lepidoptera Gele- Major Sweet Perical/ia ricini (Fab.) Lepidoptera Arctiidae Minor tuber moth operculel/a (Zeller) chiidae potato (in home hairy storage) caterpillar White mite Hemitarsonemus Acarina Tetrany- Minor lotus Banks chidae Sweet Euchromia polymena Lepidoptera Syn to- Minor Fly (sorghu- Atherigona excisa Diptera Muscidae Minor potato leaf Linn. midae m shoot fly) Thomas caterpillar

06 07 I Insect and Mite Pests DlversltY- In the Im orrant V etable crops Ecosxstems In Banglade.fil.__ Insect and Mite Pests Diversi in the Im ortant Ve. etable cro s Eco stems In Ban ladesh

Table 1. contd ... Table 1. contd ...

Comm0n Scientific Commqn Scientific Order Family Status Reference Order Family Status Reference name name name name Yams Sweet Aspidomorpha Coleoptera Chryso- Minor melidae potato dorsata Fab. Leaf and Lilioceris impressa Col~optera Chryso- Major Das and tortoise bu Ibi I (Fabricius) melidae Islam, beetle feeder 1984 Sweet Metriona circumdata Coleoptera Chryso- Minor Cabbage potato Herbst melidae tortoise Black Agrotis ipsilon Lepidoptera Noctui- Minor Alam eta/., beetle cutworm (Hufnagel) dae 1964;Alam, 1969;Ali Sweet Oliarus lodgarti Hemiptera Cixiidae Minor Common Spodoptera litura Lepidoptera Noctui- Major and Karim, potato Distant cutworm (Fabricius) dae 1995; bug Biswas Diamond- Piute/la xylostella Lepidoptera Yponom Major eta/., 1996; Sweet Exitianus indicus Homoptera Cicade- Minor back moth (Linn.) eutidae Das, 1998 potato Distant llidae (Piute II- hopper idae)

Sweet Carphurus sp. Coleoptera Mela- Minor Semi looper Plusia orichalcea (Fab.) Lepidoptera Noctui- Minor potato chiidae dae beetle Aphid Lipaphis erysimi Homoptera Aphidi- Minor Aro ids (Kaltenbach) dae

Red spider Tetranychus sp. Acarina Tetrany- Major Das,1995, Pieris brassicae Lepidoptera Minor mite chidae 1997b, (Linn.) 1998

Common Spodoptera litura Lepidoptera Noctui- Occa- Butterfly Pieris canidia Lepidoptera Pieridae Minor cutworm (Fabricius) dae sional (Sparrman)

Taro Hippotion celerio Lepidoptera Sphin- Major Butterfly Pieris hecabe Linn. Lepidoptera Pieridae Minor hornworm (Linn.) gidae

Leafhopper Amrasca Homoptera Ci ca de- Minor Butterfly sita Linn. Lepidoptera Pieridae Minor (=Empoasca) sp. llidae Leaf beetle Lema coromen- Coleoptera Chryso- Minor Whitefly Bemisia tabaci Homoptera Aleyro- Minor daliana Fab. melidae (Gennadius) didae Aphid Aphis gossypii Glover Homoptera Aphidi- Minor Leaf beetle Haltica cyanea Coleoptera Chryso- Minor dae Weber melidae

08 09 I Insect and Mite Pests Dive rsity In the Im ortant Vegetable crops Ecosystems ln Ban ladesh Insect and Mite Pests Diversity in the Im ortant Ve etable cro s Ecos stems in Ban ladesh Table 1. contd ... Table 1. contd ... Common Scientific Order Family Status Reference Common Scientific name name Order Family Status Reference name name Butterfly Pieris brassicae (Linn.) Lepidoptera Pieridae Minor Fly Sciara rufithorax Diptera Sciaridae Major Butterfly Pieris canidia Lepidoptera Pieridae Minor Wulp. (Sparrman) Cabbage He/Ju/a undo/is (Fab.) Lepidoptera Pyralidae Major Butterfly Pieris hecabe Linn. Lepidoptera Pieridae Minor borer Fly Sciara rufithoraxWulp. Diptera Sciaridae Major Aphid Brevicoryne brassicae Homoptera Aphidi- Major Knolkhol (Linn.) dae Aphid Lipaphis erysimi Homoptera Aphidi- Major Alam eta/., Mustard Crocidolomia Lepidoptera Pyralidae Minor (Kaltenbach) dae 1964;Alam, caterpillar binotalis Zeller 1969;Ali Mustard Crocidolomia Lepidoptera Pyralidae Major and Karim, caterpillar binotalis Zeller Bug Murgantia histrionica Hemiptera Penta- Minor 1995 (Hahn) tomidae Diamond- Piute/la xylostel/a Lepidoptera Yponom Minor Epilachna Epilachna Coleoptera Cocci- Minor back moth (Linn.) eutidae beetle dodecastigma (Wied.) nellidae (Plutelli- dae)

Leafhopper Nephotettix Homoptera Ci ca de- Minor Common Spodoptera Lepidoptera Noctui- Major bipunctatus Fab. llidae cutworm litura (Fabricius) dae

Acri di- Minor Grass- Atractomorpha Orthoptera Butterfly Pieris brassicae (Linn.) Lepidoptera Pieridae Minor hopper crenulata Fab. dae Beetle Phyllotreta chotanica Coleoptera Chryso- Minor Leaf miner Phytomyza hortico/a Diptera Agro- Minor Duvivier melidae Goureau myzidae Radish

Flea beetle Phyllotreta cruciferae Coleoptera Chryso- Minor Leaf beetle Haltica cyanea Weber Coleoptera Chryso- Minor Alam eta/., (Goeze) melidae melidae 1964;Alam 1969;Ali Cauliflower Leaf beetle Phyl/otreta brassicae Coleoptera Chryso- Minor Alam melidae and Karim, Lepidoptera Noctui- Major Alam eta/., 1995; Common Spodoptera litura Leaf beetle Phyllotreta sp. Coleoptera Chryso- Minor (Fabricius) dae 1964;Alam Rashid cutworm melidae 1969;Ali and Singh, Diamond- Piute/la xylostel/a Lepidoptera Yponom- Major Bug Eurydema pu/chrum Hemiptera Penta to- Minor and Karim, 2000 back moth (Linn.) eutidae Westw. midae 1995; (Plutel- Rashid lidae) Aphid Unidentified Homoptera Aphidi- Minor and Singh, dae Aphid Lipaphis erysimi Homoptera Aphidi- Major 2000 (Kaltenbach) dae

10 11 Insect and Mite Pests Dlversi Insect and Mite Pests Diversity in the Important Vegetable crops Ecosystems In Bangladesh I

Table 1. contd ... Table 1. contd ...

Common Scientific Comm0n Scient ific Order Family Status Reference Order Family Status Reference name name name name

Common Spodoptera litura Lepidoptera Noctui- Major Leaf beetle Formiconus antiguus Coleoptera Anthici- Minor cutworm (Fabricius) dae Kerr dae Diamond- Piute/la xylostella Lepidoptera Ypono- Major Shoot Atmetonychus Cofeoptera Curculio- Major back moth (Linn.) meutidae borer peregrinus Olivier nidae (Plutelli- Root Myllocerus 11- Coleoptera Curculio- Minor dae) feeder pustulatus Faust nidae Turnip Leaf Heminodes indicus Coleoptera Eumol- Minor Leaf beetle Haltica cyanea Coleoptera Chrysa- Minor Alam eta/., feeding Jacoby pidae Weber melidae 1964;Alam, beetle 1969;Ali Diamond- Piute/la xylostel/a Lepidoptera Ypono- Minor and Karim, Leaf Monolepta orientalis Coleoptera Chrysa- Minor back moth (Linn.) meutidae 1995 feeding (Jacoby) melidae (Piute Iii- beetle dae)

Aphid Lipaphis erysimi Homoptera Aphidi- Major Leaf Melanephthalma Coleoptera Lathri- Minor (Kaltenbach) dae feeding distinguenda C. diidae beetle Lady's finger

Shoot and Earias vittel/a (Fab.) Lepidoptera Noctui- Major Alam eta/., Spittle bug Ptye/us nebu/osus Homoptera Cereo- Minor fruit borer dae 1964;Alam, Fab. pidae 1967 ;Alam, Leafhopper Amrasca (=Empoasca) Homoptera Cicade- Major 1969; Karim, devastans (Distant) llidae (= Spittle bug Rhopa/us Homoptera Cereo- Minor 1993 ;Das, Jassidae) macropictus Distant pidae 1998 Whitefly Bemisia tabaci Homoptera Aleyro- Major (Gennadius) didae Lygaeid Paromius exiguus Hemiptera Lygaei- Minor Leaf roller derogata Lepidoptera Pyralidae Major bug Distant dae (Fab.)

Leaf roller Syllepte sp. Lepidoptera Pyralidae Minor Pentatomid Dolycoris indicus Stal Hemiptera Pentato- Minor bug midae Red cotton Dysdercus cingu/atus Hemiptera Pyrrho- Major (Fab.) coridae bug Leaf roller Sylepte sp. Lepidoptera Pyralidae Minor Aphid Aphis gossypii Glover Homoptera Aphidi- Major - dae Mite Lasioselus sp. Acarina Aceose- Minor Coleoptera Chrysa- Minor Leaf beetle Pachnephorus jidae bretinghami Baly melidae

12 13 Insect and Mite Pests Oiversit in the Im orta nt Ve etable cro s Ecos stems in Bangladesh Insect and Mite Pests Diversit in the Im ortant Ve etable cro s Ecos stems in Ban ladesh

Table 1. contd ... Table 1. contd ...

Comm0n Scientific Common Scientific Order Family Status Reference Order Family Status Reference name name name name I Tomato Cucurbits

Fruit borer Helicoverpa armigera Lepidoptera Noctui- Minor Alam eta/., Pumpkin Aulacophora (=Raphi- Col.eoptera Chrysa- Major Alam eta/., (Hubner) dae 1964;Alam, beetle dopa/pa) foveicollis melidae 1964;Alam, 1969; Islam, (Lucas) 1967 ;Alam,. Aphid Aphis craccivora Koch Homoptera Aphidi- Major 1999; 1969; dae Pumpkin Aulacophora Coleoptera Chrysa- Major Kabir et al., Kabir et al., beetle abdominalis Fab. melidae Cocci- Epilachna Henosepilachna Coleoptera Major 1991 ; 1991; beetle (=Epilachna) nellidae Rashid Pumpkin Aulacophora Coleoptera Chrysa- Minor Karim, vigintioctopunctata and Singh, beetle frontalis Baly melidae 1993; (Fab.) 2000 Ahmed Epilachna Epilachna Coleoptera Cocci- Major Epilachna Henosepilachna (=Epi- Coleoptera Cocci- Major eta/., 1996; beetle dodecastigma nellidae beetle /achna) vigintioctop- nellidae Akhta- (Wied.) unctata (Fab.) ruzzaman Leafhopper Amrasca (=Empoasca) Homoptera Ci ca de- Major et al., 1999; Epilachna Epilachna Coleoptera Cocci- Major (Jassid) devastans (Distant) llidae (= Das, 1998; beetle dodecastigma (Wied.) nellidae Jassidae) Rashid and Singh, 2000; Common Spodoptera Lepidoptera Noctui- Major Epilachna Epilachna varivestis Coleoptera Cocci- Minor Das,2000 cutworm litura (Fabricius) dae beetle (=corrupta) Mulsant nellidae (pers.obs. Fruit fly Dacus cucurbitae Diptera Tephri- Minor of the (Coquillett) tidae Epilachna Epilachna sparsa Coleoptera Cocci- Minor author) beetle (Hbst.) nellidae Aphid Geoica lucifugas Homoptera Aphidi- Minor (Zhut.) dae Epilachna Epilachna Coleoptera Cocci- Minor Aphid Rhopa/osiphum Homoptera Aphidi- Minor beetle septima Dieke nellidae maidis (Fitch) dae Aphid Rhopa/osiphum rufi- Homoptera Aphidi- Minor Fruit fly Bactrocera (Dacus) Diptera Tephriti- Major abdominalis (Sasaki) dae cucurbitae (Coquillett) dae (Tr- Aphid minuta Homoptera Aphidi- Minor ypetidae) (V.d.G.) dae Fruit fly Dacus caudatus Fab. Diptera Tephriti- Major Aphid Tetraneura hirsuta Homoptera Aphidi- Minor dae (Baker) dae Flea beetle Phyllotreta chotanica Coleoptera Chrysa- Minor Aphid Tetraneura nigriab- Homoptera Aphidi- Minor Duvivier melidae domino/is (Sasaki) dae Mealy bug Pseudococcus Homoptera Pseudo- Minor Stem fly Lasioptera fa/cata Felt Diptera Ceceido- Minor virgatus (Cockerell) coccidae myiidae

14 15 r:

Insect and Mite Pests Diversi in the Im ortant Ve etable cro s Ecos stems in Ban ladesh Insect and Mite Pests Diversity in the Im portant Vegetable crops Ecosystems in Bangladesh I

Table 1. contd ... Table 1. contd ...

Common Scientific Common Scientific Order Family Status Reference Order Family Status Reference name name name name

Fly Sciara rufithorax Diptera Sciaridae Major Flower Carpophilus Coleoptera Nitiduli- Minor Wulp. beetle cylindricus Mur. dae Skipper Gegines gullatus Lepldoptera Hesper- Minor Shoot Apomecyna Coleoptera Ceram- Minor B.&G. _._ iidae borer neg/ecta Pase. bycidae Bug Agonosce/is nubila Hemiptera Pentato- Minor Fab. midae Pentatomid Aspongopus Hemiptera Pentato- Minor Ant Phedo/ogeton Hemen- Formici- Minor bug (=Coridius) janus Fab. midae diversus (Jerdon) optera dae Vine boring Apomecyna saltator Lepidoptera Lamiidae Minor Pentatomid Aspongopus sp. Hemiptera Pentato- Minor beetle Fab. (=pertigera bug midae Thomson) Aphid Aphis gossypii Glover Homoptera Aphidi- Minor Mirid bug Nesidiocoris Hemiptera Miridae Minor dae (=Cyrtopeltis) sp. Fruit fly Bactrocera tau Diptera Teph riti- Minor (Walker) dae (Tr- Coreid bug Leptog/ossus australis Hemiptera Coreidae Minor ypetidae) ( = membranaceus ) Fruit fly Dacus ci/iatus (Loew) Diptera Tephriti- Minor (Fab.) dae

Leaf Exitianus indicus Homoptera Cicade- Minor Fruit fly Dacus diversus Diptera Tephriti- Minor hopper (Distant) llidae (Coquillett) dae Mite Tetranychus sp. Acarina Tetrany- Minor Melittia indica Butl. Lepidoptera Sesiidae Minor Shoot chidae borer Beans Hooded Leptocentrus taurus Homoptera Mem- Minor Aphid Aphis craccivora Homoptera Aphidi- Major Alam eta/., hopper (Fab.) bracidae Koch* dae 1964;Alam, Th rips Thrips flavidus Bagnall Thysanop- Thripidae Minor 1967;Alam, Aphid Aphis medicaginis Homoptera Aphidi- Major tera 1969;Das Koch* dae and Islam, Pumpkin Diaphania indica Lepidoptera Pyralidae Minor 1985b,c; Flower and Maruca vitrata Lepidoptera Pyralidae Major caterpillar (Saunders) Ahmad and pod borer (= testula/is) (Geyer) Sardar, Homoptera Cicade- Minor Leaf Exitianus sp. 1994; llidae Flower and Helicoverpa ormigera Lepidoptera Noctui- Minor hopper Das, 1998; pod borer (Hubner) dae Penta to- Aspongopus Hemiptera Pentato- Minor Islam, 1999; mid bug brunneus Thunberg midae Flower and Lepidoptera Lycaeni- Minor Rashid and pod borer (Fab.) dae Singh,2000

16 17 I Insect and Mite Pests Diversity in the Important Vegetable croe s Ecosystems in Bangladesh Insect and Mite Pests Diversit in the Im ortant Ve etable cro s Ecos stems in Ban ladesh

Table 1. contd ... Table 1. contd ...

Common Scientific Common Scientific Order Family Status Reference Order Family Status Reference 11ame name name name

Leaf miner Cosmopteryx sp. Lepidoptera Cos mop- Major Pea stem Agromyza sp. Diptera Agro- Minor terygidae fly myzidae

Country Hedylepta Lepidoptera Pyralidae Minor Stem fly Celyphus obtectus Diptera Celyphi- Minor bean leaf (=Laprosema) Dalm. dae paster indicata (Fab.) Shoot Sagra femorata Coleoptera Chrysa- Minor Bug Coptosoma cribarium Hemiptera Penta to- Major borer (Drury) melidae (Fab.) midae Shoot Alcides collaris Coleoptera Curculi- Minor weevil Pascoe onidae Green Plusia orichalcea Lepidoptera Noctui- Minor semi looper (Fab.) dae Leaf weevil Blosyrus oniscus Coleoptera Curculi- Minor Olivier onidae

Hooded Leptocentrus taurus Homoptera Membra- Minor Kangkong hopper (Fab.) cidae Vine borer Omphisa anasto- Lepidoptera Pyralidae Minor Das and Shoot Sagra carbunculus Coleoptera Chryso- Minor mosa/is (Guenee) Islam, borer Hope melidae 1985a Lettuce Moth Amata pasa/is Fab. Lepidoptera Syntom- Minor idae Leaf beetle Haltica cyanea Coleoptera Chrysa- Minor Alam eta/., Weber melidae 1964 Pod borer Lepidoptera Noctui- Minor Aphid Lipaphis erysimi Moore dae Homoptera Aphidi- Major (Kaltenbach) dae Leaf weevil Co/poscelis Coleoptera Chrysa- Minor Amaranthus kanarensis Jacoby melidae Leaf roller Hymenia fascia/is Lepidoptera Pyralidae Major Alam eta/., Cow pea Riptorus fuscus (Fab.) Hemiptera Alydidae Minor Cramer 1964;Alam bug 1967 ;Alam Leaf Apoderus Coleoptera Curculi- Minor 1969 twisting tranquebaricus Fab. onidae Bean fly Ophiomyia phaseoli Diptera Agro my- Minor weevil (Tryon) (= Agromyza zidae phaseo/i (Tryon)) Leaf eating Hypolixus Coleoptera Curculi- Minor weevil truncatulus (Fab.) onidae

* In the economic literature Aphis craccivora occurs for many decades Shoot Lixus brachyrhinus Coleoptera Curculi- Minor under the name of Aphis medicaginis, both of them are now recognized boring Bo he man onidae as distinct species (llharco and Van Harten, 1987). weevil

18 19 I Insect and Mite Pests Diversit ln the Im ortant Ve crable cro s Ecos Stems i Ban ladesh Insect and Mite Pests Diversit in the Im ortant Ve etable cro s Ecos stems in Ban ladesh

Table 1. contd ...

Common Scientific Reference name name Order Family Status

Bug Cletus pugnator Hemiptera Coreidae Minor (Fab.) (=Cletus trigonus (Thunberg))

Lygaeid Nysius incospicuous Hemiptera Lygaei- Minor bug Distant dae

Leaf roller Hymenia recurvalis Lepidoptera Pyralidae Minor References Fab.

Ahmad, M. and M.A. Sardar. 1994. Integrated control of bean aphid (Aphis Th rips Aeolothrips co/loris Thysanop- Aelothri- Minor medicaginis Koch) using predator and insecticide. Legume Res. 17( 1):1-4. Priesner tera pidae (= Aeolothrips Ahmed, K. N., M. Khatun and A. R. Khan. 1996. The biology of epilachna beetle, fulvico/lis Bagnall) Epilachna septima Dieke (Coleoptera:Coccinellidae: Epilachninae) infesting bitter gourd in Bangladesh. Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 31(1):147- Th rips Frankliniella Thysanop- Thripi- Minor 152. intonsa (Trybom) tera dae Ahmed, S., S. B. Huq and F. A. Talukder. 1991. Rate of infestation of leaf eating beetle, Monolepta orientalis (Coleoptera : Galerucidae) to different varieties of potato. Progress. Agri. 2(1):93-95. Conclusion Akhtaruzzaman, M., M. Z. Alam and M. A. Sardar. 1999. Identification and Many insect and mite pest species recorded by different authors as key I distribution of fruit flies infesting cucurbits in Bangladesh. Bangladesh j. major pests have now attained the status of minor pests as revealed by the entomol. 9 (1&2):93-101. practical field experiences. Similarly, many major I minor insect and mite pest Alam, M. Z. , A. Ahmed, 5. Alam and M. A. Islam (comp.). 1964. A Review of species have now become occasional pests. Even the existence of some Research, Division of Entomology (1947-1964). The Agricultural early recorded insect and mite pest species of vegetables crops is now Information Service, 3 R. K. Mission Road, Dacca. 272 p. doubtful and it is expected that some are now extinct species. This is due to the changing cropping pattern, cropping intensity, prophylactic use of Alam, M. Z . 1967. A Report on the Survey of Insect and Mite Fauna of East insecticides, change of climate, etc. However, a comprehensive country wide . East Pakistan Agricultural Research Institute, Dacca.151 p. survey for a duration of at least three years is necessary to ascertain the Alam, M. Z . 1969. Insect Pests of Vegetables and their Control in East present diversity of the insect and mite pest species of the vegetable crops Pakistan. The Agricultural Information Service, Department of ecosystems in this country. Agriculture, 3 R. K. Mission Road, Dacca. 146p.

Ali, M. I. and M.A. Karim. 1995. Host range, abundance and natural enemies of diamond -back moth in Bangladesh. Bangladesh j. entomol. 5 (1 &2): 25- 32.

Biswas, G. C., M. Y. Mian and M. C. Saha. 1996. Incidence and status of insect pests associated with cabbage at Khagrachari. Bangladesh J. Agri. Res. 21 (1):162-167.

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Das, G, P. and M.A. Islam. 1984. Life history of Lilioceris impressa and its damage Kabir, S. M. H., R. Rahman and M.A. S. Mollah. 1991. Host plants of dacine fruit on 'pesta alu' (Dioscorea bulbifera). Bangladesh J.Agric. 9: 69-75. flies (Diptera :Tephritidae) of Bangladesh. Bangladesh J. Entomol. 1: 69-75.

Das, G, P. and M. A. Islam. 1985a. Sweet potato vine borer , Omphisa Karim, M. A. 1993. Vegetable Protection (Insects). A Consultancy Report. anastomosa/is Guenee (Pyralidae:Lepidoptera): a newly recorded pest in BARC/BARI and AVRDC Project, ARP II, USAID, 388-0051, Bangladesh Bangladesh. Bangladesh J. Agric. 1O:65-69. Agricultural Research Institute, Joydebpur, Gazipur. 104p.

Das, G. P. and M. A. Islam. 1985b. On the biology of the country bean leaf Rashid, M.A. and D. P. Singh. 2000. A Manual on Vegetable Seed Production in paster, Hedylepta indicata Fabricius (Lepidoptera : Pyralidae). Bangladesh J. Bangladesh. AVRDC- USAID- Bangladesh project, Horticulture Research Agri. Res. 10(1): 28-33. Centre, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Joydebpur, Gazipur. 1l9p. Das, G. P. and M. A. Islam. 1985c. Maruca testula/is (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae): an important pest of country bean in Bangladesh. Bangladesh J.Agri. Res. 10: 57 - 66.

Das, G. P. 1994. Inset pests of sweet potato in Bangladesh and their management .J. Root Crops (India). 20(1): 34- 43.

Das G.P.1995. Insect pest management of tuber crops - recommendations and future plan. In: Ahmed, H.U., M. S. Islam, M.A. Malek, A. Ahmed, M. S. Alam, D. R. Hasan and M.A. Islam (ed.). Proceedings of Workshop of Transfer of Technology of CDP Crops under Research Extension Linkage Programme. pp.186-193. BARI, Joydebpur, Bangladesh.

Das, G. P. 1997a. Insect and mite pests of potato in Bangladesh and their management: a review.J. Asiat. Soc. Bangladesh, Sci. 23(1):101-109.

Das, G. P. 1997b. Effectiveness of some insecticides against the red spider mite ,Tetranychus sp. (Acarina:Tetranychidae) infesting taro. Bangladesh J. Zoo/. 25(2): 181-182.

Das,G. P. 1998. Major Insect and Mite Pests of Important Crops and Stored Products of Bangladesh. Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Joydebpur, Gazipur. 102p.

Das,G. P. 2003. A checklist of the insect and mite pests diversity in the tuber crops and some other important vegetable crops ecosystems in Bangladesh. In: Abstract of the Seminar on Species Diversity in Bangladesh held on 7th January, 2003 at the Institute of Forestry and Environmental Sciences, Chittagong University. Biodiversity Research Group of Bangladesh (BRGB) and British American Tobacco Bangladesh. lslam,M. A.1999. A Consultancy Report on Integrated Pest (Insects) Management of Vegetables. AVRDC- USAID Bangladesh project. 74p. llharco, F. A. and A. Van Harten. 1987. Systematics. In: Minks, A. K. and P. Harrewijn (ed.). and their Biology, Natural Enemies and Control. Vol. A . pp. 51- 57. Elsevier Science Publishers B. V. Amsterdam, The .

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