DOCSLIB.ORG

2010 Pacheco Et Al.: Effect of Growth Hormone on the Liver Transcriptome Profile During Established Lactation in the Dairy

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
2010 Pacheco Et Al.: Effect of Growth Hormone on the Liver Transcriptome Profile During Established Lactation in the Dairy New Zealand Society of Animal Production online archive This paper is from the New Zealand Society for Animal Production online archive. NZSAP holds a regular An invitation is extended to all those involved in the field of animal production to apply for membership of the New Zealand Society of Animal Production at our website www.nzsap.org.nz View All Proceedings Next Conference Join NZSAP The New Zealand Society of Animal Production in publishing the conference proceedings is engaged in disseminating information, not rendering professional advice or services. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent the views of the New Zealand Society of Animal Production and the New Zealand Society of Animal Production expressly disclaims any form of liability with respect to anything done or omitted to be done in reliance upon the contents of these proceedings. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License. You are free to: Share— copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format Under the following terms: Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use. NonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes. NoDerivatives — If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you may not distribute the modified material. http://creativecommons.org.nz/licences/licences-explained/ Proceedings of the New Zealand Society of Animal Production 2009. Vol 70: 33-38 33 Effect of growth hormone on the liver transcriptome profile during established lactation in the dairy cow D. PACHECO, K. NONES, Q. SCIASCIA and S.A. MCCOARD* AgResearch Grasslands, Private Bag 11-008, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand *Corresponding author: [email protected] ABSTRACT Milk production involves a coordinated metabolic response from multiple tissues. Administration of growth hormone (GH) to lactating cows provides an endocrine signal that redirects nutrients towards milk production. Hepatic responses to GH define the nutrient supply to peripheral organs both directly and indirectly, through processes such as gluconeogenesis and endocrine modulation. However, the mechanisms controlling these processes in the liver itself have not been completely elucidated. Our objective was to evaluate the effect of GH on gene expression in the liver of lactating dairy cows. Using a 22,690 expressed sequence tags (EST) bovine cDNA microarrays, we examined differences in liver mRNA transcript profiles between four cows treated with a slow-release formulation of GH and four control cows treated with saline solution. We identified 38 unique transcripts in liver that met the criteria of having expression changes greater than +/- 1.2 fold and false discovery rates <0.05. Of these genes affected by GH, 29 were down-regulated and nine were up-regulated. The pathways most affected by GH were carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, molecule transport and small molecule biochemistry. This preliminary study provides further insights into the molecular changes involved in the effects of GH on liver gene expression in the lactating dairy cow. Keywords: bovine; liver; gene expression; milk; growth hormone. INTRODUCTION The objective of this study was to gain a better understanding of the effects of GH on nutrient Lactation is an orchestrated process in which partitioning in support of lactation, by evaluating the the metabolic activity of multiple tissues is mRNA transcript profile (transcriptome), in the liver modulated to direct nutrients towards the mammary using cDNA microarrays. gland. Growth hormone (GH) is a critical part of the endocrine controls modulating the utilisation of MATERIALS AND METHODS nutrients among different organs and tissues. In the lactating dairy cow, this modulation increases milk All procedures involving animals were carried production by partitioning nutrients towards out in compliance with the guidelines of the lactation (Bauman, 1992). The liver is an important AgResearch Grasslands Animal Ethics Committee. organ in this process, as it is the point of confluence Liver tissue was collected from lactating dairy of endocrine signals, nutrient-rich blood flow from cows treated with either commercially available GH the gastrointestinal tract and blood flow from (Treatment) or saline (Control) as previously peripheral tissues, including the mammary gland. described (Hayashi et al., 2009). Briefly, eight non- The contribution of liver metabolism to lactation is pregnant, second parity spring-calved Jersey cows exemplified by the fact that hepatic gluconeogenesis (300 ± 9 kg; 189 ± 11 d postpartum) were housed provides most of the glucose requirement for lactose indoors, milked twice daily, and offered ad libitum a synthesis in a lactating dairy cow (Etherton & total mixed ration diet consisting of approximately Bauman, 1998). The liver also acts as a mediator of 6.3 kg DM of pasture baleage (11.5 MJ ME/kg the responses of muscle and adipose tissue through DM), plus approximately 2.7 kg of milking cow its role in lipid and amino acid metabolism (Burton concentrate (11.5 MJ of ME/kg DM). The diet, et al., 1994; Rhoads et al., 2007). However, milk which was formulated to exceed by 10% the production is not just the result of hepatic nutrient National Research Council’s recommendations for “spill over” (Doepel et al., 20090, but rather the metabolisable energy, protein and essential amino mammary gland, liver and other organs influence acid requirements (National Research Council, each other in a complex nutrient and endocrine 2001), was offered thrice daily. Following a two- coordination. week adaptation period, four cows were randomly Although the metabolic responses to GH in assigned to each treatment groups and received lactating ruminants have been extensively studied, either a slow-release formula of commercially the molecular pathways coordinating inter-organ available recombinant GH (Lactotropin®, 500 mg nutrient metabolism and endocrine signals are not GH per cow; Elanco Animal Health, South Africa) fully understood. or sterile saline solution (0.9% sodium chloride; 34 Pacheco et al. - GH effect on bovine liver transcriptome Baxter Healthcare, Australia) via a single FIGURE 1: Diagramatic representation of the loop subcutaneous injection on Day 0. Liver tissue was design used for the microarray experiment. Three harvested on Day 6 (Treatment) or Day 7 (Control) treatments were included (A, B, C), with four cows within five minutes of euthanasia by barbiturate each (eg. A1, A2). Each arrow symbolises a overdose (Pentobarb, Provet, New Zealand). Tissue microarray slide, and letters connected by the arrows was snap frozen in liquid nitrogen and stored at indicate the pair of samples hybridised in each slide. -85°C for later analysis. Round end and point end of the arrow indicate which Microarrays sample in the pair was hybridised to Cy3 and Cy5 dyes, respectively. Only contrasts between RNA extraction treatments A (Control) and B (GH Treatment) are Total RNA was extracted using Trizol® presented in this manuscript. Reagent (Invitrogen Life Technologies, Carlsbad, California, USA) according to the manufacturer’s protocol. Extracted total RNA was quantified and quality checked using a Bioanalyzer 2100 (Agilent Technologies, Santa Clara, California, USA). Only samples with OD260 to OD280 ratios greater than 2.0 were used for microarray hibridisations. cDNA generation, slide hybridisation and scanning Bovine cDNA microarrays were prepared as described by Diez-Tascón et al. (2005). The microarrays contained 22,690 unique amplified cDNA expressed sequence tags (EST), representing 52 tissue libraries, including the liver, and 17,307 unique genes. The liver libraries represented 465 automatic flagging of spurious spots. For this ESTs. Fluorescently-labelled cDNA (SuperScript experiment, 18 microarray slides were used in Indirect cDNA Labeling System, Invitrogen Life modification of the loop design described by Technologies, Carlsbad, California, USA; Cy5 or Oleksiak et al. (2002) with a balanced, partial dye Cy3 dyes, Amersham Biosciences, Piscataway, New swap (Figure 1). Only results from the Control and Jersey, USA) was generated from 10 µg total RNA GH treatments are presented herein. per tissue sample and purified to remove Statistical analysis of microarray data unincorporated dyes using the QIA-Quick PCR All data quality checks, normalisation and tests purification kit (Qiagen, Hilden, Germany). of treatment effects were conducted in R 2.7.0 using Microarray slides were pre-hybridised in a the IPLOTS (http://www..iPlots.org) and LIMMA preheated (42°C) 0.22 µm filtered solution of 5x (Smyth, 2005) packages. Data diagnostics included SSC (3.0 M sodium chloride; 0.30 sodium citrate), boxplots of foreground and background readings per 0.1% SDS and 0.25% bovine serum albumin (Sigma dye, within and across slides. Data flagged, internal A-788) for 20 minutes. Slides were rinsed twice in negative controls (bacterial genes) and blank spots deionised water, once in isopropanol and air dried were weighed zero prior normalisation of the data prior to hybridisation. Samples were heat-denatured using the print-tip-loess method with no background (95°C x 10 minutes) and 60 µL pre-warmed (68°C) correction. A modified t-test was performed for each SlideHyb No1 (Ambion, Foster City, California, EST and
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Molecular Mechanisms Involved Involved in the Interaction Effects of HCV and Ethanol on Liver Cirrhosis
    Virginia Commonwealth University VCU Scholars Compass Theses and Dissertations Graduate School 2010 Molecular Mechanisms Involved Involved in the Interaction Effects of HCV and Ethanol on Liver Cirrhosis Ryan Fassnacht Virginia Commonwealth University Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd Part of the Physiology Commons © The Author Downloaded from https://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/2246 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at VCU Scholars Compass. It has been accepted for inclusion in Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of VCU Scholars Compass. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Ryan C. Fassnacht 2010 All Rights Reserved Molecular Mechanisms Involved in the Interaction Effects of HCV and Ethanol on Liver Cirrhosis A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science at Virginia Commonwealth University. by Ryan Christopher Fassnacht, B.S. Hampden Sydney University, 2005 M.S. Virginia Commonwealth University, 2010 Director: Valeria Mas, Ph.D., Associate Professor of Surgery and Pathology Division of Transplant Department of Surgery Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond, Virginia July 9, 2010 Acknowledgement The Author wishes to thank his family and close friends for their support. He would also like to thank the members of the molecular transplant team for their help and advice. This project would not have been possible with out the help of Dr. Valeria Mas and her endearing
    [Show full text]
  • An Amplified Fatty Acid-Binding Protein Gene Cluster In
    cancers Review An Amplified Fatty Acid-Binding Protein Gene Cluster in Prostate Cancer: Emerging Roles in Lipid Metabolism and Metastasis Rong-Zong Liu and Roseline Godbout * Department of Oncology, Cross Cancer Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 1Z2, Canada; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +1-780-432-8901 Received: 6 November 2020; Accepted: 16 December 2020; Published: 18 December 2020 Simple Summary: Prostate cancer is the second most common cancer in men. In many cases, prostate cancer grows very slowly and remains confined to the prostate. These localized cancers can usually be cured. However, prostate cancer can also metastasize to other organs of the body, which often results in death of the patient. We found that a cluster of genes involved in accumulation and utilization of fats exists in multiple copies and is expressed at much higher levels in metastatic prostate cancer compared to localized disease. These genes, called fatty acid-binding protein (or FABP) genes, individually and collectively, promote properties associated with prostate cancer metastasis. We propose that levels of these FABP genes may serve as an indicator of prostate cancer aggressiveness, and that inhibiting the action of FABP genes may provide a new approach to prevent and/or treat metastatic prostate cancer. Abstract: Treatment for early stage and localized prostate cancer (PCa) is highly effective. Patient survival, however, drops dramatically upon metastasis due to drug resistance and cancer recurrence. The molecular mechanisms underlying PCa metastasis are complex and remain unclear. It is therefore crucial to decipher the key genetic alterations and relevant molecular pathways driving PCa metastatic progression so that predictive biomarkers and precise therapeutic targets can be developed.
    [Show full text]
  • DDX5 Promotes Oncogene C3 and FABP1 Expressions and Drives Intestinal Inflammation and Tumorigenesis
    Published Online: 18 August, 2020 | Supp Info: http://doi.org/10.26508/lsa.202000772 Downloaded from life-science-alliance.org on 19 August, 2020 Research Article DDX5 promotes oncogene C3 and FABP1 expressions and drives intestinal inflammation and tumorigenesis Nazia Abbasi1,*, Tianyun Long1,*, Yuxin Li1, Brian A Yee1,BenjaminSCho1, Juan E Hernandez1 ,EvelynMa1, Parth R Patel1, Debashis Sahoo4, Ibrahim M Sayed2, Nissi Varki2,SoumitaDas2, Pradipta Ghosh1,3,GeneWYeo1, Wendy Jia Men Huang1 Tumorigenesis in different segments of the intestinal tract in- α in response to stimulation from pro-inflammatory cytokines, volves tissue-specific oncogenic drivers. In the colon, comple- such as TNFα,IFNγ,andIL1β (11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17). Fabp1 ment component 3 (C3) activation is a major contributor to transcription is controlled by GATA-binding protein 4 (GATA4), inflammation and malignancies. By contrast, tumorigenesis in C/EBP, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α, pancreatic the small intestine involves fatty acid–binding protein 1 (FABP1). and duodenal homeobox 1 (PDX1), and hypoxia-inducible factor However, little is known of the upstream mechanisms driving (HIF1α)(18, 19, 20, 21, 22). However, little is known about how C3 and their expressions in different segments of the intestinal tract. FABP1 expressions are regulated posttranscriptionally in intestinal Here, we report that the RNA-binding protein DDX5 binds to the epithelial cells (IECs). mRNA transcripts of C3 and Fabp1 to augment their expressions Posttranscriptional regulation of gene products can be or- posttranscriptionally. Knocking out DDX5 in epithelial cells chestrated, in part, by RNA-binding proteins (23 ). One member protected mice from intestinal tumorigenesis and dextran so- of the DEAD-box containing RNA-binding protein family, DDX5, is dium sulfate (DSS)–induced colitis.
    [Show full text]
  • The Association Between FABP7 Serum Levels with Survival And
    Karvellas et al. Ann. Intensive Care (2017) 7:99 DOI 10.1186/s13613-017-0323-0 RESEARCH Open Access The association between FABP7 serum levels with survival and neurological complications in acetaminophen‑induced acute liver failure: a nested case–control study Constantine J. Karvellas1* , Jaime L. Speiser2, Mélanie Tremblay3, William M. Lee4, Christopher F. Rose3 and For the US Acute Liver Failure Study Group Abstract Background: Acetaminophen (APAP)-induced acute liver failure (ALF) is associated with signifcant mortality due to intracranial hypertension (ICH), a result of cerebral edema (CE) and astrocyte swelling. Brain-type fatty acid-binding protein (FABP7) is a small (15 kDa) cytoplasmic protein abundantly expressed in astrocytes. The aim of this study was to determine whether serum FABP7 levels early (day 1) or late (days 3–5) level were associated with 21-day mortality and/or the presence of ICH/CE in APAP-ALF patients. Methods: Serum samples from 198 APAP-ALF patients (nested case–control study with 99 survivors and 99 non-sur- vivors) were analyzed by ELISA methods and assessed with clinical data from the US Acute Liver Failure Study Group (ALFSG) Registry (1998–2014). Results: APAP-ALF survivors had signifcantly lower serum FABP7 levels on admission (147.9 vs. 316.5 ng/ml, p 0.0002) and late (87.3 vs. 286.2 ng/ml, p < 0.0001) compared with non-survivors. However, a signifcant association between= 21-day mortality and increased serum FABP7 early [log FABP7 odds ratio (OR) 1.16, p 0.32] and late (log FABP7 ~ OR 1.34, p 0.21) was not detected after adjusting for signifcant covariates (MELD, vasopressor= use).
    [Show full text]
  • Increased Plasma Leptin Attenuates Adaptive Metabolism in Early Lactating Dairy Cows
    229 2 R A EHRHARDT and others Leptin action in early lactating 229:2 145–157 Research dairy cows Increased plasma leptin attenuates adaptive metabolism in early lactating dairy cows Richard A Ehrhardt1, Andreas Foskolos2, Sarah L Giesy3, Stephanie R Wesolowski4, Christopher S Krumm3, W Ronald Butler3, Susan M Quirk3, Matthew R Waldron3 and Yves R Boisclair3 1Departments of Animal Science and Large Animal Clinical Sciences, Michigan State University, Correspondence East Lansing, Michigan, USA should be addressed 2Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth, UK to Y Boisclair 3Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA Email 4University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA [email protected] Abstract Mammals meet the increased nutritional demands of lactation through a combination Key Words of increased feed intake and a collection of adaptations known as adaptive metabolism f glucose metabolism (e.g., glucose sparing via insulin resistance, mobilization of endogenous reserves, and f lipid metabolism Endocrinology increased metabolic efficiency via reduced thyroid hormones). In the modern dairy f liver of cow, adaptive metabolism predominates over increased feed intake at the onset of f thyroid hormone lactation and develops concurrently with a reduction in plasma leptin. To address the Journal role of leptin in the adaptive metabolism of early lactation, we asked which adaptations could be countered by a constant 96-h intravenous infusion of human leptin (hLeptin) starting on day 8 of lactation. Compared to saline infusion (Control), hLeptin did not alter energy intake or milk energy output but caused a modest increase in body weight loss.
    [Show full text]
  • Vertebrate Fatty Acid and Retinoid Binding Protein Genes and Proteins: Evidence for Ancient and Recent Gene Duplication Events
    In: Advances in Genetics Research. Volume 11 ISBN: 978-1-62948-744-1 Editor: Kevin V. Urbano © 2014 Nova Science Publishers, Inc. Chapter 7 Vertebrate Fatty Acid and Retinoid Binding Protein Genes and Proteins: Evidence for Ancient and Recent Gene Duplication Events Roger S. Holmes Eskitis Institute for Drug Discovery and School of Biomolecular and Physical Sciences, Griffith University, Nathan, QLD, Australia Abstract Fatty acid binding proteins (FABP) and retinoid binding proteins (RBP) are members of a family of small, highly conserved cytoplasmic proteins that function in binding and facilitating the cellular uptake of fatty acids, retinoids and other hydrophobic compounds. Several human FABP-like genes are expressed in the body: FABP1 (liver); FABP2 (intestine); FABP3 (heart and skeletal muscle); FABP4 (adipocyte); FABP5 (epidermis); FABP6 (ileum); FABP7 (brain); FABP8 (nervous system); FABP9 (testis); and FABP12 (retina and testis). A related gene (FABP10) is expressed in lower vertebrate liver and other tissues. Four RBP genes are expressed in human tissues: RBP1 (many tissues); RBP2 (small intestine epithelium); RBP5 (kidney and liver); and RBP7 (kidney and heart). Comparative FABP and RBP amino acid sequences and structures and gene locations were examined using data from several vertebrate genome projects. Sequence alignments, key amino acid residues and conserved predicted secondary and tertiary structures were also studied, including lipid binding regions. Vertebrate FABP- and RBP- like genes usually contained 4 coding exons in conserved locations, supporting a common evolutionary origin for these genes. Phylogenetic analyses examined the relationships and evolutionary origins of these genes, suggesting division into three FABP gene classes: 1: FABP1, FABP6 and FABP10; 2: FABP2; and 3, with 2 groups: 3A: FABP4, FABP8, FABP9 and FABP12; and 3B: and FABP3, FABP5 and FABP7.
    [Show full text]
  • Fatty Acid Binding Proteins Have the Potential to Channel Dietary Fatty Acids Into Enterocyte Nuclei
    Supplemental Material can be found at: http://www.jlr.org/content/suppl/2015/12/11/jlr.M062232.DC1 .html Fatty acid binding proteins have the potential to channel dietary fatty acids into enterocyte nuclei Adriana Esteves , 1, * Anja Knoll-Gellida , 1,†,§ Lucia Canclini , * Maria Cecilia Silvarrey , * Michèle André , †,§ and Patrick J. Babin 2,†,§ Facultad de Ciencias,* Universidad de la República , 11400 Montevideo, Uruguay ; University Bordeaux, † Maladies Rares: Génétique et Métabolisme (MRGM), F-33615 Pessac, France ; and INSERM, § U1211, F-33076, Bordeaux, France Abstract Intracellular lipid binding proteins, including Together with cellular retinol and retinoic acid binding fatty acid binding proteins (FABPs) 1 and 2, are highly ex- proteins, these abundant chaperone proteins are mem- pressed in tissues involved in the active lipid metabolism. A bers of an ancient conserved multigene family of intra- zebrafi sh model was used to demonstrate differential ex- cellular lipid binding proteins ( 4–6 ). The evolutionary pression levels of fabp1b.1 , fabp1b.2 , and fabp2 transcripts relationships of vertebrate FABPs were clarifi ed using phy- Downloaded from in liver, anterior intestine, and brain. Transcription levels of fabp1b.1 and fabp2 in the anterior intestine were up- logenetic and conserved synteny analyses ( 7, 8 ). They bind regulated after feeding and modulated according to diet long-chain FAs (LCFAs) and other lipophilic compounds formulation. Immunofl uorescence and electron microscopy ( 9–12 ) and are believed to be implicated in FA intracellu- immunodetection with gold particles localized these FABPs lar uptake and transport, lipid metabolism regulation, in the microvilli, cytosol, and nuclei of most enterocytes protection from the harmful effects of nonesterifi ed in the anterior intestinal mucosa.
    [Show full text]
  • Pan-Cancer Transcriptome Analysis Reveals a Gene Expression
    Modern Pathology (2016) 29, 546–556 546 © 2016 USCAP, Inc All rights reserved 0893-3952/16 $32.00 Pan-cancer transcriptome analysis reveals a gene expression signature for the identification of tumor tissue origin Qinghua Xu1,6, Jinying Chen1,6, Shujuan Ni2,3,4,6, Cong Tan2,3,4,6, Midie Xu2,3,4, Lei Dong2,3,4, Lin Yuan5, Qifeng Wang2,3,4 and Xiang Du2,3,4 1Canhelp Genomics, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; 2Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; 3Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China; 4Institute of Pathology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China and 5Pathology Center, Shanghai General Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China Carcinoma of unknown primary, wherein metastatic disease is present without an identifiable primary site, accounts for ~ 3–5% of all cancer diagnoses. Despite the development of multiple diagnostic workups, the success rate of primary site identification remains low. Determining the origin of tumor tissue is, thus, an important clinical application of molecular diagnostics. Previous studies have paved the way for gene expression-based tumor type classification. In this study, we have established a comprehensive database integrating microarray- and sequencing-based gene expression profiles of 16 674 tumor samples covering 22 common human tumor types. From this pan-cancer transcriptome database, we identified a 154-gene expression signature that discriminated the origin of tumor tissue with an overall leave-one-out cross-validation accuracy of 96.5%. The 154-gene expression signature was first validated on an independent test set consisting of 9626 primary tumors, of which 97.1% of cases were correctly classified.
    [Show full text]
  • Circulating Fatty Acid-Binding Protein 1 (FABP1) and Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver
    Int. J. Med. Sci. 2020, Vol. 17 182 Ivyspring International Publisher International Journal of Medical Sciences 2020; 17(2): 182-190. doi: 10.7150/ijms.40417 Research Paper Circulating fatty acid-binding protein 1 (FABP1) and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus Yung-Chuan Lu1,8,#, Chi-Chang Chang4,8,11,#, Chao-Ping Wang2,8, Wei-Chin Hung2,9, I-Ting Tsai5,8, Wei-Hua Tang7, Cheng-Ching Wu2,9,10, Ching-Ting Wei6, Fu-Mei Chung2, Yau-Jiunn Lee7, and Chia-Chang Hsu3,9,12 1. Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung, 82445 Taiwan 2. Division of Cardiology, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung, 82445 Taiwan 3. Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung, 82445 Taiwan 4. Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung, 82445 Taiwan 5. Departmen of Emergency, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung, 82445 Taiwan 6. Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung, 82445 Taiwan 7. Lee’s Endocrinology Clinic, Pingtung, 90000 Taiwan 8. School of Medicine, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, 82445 Taiwan 9. The School of Chinese Medicine for Post Baccalaureate, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, 82445 Taiwan 10. Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, E-Da Cancer Hospital, Kaohsiung 82445 Taiwan 11. Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, E-Da Dachang Hospital, Kaohsiung 80794 Taiwan 12. Health Examination Center, E-Da Dachang Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan #These authors contributed equally to this work. Corresponding author: Dr. Chia-Chang Hsu; E-Da Hospital, I-Shou University, No.
    [Show full text]
  • Roles of Estrogens in the Healthy and Diseased Oviparous Vertebrate Liver
    H OH metabolites OH Review Roles of Estrogens in the Healthy and Diseased Oviparous Vertebrate Liver Blandine Tramunt 1,2, Alexandra Montagner 1, Nguan Soon Tan 3 , Pierre Gourdy 1,2 , Hervé Rémignon 4,5 and Walter Wahli 3,5,6,* 1 Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires (I2MC-UMR1297), INSERM/UPS, Université de Toulouse, F-31432 Toulouse, France; [email protected] (B.T.); [email protected] (A.M.); [email protected] (P.G.) 2 Service de Diabétologie, Maladies Métaboliques et Nutrition, CHU de Toulouse, F-31059 Toulouse, France 3 Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University Singapore, Clinical Sciences Building, Singapore 308232, Singapore; [email protected] 4 INP-ENSAT, Université de Toulouse, F-31320 Castanet-Tolosan, France; [email protected] 5 Toxalim Research Center in Food Toxicology (UMR 1331), INRAE, National Veterinary College of Toulouse (ENVT), Purpan College of Engineers of the Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse (INP-PURPAN), Université Toulouse III—Paul Sabatier (UPS), Université de Toulouse, F-31300 Toulouse, France 6 Center for Integrative Genomics, Université de Lausanne, Le Génopode, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland * Correspondence: [email protected] Abstract: The liver is a vital organ that sustains multiple functions beneficial for the whole organism. It is sexually dimorphic, presenting sex-biased gene expression with implications for the phenotypic differences between males and females. Estrogens are involved in this sex dimorphism and their actions in the liver of several reptiles, fishes, amphibians, and birds are discussed. The liver partici- pates in reproduction by producing vitellogenins (yolk proteins) and eggshell proteins under the Citation: Tramunt, B.; Montagner, A.; control of estrogens that act via two types of receptors active either mainly in the cell nucleus (ESR) Tan, N.S.; Gourdy, P.; Rémignon, H.; or the cell membrane (GPER1).
    [Show full text]
  • Tubular P53 Regulates Multiple Genes to Mediate AKI
    BASIC RESEARCH www.jasn.org Tubular p53 Regulates Multiple Genes to Mediate AKI † † † † † Dongshan Zhang,* Yu Liu,* Qingqing Wei, Yuqing Huo, Kebin Liu, Fuyou Liu,* and † Zheng Dong* *Departments of Emergency Medicine and Nephrology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; and †Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Vascular Biology Center and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Georgia Regents University and Charlie Norwood Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Augusta, Georgia ABSTRACT A pathogenic role of p53 in AKI was suggested a decade ago but remains controversial. Indeed, recent work indicates that inhibition of p53 protects against ischemic AKI in rats but exacerbates AKI in mice. One intriguing possibility is that p53 has cell type-specific roles in AKI. To determine the role of tubular p53, we generated two conditional gene knockout mouse models, in which p53 is specifically ablated from proximal tubules or other tubular segments, including distal tubules, loops of Henle, and medullary collecting ducts. Proximal tubule p53 knockout (PT-p53-KO) mice were resistant to ischemic and cisplatin nephrotoxic AKI, which was indicated by the analysis of renal function, histology, apoptosis, and inflammation. However, other tubular p53 knockout (OT-p53-KO) mice were sensitive to AKI. Mechanis- tically, AKI associated with the upregulation of several known p53 target genes, including Bax, p53- upregulated modulator of apoptosis-a, p21, and Siva, and this association was attenuated in PT-p53-KO mice. In global expression analysis, ischemic AKI induced 371 genes in wild-type kidney cortical tissues, but the induction of 31 of these genes was abrogated in PT-p53-KO tissues.
    [Show full text]
  • Fatty Acid Binding Proteins Shape the Cellular Response to Activation of the Glucocorticoid Receptor
    bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.07.02.450968; this version posted July 4, 2021. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license. Fatty acid binding proteins shape the cellular response to activation of the glucocorticoid receptor Bonan Liu1,2, Indu R. Chandrashekaran2,3,4, Olga Ilyichova2,3, Damien Valour5, Fabien Melchiore5, Chantal Bourrier5, Adeline Giganti5, Jean-Philippe Stephan5, Catherine Dacquet6, Patrick Genissel7, Willy Gosgnach5, Richard J. Weaver7, Christopher J.H. Porter2,*, Martin J. Scanlon3,4,* and Michelle L. Halls1,* 1Drug Discovery Biology, 2Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, 3Medicinal Chemistry, 4ARC Training Centre for Fragment-Based Design, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 381 Royal Parade Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia; 5Institut de Recherches Servier, 78290 Croissy-Sur-Seine, 6Institut de Recherches Servier, 92210 Suresnes, 7Institut de Recherches Internationales Servier, 50, rue Carnot, 922284 Cedex, France. Corresponding Authors: Assoc Prof Michelle Halls ([email protected]), Prof Martin Scanlon ([email protected]), Prof Christopher Porter ([email protected]) Abstract Glucocorticoids are steroid hormones that are essential for life in mammals. Therapeutically, they are some of the most cost-effective drugs for the treatment of inflammatory diseases ranging from skin rashes to COVID-19, but their use is limited by adverse effects. Glucocorticoids exert their effects via the glucocorticoid receptor, a type I nuclear hormone receptor which modulates gene expression. The transcriptional activity of some related, but nuclear restricted, type II nuclear hormone receptors can be enhanced by a family of intracellular transport proteins, the fatty acid binding proteins (FABPs).
    [Show full text]