The Association Between FABP7 Serum Levels with Survival And
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Molecular Mechanisms Involved Involved in the Interaction Effects of HCV and Ethanol on Liver Cirrhosis
Virginia Commonwealth University VCU Scholars Compass Theses and Dissertations Graduate School 2010 Molecular Mechanisms Involved Involved in the Interaction Effects of HCV and Ethanol on Liver Cirrhosis Ryan Fassnacht Virginia Commonwealth University Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd Part of the Physiology Commons © The Author Downloaded from https://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/2246 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at VCU Scholars Compass. It has been accepted for inclusion in Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of VCU Scholars Compass. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Ryan C. Fassnacht 2010 All Rights Reserved Molecular Mechanisms Involved in the Interaction Effects of HCV and Ethanol on Liver Cirrhosis A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science at Virginia Commonwealth University. by Ryan Christopher Fassnacht, B.S. Hampden Sydney University, 2005 M.S. Virginia Commonwealth University, 2010 Director: Valeria Mas, Ph.D., Associate Professor of Surgery and Pathology Division of Transplant Department of Surgery Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond, Virginia July 9, 2010 Acknowledgement The Author wishes to thank his family and close friends for their support. He would also like to thank the members of the molecular transplant team for their help and advice. This project would not have been possible with out the help of Dr. Valeria Mas and her endearing -
An Amplified Fatty Acid-Binding Protein Gene Cluster In
cancers Review An Amplified Fatty Acid-Binding Protein Gene Cluster in Prostate Cancer: Emerging Roles in Lipid Metabolism and Metastasis Rong-Zong Liu and Roseline Godbout * Department of Oncology, Cross Cancer Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 1Z2, Canada; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +1-780-432-8901 Received: 6 November 2020; Accepted: 16 December 2020; Published: 18 December 2020 Simple Summary: Prostate cancer is the second most common cancer in men. In many cases, prostate cancer grows very slowly and remains confined to the prostate. These localized cancers can usually be cured. However, prostate cancer can also metastasize to other organs of the body, which often results in death of the patient. We found that a cluster of genes involved in accumulation and utilization of fats exists in multiple copies and is expressed at much higher levels in metastatic prostate cancer compared to localized disease. These genes, called fatty acid-binding protein (or FABP) genes, individually and collectively, promote properties associated with prostate cancer metastasis. We propose that levels of these FABP genes may serve as an indicator of prostate cancer aggressiveness, and that inhibiting the action of FABP genes may provide a new approach to prevent and/or treat metastatic prostate cancer. Abstract: Treatment for early stage and localized prostate cancer (PCa) is highly effective. Patient survival, however, drops dramatically upon metastasis due to drug resistance and cancer recurrence. The molecular mechanisms underlying PCa metastasis are complex and remain unclear. It is therefore crucial to decipher the key genetic alterations and relevant molecular pathways driving PCa metastatic progression so that predictive biomarkers and precise therapeutic targets can be developed. -
ONLINE SUPPLEMENTARY TABLE Table 2. Differentially Expressed
ONLINE SUPPLEMENTARY TABLE Table 2. Differentially Expressed Probe Sets in Livers of GK Rats. A. Immune/Inflammatory (67 probe sets, 63 genes) Age Strain Probe ID Gene Name Symbol Accession Gene Function 5 WKY 1398390_at small inducible cytokine B13 precursor Cxcl13 AA892854 chemokine activity; lymph node development 5 WKY 1389581_at interleukin 33 Il33 BF390510 cytokine activity 5 WKY *1373970_at interleukin 33 Il33 AI716248 cytokine activity 5 WKY 1369171_at macrophage stimulating 1 (hepatocyte growth factor-like) Mst1; E2F2 NM_024352 serine-throenine kinase; tumor suppression 5 WKY 1388071_x_at major histocompatability antigen Mhc M24024 antigen processing and presentation 5 WKY 1385465_at sialic acid binding Ig-like lectin 5 Siglec5 BG379188 sialic acid-recognizing receptor 5 WKY 1393108_at major histocompatability antigen Mhc BM387813 antigen processing and presentation 5 WKY 1388202_at major histocompatability antigen Mhc BI395698 antigen processing and presentation 5 WKY 1371171_at major histocompatability antigen Mhc M10094 antigen processing and presentation 5 WKY 1370382_at major histocompatability antigen Mhc BI279526 antigen processing and presentation 5 WKY 1371033_at major histocompatability antigen Mhc AI715202 antigen processing and presentation 5 WKY 1383991_at leucine rich repeat containing 8 family, member E Lrrc8e BE096426 proliferation and activation of lymphocytes and monocytes. 5 WKY 1383046_at complement component factor H Cfh; Fh AA957258 regulation of complement cascade 4 WKY 1369522_a_at CD244 natural killer -
DDX5 Promotes Oncogene C3 and FABP1 Expressions and Drives Intestinal Inflammation and Tumorigenesis
Published Online: 18 August, 2020 | Supp Info: http://doi.org/10.26508/lsa.202000772 Downloaded from life-science-alliance.org on 19 August, 2020 Research Article DDX5 promotes oncogene C3 and FABP1 expressions and drives intestinal inflammation and tumorigenesis Nazia Abbasi1,*, Tianyun Long1,*, Yuxin Li1, Brian A Yee1,BenjaminSCho1, Juan E Hernandez1 ,EvelynMa1, Parth R Patel1, Debashis Sahoo4, Ibrahim M Sayed2, Nissi Varki2,SoumitaDas2, Pradipta Ghosh1,3,GeneWYeo1, Wendy Jia Men Huang1 Tumorigenesis in different segments of the intestinal tract in- α in response to stimulation from pro-inflammatory cytokines, volves tissue-specific oncogenic drivers. In the colon, comple- such as TNFα,IFNγ,andIL1β (11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17). Fabp1 ment component 3 (C3) activation is a major contributor to transcription is controlled by GATA-binding protein 4 (GATA4), inflammation and malignancies. By contrast, tumorigenesis in C/EBP, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α, pancreatic the small intestine involves fatty acid–binding protein 1 (FABP1). and duodenal homeobox 1 (PDX1), and hypoxia-inducible factor However, little is known of the upstream mechanisms driving (HIF1α)(18, 19, 20, 21, 22). However, little is known about how C3 and their expressions in different segments of the intestinal tract. FABP1 expressions are regulated posttranscriptionally in intestinal Here, we report that the RNA-binding protein DDX5 binds to the epithelial cells (IECs). mRNA transcripts of C3 and Fabp1 to augment their expressions Posttranscriptional regulation of gene products can be or- posttranscriptionally. Knocking out DDX5 in epithelial cells chestrated, in part, by RNA-binding proteins (23 ). One member protected mice from intestinal tumorigenesis and dextran so- of the DEAD-box containing RNA-binding protein family, DDX5, is dium sulfate (DSS)–induced colitis. -
Download Product Insert (PDF)
PRODUCT INFORMATION FABP2 Polyclonal Antibody Item No. 10010019 Overview and Properties Contents: This vial contains 500 μl of peptide affinity-purified IgG. Synonyms: Fatty Acid Binding Protein 2, Intestinal-Fatty Acid Binding Protein, I-FABP Immunogen: Synthetic peptide from an internal region of human FABP2 Cross Reactivity: (+) FABP2; (-) FABP1, FABP3, FABP4, FABP5, FABP7 Species Reactivity: (+) Human, rat; other species not tested Uniprot No.: P12104 Form: Liquid Storage: -20°C (as supplied) Stability: ≥1 year Storage Buffer: TBS, pH 7.4, with with 50% glycerol, 0.1% BSA, and 0.02% sodium azide Applications: Western blot (WB); the recommended starting dilution is 1:200. Other applications were not tested, therefore optimal working concentration/dilution should be determined empirically. Image 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 · · · · · · · 16 kDa Lane 1: Rat Recombinant FABP1 (0.4 μg) Lane 2: Rat Recombinant FABP2 (0.025 μg) Lane 3: Rat Recombinant FABP2 (0.050 μg) Lane 4: Human Recombinant FABP3 (0.4 μg) Lane 5: Murine Recombinant FABP4 (0.4 μg) Lane 6: Murine Recombinant FABP5 (0.4 μg) Lane 7: Human Duodenum Homogenate (30 μg) WARNING CAYMAN CHEMICAL THIS PRODUCT IS FOR RESEARCH ONLY - NOT FOR HUMAN OR VETERINARY DIAGNOSTIC OR THERAPEUTIC USE. 1180 EAST ELLSWORTH RD SAFETY DATA ANN ARBOR, MI 48108 · USA This material should be considered hazardous until further information becomes available. Do not ingest, inhale, get in eyes, on skin, or on clothing. Wash thoroughly after handling. Before use, the user must review the complete Safety Data Sheet, which has been sent via email to your institution. PHONE: [800] 364-9897 WARRANTY AND LIMITATION OF REMEDY [734] 971-3335 Buyer agrees to purchase the material subject to Cayman’s Terms and Conditions. -
Proteomic Analysis of Exosome-Like Vesicles Derived from Breast Cancer Cells
ANTICANCER RESEARCH 32: 847-860 (2012) Proteomic Analysis of Exosome-like Vesicles Derived from Breast Cancer Cells GEMMA PALAZZOLO1, NADIA NINFA ALBANESE2,3, GIANLUCA DI CARA3, DANIEL GYGAX4, MARIA LETIZIA VITTORELLI3 and IDA PUCCI-MINAFRA3 1Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Laboratory of Biosensors and Bioelectronics, ETH Zurich, Switzerland; 2Department of Physics, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy; 3Centro di Oncobiologia Sperimentale (C.OB.S.), Oncology Department La Maddalena, Palermo, Italy; 4Institute of Chemistry and Bioanalytics, University of Applied Sciences Northwestern Switzerland FHNW, Muttenz, Switzerland Abstract. Background/Aim: The phenomenon of membrane that vesicle production allows neoplastic cells to exert different vesicle-release by neoplastic cells is a growing field of interest effects, according to the possible acceptor targets. For instance, in cancer research, due to their potential role in carrying a vesicles could potentiate the malignant properties of adjacent large array of tumor antigens when secreted into the neoplastic cells or activate non-tumoral cells. Moreover, vesicles extracellular medium. In particular, experimental evidence show could convey signals to immune cells and surrounding stroma that at least some of the tumor markers detected in the blood cells. The present study may significantly contribute to the circulation of mammary carcinoma patients are carried by knowledge of the vesiculation phenomenon, which is a critical membrane-bound vesicles. Thus, biomarker research in breast device for trans cellular communication in cancer. cancer can gain great benefits from vesicle characterization. Materials and Methods: Conditioned medium was collected The phenomenon of membrane release in the extracellular from serum starved MDA-MB-231 sub-confluent cell cultures medium has long been known and was firstly described by and exosome-like vesicles (ELVs) were isolated by Paul H. -
Increased Plasma Leptin Attenuates Adaptive Metabolism in Early Lactating Dairy Cows
229 2 R A EHRHARDT and others Leptin action in early lactating 229:2 145–157 Research dairy cows Increased plasma leptin attenuates adaptive metabolism in early lactating dairy cows Richard A Ehrhardt1, Andreas Foskolos2, Sarah L Giesy3, Stephanie R Wesolowski4, Christopher S Krumm3, W Ronald Butler3, Susan M Quirk3, Matthew R Waldron3 and Yves R Boisclair3 1Departments of Animal Science and Large Animal Clinical Sciences, Michigan State University, Correspondence East Lansing, Michigan, USA should be addressed 2Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth, UK to Y Boisclair 3Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA Email 4University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA [email protected] Abstract Mammals meet the increased nutritional demands of lactation through a combination Key Words of increased feed intake and a collection of adaptations known as adaptive metabolism f glucose metabolism (e.g., glucose sparing via insulin resistance, mobilization of endogenous reserves, and f lipid metabolism Endocrinology increased metabolic efficiency via reduced thyroid hormones). In the modern dairy f liver of cow, adaptive metabolism predominates over increased feed intake at the onset of f thyroid hormone lactation and develops concurrently with a reduction in plasma leptin. To address the Journal role of leptin in the adaptive metabolism of early lactation, we asked which adaptations could be countered by a constant 96-h intravenous infusion of human leptin (hLeptin) starting on day 8 of lactation. Compared to saline infusion (Control), hLeptin did not alter energy intake or milk energy output but caused a modest increase in body weight loss. -
Vertebrate Fatty Acid and Retinoid Binding Protein Genes and Proteins: Evidence for Ancient and Recent Gene Duplication Events
In: Advances in Genetics Research. Volume 11 ISBN: 978-1-62948-744-1 Editor: Kevin V. Urbano © 2014 Nova Science Publishers, Inc. Chapter 7 Vertebrate Fatty Acid and Retinoid Binding Protein Genes and Proteins: Evidence for Ancient and Recent Gene Duplication Events Roger S. Holmes Eskitis Institute for Drug Discovery and School of Biomolecular and Physical Sciences, Griffith University, Nathan, QLD, Australia Abstract Fatty acid binding proteins (FABP) and retinoid binding proteins (RBP) are members of a family of small, highly conserved cytoplasmic proteins that function in binding and facilitating the cellular uptake of fatty acids, retinoids and other hydrophobic compounds. Several human FABP-like genes are expressed in the body: FABP1 (liver); FABP2 (intestine); FABP3 (heart and skeletal muscle); FABP4 (adipocyte); FABP5 (epidermis); FABP6 (ileum); FABP7 (brain); FABP8 (nervous system); FABP9 (testis); and FABP12 (retina and testis). A related gene (FABP10) is expressed in lower vertebrate liver and other tissues. Four RBP genes are expressed in human tissues: RBP1 (many tissues); RBP2 (small intestine epithelium); RBP5 (kidney and liver); and RBP7 (kidney and heart). Comparative FABP and RBP amino acid sequences and structures and gene locations were examined using data from several vertebrate genome projects. Sequence alignments, key amino acid residues and conserved predicted secondary and tertiary structures were also studied, including lipid binding regions. Vertebrate FABP- and RBP- like genes usually contained 4 coding exons in conserved locations, supporting a common evolutionary origin for these genes. Phylogenetic analyses examined the relationships and evolutionary origins of these genes, suggesting division into three FABP gene classes: 1: FABP1, FABP6 and FABP10; 2: FABP2; and 3, with 2 groups: 3A: FABP4, FABP8, FABP9 and FABP12; and 3B: and FABP3, FABP5 and FABP7. -
Bonded His93 As a Sensitive Probe for Identifying Inhibitors of the Endocannabinoid Transport Protein FABP7
Chem Biol Drug Des 2015; 85: 534–540 Research Article Hydrogen-Bonded His93 As a Sensitive Probe for Identifying Inhibitors of the Endocannabinoid Transport Protein FABP7 Sergiy Tyukhtenko1, Karrie Chan1, Rubin Jiang1, receptor-mediated signal transduction (2). The biosynthesis Han Zhou1, Richard W. Mercier1, De-Ping Yang2, and physiology of AEA are well understood (3,4), but its Alexandros Makriyannis1 and Jason J. Guo1,* mechanism of uptake has been elusive. Despite intensive studies on the AEA transport process (5–9), the question 1Center for Drug Discovery, Department of Pharmaceutical remains on how the uncharged lipophilic endocannabinoid Sciences and Department of Chemistry and Chemical ligand AEA crosses the cellular membrane to access the Biology, Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Avenue, hydrophilic cytosol. Recently, it was reported (10,11) that a Boston, MA 02115, USA 2 group of carrier proteins, particularly fatty acid binding pro- Physics Department, College of the Holy Cross, 1 College teins (FABPs), can significantly enhance the cellular uptake Street, Worcester, MA 01610, USA and subsequent inactivation of AEA. The findings provide *Corresponding author: Jason J. Guo, [email protected] a potential new therapeutic modality to the treatment of pain, inflammation, and drug abuse through dual inhibition The human brain FABP (FABP7) has been shown to be an intracellular carrier protein that can significantly of the deactivating enzymes such as fatty acid amide potentiate the uptake of the endocannabinoid ananda- hydrolase (FAAH) (12) and the endocannabinoid transport mide. For this reason, there is a great interest in the proteins. discovery and development of FABP7 inhibitors for treating stress, pain, inflammation, and drug abuse. -
Noncanonical Role of Transferrin Receptor 1 Is Essential for Intestinal Homeostasis
Noncanonical role of transferrin receptor 1 is essential for intestinal homeostasis Alan C. Chena, Adriana Donovanb, Renee Ned-Sykesc, and Nancy C. Andrewsa,d,1 aDepartment of Pharmacology & Cancer Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27705; bDivision of Pharmacology and Preclinical Biology, Scholar Rock, Cambridge, MA 02142; cDivision of Laboratory Systems, Center for Surveillance, Epidemiology, and Laboratory Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30333; and dDepartment of Pediatrics, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27705 Contributed by Nancy C. Andrews, August 4, 2015 (sent for review June 16, 2015; reviewed by Jerry Kaplan and Ramesh A. Shivdasani) Transferrin receptor 1 (Tfr1) facilitates cellular iron uptake through Surprisingly, the mice showed marked induction of genes asso- receptor-mediated endocytosis of iron-loaded transferrin. It is ex- ciated with epithelial–mesenchymal transition in IECs, suggest- pressed in the intestinal epithelium but not involved in dietary iron ing that Tfr1 normally acts to suppress this cell fate change. absorption. To investigate its role, we inactivated the Tfr1 gene There was also abnormal accumulation of lipids, similar to mice selectively in murine intestinal epithelial cells. The mutant mice had lacking transcription factor Plagl2, and increased expression of severe disruption of the epithelial barrier and early death. There stem cell markers. was impaired proliferation of intestinal epithelial cell progenitors, aberrant lipid handling, increased mRNA expression of stem cell Results markers, and striking induction of many genes associated with Conditional Deletion of Tfr1 in IECs. We developed Tfr1fl/fl mice epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. Administration of parenteral carrying loxP sites flanking Tfr1 exons 3–6(Fig. -
Fatty Acid Binding Proteins Have the Potential to Channel Dietary Fatty Acids Into Enterocyte Nuclei
Supplemental Material can be found at: http://www.jlr.org/content/suppl/2015/12/11/jlr.M062232.DC1 .html Fatty acid binding proteins have the potential to channel dietary fatty acids into enterocyte nuclei Adriana Esteves , 1, * Anja Knoll-Gellida , 1,†,§ Lucia Canclini , * Maria Cecilia Silvarrey , * Michèle André , †,§ and Patrick J. Babin 2,†,§ Facultad de Ciencias,* Universidad de la República , 11400 Montevideo, Uruguay ; University Bordeaux, † Maladies Rares: Génétique et Métabolisme (MRGM), F-33615 Pessac, France ; and INSERM, § U1211, F-33076, Bordeaux, France Abstract Intracellular lipid binding proteins, including Together with cellular retinol and retinoic acid binding fatty acid binding proteins (FABPs) 1 and 2, are highly ex- proteins, these abundant chaperone proteins are mem- pressed in tissues involved in the active lipid metabolism. A bers of an ancient conserved multigene family of intra- zebrafi sh model was used to demonstrate differential ex- cellular lipid binding proteins ( 4–6 ). The evolutionary pression levels of fabp1b.1 , fabp1b.2 , and fabp2 transcripts relationships of vertebrate FABPs were clarifi ed using phy- Downloaded from in liver, anterior intestine, and brain. Transcription levels of fabp1b.1 and fabp2 in the anterior intestine were up- logenetic and conserved synteny analyses ( 7, 8 ). They bind regulated after feeding and modulated according to diet long-chain FAs (LCFAs) and other lipophilic compounds formulation. Immunofl uorescence and electron microscopy ( 9–12 ) and are believed to be implicated in FA intracellu- immunodetection with gold particles localized these FABPs lar uptake and transport, lipid metabolism regulation, in the microvilli, cytosol, and nuclei of most enterocytes protection from the harmful effects of nonesterifi ed in the anterior intestinal mucosa. -
NIH Public Access Author Manuscript Glia
NIH Public Access Author Manuscript Glia. Author manuscript; available in PMC 2013 May 03. NIH-PA Author ManuscriptPublished NIH-PA Author Manuscript in final edited NIH-PA Author Manuscript form as: Glia. 2008 July ; 56(9): 935–941. doi:10.1002/glia.20666. A BAC Transgenic Mouse Model to Analyze the Function of Astroglial SPARCL1 (SC1) in the Central Nervous System Jill M. Weimer1, Amelia Stanco1, Jr-Gang Cheng1, Ana C. Vargo1, Santhi Voora1, and E. S. Anton1,2,* 1UNC Neuroscience Center, The University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 2Department of Cell and Molecular Physiology, The University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina Abstract Extracellular matrix associated Sparc-like 1 (SC1/SPARCL1) can influence the function of astroglial cells in the developing and mature central nervous system (CNS). To examine SC1’s significance in the CNS, we generated a BAC transgenic mouse model in which Sc1 is expressed in radial glia and their astrocyte derivatives using the astroglial-specific Blbp (Brain-lipid binding protein; [Feng et al., (1994) Neuron 12:895–908]) regulatory elements. Characterization of these Blbf-Sc1 transgenic mice show elevated Sc1 transcript and protein in an astroglial selective pattern throughout the CNS. This model provides a novel in vivo system for evaluating the role of SC1 in brain development and function, in general, and for understanding SC1’s significance in the fate and function of astroglial cells, in particular. Keywords cerebral cortex; astroglia; SPARCL1; SC1; fatty acid binding protein 7; fabp7 INTRODUCTION SC1 is a member of the SPARC (Secreted Protein Acidic and Rich in Cysteine) family of extracellular matrix-associated proteins, which, in addition to SC1 and SPARC, includes testicans 1–3, tsc36, QR1, and SMOCs.