Downloaded from genome.cshlp.org on October 1, 2021 - Published by Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press For GENOME RESEARCH (Methods) Single cell mutational profiling and clonal phylogeny in cancer Nicola E Potter – Institute of Cancer Research, UK Luca Ermini – Institute of Cancer Research, UK Elli Papaemmanuil – Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, UK Giovanni Cazzaniga - Clinica Pediatrica, Italy Gowri Vijayaraghavan – Institute of Cancer Research, UK Ian Titley – Institute of Cancer Research, UK Anthony Ford – Institute of Cancer Research, UK Peter Campbell - Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, UK Lyndal Kearney – Institute of Cancer Research, UK Mel Greaves – Institute of Cancer Research, UK Corresponding Author - Professor Mel Greaves FRS, Head, Haemato-Oncology Research Unit, Division of Molecular Pathology, Brookes Lawley Building, 15 Cotswold Road, Sutton, Surrey SM2 5NG T +44 (0)20 8722 4073 (direct) E
[email protected] Running title: Genetic analysis of single cancer cells Keywords: Heterogeneity, Single cells, Cancer, Phylogeny 1 Downloaded from genome.cshlp.org on October 1, 2021 - Published by Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press ABSTRACT The development of cancer is a dynamic evolutionary process in which intra-clonal, genetic diversity provides a substrate for clonal selection and a source of therapeutic escape. The complexity and topography of intra-clonal genetic architecture has major implications for biopsy-based prognosis and for targeted therapy. High depth, next generation sequencing (NGS) efficiently captures the mutational load of individual tumours or biopsies. But, being a snapshot portrait of total DNA, it disguises the fundamental features of sub-clonal variegation of genetic lesions and of clonal phylogeny. Single cell genetic profiling provides a potential resolution to this problem but methods developed to date all have limitations.