Widelity Report and Catalog of Costs” for the Broadcast Incentive Auction Reimbursement Program
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
NEXT GENERATION MOBILE WIRELESS NETWORKS: 5G CELLULAR INFRASTRUCTURE JULY-SEPT 2020 the Journal of Technology, Management, and Applied Engineering
VOLUME 36, NUMBER 3 July-September 2020 Article Page 2 References Page 17 Next Generation Mobile Wireless Networks: Authors Dr. Rendong Bai 5G Cellular Infrastructure Associate Professor Dept. of Applied Engineering & Technology Eastern Kentucky University Dr. Vigs Chandra Professor and Coordinator Cyber Systems Technology Programs Dept. of Applied Engineering & Technology Eastern Kentucky University Dr. Ray Richardson Professor Dept. of Applied Engineering & Technology Eastern Kentucky University Dr. Peter Ping Liu Professor and Interim Chair School of Technology Eastern Illinois University Keywords: The Journal of Technology, Management, and Applied Engineering© is an official Mobile Networks; 5G Wireless; Internet of Things; publication of the Association of Technology, Management, and Applied Millimeter Waves; Beamforming; Small Cells; Wi-Fi 6 Engineering, Copyright 2020 ATMAE 701 Exposition Place Suite 206 SUBMITTED FOR PEER – REFEREED Raleigh, NC 27615 www. atmae.org JULY-SEPT 2020 The Journal of Technology, Management, and Applied Engineering Next Generation Mobile Wireless Networks: Dr. Rendong Bai is an Associate 5G Cellular Infrastructure Professor in the Department of Applied Engineering and Technology at Eastern Kentucky University. From 2008 to 2018, ABSTRACT he served as an Assistant/ The requirement for wireless network speed and capacity is growing dramatically. A significant amount Associate Professor at Eastern of data will be mobile and transmitted among phones and Internet of things (IoT) devices. The current Illinois University. He received 4G wireless technology provides reasonably high data rates and video streaming capabilities. However, his B.S. degree in aircraft the incremental improvements on current 4G networks will not satisfy the ever-growing demands of manufacturing engineering users and applications. -
1G 2G 3G LTE 4G What's Next
What’s Next in the Cellular Evolution & How to Leverage it for New Business As you will come to see, this goal can 2006 only be accomplished by phasing out 3G and reallocating the extra bandwidth to 4G LTE. This task can only be described 2001 as daunting and challenging from not just 2018 our security perspective, but more so from theirs. 1989 Looking for more proof? First, because of demand it is necessary to upgrade all cellular networks on a regular basis. Two 2002 billion people on the planet use cellphones, according to James Katz, professor of com- munication at Rutgers University. In fact, as of 2011 there were more cellphone sub- 1999 scribers in the United States than people, ac- LTE cording to a study, underwritten by CTIA, a trade association representing the wireless 1983 1G 2G 3G 4G communications industry in the U.S., as re- ported by Bridget Kelly, author of “What Is Courtesy of Napco StarLink the Role of the Cell Phone in Communica- tion Today?” Ride the New Wave in Cellular for New RMR Society at large is becoming more mo- bile-oriented because of convenience, busi- There’s undeniably a lot of upside system control, remote video monitoring or ness and personal lifestyles. According to for savvy installing security contractors long-distance doorbells. We as an industry market research firm Statista of New York and fire/life-safety professionals whose are on the small screen to the tune of brand City, the number of smartphone users is billable offerings keep pace with the new relevance and new recurring revenue. -
Blast Demolition Study of Guyed Masts
Hindawi Shock and Vibration Volume 2018, Article ID 3819183, 7 pages https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/3819183 Research Article Blast Demolition Study of Guyed Masts Abinet K. Habtemariam , Volkmar Zabel , Marcelo J. Bianco, and Carsten Ko¨nke Institute of Structural Mechanics, Bauhaus-Universit¨at Weimar, Marienstr 15, 99421 Weimar, Germany Correspondence should be addressed to Abinet K. Habtemariam; [email protected] Received 30 April 2018; Revised 3 July 2018; Accepted 9 July 2018; Published 26 August 2018 Academic Editor: Roberto Nascimbene Copyright © 2018 Abinet K. Habtemariam et al. )is is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Demolition of guyed masts is usually carried out by cutting down some of the supporting guy cables using an explosive in such a way that the mast can fall into the desired direction. Without the cable supports, guyed tubular masts are very slender structures which are susceptible to local buckling based on the internal force distribution. If this local buckling occurs at the early stage of the demolition processes, it can cause uncertainty in the failure mechanism. )e risk of undesirable demolition outcome due to this uncertainty can be mitigated by using controlled detonation setups. In this paper, a sensitivity analysis is presented using a case study to determine the influence of the explosive detonation time on the collapse development and pattern of the guyed mast. )en, the results of the sensitivity analysis are systematically categorized using cluster analysis to show possible types of collapse regimes which can be used to setup a controlled demolition scheme. -
Evolution of Access Network Sharing and Its Role in 5G Networks
applied sciences Review Evolution of Access Network Sharing and Its Role in 5G Networks Nima Afraz * , Frank Slyne , Harleen Gill and Marco Ruffini * CONNECT Centre, Trinity College, The University of Dublin, 2 Dublin, Ireland; [email protected] (F.S.); [email protected] (H.G.) * Correspondence: [email protected] (N.A.); marco.ruffi[email protected] (M.R.) Received: 3 October 2019; Accepted: 18 October 2019; Published: 28 October 2019 Abstract: This paper details the evolution of access network sharing models from legacy DSL to the most recent fibre-based technology and the main challenges faced from technical and business perspectives. We first give an overview of existing access sharing models, that span physical local loop unbundling and virtual unbundled local access. We then describe different types of optical access technologies and highlight how they support network sharing. Next, we examine how the concept of SDN and network virtualization has been pivotal in enabling the idea of “true multi-tenancy”, through the use of programmability, flexible architecture and resource isolation. We give examples of recent developments of cloud central office and OLT virtualization. Finally, we provide an insight into the role that novel business models, such as blockchain and smart contract technology, could play in 5G networks. We discuss how these might evolve, to provide flexibility and dynamic operations that are needed in the data and control planes. Keywords: access networks; network sharing; 5G networks; multi tenancy; optical access; sharing economics 1. Introduction By its nature, a telecommunications network is a shared resource that interconnects multiple nodes. Network sharing is part of a fundamental principle of statistical multiplexing of link capacity. -
PDF Download First Term at Tall Towers Kindle
FIRST TERM AT TALL TOWERS PDF, EPUB, EBOOK Lou Kuenzler | 192 pages | 03 Apr 2014 | Scholastic | 9781407136288 | English | London, United Kingdom First Term at Tall Towers, Kids Online Book Vlogger & Reviews - The KRiB - The KRiB TV Retrieved 5 October Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat. Archived from the original on 20 August Retrieved 30 August Retrieved 26 July Cable News Network. Archived from the original on 1 March Retrieved 1 March The Daily Telegraph. Tobu Railway Co. Retrieved 8 March Skyscraper Center. Retrieved 15 October Retrieved Retrieved 27 March Retrieved 4 April Retrieved 27 December Palawan News. Retrieved 11 April Retrieved 25 October Tallest buildings and structures. History Skyscraper Storey. British Empire and Commonwealth European Union. Commonwealth of Nations. Additionally guyed tower Air traffic obstacle All buildings and structures Antenna height considerations Architectural engineering Construction Early skyscrapers Height restriction laws Groundscraper Oil platform Partially guyed tower Tower block. Italics indicate structures under construction. Petronius m Baldpate Platform Tallest structures Tallest buildings and structures Tallest freestanding structures. Categories : Towers Lists of tallest structures Construction records. Namespaces Article Talk. Views Read Edit View history. Help Learn to edit Community portal Recent changes Upload file. Download as PDF Printable version. Wikimedia Commons. Tallest tower in the world , second-tallest freestanding structure in the world after the Burj Khalifa. Tallest freestanding structure in the world —, tallest in the western hemisphere. Tallest in South East Asia. Tianjin Radio and Television Tower. Central Radio and TV Tower. Liberation Tower. Riga Radio and TV Tower. Berliner Fernsehturm. Sri Lanka. Stratosphere Tower. United States. Tallest observation tower in the United States. -
Dynamic Analysis of Guyed Towers Subjected to Wind
DYNAMIC ANALYSIS OF GUYED TOWERS SUBJECTED TO WIND LOADS INCORPORATING NONLINEARITY OF THE GUYS by ROHIT KAUL, B.E. A THESIS IN CIVIL ENGINEERING Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of Texas Tech University in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE IN CIVIL ENGINEERING Approved August, 1999 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS First of all, I would like to express my sincere gratitude to Dr. C. V.Girija I Vallabhan, chairman of my committee, whose depth of knowledge and enthusiasm introduced me to the field of nonlinear mechanics and inspired me to put in my best. His exceptional perception for accurate structural modeling and analysis has been invaluable to me throughout my research. I would also like to thank Dr. Vallabhan for closely working with me and sharing with me his insights for more suitable solutions. I would like to thank Dr. K. C. Mehta for funding my research. I would also like to thank him for providing guidance throughout the course of my research and for providing valuable suggestions that helped in shaping my thesis. In particular, Dr. Mehta's willingness to help at all times was greatly appreciated. I extend my appreciation to Dr. P.P. Sarkar for providing insights in the wind engineering field and for his help in the review of the thesis manuscript. I would like to thank Mr. John Schroeder and other colleagues for providing the field wind data and their cooperation. My sincere appreciation goes to my wife, Rajeswari for her patience and help in the thesis documentation. Finally, I would like to dedicate my thesis to my parents, who have always encouraged me to set high academic goals. -
Evolutionary Steps from 1G to 4.5G
ISSN (Online) : 2278-1021 ISSN (Print) : 2319-5940 International Journal of Advanced Research in Computer and Communication Engineering Vol. 3, Issue 4, April 2014 Evolutionary steps from 1G to 4.5G Tondare S M1, Panchal S D2, Kushnure D T3 Assistant Professor, Electronics and Telecom Dept., Sandipani Technical Campus Faculty of Engg, Latur(MS), India 1,2 Assistant Professor, Electronics and Telecom Department, VPCOE, Baramati(MS), India 3 Abstract: The journey from analog based first generation service (1G) to today’s truly broadband-ready LTE advanced networks (now accepted as 4.5G), the wireless industry is on a path that promises some great innovation in our future. Technology from manufacturers is advancing at a stunning rate and the wireless networking is tying our gadgets together with the services we demand. Manufacturers are advancing technologies at a stunning rate and also evolution in wireless technology all impossible things possible as market requirement. Keywords: Mobile Wireless Communication Networks, 1G, 2G, 3G, 4G,4.5G I. INTRODUCTION With rapid development of information and was replaced by Digital Access techniques such as TDMA communication technologies (ICT), particularly the (Time division multiple access), CDMA (code division wireless communication technology it is becoming very multiple access) having enhanced Spectrum efficiency, necessary to analyse the performance of different better data services and special feature as Roaming was generations of wireless technologies. In just the past 10 introduced. years, we have seen a great evolution of wireless services which we use every day. With the exponential evolution, B.Technology there has been equally exponential growth in use of the 2G cellular systems includes GSM, digital AMPS, code services, taking advantage of the recently available division multiple access(CDMA),personal digital bandwidth around the world. -
DELL TECHNOLOGIES and 5G Analysis and Strategy to Capture the 5G Mobile Opportunity
DELL TECHNOLOGIES AND 5G Analysis and strategy to capture the 5G mobile opportunity November 2019 TABLE OF CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ............................................................................................................................................................3 THE DELL TECHNOLOGIES 5G STRATEGY ..........................................................................................................................4 1. INTRODUCTION ....................................................................................................................................................................6 1.1 5G NEW DEMANDS ..............................................................................................................................................7 1.2 NEW TRAFFIC TYPES...........................................................................................................................................7 1.3 IOT ...........................................................................................................................................................................7 1.4 AR/VR .....................................................................................................................................................................9 1.5 MISSION-CRITICAL. ........................................................................................................................................... 10 1.6 ENHANCED MOBILE BROADBAND ............................................................................................................... -
Easy Remote Testing of Radiohead Operation with CPRI and OBSAI
VIAVI Solutions Brochure VIAVI T-BERD/MTS-5800 Platform Easy Remote Testing of Radiohead Operation with CPRI and OBSAI With the current mobile backhaul transition to small-cell deployments, field technicians (of service providers and wireless NEM contractors) must verify and install CPRI/OBSAI links between the remote radio head (RRH) and baseband unit (BBU). Applications range from verifying connectivity, emulating the CPRI/OBSAI protocol, and installing links to troubleshooting CPRI connectivity and ensuring there are no code violations, BER errors, and/or framing issues. The T-BERD/MTS-5800 is a portable field test instrument capable of Key Features testing CPRI/OBSAI transport links. CPRI and OBSAI test options save y Integrates installation tools and advanced troubleshooting analysis in single test hours of troubleshooting by enabling installation with BER testing and instrument performing link delay measurements, thereby ensuring proper handoffs y enables upgrading in-field with functionality for OTDR, COSA or for time-sensitive and service-critical applications such as LTE. Timing/Sync measurements y y Leading field network install platform for Customers can lower CapEx with a modular, field-upgradeable 614M Mbps to 10137 Mbps CPRI and tester that can seamlessly expand to future technologies like CPRI/ 768 Mbps to 6144 Mbps OBSAI interfaces y Verifies CRAN networks carrying OBSAI and the existing Ethernet backhaul technologies like Ethernet, CPRI/OBSAI over dark fiber or xWDM links Ethernet OAM, PDH, 1588v2/PTP, and SyncE. over several miles with BER and roudtrip delay tests in CPRI/OBSAI y To promote an efficient service and network-management life cycle, y Verify RRH remotely with CPRI/OBSAI layer 2 frame sync and roundtripdelay the solution integrates installation tools and advanced measurements troubleshooting analysis in a single test instrument. -
What Frequency Is 5G (Verizon)
11/18/2019 What frequency is 5G? | About Verizon eless.com/) Residential (https://www.verizon.com/?lid=//global//residential) m/business/gateway/) About Verizon (/about/) Your Contact us Our Company location: (https://www.verizon.com/Support/Residential/contact- (/about/our-company) Concord, us/index.htm) NH News (/about/news) Change location 11.18.2019 Personal Tech (/about/news-story-categories/personal-tech) What frequency is 5G? (https://w(whtwtp.f:a//cwewb(howto.ttkpw.:c/i/totwemwr/.cswoh.lmainr/keserh/dsaihrnea.c?roemr.p/hshpa?reArticle? u=https://uvrzl=.thot/t3p7si:8m//DivnOzi.=toot)r/u3e7&i8uDrlO=hot&tpvsia:/=/vez.rtioz/o3n7&i8teDxOt=oW&htiatlte%=W20hfaret%qu2e0nfcreyq%u2e0nicsy%%22005iGs%%230F5% From 1G to 5G all cellular networks carry information through the electromagnetic spectrum which includes the radio spectrum https://www.verizon.com/about/our-company/5g/what-frequency-5g?fbclid=IwAR2RIHs8cmcE_pskp6pSYZuXDEVnzq_hmb12fkY_wPSNpD-Q5OUk4f… 1/5 11/18/2019 What frequency is 5G? | About Verizon From 1G to 5G, all cellular networks carry information through the electromagnetic spectrum, which includes the radio spectrum. Some frequency bands within the radio spectrum will be used for 5G, including Verizon’s 5G Ultra Wideband (UWB) network. The following information can help you learn what frequency 5G uses and how that affects the speed and efficiency of the network. What is the radio spectrum? To understand exactly how fast 5G technology is expected to be, it’s important to consider it in relation to other cellular network technologies. If you think back to high school physics, you may recall the electromagnetic spectrum. This includes all the different wavelengths/frequencies you may encounter: Gamma Rays, X-Rays, light and visible rays, microwaves, millimeter waves (mmWave), radio waves (including AM and FM radio) and more. -
1G, 2G, 3G, 4G, 5G
1G, 2G, 3G, 4G, 5G By: Simon Johansen G? • G Generation • Generation of wireless phone technology 1G • Frequency: 150MHz / • From 1980 to 1990 900MHz • Bad voice quality • Bandwidth: Analog • Poor battery, cellphones telecommunication • Big cellphones (30KHz) • Characteristic: First • Better than nothing, at wireless communication least its wireless and • Technology: Analog mobile cellular • Capacity (data rate): 2kbps 2G • Frequency: 1.8GHz • From 1991 to 2000 (900MHz), digital • Allows txt msg service telecommunication • Signal must be strong or • Bandwidth: 900MHz else weak digital signal (25MHz) • Characteristic: Digital • 2.5G • Technology: Digital – 2G cellular technology with cellular, GSM GPRS • Capacity (data rate): – E-Mails 64kbps – Web browsing – Camera phones • Why better than 1G? 3G • Frequency: 1.6 – 2.0 • From 2000 to 2010 GHz • Called smartphones • Bandwidth: 100MHz • Video calls • Characteristic: Digital • Fast communication broadband, increased • Mobil TV speed • 3G phones rather • Technology: CDMA, expensive UMTS, EDGE • Capacity (data rate): 144kbps – 2Mbps • Why better than 2G? 4G • Frequency: 2 – 8 GHz • From 2010 to today (2020?) • Bandwidth: 100MHz • MAGIC • Characteristic: High – Mobile multimedia speed, all IP – Anytime, anywhere • Technology: LTE, WiFi – Global mobile support • Capacity (data rate): – Integrated wireless 100Mbps – 1Gbps solutions – Customized personal service • Why better than 3G? • Good QoS + high security • Bigger battery usage 5G • https://5g.co.uk/guides • From X (2020?) to Y /5g-frequencies-in-the- -
Global Wireless Infrastructure Solutions and Broadband
Global Wireless and Broadband Infrastructure Solutions Mer Group drives the industry with turnkey wireless and broadband infrastructure solutions MER TELECOM ON AIR. EVERYWHERE. Mer Group Telecom Division provides cutting- edge, turnkey telecommunication solutions globally, with a diverse and unique wireless and broadband infrastructures portfolio. Our tailor-made solutions include low-cost and rapid deployed cellular sites, single to multi- tenant cell-site solutions, and turnkey fiber-optic infrastructures. Our turnkey approach covers all stages of network deployment: • Network design • Planning and acquisition • Civil works • Equipment supply, installation, optimization and implementation • Active and passive infrastructure maintenance Mer Group Telecom Division has earned a worldwide reputation of excellence in telecommunication tower design and manufacturing, providing our customers a one-stop shop solution for their entire network infrastructure needs. Our extensive footprint in Africa, Asia and Latin America enables us to offer our customers: • In-country management and support • In-depth regional knowledge • Short lead-time with unsurpassed time to market • Efficient logistics chain We are honoured to provide our services to leading telecommunication companies including America Movil, Entel, Telefonica, Tigo, Vodacom, Airtel, Orange, Liquid Telecom, Nokia, Ericsson, Huawei, ZTE, ATC, and Helios TURNKEY SITE CONSTRUCTION With Mer’s extensive experience of over 30,000 cellular sites built globally, our customers are confident that their wireless infrastructure roll-out is in reliable hands. All-Inclusive Site Design Project Management Our structural engineering department offers Mer Group Telecom Division does not spare any comprehensive design services complying with TIA resources in the management of every project. Each and local standards that include: project is supported by a large team of professionals led by a dedicated expert project manager.