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First Record of Brachytemnus Porcatus (Germar, 1823) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) from South-Eastern Anatolia (Turkey) and Its Host Pinus Parviflora

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First Record of Brachytemnus Porcatus (Germar, 1823) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) from South-Eastern Anatolia (Turkey) and Its Host Pinus Parviflora Ecologica Montenegrina 41: 69-72 (2021) This journal is available online at: www.biotaxa.org/em http://dx.doi.org/10.37828/em.2021.41.10 First record of Brachytemnus porcatus (Germar, 1823) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) from South-eastern Anatolia (Turkey) and its host Pinus parviflora ANDREI A. LEGALOV1,2,3, HAKAN ÇELIK4 & HALIL BOLU4 1 Institute of Systematics and Ecology of Animals, SB RAS, Frunze street 11, Novosibirsk, 630091, Russia. 2 Altai State University, Lenina 61, Barnaul, 656049, Russia. 3 Tomsk State University, Lenina Prospekt 36, Tomsk, 634050, Russia. E-mail: [email protected] 4 Dicle University, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Plant Protection, TR 21280, Diyarbakır, Turkey. E-mails: [email protected], [email protected] Received 1 April 2021 │ Accepted by V. Pešić: 9 April 2021 │ Published online 12 April 2021. Abstract This study was conducted in 2019 on pine trees in Province of Diyarbakır (Sur District) in South-eastern Anatolia Region of Turkey. Shot samples were taken from the dried pine trees and brought to the laboratory. Samples were cultured in plastic containers at the temperature of 26±1°C, relative humidity of 65±5, and illumination of 3500 lux for 16 hours per day. As a result of this study, Brachytemnus porcatus (Germar, 1823) species belonging to Curculionidae family of Coleoptera was determined. This is the first record for pine trees in Diyarbakir. In addition, this species is the first record for the insect fauna of Diyarbakır. This harmful species, which is one of the rare insect species in the world, is thought to have entered the province of Diyarbakır, possibly through production materials brought to the region without supervision. Key for the species of the subtribe Stenoscelidina from Turkey is given. Key words: Biodiversity, Cossoninae, Rhyncolini, Stenoscelidina, Diyarbakır, Turkey. Introduction Turkey in fact seems to be like a small continent in terms of biological diversity. Despite the Anatolia is not a continent alone, it contains all properties of a continent that should have an ecosystem and habitat. Each of seven geographical regions in Turkey has a distinguishable climate, flora and fauna. Asia, Middle East and Europe intersect at the point where Turkey has a rich natural diversity of flora and fauna due to the favorable geographical conditions and climate. Turkey with about 10,000 native species of flowering plants and ferns is one of the countries with the richest flora in the temperate climate zone. Approximately one third (34.4%) of its flora consists of endemic species (Özhatay et al. 2005). Beetles of the subfamily Cossoninae are a specialized group adapted as rule in development in the fresh to rotten wood, but some forms live in the herbs, leaf, seed, fruit, palm leaves, fern fronds (Kuschel et al. 2000). In total, nineteen species of this subfamily are known from Turkey (Alonso-Zarazaga et. al 2017). Ecologica Montenegrina, 41, 2021, 69-72 FIRST RECORD OF BRACHYTEMNUS PORCATUS FROM DIYARBAKIR, TURKEY The tribe Rhyncolini is represented by 15 species in the Turkish fauna. Five species from five genera belong to the subtribe Stenoscelidina (Alonso-Zarazaga et. al 2017). They are associated with deciduous and coniferous trees (Lukjanovich and Arnoldi 1951). The article presents the discovery of Brachytemnus porcatus (Germar, 1823), first noted for the province of southern Turkey. Material and methods The specimen are kept in the ISEA = the Institute of Systematics and Ecology of Animals, SB RAS (Novosibirsk) and DU = the Dicle University, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Plant Protection (Diyarbakır). The material was studied using the Zeiss Stemi 2000-C dissecting stereomicroscope. The systematics of studied taxa are based on Legalov (2020). Results Brachytemnus porcatus (Germar, 1823) Fig. 1 Material examined: multiple specimens (DU, ISEA), Turkey, Diyarbakır, Sur District, 37°53'31.8"N, 40°16'22.2"E, 666 m. General distribution: North Africa: Algeria, Morocco; Europe: Azores, Spain, France, Germany, Austria, Denmark, Sweden, Poland, Belarus, Latvia, Lithuania, Italia, Switzerland, Albania, Greece, Montenegro, Romania, Croatia, Czech Republic, Slovakia, Slovenia, Hungary, Bulgaria (Folwaczny 1973; Alonso-Zarazaga et al. 2017), Ukraine: Ternopil Prov., Sumy Prov., Kyiv Prov., Kharkiv Prov., Donetsk Prov., Luhansk Prov., Crimea (Yunakov et al. 2018), Russia: Ulyanovsk Prov. (Isaev 2007); Asia: Lebanon, Syria, Cyprus, Turkey (Folwaczny 1973; Alonso-Zarazaga et al. 2017). Figure 1. Brachytemnus porcatus, laterally. Scale bar = 1.0 mm. Distribution in Turkey: Brachytemnus porcatus was previously found in Province of Bursa: Iznik and Tokat Province: Erbaa (Folwaczny 1973). The present record is new for Province of Diyarbakır: Sur District. 70 LEGALOV ET AL. Figure 2. Distribution of Brachytemnus porcatus in Turkey: black circle – old records, red circle – new record. Figure 3. Habitat of Brachytemnus porcatus in Pinus parviflora (photo by H. Bolu). Ecologica Montenegrina, 41, 2021, 69-72 71 FIRST RECORD OF BRACHYTEMNUS PORCATUS FROM DIYARBAKIR, TURKEY Host plant: Pinus, Picea, Abies, Cedrus (Dieckmann 1983). Host plant in Turkey: Pinus parviflora Siebold & Zucc. (Pinaceae). Remarks. This study was carried out on pine trees (Pinus parviflora) in Dicle University Campus, Faculty of Agriculture. This study was conducted in 2019 on pine trees in Province of Diyarbakır (Sur District) in South-eastern Anatolia Region of Turkey. Shot samples were taken from the dried pine trees and brought to the laboratory. The samples brought to the laboratory were divided into small pieces and placed in 20X20X30 cm plastic containers covered with thin cheesecloth. Samples were cultured in plastic containers at the temperature of 26±1°C, relative humidity of 65±5, and illumination of 3500 lux for 16 hours per day. Key for the species of the subtribe Stenoscelidina from Turkey 1 Antennal funicle 6-segmented Hexarthrum capitulum (Wollaston, 1858) Antennal funicle 7-segmented 2 2 Scutellum absent 3 - Scutellum present 4 3. Humeri flattened. Rostrum distinctly longer than wide Pselactus spadix (Herbst, 1795) - Humeri distinct. Rostrum shorter than wide Stenoscelis submuricata (Schoenherr, 1832) 4. Rostrum as long as wide Brachytemnus porcatus (Germar, 1823) - Rostrum distinctly longer than wide Stereocorynes truncorum (Germar, 1823) Acknowledgements The authors thank Dr. Boris A. Korotyaev (Russia: Saint-Petersburg) for the opportunity to study comparative material deposited in the Zoological Institute RAS and two anonymous reviewers for valuable suggestions that improved the manuscript. References Alonso-Zarazaga, M.A., Barrios, H., Borovec, R., Bouchard, P., Caldara, R., Colonnelli, E., Gültekin, L., Hlavá, P., Korotyaev, B., Lyal, C.H.C., Machado, A., Meregalli, M., Pierotti, H., Ren, L., Sánchez- Ruiz, M., Sforzi, A., Silfverberg, H., Skuhrovec, J., Trýzna, M., Velázquez de Castro, A.J., Yunakov, NN. (2017) Cooperative catalogue of Palaearctic Coleoptera Curculionoidea. Monografías electrónicas, 8, 1–729. Dieckmann, L. (1983) Beiträge zur Insektenfauna der DDR: Tanymecinae, Leptopiinae, Cleoninae, Tanyrhynchinae, Cossoninae, Raymondionyminae, Bagoinae, Tanysphyrinae. Beiträge zur Entomologie, 33, 257–381. Folwaczny, B. (1973) Bestimmungstabelle der paläarktische Cossoninae (Coleoptera, Curculionidae) ohne die nur in China und Japan vorkommend Gattungen, nebst Angaben zur Verbreitung. Entomologische Blätter, 69, 65–180. Isaev, A.Yu. (2007) Opredelitel' zhestkokrylykh Srednego Povolzh'ya (chast' III. Polyphaga-Phytophaga). Ulyanovsk, Vektor-S. 256 p. (in Russian). Kuschel, G., Leschen, R.A.B., Zimmerman, E.C. (2000) Platypodidae under scrutiny. Invertebrate Taxonomy, 14, 771–805. https://doi.org/10.1071/it00024 Legalov, A.A. (2020) Annotated key to weevils of the world. Part 4. Subfamilies Erirhininae, Dryophthorinae and Cossoninae (Curculionidae). Ukrainian Journal of Ecology, 10 (2), 319–331. https://doi.org/10.15421/2020_104 Lukjanovich, F.K., Arnoldi, L.V. (1951) Opredelitel' dolgonosikov-trukhlyakov podsemeystva Cossoninae fauny SSSR i sopredel'nykh stran Evropy i Peredney Azii. Entomologicheskoe Obozrenie, 31, 549– 567 (in Russian). Özhatay, N., Byfield. A., Atay, S. (2005). Türkiye'nin 122 Önemli Bitki Alanı, WWF Türkiye Doğal Hayatı Koruma Vakfı Yayını, İstanbul. p. 476. Yunakov, N., Nazarenko, V., Filimonov, R., Volovnik, S. (2018) A survey of the weevils of Ukraine. Zootaxa, 4404. 1–494, https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4404.1.1 72 .
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