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Final Report Final Report Implementing Framework Service Contract EAC 02/2010 (lot 3) And Specific Contract EAC/2012/0152 “Delivering Education across Borders in the European Union” Prepared by the research team under the lead of Authors: Uwe Brandenburg, Andrew McCoshan, Lukas Bischof, Anne Kreft, Ulrike Storost, Hannah Leichsenring, Frederic Neuss, Britta Morzick, Sabine Noe Advisory Board: Peter Scott, Stamenka Uvalić-Trumbić, Hans de Wit Disclaimer: The information and views set out in this study are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the official opinion of the Commission. The Commission does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this study. Neither the Commission nor any person acting on the Commission’s behalf may be held responsible for the use which may be made of the information contained therein. Reproduction is authorised provided the source is acknowledged. Contact Person: Mr. Thomas Fischer Executive Director of the Brussels Office of the Bertelsmann Stiftung Bertelsmann Stiftung Brussels Office Résidence Palace (7th floor) Rue de la Loi 155 BE-1040 Brussels Tel: +32 2 233 3893 Fax: +32 2 280 3221 © European Union, 2013. Reproduction is authorized provided the source is acknowledged. Publications Office of the European Union 2013 – 130pp. – 21 x 29.7 cm 2013.4457 - NC-31-13-949-EN-N ISBN 978-92-79-29741-0 DOI: 10.2766/38072 Study “Delivering Education across Borders in the European Union” – Final Report 2 Table of Content Table of Content ...................................................................................................................................... 2 List of Figures ........................................................................................................................................... 5 List of Tables ............................................................................................................................................ 6 Excursuses ............................................................................................................................................... 6 1. Executive Summary ......................................................................................................................... 7 Part 1: Introduction and Methodology ................................................................................................. 17 2. Introduction ................................................................................................................................... 17 2.1. Purpose and Objectives of the Study .................................................................................... 18 2.2. Scope of the Study ................................................................................................................. 19 2.3. Definitions ............................................................................................................................. 19 2.4. Structure of the Report ......................................................................................................... 20 3. Research Approach, Methodology and Yield ................................................................................ 21 3.1. Project Stages and Progress .................................................................................................. 21 3.2. Desk Research for mapping of cross-border provision in the EU .......................................... 21 3.3. Involving Stakeholders .......................................................................................................... 21 3.4. The CHE Experts Delphi ......................................................................................................... 21 3.5. Involvement of Expert Advisory Board .................................................................................. 24 3.6. Main Survey and Tailored Design Method in Surveying ....................................................... 24 3.7. Quality Control of Survey Results and Validity of Data ......................................................... 28 3.8. In-depth interviews in four countries .................................................................................... 29 3.9. Strengths and Limitations of the Methodology .................................................................... 30 Part 2: Results ........................................................................................................................................ 31 4. Mapping of CBHE Provision ........................................................................................................... 31 4.1. Context Information .............................................................................................................. 31 4.2. Mapping Information ............................................................................................................ 32 4.2.1. Mapping of Received CBHE Activity .............................................................................. 32 4.2.2. Mapping of Exported CBHE Activity .............................................................................. 36 4.2.3. Types of CBHE Activity ................................................................................................... 42 4.2.4. Analysis by Funding Type .............................................................................................. 45 4.2.5. Analysis by Degrees Awarded ....................................................................................... 49 4.2.6. Major Receiving and Exporting Countries ..................................................................... 52 4.3. Relationships between Provider Mobility and Student Mobility .......................................... 59 Study “Delivering Education across Borders in the European Union” – Final Report 3 4.4. Motivations for participating in CBHE ................................................................................... 64 4.5. Observations and Interpretations ......................................................................................... 65 5. Mapping of Regulatory Frameworks in the 27 EU Member States............................................... 68 5.1. EU Regulations ....................................................................................................................... 68 5.2. Cross-Country Analysis .......................................................................................................... 70 5.2.1. Types of mechanism used to control the receipt of CBHE ............................................ 70 5.2.2. Regulation of Exporting CBHE ....................................................................................... 76 5.2.3. Relationship of regulation to patterns of provision ...................................................... 78 5.2.4. Perceptions of regulation .............................................................................................. 79 5.3. Observations and Interpretation ........................................................................................... 82 6. Risks, Benefits and Quality ............................................................................................................ 84 6.1. Context .................................................................................................................................. 84 6.2. Perception of Risks and Benefits ........................................................................................... 86 6.2.1. Risks ............................................................................................................................... 86 6.2.2. Benefits .......................................................................................................................... 93 6.3. Quality Issues ......................................................................................................................... 97 6.3.1. Context .......................................................................................................................... 97 6.3.2. Findings .......................................................................................................................... 98 6.4. Observations and Interpretations ....................................................................................... 107 7. Overarching Observations and Conclusion ................................................................................. 109 8. Annex ........................................................................................................................................... 111 8.1 Delphi Participation Statistics .............................................................................................. 111 8.2 Main Survey Participation Statistics .................................................................................... 112 8.3 Survey Questionnaire .......................................................................................................... 115 8.4 Country Profiles ................................................................................................................... 115 8.5 List of CBHE Providers ......................................................................................................... 116 Study “Delivering Education across Borders in the European Union” – Final Report 4 List of Figures Figure 1: Received CBHE activity by type of activity ..............................................................................
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