BioBlitz 2018 at the Dixon Waterfowl Refuge Final Plant List
BOLD = species new to the site NOTE: A plant’s C-VALUE (or degree of conservation) describes its relative rarity, and the probability of finding it in an undisturbed environment, as defined in Plants of the Chicago Region (1994, Floyd & Swink), and later Flora of the Chicago Region (2017, Wilhelm & Rericha). Many thanks to the volunteers, citizen and scientist alike, who helped make this list possible – especially our heroes from iNaturalist. Visit our iNaturalist collection: (https://www.inaturalist.org/projects/dixon-waterfowl-refuge-bioblitz-2018) Total: 413
Species Common name Native? C-value 1 Abutilon theophrasti velvetleaf non-native 0 2 Acer negundo boxelder native 0 3 Acer saccharinum silver maple native 1 4 Acer saccharum sugar maple native 5 5 Achillea millefolium common yarrow native 0 6 Acorus americanus american sweet flag native 9 7 Aesculus glabra ohio buckeye native 7 8 Agastache nepetoides yellow giant hyssop native 5 9 Agastache scrophulariifolia purple giant hyssop native 5 10 Ageratina altissima white snakeroot native 3 11 Agrimonia pubescens soft agrimony native 6 12 Agrimonia rostellata beaked agrimony native 8 13 Alisma subcordatum common water plantain native 3 14 Alliaria petiolata garlic mustard non-native 0 15 Allium cernuum nodding wild onion native 7 16 Allium stellatum prairie onion non-native 0 17 Ambrosia artemisiifolia common ragweed native 0 18 Ambrosia trifida giant ragweed native 0 19 Amorpha canescens lead plant native 10 20 Amorpha fruticosa indigo bush native 5 21 Ampelopsis brevipedunculata turquoise berry non-native 0 22 Amphicarpaea bracteata upland hog peanut native 5 23 Andropogon gerardii big bluestem native 5 24 Anemone canadensis meadow anemone native 4 25 Angelica atropurpurea great angelica native 7 26 Antennaria plantaginifolia pussytoes native 4 27 Antenoron virginianum jumpseed native 4
28 Apios americana ground nut native 5 29 Apocynum cannabinum hairy dogbane native 6 30 Aquilegia canadensis wild columbine native 6 31 Arnoglossum atriplicifolium pale indian plantain native 8 32 Arnoglossum reniforme great indian plantain native 10 33 Artemisia campestris subsp. caudata beach wormwood native 5 34 Artemisia ludoviciana white sage non-native 0 35 Asclepias hirtella tall green milkweed native 10 36 Asclepias incarnata swamp milkweed native 3 37 Asclepias sullivantii prairie milkweed native 8 38 Asclepias syriaca common milkweed native 0 39 Asclepias tuberosa butterfly weed native 8 40 Asclepias verticillata whorled milkweed native 1 41 Asclepias viridiflora short green milkweed native 10 42 Asclepias viridis green milkweed native 5 43 Asplenium platyneuron ebony spleenwort native 3 44 Astragalus canadensis canadian milkvetch native 8 45 Azolla caroliniana eastern mosquito fern native 5 46 Baptisia lactea white wild indigo native 8 47 Baptisia leucophaea cream wild indigo native 10 48 Bidens bipinnata spanish needles non-native 0 49 Boehmeria cylindrica swamp false nettle native 5 50 Bolboschoenus fluviatilis river bulrush native 3 51 Bouteloua curtipendula side-oats grama native 8 52 Brassica nigra black mustard non-native 0 53 Brickellia eupatorioides var. corymbulosa false boneset native 6 54 Bromus ciliatus fringed brome native 10 55 Bromus inermis hungarian brome non-native 0 56 Bromus japonicus japanese brome non-native 0 57 Calamagrostis canadensis blue joint grass native 6 58 Calamovilfa longifolia var. magna sand reed native 8 59 Callirhoe triangulata clustered poppy mallow native 8 60 Campanulastrum americanum tall bellflower native 4 61 Carex annectens large-seeded fox sedge native 3 62 Carex blanda common wood sedge native 1 63 Carex brevior plains oval sedge native 3 64 Carex comosa bristly sedge native 5 65 Carex cristatella crested oval sedge native 4 66 Carex granularis pale sedge native 3 67 Carex haydenii long-scaled tussock sedge native 5 68 Carex hystericina porcupine sedge native 7
69 Carex lacustris common lake sedge native 5 70 Carex laeviconica long-toothed lake sedge native 10 71 Carex lurida bottlebrush sedge native 5 72 Carex molesta field oval sedge native 2 73 Carex muehlenbergii sand bracted sedge native 4 74 Carex scoparia broom oval sedge native 5 75 Carex stipata common fox sedge native 4 76 Carex vulpinoidea brown fox sedge native 2 77 Carya cordiformis bitternut hickory native 5 78 Carya glabra pignut hickory native 6 79 Carya illinoiensis pecan native 5 80 Carya ovata shagbark hickory native 5 81 Catalpa speciosa northern cigar tree non-native 0 82 Ceanothus americanus new jersey tea native 8 83 Celtis occidentalis hackberry native 2 84 Cenchrus longispinus common sandbur native 0 85 Cephalanthus occidentalis buttonbush native 5 86 Ceratophyllum demersum coontail native 2 87 Cercis canadensis redbud native 5 88 Chamaecrista fasciculata common partridge pea native 4 89 Chelone glabra turtlehead native 8 90 Chenopodium album lambs quarters non-native 0 91 Cicuta maculata water hemlock native 6 92 Cirsium discolor pasture thistle native 3 93 Cirsium muticum fen thistle native 9 94 Cirsium vulgare bull thistle non-native 0 95 Clematis pitcheri leather flower native 9 96 Comandra umbellata false toadflax native 9 97 Commelina communis common day flower non-native 0 98 Conium maculatum poison hemlock non-native 0 99 Conyza canadensis tall horseweed native 0 100 Coreopsis lanceolata sand coreopsis native 8 101 Coreopsis palmata prairie coreopsis native 10 102 Coreopsis tripteris tall coreopsis native 5 103 Cornus drummondii rough-leaved dogwood native 1 104 Cornus obliqua blue-fruited dogwood native 5 105 Corylus americana american hazelnut native 5 106 Crataegus mollis downy hawthorn native 2 107 Crotalaria sagittalis rattlebox native 8 108 Cyperus esculentus yellow nutsedge non-native 0 109 Cyperus odoratus rusty nut sedge native 2
110 Cyperus schweinitzii rough sand sedge native 5 111 Dactylis glomerata orchard grass non-native 0 112 Dalea candida white prairie clover native 10 113 Dalea foliosa leafy prairie clover native 10 114 Dalea purpurea purple prairie clover native 9 115 Dalea villosa silk y prairie clover native none 116 Dasistoma macrophylla mullein foxglove native 8 117 Datura stramonium jimson weed non-native 0 118 Daucus carota queen annes lace non-native 0 119 Decodon verticillatus swamp loosestrife native 8 120 Desmanthus illinoensis illinois bundleflower native 3 121 Desmodium canadense showy ticktrefoil native 4 122 Desmodium illinoense illinois ticktrefoil native 9 123 Desmodium paniculatum panicled ticktrefoil native 6 124 Desmodium sessilifolium short-stalked ticktrefoil native 6 125 Dianthus armeria deptford pink non-native 0 126 Dichanthelium clandestinum bristly panic grass native 4 127 Dichanthelium oligosanthes few-flowered panic grass native 9 128 Dichanthelium villosissimum woolly panic grass native 8 129 Diervilla lonicera dwarf honeysuckle native 10 130 Doellingeria umbellata flat-top aster native 8 131 Drymocallis arguta prairie cinquefoil native 10 132 Echinacea pallida pale purple coneflower native 10 133 Echinacea purpurea purple coneflower native 10 134 Echinochloa crus-galli barnyard grass non-native 0 135 Echinocystis lobata wild cucumber native 4 136 Elaeagnus umbellata asian autumn olive non-native 0 137 Eleocharis erythropoda red-rooted spikerush native 1 138 Elodea canadensis common waterweed native 2 139 Elymus canadensis canada wild rye native 4 140 Elymus villosus silky wild rye native 5 141 Elymus virginicus virginia wild rye native 3 142 Elytrigia repens quack grass non-native 0 143 Equisetum arvense horsetail native 0 144 Equisetum hyemale tall scouring rush native 1 145 Eragrostis spectabilis purple love grass native 3 146 Erechtites hieraciifolius american burnweed native 0 147 Erigeron annuus annual fleabane native 0 148 Erigeron strigosus daisy fleabane native 5 149 Eryngium yuccifolium rattlesnake master native 9 150 Eupatorium altissimum tall boneset native 0
151 Eupatorium perfoliatum common boneset native 4 152 Eupatorium serotinum late boneset native 0 153 Euphorbia corollata flowering spurge native 4 154 Eurybia macrophylla big-leaf aster native 9 smooth grass-leaved 155 Euthamia graminifolia goldenrod native 4 viscid grass-leaved 156 Euthamia gymnospermoides goldenrod native 4 157 Eutrochium fistulosum hollow joe pye weed native 9 158 Eutrochium maculatum spotted joe pye weed native 5 159 Eutrochium purpureum purple joe pye weed native 6 160 Filipendula rubra queen of the prairie native 10 161 Fraxinus americana white ash native 5 162 Fraxinus nigra black ash native 8 163 Fraxinus pennsylvanica red ash native 4 164 Fraxinus quadrangulata blue ash native 8 165 Galium aparine wild velcro native 0 166 Gaura biennis biennial gaura non-native 0 167 Gentiana alba yellowish gentian native 9 168 Gentiana andrewsii closed gentian native 9 169 Geranium maculatum wild geranium native 5 170 Geum canadense white avens native 1 171 Geum triflorum prairie smoke native 10 172 Glechoma hederacea creeping charlie non-native 0 173 Gleditsia triacanthos honey locust native 1 174 Gymnocladus dioicus kentucky coffee tree native 5 175 Hackelia virginiana stickseed native 1 176 Hasteola suaveolens sweet indian plantain native 10 177 Helenium autumnale sneezeweed native 5 178 Helianthus decapetalus thinleaf sunflower native 8 179 Helianthus giganteus tall sunflower native 10 180 Helianthus grosseserratus sawtooth sunflower native 4 181 Helianthus hirsutus hispid sunflower native 7 182 Helianthus mollis downy sunflower native 9 183 Helianthus occidentalis western sunflower native 10 184 Helianthus pauciflorus prairie sunflower native 9 185 Helianthus tuberosus jerusalem artichoke native 3 186 Heliopsis helianthoides false sunflower native 7 187 Hemerocallis fulva orange daylily non-native 0 188 Heteranthera dubia water star grass native 8 189 Heterotheca villosa western golden aster native 8 190 Hibiscus laevis halberd-leaved rose mallow native 7 191 Hibiscus palustris northern rose mallow native 7
192 Hordeum jubatum squirrel-tail barley native 0 193 Hypericum ascyron great st johns wort native 10 194 Hypericum punctatum spotted st johns wort native 4 195 Hypericum sphaerocarpum round-fruited st johns wort native 7 196 Hystrix patula bottlebrush grass native 5 197 Impatiens capensis spotted touch-me-not native 4 198 Ipomoea hederacea ivy-leaved morning glory non-native 0 199 Iris virginica var. shrevei blue flag native 5 200 Juglans nigra black walnut native 3 201 Juncus effusus soft rush native 5 202 Juncus torreyi torreys rush native 2 203 Juniperus virginiana red cedar native 0 204 Koeleria macrantha june grass native 8 205 Lactuca canadensis wild lettuce native 1 206 Lactuca floridana wood lettuce native 8 207 Lactuca serriola prickly lettuce non-native 0 208 Laportea canadensis wood nettle native 5 209 Leersia oryzoides rice cut grass native 3 210 Lemna minor green duckweed native 5 211 Leonurus cardiaca motherwort non-native 0 212 Lespedeza capitata round-headed bush clover native 4 213 Lespedeza virginica slender bush clover native 7 214 Liatris aspera rough blazing star native 8 215 Liatris cylindracea cylindrical blazing star native 10 216 Liatris ligulistylis rocky mountain blazing star native none 217 Liatris pycnostachya prairie gay feather native 8 218 Liatris spicata marsh gay feather native 7 219 Lithospermum incisum fringed puccoon native 10 220 Lobelia cardinalis cardinal flower native 7 221 Lobelia inflata indian tobacco native 5 222 Lobelia siphilitica great blue lobelia native 4 223 Lonicera maackii amur honeysuckle non-native 0 224 Lonicera morrowii morrows honeysuckle non-native 0 225 Ludwigia peploides creeping water primrose native 6 226 Lupinus perennis var. occidentalis wild lupine native 7 227 Lycopus americanus common water horehound native 4 228 Lysimachia ciliata fringed loosestrife native 7 229 Lysimachia quadriflora fen loosestrife native 10 230 Lythrum alatum winged loosestrife native 7 231 Lythrum salicaria purple loosestrife non-native 0 232 Maclura pomifera osage orange non-native 0
233 Malus ioensis iowa crab apple native 4 234 Medicago lupulina black medick non-native 0 235 Melilotus albus white sweet clover non-native 0 236 Melilotus officinalis yellow sweet clover non-native 0 237 Menispermum canadense moonseed native 5 238 Mentha canadensis wild mint native 5 239 Mimulus ringens monkey flower native 4 240 Mirabilis nyctaginea wild four oclock non-native 0 241 Monarda bradburiana horse balm non-native 0 242 Monarda fistulosa wild bergamot native 4 243 Monarda punctata horse mint native 4 244 Morus alba white mulberry non-native 0 245 Morus rubra red mulberry native 10 246 Najas gracillima auricled slender naiad native 10 247 Najas minor lesser naiad non-native 0 248 Nelumbo lutea lotus lily native 9 249 Nepeta cataria catnip non-native 0 250 Nuphar advena yellow pond lily native 5 251 Nymphaea odorata fragrant water lily native 7 252 Nyssa sylvatica sour gum native 7 253 Oenothera biennis common evening primrose native 0 254 Oenothera clelandii sand evening primrose native 5 255 Oligoneuron ohioense ohio goldenrod native 10 256 Oligoneuron riddellii riddells goldenrod native 8 257 Oligoneuron rigidum stiff goldenrod native 3 258 Opuntia cespitosa eastern prickly pear native 4 259 Oxalis stricta tall wood sorrel native 0 260 Panicum capillare old witch grass native 0 261 Panicum virgatum switch grass native 3 262 Parthenium integrifolium wild quinine native 8 263 Parthenocissus quinquefolia virginia creeper native 4 264 Paspalum setaceum lens grass native none 265 Pedicularis lanceolata fen betony native 10 266 Penstemon digitalis foxglove beard tongue native 4 267 Penstemon grandiflorus large-flowered beard tongue non-native 0 268 Penstemon pallidus pale beard tongue native 9 269 Persicaria longiseta creeping smartweed non-native 0 270 Persicaria pensylvanica pinkweed native 0 271 Phalaris arundinacea reed canary grass non-native 0 272 Phleum pratense timothy non-native 0 273 Phlox divaricata woodland phlox native 5
274 Phlox glaberrima var. interior marsh phlox native 9 275 Phragmites australis common reed non-native 0 276 Phryma leptostachya lopseed native 6 277 Phyla lanceolata fog fruit native 4 278 Physalis heterophylla clammy ground cherry native 3 279 Physostegia virginiana obedient plant native 4 280 Phytolacca americana pokeweed native 0 281 Pilea fontana bog clearweed native 7 282 Plantago lanceolata english plantain non-native 0 283 Plantago rugelii red-stalked plantain native 0 284 Platanus occidentalis sycamore native 5 285 Poa pratensis kentucky bluegrass non-native 0 286 Podophyllum peltatum mayapple native 4 287 Pontederia cordata pickerelweed native 9 288 Populus alba white poplar non-native 0 289 Populus deltoides eastern cottonwood native 0 290 Populus grandidentata large-toothed aspen native 5 291 Potamogeton foliosus leafy pondweed native 2 292 Potamogeton nodosus long-leaved pondweed native 3 293 Potamogeton pusillus tiny pondweed native 7 294 Potentilla recta sulfur cinquefoil non-native 0 295 Prunella vulgaris var. lanceolata wood self heal native 1 296 Prunus serotina wild black cherry native 0 297 Ptelea trifoliata wafer ash native 4 298 Pycnanthemum pilosum hairy mountain mint native 4 299 Pycnanthemum tenuifolium slender mountain mint native 7 300 Pycnanthemum virginianum common mountain mint native 5 301 Quercus alba white oak native 5 302 Quercus bicolor swamp white oak native 5 303 Quercus ellipsoidalis hills oak native 4 304 Quercus macrocarpa bur oak native 5 305 Quercus muehlenbergii chinquapin oak native 8 306 Quercus palustris pin oak native 5 307 Quercus rubra red oak native 5 308 Quercus velutina black oak native 5 309 Ratibida pinnata yellow coneflower native 4 310 Rhus aromatica fragrant sumac native 9 311 Rhus copallinum winged sumac native 3 312 Rhus glabra smooth sumac native 1 313 Ribes missouriense missouri wild gooseberry native 2 314 Rosa blanda early wild rose native 4
315 Rosa carolina pasture rose native 5 316 Rosa multiflora multiflora rose non-native 0 317 Rosa setigera smooth illinois rose native 5 318 Rubus allegheniensis highbush blackberry native 3 319 Rubus occidentalis black raspberry native 0 320 Rudbeckia hirta black-eyed susan native 1 321 Rudbeckia laciniata wild golden glow native 4 322 Rudbeckia subtomentosa sweet black-eyed susan native 8 323 Rudbeckia triloba brown black-eyed susan native 1 324 Ruellia humilis prairie petunia native 8 325 Rumex acetosella field sorrel non-native 0 326 Rumex crispus curly dock non-native 0 327 Sagittaria graminea grass-leaved arrowhead native 8 328 Sagittaria latifolia common arrowhead native 3 329 Sagittaria rigida stiff arrowhead native 10 330 Salix amygdaloides peach-leaved willow native 4 331 Salix interior sandbar willow native 2 332 Salix nigra black willow native 5 333 Salvia azurea var. grandiflora blue sage non-native 0 334 Sambucus canadensis elderberry native 4 335 Sanicula odorata clustered black snakeroot native 3 336 Saponaria officinalis soapwort non-native 0 337 Sassafras albidum sassafras native 3 338 Schizachyrium scoparium little bluestem native 5 339 Schoenoplectus acutus hard-stemmed bulrush native 5 340 Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani great bulrush native 3 341 Scirpus atrovirens dark green rush native 4 342 Scirpus cyperinus woolgrass native 6 343 Scirpus pendulus red bulrush native 2 344 Scrophularia marilandica late figwort native 4 345 Scutellaria ovata heart-leaved skullcap native 9 346 Senna hebecarpa wild senna native 9 347 Senna marilandica maryland senna native 9 348 Setaria faberi giant foxtail non-native 0 349 Setaria pumila yellow foxtail non-native 0 350 Setaria viridis green foxtail non-native 0 351 Sicyos angulatus bur cucumber native 2 352 Silene antirrhina sleepy catchfly native 1 353 Silene latifolia white campion non-native 0 354 Silene regia royal catchfly native 10 355 Silene stellata starry campion native 6
356 Silene vulgaris bladder campion non-native 0 357 Silphium integrifolium rosinweed native 5 358 Silphium laciniatum compass plant native 5 359 Silphium perfoliatum cup plant native 5 360 Silphium terebinthinaceum prairie dock native 5 361 Sium suave tall water parsnip native 7 362 Smilax hispida bristly cat brier native 4 363 Smilax lasioneura common carrion flower native 5 364 Solanum carolinense horse nettle non-native 0 365 Solidago canadensis canada goldenrod native 1 366 Solidago juncea early goldenrod native 3 367 Solidago nemoralis old-field goldenrod native 3 368 Solidago speciosa showy goldenrod native 8 369 Sorghastrum nutans indian grass native 5 370 Spartina pectinata prairie cordgrass native 4 371 Spirodella polyrhiza great duckweed native 4 372 Sporobolus heterolepis prairie dropseed native 10 373 Stachys hispida marsh hedge nettle native 5 374 Stachys tenuifolia smooth hedge nettle native 6 375 Staphylea trifolia bladdernut native 7 376 Strophostyles helvola trailing wild bean native 5 377 Symphyotrichum cordifolium heart-leaved aster native 7 378 Symphyotrichum ericoides heath aster native 6 379 Symphyotrichum lateriflorum calico aster native 4 380 Symphyotrichum novae-angliae new england aster native 3 381 Symphyotrichum oblongifolium aromatic aster native 9 382 Symphyotrichum pilosum hairy aster native 0 383 Symphyotrichum praealtum willow aster native 7 384 Symphyotrichum puniceum bristly aster native 8 385 Tephrosia virginiana goats rue native 8 386 Teucrium canadense canadian germander native 3 387 Tilia americana american linden native 5 388 Toxicodendron radicans poison ivy native 2 389 Tradescantia ohiensis common spiderwort native 3 390 Trifolium pratense red clover non-native 0 391 Trifolium repens white clover non-native 0 392 Trillium recurvatum prairie trillium native 5 common venus looking 393 Triodanis perfoliata glass native 1 394 Typha angustifolia narrow-leaved cattail non-native 0 395 Typha latifolia broad-leaved cattail native 5 396 Typha x glauca hybrid cattail non-native 0
397 Ulmus americana american elm native 3 398 Ulmus pumila siberian elm non-native 0 399 Ulmus rubra slippery elm native 4 400 Urtica gracilis tall nettle native 1 401 Verbascum thapsus common mullein non-native 0 402 Verbena hastata blue vervain native 4 403 Verbena stricta hoary vervain native 4 404 Verbena urticifolia hairy white vervain native 2 405 Verbesina alternifolia wingstem native 5 406 Vernonia fasciculata common ironweed native 8 407 Veronicastrum virginicum culvers root native 8 408 Viburnum prunifolium black haw native 5 409 Viola sororia common blue violet native 3 410 Vitis riparia riverbank grape native 1 411 Wolffia brasiliensis nippled watermeal native 6 412 Zanthoxylum americanum prickly ash native 3 413 Zizia aurea golden alexanders non-native 5