Student Handbook
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
Xenophobia: a New Pathology for a New South Africa?
Xenophobia: A new pathology for a new South Africa? by Bronwyn Harris In Hook, D. & Eagle, G. (eds) Psychopathology and Social Prejudice, pp. 169-184, Cape Town: University of Cape Town Press, 2002. Bronwyn Harris is a former Project Manager at the Centre for the Study of Violence and Reconciliation. Introduction In 1994, South Africa became a new nation. Born out of democratic elections and inaugurated as the 'Rainbow Nation' by Nelson Mandela, this 'new South Africa' represents a fundamental shift in the social, political and geographical landscapes of the past. Unity has replaced segregation, equality has replaced legislated racism and democracy has replaced apartheid, at least in terms of the law. Despite the transition from authoritarian rule to democracy, prejudice and violence continue to mark contemporary South Africa. Indeed, the shift in political power has brought about a range of new discriminatory practices and victims. One such victim is 'The Foreigner'. Emergent alongside a new-nation discourse, The Foreigner stands at a site where identity, racism and violent practice are reproduced. This paper interrogates the high levels of violence that are currently directed at foreigners, particularly African foreigners, in South Africa. It explores the term 'xenophobia' and various hypotheses about its causes. It also explores the ways in which xenophobia itself is depicted in the country. Portrayed as negative, abnormal and the antithesis of a healthy, normally functioning individual or society, xenophobia is read here as a new pathology for a 'new South Africa'. This chapter attempts to deconstruct such a representation by suggesting that xenophobia is implicit to the technologies of nation-building and is part of South Africa's culture of violence. -
A Nation at Risk
A Nation at Risk: The Imperative for Educational Reform A Report to the Nation and the Secretary of Education United States Department of Education by The National Commission on Excellence in Education April 1983 April 26, 1983 Honorable T. H. Bell Secretary of Education U.S. Department of Education Washington, D.C. 20202 Dear Mr. Secretary: On August 26, 1981, you created the National Commission on Excellence in Education and directed it to present a report on the quality of education in America to you and to the American people by April of 1983. It has been my privilege to chair this endeavor and on behalf of the members of the Commission it is my pleasure to transmit this report, A Nation at Risk: The Imperative for Educational Reform. Our purpose has been to help define the problems afflicting American education and to provide solutions, not search for scapegoats. We addressed the main issues as we saw them, but have not attempted to treat the subordinate matters in any detail. We were forthright in our discussions and have been candid in our report regarding both the strengths and weaknesses of American education. The Commission deeply believes that the problems we have discerned in American education can be both understood and corrected if the people of our country, together with those who have public responsibility in the matter, care enough and are courageous enough to do what is required. Each member of the Commission appreciates your leadership in having asked this diverse group of persons to examine one of the central issues which will define our Nation's future. -
Tribal and House District Boundaries
! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! Tribal Boundaries and Oklahoma House Boundaries ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! 22 ! 18 ! ! ! ! ! ! ! 13 ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! 20 ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! 7 ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! Cimarron ! ! ! ! 14 ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! 11 ! ! Texas ! ! Harper ! ! 4 ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! n ! ! Beaver ! ! ! ! Ottawa ! ! ! ! Kay 9 o ! Woods ! ! ! ! Grant t ! 61 ! ! ! ! ! Nowata ! ! ! ! ! 37 ! ! ! g ! ! ! ! 7 ! 2 ! ! ! ! Alfalfa ! n ! ! ! ! ! 10 ! ! 27 i ! ! ! ! ! Craig ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! h ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! 26 s ! ! Osage 25 ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! a ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! 6 ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! Tribes ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! 16 ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! W ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! 21 ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! 58 ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! 38 ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! Tribes by House District ! 11 ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! 1 Absentee Shawnee* ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! Woodward ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! 2 ! 36 ! Apache* ! ! ! 40 ! 17 ! ! ! 5 8 ! ! ! Rogers ! ! ! ! ! Garfield ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! 1 40 ! ! ! ! ! 3 Noble ! ! ! Caddo* ! ! Major ! ! Delaware ! ! ! ! ! 4 ! ! ! ! ! Mayes ! ! Pawnee ! ! ! 19 ! ! 2 41 ! ! ! ! ! 9 ! 4 ! 74 ! ! ! Cherokee ! ! ! ! ! ! ! Ellis ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! 41 ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! 72 ! ! ! ! ! 35 4 8 6 ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! 5 3 42 ! ! ! ! ! ! ! 77 -
“The Golden Days”: Taylor and Mary Ealy, Citizenship, and the Freedmen of Chickasaw Indian Territory, 1874–77
THE CHRONICLES OF OKLAHOMA “The Golden Days”: Taylor and Mary Ealy, Citizenship, and the Freedmen of Chickasaw Indian Territory, 1874–77 By Ellen Cain* On a Monday morning in fall 1874, twenty-six-year- old Taylor Ealy felt despondent. He had recently completed an ambi- tious educational program that included college, seminary, and medi- cal school, yet he was confused about the direction of his future. He longed for the bold, adventurous life of a Presbyterian missionary, not the tame existence he now led as a Pennsylvania preacher. Ealy went to his room on that Monday morning, dropped to his knees, and prayed, “Lord, what wilt Thou have me to do—send me anywhere. Show me my work.” The answer came swiftly, the very same day, Ealy received a letter asking him to appear before the Northern Presbyterian Freed- men’s Bureau in Pittsburgh. When he arrived, the secretary of the bureau offered him a choice: to teach at a nearby theological seminary or at a government school for freedmen at Fort Arbuckle, Chickasaw Indian Territory (present-day south-central Oklahoma). Ealy knew immediately that he wanted the more challenging position in the West. 54 “THE GOLDEN DAYS” “I said I will take the harder field. I looked upon this as a direct answer to my prayer.”1 So it was that Taylor Ealy and his new bride, Mary Ramsey, set out for Indian Territory in October 1874. The Ealys carried with them a sincere and enthusiastic desire to aid the recently freed black slaves of the Chickasaw Nation. They labored in Indian Territory—a land of former Confederates—during the last years of Reconstruction. -
The Case of the Missing Indigene: Debate Over a 'Second-Generation'
The Case of the Missing Indigene: Debate Over a “Second-Generation” Ethnic Policy .BSL&MMJPUU ABSTRACT The last few years have seen a vigorous public policy debate emerge over a “second- generation” ethnic policy (di’erdai minzu zhengce) which, if implemented, would constitute a major revision of ethnic politics in China. Despite the fact that nationalities policy is a notoriously sensitive subject within China, the debate is happening openly in newspapers, academic journals and on the Internet. The prominence accorded to anthropological theory and international comparison is a notable feature of the debate. This article first explores the main positions in the ongoing policy discussion, then goes on to argue that, rather than comparing China’s non-Han peoples to minority immigrant populations in the industrial- ized democracies, a better comparison is to indigenous peoples. It then considers why this perspective is completely missing from the present debate. n recent years, a debate has arisen among intellectuals and officials in the IPeople’s Republic of China over the proper framework for managing the affairs of the country’s roughly 114 million citizens who identify themselves ethnically other than as Han Chinese (Hanzu 汉族).1 The earliest questioning of the present system for determining minority nationality status (shaoshu minzu chengfen 少数 民族成分) dates from about a decade ago, but the discussion has become greatly amplified since 2008, as the situation in many of the country’s ethnically dis- tinct frontier regions—notably, Tibet, Xinjiang and Mongolia—has deteriorated, * A version of this article was first presented at an international conference on the “second-generation” policy held at Shiga University (Japan) in December 2012. -
Memorial of the Delegates of the Cherokee, Creek, Choctaw, Chickasaw, and Seminole Nation of Indians, Remonstrating Against the Passage of Senate Bill No
University of Oklahoma College of Law University of Oklahoma College of Law Digital Commons American Indian and Alaskan Native Documents in the Congressional Serial Set: 1817-1899 2-19-1879 Memorial of the delegates of the Cherokee, Creek, Choctaw, Chickasaw, and Seminole Nation of Indians, remonstrating against the passage of Senate bill No. 1802 to establish a United States Court in the Indian Territory, and for other purposes Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.law.ou.edu/indianserialset Part of the Indian and Aboriginal Law Commons Recommended Citation S. Misc. Doc. No. 73, 45th Cong., 3rd Sess. (1879) This Senate Miscellaneous Document is brought to you for free and open access by University of Oklahoma College of Law Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in American Indian and Alaskan Native Documents in the Congressional Serial Set: 1817-1899 by an authorized administrator of University of Oklahoma College of Law Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. 45'1'H CONGRESS,} SENATE. Mrs. Doc. '3d Session. { No. 73. -=---== === -_-----__:::::--=-=---- l\1EMORI.AL OF THE DELEGATES OF THE CHEROKEE, CREEK, CHOCTAW, CHICKAS.\ ,V, AND SEMINOLE NATION OF INDIANS, RE:\IOXSTRATIXG Against the pcussage of Senate bill No. 1802 to establish a TJnitecl States court in the Indian :Territory, and for other purposes. FEBRUARY 19, 1879.-0rdcred to lie on the .table and be prilrced. To the Congress of the United StClfes: Yonr memorialists, citizens and delegates of the Cherokee, Creek, Seminole, Choctaw, and Chickasaw Kations of Indiaus, respectfully show: 1. Under the resolution of the Senate of February 23, 1878, instructing· the Committee on Territories of the Senate to make certaiu inquh·ies . -
Ethnos: Descent and Culture Communities
1 Ethnos: Descent and Culture Communities Shared references Ethnic group, race and nation are three concepts sharing a single centre – or ‘core’ – with some notable and important differences at the periphery. Common to all is an idea of descent or ancestry and very closely implicated in all three we find ideas about culture. These ideas about culture will typically include myths about the past, beliefs about ‘the kind of people we are’, and the idea that ‘culture’ defines a group in that it may be constituted by language, dress and custom. In this sense they may all be described as ‘descent and culture communities’. Ethnic group, race and nation are all viewed, by themselves or by observers, as peoples who have or lay claim to shared antecedents. This idea of shared ancestry may not be as precise as the genealogies of extended families – though how can we tell how many imprecisions are concealed in family trees? – but there is nonetheless a repeating theme of ‘people coming from the same stock’. In English this word ‘stock’ is mostly used with reference to animals so in its use with reference to people it has a strong biological sense, a strong sense of genealogy and type. This sense of shared ancestry can certainly be found in dictionary definitions (below from the Compact Oxford English Dictionary, 1993) of all three of these terms: 14 Ethnos: Descent and Culture Communities Race: a group of persons (animals or plants) connected by common descent or origin; a tribe, nation, or people regarded as of common stock. [my emphasis] Nation: an extensive aggregate of persons, so closely associated with each other by common descent, language or history as to form a distinct race of people, usually organised as a separate political state and occupying a definite territory. -
Nation-Building and Ethnicity1
Nation-Building and Ethnicity1 There are many terms for defining human groups: they emerged in various societies with different histories and cultural traditions at different times. The meanings of these terms became more confused when they were translated into different languages. In English, there are terms to describe human groups such as “race,” “tribe,” “clan,” “nation,” “people,” “country,” “state,” etc2. Compared with these terms, “ethnic group” and “ethnicity” only appeared recently in the 20th century (Glazer and Moynihan, 1975: 1). These terms emerged in west Europe, the countries initiating the industrial revolution, then were introduced into other parts of the world accompanied by the western merchants, priests, and armies. These Europeans introduced their political and social systems as well as their ideology and values to other people by cultural influence or military force. “Nation-state” was the form of political entity first appearing in Western Europe, then adopted by colonies when they sought independence. “Nation” became an important term in international politics. “Nation-building” became a widespread political process among Asian, African and American countries, together with the powerful “nationalist” movement. At the beginning of the 21st century, there were about 200 independent countries around the world that were recognized by the international society (the United Nations). An important phenomenon is that political boundaries have not always been drawn according to human group inhabitance but often, oppositely, have been affected by wars, treaties, and international powers. Therefore, there are many different human groups living in the same countries; populations originally from the same group now living on both sides of a boundary. -
Researching Native Americans at the National Archives in Atlanta
Researching Individual Native Americans at the National Archives at Atlanta National Archives at Atlanta 5780 Jonesboro Road Morrow, GA 30260 770-968-2100 www.archives.gov/southeast E-Mail: [email protected] Spring, 2009 Researching Individual Native Americans at the National Archives at Atlanta Table of Contents Introduction ............................................................................................................................................... 1 Tribal Association ............................................................................................................................ 1 Race .................................................................................................................................................. 2 Tribal Membership ........................................................................................................................... 2 Textual Records ............................................................................................................................... 2 Native American Genealogy ............................................................................................................ 3 Published Resources ......................................................................................................................... 3 Online Resources ............................................................................................................................. 4 Dawes Commission .................................................................................................................................. -
Foundation Document Overview, Chickasaw National Recreation
NATIONAL PARK SERVICE • U.S. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR Foundation Document Overview Chickasaw National Recreation Area Oklahoma Contact Information For more information about the Chickasaw National Recreation Area Foundation Document, contact: [email protected] or (580) 622-7234 or write to: Superintendent, Chickasaw National Recreation Area, 901 W. 1st Street, Sulphur, OK 73086 Purpose Significance Significance statements express why Chickasaw National Recreation Area resources and values are important enough to merit national park unit designation. Statements of significance describe why an area is important within a global, national, regional, and systemwide context. These statements are linked to the purpose of the park unit, and are supported by data, research, and consensus. Significance statements describe the distinctive nature of the park and inform management decisions, focusing efforts on preserving and protecting the most important resources and values of the park unit. • Chickasaw National Recreation Area is renowned for its unique concentration of freshwater and mineral springs and creeks that originate in the highly faulted and folded rocks of the Arbuckle-Simpson aquifer and have a long history of recreational and medicinal use. The purpose of CHICKASAW NATIONAL • Chickasaw National Recreation Area is home to a RECREATION AREA is to protect its transition zone where the western prairies meet the eastern springs and waters; preserve areas of woodlands. This ecotone supports a richness and diversity archeological and ethnological interests; of plant and animal species unique to the south-central provide outdoor recreation; allow part of the United States. for hunting and fishing; protect scenic, • The nationally significant Platt National Park Historic scientific, natural, and historic values; District includes many historic structures and is and memorialize the Chickasaw Nation. -
Major Human Races in the World (Classification of Human Races ) Dr
GEOG- CC-13 M.A. Semester III ©Dr. Supriya e-text Paper-CC12 (U-III) Human and Social Geography Major Human races in The World (Classification of Human Races ) Dr. Supriya Assistant Professor (Guest) Ph. D: Geography; M.A. in Geography Post Doc. Fellow (ICSSR), UGC- NET-JRF Department of Geography Patna University, Patna Mob: 9006640841 Email: [email protected] Content Writer & Affiliation Dr Supriya, Asst. Professor (Guest), Patna University Subject Name Geography Paper Code CC-12 Paper Name Human and Social Geography Title of Topic Classification of Human Races Objectives To understand the concept of race and Examined the different views about classification of human races in the World Keywords Races, Caucasoid, Mongoloid, Negroid GEOG- CC-13 M.A. Semester III ©Dr. Supriya Classification of Human Races Dr. Supriya Concept of Race: A Race may be defined as division of mankind into classes of individuals possessing common physical characteristics, traits, appearance that is transmissible by descents & sufficient to characterize it as a distinct human type. Race is a biological grouping within human species distinguished or classified according to genetically transmitted differences. Anthropologists define race as a principal division of mankind, marked by physical characteristics that breed. According to Vidal de la Blache: “A race is great divisions of mankind, the members of which though individually vary, are characterized as a group by certain body characteristics as a group by certain body characteristics which are transmitted by nature & retained from one generation to another”. Race is a biological concept. The term race should not be used in connection with those grouping of mankind such as nation, religion, community & language which depends on feelings, ideas or habits of people and can be changes by the conscious wishes of the individual. -
Approaches to Racial and Ethnic Classification
ETHNIC CLASSIFICATION IN GLOBAL PERSPECTIVE: A CROSS-NATIONAL SURVEY OF THE 2000 CENSUS ROUND Ann Morning, Ph.D. Assistant Professor Department of Sociology New York University August 10, 2005 Author Contact Information: Department of Sociology Tel: (212) 992-9569 New York University Fax: (212) 995-4140 269 Mercer St., Rm. 445 Email: [email protected] New York, NY 10003-6687 This article is currently under review for journal publication. The author warmly thanks the following people and institutions for their contributions: Kevin Deardorff (U.S. Census Bureau); United Nations Statistical Division (Department of Economic and Social Affairs), Demographic and Social Statistics Branch (particularly Mary Chamie, Jeremiah Banda, Yacob Zewoldi, Margaret Mbogoni, Lisa Morrison-Puckett and intern Julia Alemany); International Programs Center, U.S. Census Bureau; Caroline Persell and Sylvia Simson (New York University); Leslie Stone (Inter-American Development Bank); Gerald Haberkorn (Secretariat of the Pacific Community); and Patrick Corr (Australian Bureau of Statistics). I also wish to thank the attendees at the following presentations of this research: U.S. Census Bureau Migration Speaker Series; Population Association of America; International Union for the Scientific Study of Population; and the Demographic and Social Statistics Branch (United Nations) Speaker Series. The initial version of this research was funded by the U.S. Census Bureau Immigration Statistics Branch. However, the conclusions—and the shortcomings—are solely those of the author. ETHNIC CLASSIFICATION IN GLOBAL PERSPECTIVE: A CROSS-NATIONAL SURVEY OF THE 2000 CENSUS ROUND Ann Morning Department of Sociology New York University ABSTRACT Academic interest in official systems of racial and ethnic classification has grown in recent years, but most research on such census categories has been limited to small case studies or regional surveys.