Sri Lanka List (Country List) of

Version 2. May 2020

The List of bird species (the Country List of bird species for Sri Lanka) is compiled by the Ceylon Bird Club (CBC). Its basis is explained in The Avifauna of Sri Lanka: An overview of the current status, 2009, D. Warakagoda and U. Sirivardana, Taprobanica. Vol. 1 (1), pp. 28-35, and the section ‘The CBCRRC List Categories’ in the document ‘The Ceylon Bird Club Rarities and Records Committee’.

The current List records 459 species of of which 242 breed in the country. A number of further species is under evaluation by the Ceylon Bird Club Rarities and Records Committee (CBCRRC), and those ratified will be added to the list.

The species added to this list since the last version (September 2011) are those ratified by the CBCRRC since that time to December 2018.

The classification, and sequence followed in this List conform to Birds of South : the Ripley Guide, Vols. 1 and 2, Second Edition (2012) P. C. Rasmussen and J. C. Anderton, and the revision to species status of Dinopium psarodes in Illustrated Checklist of the Birds of the World, Vol.1 (2014) J. del Hoyo and N. J. Collar.

The listing is to species level, giving the binomen of each species, except that when two or more subspecies occurring within Sri Lanka are conspicuously distinct in plumage from each other these are listed, with their trinomina.

The common or English names given first are those chosen by the CBC Bird Names Committee in 2008 and 2011 for use by the CBC, and the alternatives (with a ‘/’ before each) are those in popular guide books for the country and the region, and a recent world checklist, which are indicated by superscripts as shown below. English names for bird Families are those of the group/s of species which occur in the country.

1 Birds of South Asia. The Ripley Guide. Vols 1 and 2. Second edition (2012). P. C. Rasmussen and J. C. Anderton. 2 Birds of Sri Lanka (2012) D. Warakagoda, C. Inskipp, T. Inskipp and R. Grimmett 3 Birds of the (2011) R. Grimmett, C. Inskipp and T. Inskipp. 4 A Field Guide to the Birds of Sri Lanka Second edition (2011) J. Harrison and T. Worfolk. 5 HBW & BirdLife International Illustrated Checklist of the Birds of the World Vols. 1 and 2 (2014 and 2016) J. del Hoyo and N. Collar.

Status of species and subspecies is given in accordance with the information known of their occurrence in the country including its coastal waters. The status of species migrant to the country is divided into ’migrant’ and ‘vagrant’ as explained below. Two status codes for a species (with ‘+’ between) indicate that a population of each status occurs in the country. The codes used are as follows.

E: the species is endemic to Sri Lanka. R: the species or subspecies is a breeding resident in Sri Lanka, i.e. resident in the country throughout or (as mainly in the case of seabirds) part of the year. M: the species or subspecies is a regular migrant, which may be a common, fairly common, rare or very rare migrant, to Sri Lanka. V: the species or subspecies is a vagrant to Sri Lanka, i.e. the country is outside its usual wintering range, it occurs irregularly and in small numbers. U: the status of the species or subspecies in Sri Lanka is uncertain. ( ): (with a status code) the status shown is appropriate but not possible to clearly resolve on the information presently available. ? : (against a status code) the number of birds so far recorded in the country and/or the frequency of occurrence is uncertain (as relevant to that status).

GREBES PODICIPEDIDAE 1. Little Grebe Tachybaptus ruficollis R

PETRELS AND SHEARWATERS PROCELLARIIDAE 2. Cape Petrel Daption capense V 3. Barau's Petrel Pterodroma baraui M 4. Bulwer's Petrel Bulweria bulwerii M 5. Jouanin's Petrel Bulweria fallax M 6. Streaked Shearwater Calonectris leucomelas V 7. Wedge-tailed Shearwater Ardenna pacifica M 8. Flesh-footed Shearwater Ardenna carneipes M 9. Sooty Shearwater Ardenna grisea V 10. Short-tailed Shearwater Ardenna tenuirostris V

SOUTHERN STORM PETRELS OCEANITIDAE 11. Wilson's Storm Petrel Oceanites oceanicus M / Wilson's Storm-petrel1,2,3,4,5 12. White-faced Storm Petrel Pelagodroma marina M / White-faced Storm-petrel1,2,3,5 13. Black-bellied Storm Petrel Fregetta tropica M / Black-bellied Storm-petrel1,2,3,5

NORTHERN STORM PETRELS HYDROBATIDAE 14. Swinhoe's Storm Petrel Oceanodroma monorhis M / Swinhoe's Storm-petrel1,2,3,4,5

TROPICBIRDS PHAETHONTIDAE 15. White-tailed Tropicbird Phaethon lepturus M 16. Red-billed Tropicbird Phaethon aethereus M

PELICANS PELECANIDAE 17. Spotted-billed Pelican Pelecanus philippensis R / Spot-billed Pelican1,2,3,4,5

GANNETS AND BOOBIES SULIDAE 18. Masked Booby Sula dactylatra M

19. Brown Booby Sula leucogaster M 20. Red-footed Booby Sula sula M

CORMORANTS AND SHAGS PHALACROCORACIDAE 21. Little Cormorant Microcarbo niger R 22. Indian Shag Phalacrocorax fuscicollis R / Indian Cormorant2,3,4,5 23. Great Cormorant Phalacrocorax carbo R

DARTERS ANHINGIDAE 24. Indian Darter Anhinga melanogaster R / Oriental Darter1,4,5 / Darter2,3

FRIGATEBIRDS FREGATIDAE 25. Lesser Frigatebird Fregata ariel M 26. Great Frigatebird Fregata minor M 27. Christmas Island Frigatebird Fregata andrewsi V / Christmas Frigatebird1

HERONS AND EGRETS ARDEIDAE 28. Little Egret Egretta garzetta R 29. Indian Reef Heron Egretta gularis M / Western Reef-heron1 / Western Reef Egret2,3,4 / Western Reef-egret5 30. Large Egret Egretta alba R / Great Egret1,2,3,4 / Great White Egret5 31. Median Egret Egretta intermedia R / Intermediate Egret1,2,3,4,5 32. Grey Heron Ardea cinerea R 33. Goliath Heron Ardea goliath V 34. Purple Heron Ardea purpurea R 35. Cattle Egret Bubulcus coromandus R?+M / Eastern Cattle Egret1 36. Indian Pond Heron Ardeola grayii R+M / Indian Pond-heron5 37. Chinese Pond Heron Ardeola bacchus V / Chinese Pond-heron5 38. Little Green Heron Butorides striata R / Striated Heron1,2,3,4/ Green-backed Heron5 39. Night Heron Nycticorax nycticorax R / Black-crowned Night-heron1/ /Black-crowned Night Heron2,3,4 40. Malay Bittern Gorsachius melanolophus M / Malayan Night-heron1 / Malayan Night Heron2,3,4 / Malay Night-heron5 41. Yellow Bittern Ixobrychus sinensis R+M 42. Chestnut Bittern Ixobrychus cinnamomeus R+(M) / Cinnamon Bittern2,3,4,5 43. Black Bittern Dupetor flavicollis R+M 44. Eurasian Bittern Botaurus stellaris V / Great Bittern2,3

STORKS CICONIIDAE 45. Painted Stork Mycteria leucocephala R

46. Openbill Anastomus oscitans R / Asian Openbill1,2,3,4,5 47. Black Stork Ciconia nigra V 48. White-necked Stork Ciconia episcopus R / Woolly-necked Stork1,2,3,4/ Asian Woollyneck5 49. White Stork Ciconia ciconia V 50. Black-necked Stork Ephippiorhynchus asiaticus R 51. Lesser Adjutant Leptoptilos javanicus R

IBISES AND SPOONBILLS THRESKIORNITHIDAE 52. Glossy Ibis Plegadis falcinellus R+M 53. White Ibis Threskiornis melanocephalus R / Black-headed Ibis1,2,3,4,5 54. Spoonbill Platalea leucorodia R / Eurasian Spoonbill1,2,3,4,5

FLAMINGOS PHOENICOPTERIDAE 55. Greater Flamingo Phoenicopterus roseus M

GEESE AND DUCKS ANATIDAE 56. Large Whistling Teal Dendrocygna bicolor R+M / Fulvous Whistling-duck1,2,3,4,5 57. Lesser Whistling Teal Dendrocygna javanica R+(M) / Lesser Whistling-duck1,2,3,4,5 58. Greylag Goose Anser anser V 59. Ruddy Shelduck Tadorna ferruginea V 60. Comb Duck Sarkidiornis melanotos R?+M / Knob-billed Duck1,2,3/ African Comb Duck5 61. Cotton Teal Nettapus coromandelianus R / Cotton Pygmy-goose2,3,4,5 62. Gadwall Mareca strepera V 63. Wigeon Mareca penelope M / Eurasian Wigeon1,2,3,4,5 64. Spot-billed Duck Anas poecilorhyncha R+M / Indian Spot-billed Duck1,2,3 65. Shoveller Spatula clypeata M / Northern Shoveler1,2,3,4,5 66. Pintail Anas acuta M / Northern Pintail1,2,3,4,5 67. Garganey Querquedula querquedula M 68. Common Teal Anas crecca M 69. Tufted Duck Aythya fuligula V

HAWKS, KITES, EAGLES AND VULTURES ACCIPITRIDAE 70. Brown Baza Aviceda jerdoni R / Jerdon’s Baza1 71. Black Baza Aviceda leuphotes V 72. Crested Honey Buzzard Pernis ptilorhynchus R+M / Oriental Honey Buzzard1 73. Black-winged Kite Elanus caeruleus R / Black-shouldered Kite 74. Black Kite Milvus migrans R+(M) 75. Brahminy Kite Haliaster indus R 76. White-bellied Sea Eagle Haliaeetus leucogaster R

77. Grey-headed Fishing Eagle Ichthyophaga ichthyaetus R / Grey-headed Fish Eagle1,2,3,4,5 78. Egyptian Vulture Neophron percnopterus V 79. Crested Serpent Eagle Spilornis cheela R 80. Western Marsh Harrier Circus aeruginosus M 81. Pallid Harrier Circus macrourus M 82. Pied Harrier Circus melanoleucos V 83. Montagu's Harrier Circus pygargus M 84. Crested Goshawk Accipiter trivirgatus R 85. Shikra Accipiter badius R 86. Besra Sparrowhawk Accipiter virgatus R 87. Eurasian Sparrowhawk Accipiter nisus V 88. Himalayan Buzzard Buteo burmanicus V? / Common Buzzard4 89. Long-legged Buzzard Buteo rufinus V 90. Black Eagle Ictinaetus malayensis R 91. Greater Spotted Eagle Clanga clanga V 92. Bonelli's Eagle Aquila fasciata V 93. Booted Eagle Hieraaetus pennatus M 94. Rufous-bellied Hawk-Eagle Lophotriorchis kienerii R / Rufous-bellied Eagle1,2,3,4,5 95. Crested Hawk-Eagle Nisaetus cirrhatus R / Changeable Hawk-Eagle2,3,4,5 96. Mountain Hawk-Eagle Nisaetus kelaarti R / Legge’s Hawk-eagle1

OSPREY PANDIONIDAE 97. Osprey Pandion haliaetus M / Western Osprey1

FALCONS FALCONIDAE 98. Lesser Kestrel Falco naumanni V 99. Common Kestrel Falco tinnunculus R+M 100. Red-headed Merlin Falco chicquera V / Red-headed Falcon1,5/ Red-necked Falcon2,3,4 101. Amur Falcon Falco amurensis M 102. Eurasian Hobby Falco subbuteo V 103. Indian Hobby Falco severus M / Oriental Hobby1,2,3,4,5 104. Peregrine Falcon Falco peregrinus Peregrine Falcon F. p. calidus M Shaheen Falcon F. c. peregrinator R

PARTRIDGES, AND PHEASANTS 105. Painted Partridge Francolinus pictus R / Painted Francolin1,2,3,4,5 106. Indian Grey Partridge Francolinus pondicerianus R / Grey Francolin1,2,3,4,5 107. Rain coromandelica M 108. Blue-breasted Quail Excalfactoria chinensis R / King Quail2,3/ Asian Blue Quail5 109. Jungle Bush Quail asiatica R / Jungle Bush-quail1,5 110. Ceylon Spurfowl Galloperdix bicalcarata E / Sri Lanka Spurfowl2,3,4,5

111. Ceylon Junglefowl Gallus lafayetii E / Sri Lanka Junglefowl2,3,4,5 112. Indian Peafowl Pavo cristatus R

BUTTON QUAILS TURNICIDAE 113. Small Button Quail Turnix sylvaticus V / Small Buttonquail1,2,3,4 / Common Buttonquail5 114. Bustard Quail Turnix suscitator R / Barred Buttonquail1,2,3,4,5

RAILS, CRAKES, GALLINULES AND COOTS RALLIDAE 115. Banded Crake Rallina eurizonoides R+M / Slaty-legged Crake1,2,3,4,5 116. Blue-breasted Banded Rail Gallirallus striatus R+M / Slaty-breasted Rail1,2,3,4,5 117. Eastern Water Rail Rallus indicus V / Brown-cheeked Rail2,3 / Water Rail4 118. Corn Crake Crex crex V / Corncrake3,4,5 119. White-breasted Waterhen Amaurornis phoenicurus R 120. Baillon's Crake Porzana pusilla M / ‘Eastern’ Baillon’s Crake1 121. Ruddy Crake Porzana fusca R+M / Ruddy-breasted Crake1,2,3,4,5 122. Watercock Gallicrex cinerea R 123. Purple Coot Porphyrio [porphyrio] poliocephalus R / Purple Swamphen1,2,3,4,5 124. Common Moorhen Gallinula chloropus R 125. Common Coot Fulica atra R+M / Eurasian Coot1,2,3

JACANAS JACANIDAE 126. Pheasant-tailed Jacana Hydrophasianus chirurgus R+(M)

PAINTED ROSTRATULIDAE 127. Painted Rostratula benghalensis R / Greater Painted-snipe1,2,3,4,5

OYSTERCATCHERS HAEMATOPODIDAE 128. Oystercatcher Haematopus ostralegus M / Eurasian Oystercatcher1,2,3,4,5

GOLDEN AND GREY PLOVERS PLUVIALIDAE 129. Asiatic Golden Plover Pluvialis fulva M / Pacific Golden Plover1,2,3,4,5 130. Grey Plover Pluvialis squatarola M

PLOVERS CHARADRIIDAE 131. Common Ringed Plover Charadrius hiaticula M 132. Little Ringed Plover Charadrius dubius R+M 133. Kentish Plover Charadrius alexandrinus R+M 134. Lesser Sand Plover Charadrius mongolus M / Mongolian Plover4 / Lesser Sandplover5 135. Large Sand Plover Charadrius leschenaultii M / Greater Sand Plover1,2,3,4,5

136. Caspian Plover Charadrius asiaticus V 137. Oriental Plover Charadrius veredus V 138. Yellow-wattled Lapwing Vanellus malabaricus R 139. Grey-headed Lapwing Vanellus cinereus V 140. Red-wattled Lapwing Vanellus indicus R 141. Sociable Lapwing Vanellus gregarius V / Sociable Plover1

SANDPIPERS AND ALLIES SCOLOPACIDAE 142. Scolopax rusticola M / Eurasian Woodcock1,2,3,4,5 143. Wood Snipe nemoricola V? 144. Pintail Snipe Gallinago stenura M / Pin-tailed Snipe2,3 145. Swinhoe's Snipe Gallinago megala V? 146. Common Snipe Gallinago gallinago M 147. Great Snipe Gallinago media V 148. Jack Snipe Lymnocryptes minimus M 149. Black-tailed Limosa limosa M / Western Black-tailed Godwit1 150. Bar-tailed Godwit Limosa lapponica M 151. Whimbrel Numenius phaeopus M / Eurasian Whimbrel1 152. Eurasian Numenius arquata M 153. Spotted Redshank erythropus V 154. Common Redshank Tringa totanus M 155. Common Greenshank Tringa nebularia M 156. Marsh Tringa stagnatilis M 157. Green Sandpiper Tringa ochropus M 158. Wood Sandpiper Tringa M 159. Terek Sandpiper Xenus cinereus M 160. Common Sandpiper hypoleucos M 161. Arenaria interpres M / Ruddy Turnstone1,2,3,4,5 162. Asian Limnodromus semipalmatus V 163. Great Knot tenuirostris M 164. Red Knot Calidris canutus M 165. Sanderling Ereunetes albus M 166. Little Stint Ereunetes minuta M 167. Red-necked Stint Ereunetes ruficollis V / Rufous-necked Stint1,4 168. Temminck's Stint Ereunetes temminckii M 169. Long-toed Stint Ereunetes subminutus M 170. Sharp-tailed Sandpiper Limicola acuminata V 171. Pectoral Sandpiper Ereunetes melanotos V 172. Dunlin Ereunetes alpinus V 173. Curlew Sandpiper Erolia ferruginea M 174. Spoon-billed Sandpiper Eurynorhynchus pygmeus V 175. Buff-breasted Sandpiper Tryngites subruficollis V 176. Broad-billed Sandpiper Limicola falcinellus M 177. Ruff Philomachus pugnax M 178. Red-necked Phalaropus lobatus M

STILTS AND AVOCETS RECURVIROSTRIDAE 179. Black-winged Stilt Himantopus himantopus R+M

180. Avocet Recurvirostra avosetta M / Pied Avocet1,2,3,4,5

CRAB PLOVER DROMADIDAE 181. Crab Plover Dromas ardeola R / Crab-plover1,2,3,4,5

STONE AND THICK-KNEES BURHINIDAE 182. Indian Stone Curlew Burhinus indicus R / Indian Stone-curlew1 / Indian Thick-knee2,3,5 / Eurasian Thick-knee4 183. Great Stone Plover Esacus recurvirostris R / Great Thick-knee1,2,3,4,5

COURSERS AND 184. Indian Courser Cursorius coromandelicus R+(M) 185. Collared Glareola pratincola V 186. Large Pratincole Glareola maldivarum R+M / Oriental Pratincole1,2,3,4,5 187. Small Pratincole Glareola lactea R / Little Pratincole5

SKUAS AND JAEGERS STERCORARIIDAE 188. Brown Skua Stercorarius antarcticus V / Antarctic Skua4 189. South Polar Skua Stercorarius maccormicki V 190. Pomarine Skua Stercorarius pomarinus M / Pomarine Jaeger1,4,5 191. Arctic Skua Stercorarius parasiticus V / Parasitic Jaeger1,4 / Arctic Jaeger5 192. Long-tailed Skua Stercorarius longicaudus V / Long-tailed Jaeger1,5

GULLS LARIDAE 193. Sooty Gull Ichthyaetus hemprichii V 194. Lesser Black-backed Gull Larus fuscus ‘Heuglin’s’ Gull L. f. heuglini M ‘Steppe’ Gull L. f. barabensis V 195. Great Black-headed Gull Ichthyaetus ichthyaetus M / Pallas’s Gull2,3,5 196. Brown-headed Gull Chroicocephalus brunnicephalus M 197. Common Black-headed Gull Chroicocephalus ridibundus V / Black-headed Gull2,3,5 198. Slender-billed Gull Chroicocephalus genei M

TERNS STERNIDAE 199. Gull-billed Tern Gelochelidon nilotica R?+M 200. Caspian Tern Hydroprogne caspia R?+M 201. Lesser Crested Tern Thalasseus bengalensis M 202. Large Crested Tern Thalasseus bergii R / Great Crested Tern1,4 / Greater Crested Tern2,3 203. Sandwich Tern Thalasseus sandvicensis M 204. Roseate Tern Sterna dougallii R 205. Black-naped Tern Sterna sumatrana V 206. Common Tern Sterna R+M

207. Little Tern Sternula albifrons R 208. Saunders's Tern Sternula saundersi R 209. Bridled Tern Onychoprion anaethetus R+M 210. Sooty Tern Onychoprion fuscatus R+M 211. Whiskered Tern Chlidonias hybrida M 212. White-winged Black Tern Chlidonias leucopterus M / White-winged Tern1,2,3,4,5 213. Black Tern Chlidonias niger V 214. Brown Noddy Anous stolidus R+M 215. Lesser Noddy Anous tenuirostris R+M

PIGEONS AND DOVES 216. Rock Pigeon Columba livia R / Common Pigeon2,3 / Rock Dove5 217. Ceylon Wood Pigeon Columba torringtoniae E / Ceylon Woodpigeon1 / Sri Lanka Wood Pigeon2,3 / Sri Lanka Woodpigeon4,5 218. Purple Wood Pigeon Columba punicea V / Pale-capped Woodpigeon1 / Pale-capped Pigeon2,3,4,5 219. Rufous Turtle Dove Streptopelia orientalis M / Oriental Turtle-dove1,5 / Oriental Turtle Dove2,3,4 220. Spotted Dove Spilopelia chinensis R / Western Spotted Dove5 221. Red Turtle Dove Streptopelia tranquebarica V / Red Collared-dove1 / Red Collared Dove3,4 / Red Turtle-dove5 222. Collared Dove Streptopelia decaocto R / Eurasian Collared-dove1,5 / Eurasian Collared Dove2,3,4 223. Emerald Dove Chalcophaps indica R / Grey-capped Emerald Dove5 224. Orange-breasted Treron bicinctus R / Orange-breasted Green-pigeon1,5 225. Pompadour Green Pigeon Treron pompadora E / Ceylon Green-pigeon1 / Sri Lanka Green Pigeon2,3,4 / Sri Lanka Green-pigeon5 226. Yellow-legged Green Pigeon Treron phoenicopterus R / Yellow-footed Green-pigeon1,5 / Yellow-footed Green Pigeon2,3,4 227. Green Imperial Pigeon Ducula aenea R / Green Imperial-pigeon1,5

PARROTS PSITTACIDAE 228. Ceylon Lorikeet Loriculus beryllinus E / Ceylon Hanging-parrot1 / Sri Lanka Hanging Parrot2,3,4,5 229. Alexandrine Parakeet Psittacula eupatria R 230. Rose-ringed Parakeet Psittacula krameri R 231. Blossom-headed Parakeet Psittacula cyanocephala R / Plum-headed Parakeet1,2,3,4,5 232. Layard's Parakeet Psittacula calthropae E / Emerald-collared Parakeet5

CUCKOOS CUCULIDAE 233. Green-billed Coucal Centropus chlororhynchos E

234. Common Coucal Centropus [sinensis] parroti R / ‘Southern’ Coucal1,3 / Greater Coucal2,4,5 235. Sirkeer Taccocua leschenaultii R / Sirkeer Malkoha1,2,3,4,5 236. Red-faced Malkoha Phaenicophaeus pyrrhocephalus E 237. Blue-faced Malkoha Phaenicophaeus viridirostris R 238. Red-winged Crested Cuckoo Clamator coromandus M / Chestnut-winged Cuckoo1,2,3,4,5 239. Pied Crested Cuckoo Clamator jacobinus R / Jacobin Cuckoo1,2,3,5 / Pied Cuckoo4 240. Indian Koel Eudynamys scolopaceus R / Asian Koel1,2,3 / Western Koel5 241. Emerald Cuckoo Chrysococcyx maculatus V / Asian Emerald Cuckoo1,2,3,4,5 242. Bay-banded Cuckoo Cacomantis sonneratii R / Banded Bay Cuckoo1,2,3,4,5 243. Indian Plaintive Cuckoo Cacomantis passerinus M / Grey-bellied Cuckoo1,2,3,5/ Plaintive Cuckoo4 244. Drongo-Cuckoo Surniculus [lugubris] dicruroides R / ‘Fork-tailed’ Drongo-cuckoo1,5/ Drongo Cuckoo2,3,4 245. Common Hawk-Cuckoo Hierococcyx varius R+M? / Common Hawk-cuckoo1,5/ Common Hawk Cuckoo2,3,4 246. Small Cuckoo Cuculus poliocephalus M / Lesser Cuckoo2,3,4,5 247. Indian Cuckoo Cuculus micropterus R+M 248. Common Cuckoo Cuculus canorus M / Eurasian Cuckoo2,3

BARN OWLS AND BAY OWLS TYTONIDAE 249. Barn Owl Tyto alba R / Common Barn-owl1,5 250. Ceylon Bay Owl Phodilus assimilis R / Sri Lanka Bay Owl2,3,5 / Oriental Bay Owl4

OWLS STRIGIDAE 251. Serendib Scops Owl Otus thilohoffmanni E 252. Little Scops Owl Otus sunia R / Oriental Scops-owl1,2,3,4,5 253. Collared Scops Owl Otus bakkamoena R / Indian Scops-owl1,3,5 254. Forest Eagle-Owl Ketupa nipalensis R / Spot-bellied Eagle Owl2,3,4,5 255. Brown Fish Owl Ketupa zeylonensis R 256. Brown Wood Owl Strix leptogrammica R 257. Jungle Owlet Glaucidium radiatum R 258. Chestnut-backed Owlet Glaucidium castanotum E 259. Brown Hawk-Owl Ninox scutulata R / Brown Boobook5 260. Short-eared Owl Asio flammeus M

FROGMOUTHS PODARGIDAE 261. Ceylon Frogmouth Batrachostomus moniliger R / Sri Lanka Frogmouth2,3,4,5

NIGHTJARS CAPRIMULGIDAE 262. Great Eared Nightjar Lyncornis macrotis V / Great Eared-nightjar1,5 263. Grey Nightjar Caprimulgus indicus R / Indian Jungle Nightjar1 / Jungle Nightjar3,5 264. Long-tailed Nightjar Caprimulgus atripennis R / Jerdon’s Nightjar1,2,3,4,5 265. Indian Nightjar Caprimulgus asiaticus R+(M) / Indian Little Nightjar1

SWIFTS APODIDAE 266. Edible-nest Aerodramus unicolor R / Indian Swiftlet1,2,3,4,5 267. Brown-throated Spinetail Swift Hirundapus giganteus R / Brown-throated Needletail1 / Brown-backed Needletail2,3,4,5 268. Palm Swift Cypsiurus balasiensis R / Asian Palm-swift1,5 / Asian Palm Swift2,3,4 269. Alpine Swift Tachymarptis melba R 270. Pacific Swift Apus pacificus V / Fork-tailed Swift2,3 271. House Swift Apus affinis R / Little Swift1,3,4,5

TREESWIFTS HEMPROCNIDAE 272. Crested Tree Swift Hemiprocne coronata R / Crested Treeswift1,2,3,5 / Grey-rumped Treeswift4

TROGONS TROGONIDAE 273. Ceylon Trogon Harpactes fasciatus R / Malabar Trogon1,2,3,4

KINGFISHERS ALCEDINIDAE 274. Common Kingfisher Alcedo atthis R 275. Blue-eared Kingfisher Alcedo meninting U 276. Indian Three-toed Kingfisher Ceyx erithaca R / Black-backed Dwarf Kingfisher1 / Oriental Dwarf Kingfisher2,3,4,5 277. Stork-billed Kingfisher Pelargopsis capensis R 278. White-breasted Kingfisher Halcyon smyrnensis R / White-throated Kingfisher1,2,3,4 279. Black-capped Purple Kingfisher Halcyon pileata M / Black-capped Kingfisher1,2,3,4,5 280. Pied Kingfisher Ceryle rudis R / Lesser Pied Kingfisher1

BEE-EATERS MEROPIDAE 281. Little Green Bee-eater Merops orientalis R / Green Bee-eater2,3 / Asian Green Bee-eater5 282. Blue-tailed Bee-eater Merops philippinus R+M 283. European Bee-eater Merops apiaster M 284. Chestnut-headed Bee-eater Merops leschenaulti R

ROLLERS CORCIIDAE 285. European Roller Coracias garrulus V / Eurasian Roller3 286. Indian Roller Coracias benghalensis R 287. Broad-billed Roller Eurystomus orientalis R / Dollarbird1,2,3,4 / Oriental Dollarbird5

HOOPOES UPUPIDAE 288. Hoopoe Upupa epops R+(M) / Common Hoopoe1,2,3,5 / Eurasian Hoopoe4

HORNBILLS BUCEROTIDAE 289. Ceylon Grey Hornbill Ocyceros gingalensis E / Sri Lanka Grey Hornbill2,3,4,5 290. Malabar Pied Hornbill Anthracoceros coronatus R

BARBETS MEGALAIMIDAE 291. Brown-headed Barbet Megalaima zeylanica R 292. Yellow-fronted Barbet Megalaima flavifrons E 293. Ceylon Small Barbet Xantholaema rubricapillus E / Crimson-fronted Barbet2,3 / Sri Lanka Small Barbet4 / Sri Lanka Barbet5 294. Crimson-breasted Barbet Xantholaema haemacephalus R / Coppersmith Barbet1,2,3,4,5

WOODPECKERS PICIDAE 295. Wryneck Jynx torquilla V / Eurasian Wryneck1,2,3,4,5 296. Pygmy Woodpecker Dendrocopos nanus R / Indian Pygmy Woodpecker1,5 / Brown-capped Pygmy Woodpecker2,3 / Brown-capped Woodpecker4 297. Yellow-fronted Pied Woodpecker Dendrocopos mahrattensis / Yellow-crowned Woodpecker2,3,4,5 R 298. Rufous Woodpecker Micropternus brachyurus R 299. Lesser Yellow-naped Woodpecker Picus chlorolophus R / Lesser Yellownape1,2,3,4,5 300. Scaly-bellied Woodpecker Picus xanthopygaeus R / Streak-throated Woodpecker1,2,3,4,5 301. Golden-backed Woodpecker Dinopium benghalense R / Black-rumped Flameback1,4,5 / Lesser Goldenback2,3 302. Red-backed Woodpecker Dinopium psarodes E / Black-rumped Flameback1,4 / Lesser Goldenback2,3 / Lesser Sri Lanka Flameback5 303. Crimson-backed Woodpecker Chrysocolaptes stricklandi E / Crimson-backed Flameback1 / Crimson-backed Goldenback2,3 / Greater Sri Lanka Flameback5 304. Black-backed Yellow Woodpecker Chrysocolaptes festivus / White-naped Flameback1 / White-naped Woodpecker2,3,4,5 R

PITTAS PITTIDAE 305. Indian Pitta Pitta brachyura M

LARKS ALAUDIDAE 306. Jerdon’s Bushlark Mirafra affinis R 307. Ashy-crowned Finch-Lark Eremopterix griseus R / Ashy-crowned Sparrow Lark2,3,4,5 308. Greater Short-toed Lark Calandrella brachydactyla V 309. Indian Skylark Alauda gulgula R / Oriental Skylark1,2,3,4,5

SWALLOWS AND MARTINS HIRUNDINIDAE 310. riparia V / Common Sand Martin1 / Collared Sand Martin5 311. Dusky Ptyonoprogne concolor V 312. Common Hirundo rustica Common Swallow H. r. rustica M Common Swallow H. r. gutturalis M Tytler’s Swallow H. r. tytleri V / Barn Swallow1,2,3,4,5 313. Hill Swallow Hirundo domicola R / House Swallow5 314. Wire-tailed Swallow Hirundo smithii V 315. Red-rumped Swallow daurica M 316. Ceylon Swallow Cecropis hyperythra E / Sri Lanka Swallow2,3,4,5 317. Indian fluvicola V / Streak-throated Swallow1,2,3,4,5 318. Northern House Martin urbicum V / Common House Martin2.3

PIPITS AND WAGTAILS MOTACILLIDAE 319. Forest Wagtail Dendronanthus indicus M 320. White Wagtail Motacilla alba White-faced Wagtail M. a. dukhunensis M Chinese Wagtail M. a. leucopsis V 321. Large Pied Wagtail Motacilla maderaspatensis V / White-browed Wagtail1,2,3,4,5 322. Citrine Wagtail Motacilla citreola M 323. Yellow Wagtail Motacilla flava Grey-headed Yellow Wagtail M. f. thunbergi M Blue-headed Yellow Wagtail M. f. beema M Yellow-headed Yellow Wagtail M. f. lutea M Black-headed Yellow Wagtail M. f. feldegg/melanogrisea V / Western Yellow Wagtail1,5 324. Grey Wagtail Motacilla cinerea M 325. Richard's Pipit Anthus richardi M 326. Indian Pipit Anthus rufulus R / Paddyfield Pipit1,2,3,4,5 327. Tawny Pipit Anthus campestris V 328. Blyth's Pipit Anthus godlewskii M 329. Indian Tree Pipit Anthus hodgsoni V / Olive-backed Pipit1,2,3,4,5 330. Red-throated Pipit Anthus cervinus V

CUCKOO-SHRIKES AND MINIVETS CAMPEPHAGIDAE 331. Large Cuckoo-Shrike Coracina macei R / Large Cuckooshrike1,2,3,4 / Indian Cuckooshrike5

332. Black-headed Cuckoo-Shrike Lalage melanoptera R / Black-headed Cuckooshrike1,2,3,4 333. Small Minivet Pericrocotus cinnamomeus R 334. Orange Minivet Pericrocotus flammeus R / Scarlet Minivet2,5 / Flame Minivet4 FLYCATCHER-SHRIKE AND WOODSHRIKES VANGIDAE 335. Pied Flycatcher-Shrike Hemipus picatus R / Bar-winged Flycatcher-shrike2,3,4,5 336. Ceylon Wood Shrike Tephrodornis affinis E / Ceylon Woodshrike1 / Sri Lanka Woodshrike2,3,4,5

MONARCHS MONARCHIDAE 337. Asian Paradise Flycatcher Terpsiphone paradisi Indian Paradise Flycatcher T. p. paradisi M Ceylon Paradise Flycatcher T. p. ceylonensis R / Indian Paradise-flycatcher5 338. Black-naped Monarch Hypothymis azurea R / Black-naped Blue Monarch1

FANTAILS 339. White-browed Rhipidura aureola R

BULBULS PYCNONOTIDAE 340. Black-capped Bulbul Pycnonotus melanicterus E / Black-headed Yellow Bulbul4 341. Red-vented Bulbul Pycnonotus cafer R 342. Yellow-eared Bulbul Kelaartia penicillata E 343. White-browed Bulbul Pycnonotus luteolus R 344. Yellow-browed Bulbul Acritillas indica R 345. Black Bulbul Hypsipetes ganeesa R / Square-tailed Black Bulbul1 / Square-tailed Bulbul5

CANARY-FLYCATCHERS AND ALLIES STENOSTRIDAE 346. Grey-headed Flycatcher Culicicapa ceylonensis R / Grey-headed Canary-flycatcher1,2,3,4,5

IORAS AEGITHINIDAE 347. Common Iora Aegithina tiphia R 348. Marshall’s Iora Aegithina nigrolutea R

LEAFBIRDS CHLOROPSEIDAE 349. Gold-fronted Chloropsis Chloropsis aurifrons R / Gold-fronted Leafbird1 / Golden-fronted Leafbird2,3,4,5 350. Jerdon's Chloropsis Chloropsis jerdoni R / Jerdon's Leafbird1,2,3,5

SHRIKES LANIIDAE 351. Brown Shrike Lanius cristatus Brown Shrike L. c. cristatus M Philippine Shrike L. c. lucionensis V 352. Bay-backed Shrike Lanius vittatus V 353. Rufous-rumped Shrike Lanius schach R / Long-tailed Shrike1,2,3,5 / Rufous-backed Shrike4 354. Great Grey Shrike Lanius excubitor V

/ Southern Grey Shrike2,3,4

THRUSHES TURDIDAE 355. Pied Ground Thrush Geokichla wardii M / Pied Thrush1,2,3,4,5 356. Orange-headed Ground Thrush Geokichla citrina M / Orange-headed Thrush1,2,3,4,5 357. Spotted-winged Thrush Geokichla spiloptera E / Spot-winged Thrush1,2,3,4,5

358. Ceylon Scaly Thrush Zoothera imbricata E / Sri Lanka Thrush2,3 / Sri Lanka Scaly Thrush4 / White’s Thrush5 359. Blackbird Turdus simillimus R / Indian Blackbird1,2,3,5/ Eurasian Blackbird4 360. Eyebrowed Thrush Turdus obscurus V

OLD-WORLD FLYCATCHERS AND CHATS MUSCICAPIDAE FLYCATCHERS 361. Brown Flycatcher Muscicapa latirostris M / Asian Brown Flycatcher1,2,3,4,5 362. Layard’s Flycatcher Muscicapa muttui M / Brown-breasted Flycatcher1,2,3,4,5 363. Yellow-rumped Flycatcher Ficedula zanthopygia V 364. Kashmir Flycatcher Ficedula subrubra M 365. Dusky-blue Flycatcher Eumyias sordidus E / Dull-blue Flycatcher2,3,4,5 366. Blue-throated Flycatcher Cyornis rubeculoides V / Blue-throated Blue-flycatcher5 367. Tickell’s Blue Flycatcher Cyornis tickelliae R 368. Blue-and-White Flycatcher Cyanoptila cyanomelana V

WHISTLING & ROCK THRUSHES, ROBINS AND CHATS 369. Ceylon Whistling Thrush Myophonus blighi E / Ceylon Whistling-thrush1/ Sri Lanka Whistling Thrush2,3,4,5 370. Rufous-tailed Rock Thrush Monticola saxatilis V 371. Blue Rock Thrush Monticola solitarius M 372. Bluethroat Luscinia svecica V 373. Indian Blue Chat Larvivora brunnea M / Indian Blue Robin1,2,3,4,5 374. Rufous-tailed Scrub Robin Cercotrichas galactotes V 375. Magpie-Robin Copsychus saularis R / Oriental Magpie-robin1,2,3,4,5 376. White-rumped Shama Copsychus malabaricus R 377. Black Robin Copsychus fulicatus R / Indian Black Robin1 / Indian Robin2,3,5 / Black-backed Robin4 378. Siberian Stonechat Saxicola maurus V / Common Stonechat2,3,5 379. Whinchat Saxicola rubetra V 380. Pied Bushchat Saxicola caprata R 381. Pied Wheatear Oenanthe pleschanka V 382. Desert Wheatear Oenanthe deserti V 383. Isabelline Wheatear Oenanthe isabellina V

BABBLERS TIMALIIDAE 384. Ashy-headed Laughing Thrush Garrulax cinereifrons E / Ashy-headed Laughingthrush1,2,3,4,5 385. Brown-capped Babbler Pellorneum fuscocapillus E 386. Ceylon Scimitar Babbler Pomatorhinus melanurus E / Sri Lanka Scimitar-babbler2,3,4,5 387. White-throated Babbler Dumetia hyperythra R / Tawny-bellied Babbler1,2,3,4,5 388. Black-fronted Babbler Rhopocichla atriceps R / Dark-fronted Babbler1,2,3,4,5 389. Rufous Babbler Turdoides rufescens E / Ceylon Rufous Babbler1 / Orange-billed Babbler2,3,4,5 390. Southern Common Babbler Turdoides affinis R / Yellow-billed Babbler1,2,3,4,5

GRASS BABBLERS AND ALLIES PARADOXOMITHIDAE 391. Yellow-eyed Babbler Chrysomma sinense R

WHITE-EYES AND ALLIES ZOSTEROPIDAE 392. Ceylon Hill White-eye Zosterops ceylonensis E / Ceylon White-eye1 / Sri Lanka White-eye2,3,4,5 393. Small White-eye Zosterops palpebrosus R / Oriental White-eye1,2,3,4,5

CISTICOLAS, PRINIAS AND TAILORBIRDS CISTICOLIDAE 394. Streaked Fantail Warbler Cisticola juncidis R / Zitting Cisticola1,2,3,4,5 395. Franklin’s Prinia Prinia hodgsonii R / Grey-breasted Prinia1,2,3,4,5 396. Ashy Prinia Prinia socialis R 397. Large Prinia Prinia sylvatica R / Jungle Prinia1,2,3,4,5 398. White-browed Prinia Prinia inornata R / Plain Prinia1,2,3,4,5 399. Common Tailorbird Orthotomus sutorius R

GRASSHOPPER-WARBLERS AND BUSH-WARBLERS 400. Ceylon Warbler Elaphrornis palliseri E / Sri Lanka Bush-warbler1,2,3,4 / Sri Lanka Warbler5 401. Locustella lanceolata V 402. Common Grasshopper Warbler Locustella naevia V / Grasshopper Warbler1,2,3 / Common Grasshopper-warbler5 403. Pallas’s Grasshopper Warbler Locustella certhiola M / Rusty-rumped Warbler1,2,3 404. Broad-tailed Grass Warbler Schoenicola platyurus U / Indian Broad-tailed Grass-warbler1 / Broad-tailed Grassbird 2,3,4,5

REED-WARBLERS AND ALLIES ACROCEPHALIDAE 405. Blyth’s Reed Warbler Acrocephalus dumetorum M 406. Clamorous Reed Warbler R Acrocephalus [stentoreus] brunnescens / Indian Reed-warbler1 407. Sykes’s Warbler Iduna rama M / Booted Warbler4

408. Booted Warbler Iduna caligata V

LEAF-WARBLERS PHYLLOSCOPIDAE 409. Dusky Warbler Phylloscopus fuscatus V 410. Greenish Leaf Warbler Phylloscopus trochiloides V / Greenish Warbler1,2,3,4,5 411. Green Leaf Warbler Phylloscopus nitidus M / Bright-green Warbler1,4 / Green Warbler2,3,5 412. Large-billed Leaf Warbler Phylloscopus magnirostris M 413. Western Crowned Warbler Phylloscopus occipitalis V / Western Crowned Leaf-warbler5

SYLVIID WARBLERS SYLVIIDAE 414. Lesser Whitethroat Sylvia curruca V 415. Desert Whitethroat Sylvia minula V / Lesser Whitethroat4,5 416. Hume’s Whitethroat Sylvia althaea M / Lesser Whitethroat4,5

TITMICE PARIDAE 417. Grey Tit Parus cinereus R / Cinereous Tit1 / Great Tit2,3,4,5

NUTHATCHES SITTIDAE 418. Velvet-fronted Nuthatch Sitta frontalis R

FLOWERPECKERS DICAEIDAE 419. Thick-billed Flowerpecker Pachyglossa agilis R 420. Legge’s Flowerpecker Pachyglossa vincens E / White-throated Flowerpecker4,5 421. Tickell’s Flowerpecker Dicaeum erythrorhynchos R / Pale-billed Flowerpecker1,2,3,4,5

SUNBIRDS AND ALLIES NECTARINIIDAE 422. Purple-rumped Sunbird Leptocoma zeylonica R 423. Purple Sunbird Cynnyris asiaticus R 424. Loten’s Sunbird Cynnyris lotenius R / Long-billed Sunbird4

BUNTINGS EMBERIZIDAE 425. Grey-necked Bunting Emberiza buchanani V 426. Black-headed Bunting Emberiza melanocephala V 427. Red-headed Bunting Emberiza bruniceps V

FINCHES FRINGILLIDAE 428. Common Rosefinch Erythrina erythrina V

WAXBILLS ESTRILDIDAE 429. White-throated Munia Euodice malabarica R / Indian Silverbill1,2,3,5 / White-throated Silverbill4 430. White-rumped Munia Lonchura striata R 431. Ceylon Hill Munia Lonchura kelaarti R / Black-throated Munia1,2,3,4,5 432. Spotted Munia Lonchura punctulata R / Scaly-breasted Munia1,2,3,4,5

433. Black-headed Munia Lonchura malacca R / Tricoloured Munia1,5

OLD-WORLD SPARROWS PASSERIDAE 434. House Sparrow Passer domesticus R 435. Yellow-throated Sparrow Gymnoris xanthocollis V / Chestnut-shouldered Petronia2,3,4 / Chestnut-shouldered Bush-sparrow5

WEAVERS PLOCEIDAE 436. Striated Weaver Ploceus manyar R / Streaked Weaver1,2,3,4,5 437. Baya Weaver Ploceus philippinus R

STARLINGS AND MYNAS STURNIDAE 438. Ceylon White-headed Starling Sturnornis albofrontatus E / White-faced Starling1,2,3,4,5 439. Grey-headed Starling Sturnia malabarica V / Chestnut-tailed Starling2,3,4,5 440. Daurian Starling Agropsar sturninus V / Purple-backed Starling4,5 441. Brahminy Myna Sturnia pagodarum M / Brahminy Starling1,2,3,4,5 442. Rosy Starling Pastor roseus M 443. Common Myna Acridotheres tristis R 444. Ceylon Hill Myna Gracula ptilogenys E / Ceylon Hill-myna1 / Sri Lanka Hill Myna2,3,5 / Sri Lanka Myna4 445. Common Hill Myna Gracula indica R / Lesser Hill-myna1/ Lesser Hill Myna2,3,4 / Southern Hill-myna1

ORIOLES ORIOLIDAE 446. European Golden Oriole Oriolus oriolus V / Eurasian Golden Oriole3,5 447. Indian Golden Oriole Oriolus kundoo M 448. Black-naped Oriole Oriolus chinensis V 449. Black-headed Oriole Oriolus xanthornus R+(M) / Black-hooded Oriole1,2,3,4,5

FAIRY BLUEBIRDS IRENIDAE 450. Fairy Bluebird Irena puella U / Asian Fairy-bluebird1,2,3,4,5

DRONGOS DICRURIDAE 451. Black Drongo Edolius macrocercus R+M 452. Grey Drongo Edolius leucophaeus M / Ashy Drongo1,2,3,5 453. White-bellied Drongo Edolius caerulescens White-bellied Drongo E. c. insularis R White-vented Drongo E. c. leucopygialis R 454. Racket-tailed Drongo Dicrurus paradiseus R / Greater Racket-tailed Drongo1,2,3,4,5 455. Ceylon Crested Drongo Dicrurus lophorinus E / Sri Lanka Drongo2,3,5 / Sri Lanka Crested Drongo4

WOODSWALLOWS ARTAMIDAE 456. Ashy Swallow-Shrike Artamus fuscus R / Ashy Woodswallow1,2,3,4,5

CROWS, MAGPIES AND ALLIES CORVIDAE 457. Ceylon Blue Magpie Urocissa ornata E / Sri Lanka Blue Magpie2,3,4,5 458. House Crow Corvus splendens R 459. Jungle Crow Corvus [macrorhyncos] culminatus R / Indian Jungle Crow1,3 / Large-billed Crow2,4,5

Citation: Ceylon Bird Club. 2020. Sri Lanka List (Country List) of bird species. Version 2. http://www.ceylonbirdclub.org

List compiled and status of species and subspecies analysed by: D. Warakagoda, CBC Rarities and Records Committee, Ceylon Bird Club, Colombo, Sri Lanka.

Works used in analysis of status of species and subspecies: 1. Ceylon Bird Club Notes, to date, monthly. Ceylon Bird Club. 2. Annotated Checklist of the Birds of Ceylon (Sri Lanka), 1978. W.W. A. Phillips. 3. Checklist of the Birds of Sri Lanka, 1994. D. P. Wijesinghe. 4. A Guide to the Birds of Sri Lanka, 3rd revised ed., 1998. G. M. Henry. 5. Waterbird Population Estimates: 4th Edition, 2006. S. Delany and D. Scott. 6. Birds of Sri Lanka: Helm Field Guides, 2012. D. Warakagoda, C. Inskipp, T. Inskipp and R. Grimmett. 7. Birds of South Asia: The Ripley Guide. Vols. 1 and 2. 2nd edition, 2012. P. C. Rasmus- sen and J. C. Anderton. 8. Illustrated Checklist of the Birds of the World: HBW & BirdLife International. Vols. 1 & 2, 2014 & 2016. J. del Hoyo and N. Collar. May 2020