<<

- Codebook -

EU Profiler/euandi Trend File (2009-2019)

European University Institute, Robert Schuman Centre of Advanced Studies

February 2020

Introduction

The EU Profiler/euandi Trend File (2009-2019) combines party position data from three pan-European voting advice applications (VAAs), developed for the elections in 2009, 2014 and 2019. It includes the positions of over 400 parties1 from the 28 EU member states on a wide range of salient political issues.

The project was first launched in 2009 under the name ‘EU Profiler’ by the European University Institute (EUI), in collaboration with Smartvote () and Kieskompas (2009). By positioning more than 270 political parties from 30 European countries2 it was the first cross-national VAA of such magnitude. EU Profiler was succeeded by ‘euandi’ (EU and I) in 2014 and re-launched as ‘euandi2019’ five years later, in collaboration with the University of Luzern.3

To determine party positions on the political issues, all three editions of the VAA have used the same iterative method that combines party self-placement and expert judgement. All the parties were offered a chance to place themselves on the pre-selected issue-statements. The parties were also placed on the same list of issues by a group of experts from each EU member state. The results were then compared and, if necessary, calibrated in co-operation with the party representatives. If the party did not respond to the invitation to participate in the self-placement procedure, the positions were determined solely by the expert group.4 Over 100 highly trained experts across Europe worked for each of these VAAs to make such immense data collection endeavour .

The VAAs launched in 2009 and 2014 included a set of 30 political issue-statements, out of which 28 were identical for all the countries and 2 were country-specific. In 2019, the number of statements was reduced to 22 and all the items were identical across the countries. Some of the statements were changed over the years, but 15 of them remained the same since 2009. These items – pertaining to a wide range of salient topics such as social values, ecological/ policies, immigration, European

1 The criteria for selecting parties was that they should have a certain level of relevance in the respective party system. The relevance was defined in rather lenient terms, so that parties that were credited with at least 1% of the popular vote in the polls preceding the EP election were considered for the VAA. Thus, the dataset also includes a number of rather minor parties. 2 EU Profiler included all 27 countries that at the time belonged to the , and in addition also , Switzerland and Turkey. As Switzerland and Turkey were not included in the 2014 and 2019 VAAs, they are excluded from the Trend File. 3 In 2014, the EUI collaborated with the Berkman Center for Internet and Society at Harvard University and with LUISS University in Rome; the 2019 was carried out in cooperation with the University of Lucerne in Switzerland. 4 In 2009, approximately 40% of the parties took part in the self-placement, in 2014 and 2019, the percentage was slightly above 50%. integration and classic socioeconomic -right issues – allow direct temporal comparisons and make this dataset especially valuable for longitudinal research.

General variables

COUNTRY = Alphabetic country identifier

COUNTRY_CODE = Numeric country identifier

YEAR = The year the party was placed (2009, 2014, 2019)

PUI = Party Unique Identifier

CHESS = Chapel Hill Expert Survey code of the party

SELFPLACEMENT = A dummy variable indicating whether the party participated in the self-placement process (1 – ; 0 – no).

EPVOTE = The vote share of the party in the respective European Parliament election.

EPVOTE_COALITION = Vote share of a party coalition that the respective party was part of (in case when the separate party vote share is not discernible).5

5 In some countries, parties formed electoral coalitions/alliances for the EP election and the vote shares of the separate parties were not discernible; yet, some of these parties were represented separately in the VAA. In these instances we have assigned the vote share of the whole coalition to the separate parties that were part of it and marked the main „EPVOTE“ variable as a missing value. Issue-statements

Party positions on each statement were coded according to the following answer categories:

No opinion = . Completely disagree = 0 Tend to disagree = 25 Neutral = 50 Tend to agree = 75 Completely agree = 100

Common statements 2009

Variable Statement S1_09 Social programs should be maintained even at the cost of higher taxes. S2_09 Greater efforts should be made to privatize healthcare services in the country. S3_09 State subsidies for crèches and child care should be increased substantially. S4_09 Immigration policies oriented towards skilled workers should be encouraged as a means of fostering economic growth. S5_09 Immigration into the country should be made more restrictive. S6_09 Immigrants from outside Europe should be required to accept our culture and values. S7_09 The legalisation of same sex marriages is a good thing S8_09 Religious values and principles should be shown greater respect in politics. S9_09 The decriminalization of the personal use of drugs is to be welcomed. S10_09 Euthanasia should be legalised S11_09 Government spending should be reduced in order to lower taxes S12_09 The EU should acquire its own tax raising powers S13_09 Governments should bail out failing banks with public money. S14_09 Governments should reduce workers' protection regulations in order to fight unemployment S15_09 The EU should drastically reduce its subsidies to Europe’s farmers. S16_09 Renewable sources of energy (e.g., solar or wind energy) should be supported even if this means higher energy costs. S17_09 The promotion of public transport should be fostered through green taxes (e.g., road taxing). S18_09 Policies to fight global warming should be encouraged even if it hampers economic growth or employment. S19_09 Restrictions of civil should be accepted in the fight against terrorism. S20_09 Criminals should be punished more severely S21_09 On foreign policy issues, such as the relationship with Russia, the EU should speak with one voice. S22_09 The European Union should strengthen its security and defence policy S23_09 is a good thing S24_09 [Your country] is much better off in the EU than outside it. S25_09 The European Union should be enlarged to include Turkey. S26_09 The European Parliament should be given more powers. S27_09 Individual member states of the EU should have less veto power S28_09 Any new European Treaty should be subject to approval in a referendum in [your country]

Common statements 2014

Variable Statement S1_14 Social programs should be maintained even at the cost of higher taxes. It should be harder for EU immigrants working or staying in [your country] to get access to social assistance benefits than it is S2_14 for [your country's] citizens S3_14 Pension benefits should be reduced to limit the state debt in [your country] S4_14 To fight the problem of illegal immigration, the European Union should take responsibility in patrolling its borders S5_14 Immigration [into your country] should be made more restrictive S6_14 Immigrants from outside Europe should be required to accept our culture and values S7_14 The legalisation of same sex marriages is a good thing S8_14 Embryonic stem cell research should be stopped S9_14 The legalisation of the personal use of soft drugs is to be welcomed S10_14 Euthanasia should be legalised S11_14 Government spending should be reduced in order to lower taxes S12_14 The EU should acquire its own tax raising powers S13_14 Bank and stock market gains should be taxed more heavily S14_14 Governments should reduce workers' protection regulations in order to fight unemployment S15_14 The state should provide stronger financial support to unemployed workers S16_14 The EU should relax its austerity policy in order to foster economic growth S17_14 The promotion of public transport should be fostered through green taxes (e.g. road taxing) S18_14 Renewable sources of energy (e.g. solar or wind energy) should be supported even if this means higher energy costs S19_14 Restrictions of personal privacy on the Internet should be accepted for public security reasons S20_14 Criminals should be punished more severely S21_14 Access to abortion should become more restricted S22_14 The European Union should strengthen its security and defence policy S23_14 On foreign policy issues the EU should speak with one voice S24_14 European integration is a good thing S25_14 To tackle the sovereign debt crisis, the member states of the Eurozone should be allowed to issue common bonds (Eurobonds) S26_14 The single European currency (Euro) is a bad thing S27_14 Individual member states of the EU should have less veto power S28_14 Any new European Treaty should be subject to approval in a referendum in [your country]

Common statements 2019

Variable Statement S1_19 Social programs should be maintained even at the cost of higher taxes. S2_19 The state should provide stronger financial support to unemployed workers S3_19 The EU should rigorously punish Member States that violate the EU deficit rules S4_19 Asylum-seekers should be distributed proportionally among EU Member States through a mandatory relocation system S5_19 Immigration [into your country] should be made more restrictive S6_19 Immigrants from outside Europe should be required to accept our culture and values S7_19 The legalisation of same sex marriages is a good thing S8_19 The legalisation of the personal use of soft drugs is to be welcomed S9_19 Euthanasia should be legalised S10_19 Government spending should be reduced in order to lower taxes S11_19 The EU should acquire its own tax raising powers S12_19 Bank and stock market gains should be taxed more heavily S13_19 The promotion of public transport should be fostered through green taxes (e.g. road taxing) S14_19 Renewable sources of energy (e.g. solar or wind energy) should be supported even if this means higher energy costs S15_19 Restrictions of personal privacy on the Internet should be accepted for public security reasons S16_19 Criminals should be punished more severely S17_19 The European Union should strengthen its security and defence policy S18_19 On foreign policy issues the EU should speak with one voice S19_19 European integration is a good thing S20_19 The single European currency (Euro) is a bad thing S21_19 Individual member states of the EU should have less veto power In European Parliament elections, EU citizens should be allowed to cast a vote for a party or candidate from any other Member S22_19 State

Statements continuity (2009; 2014; 2019)

Variable 2009 Variable 2014 Variable 2019 Statement S1_09 S1_14 S1_19 Social programs should be maintained even at the cost of higher taxes. S11_09 S11_14 S10_19 Government spending should be reduced in order to lower taxes S5_09 S5_14 S5_19 Immigration into the country should be made more restrictive. S6_09 S6_14 S6_19 Immigrants from outside Europe should be required to accept our culture and values. S7_09 S7_14 S7_19 The legalisation of same sex marriages is a good thing S9_09 S9_14 S8_19 The legalisation/decriminalisation of the personal use of soft drugs is to be welcomed S10_09 S10_14 S9_19 Euthanasia should be legalised S20_09 S20_14 S16_19 Criminals should be punished more severely Renewable sources of energy (e.g., solar or wind energy) should be supported even if this means S16_09 S18_14 S14_19 higher energy costs. S17_09 S17_14 S13_19 The promotion of public transport should be fostered through green taxes (e.g., road taxing). S12_09 S12_14 S11_19 The EU should acquire its own tax raising powers S21_09 S23_14 S18_19 On foreign policy issues, [such as the relationship with Russia]6, the EU should speak with one voice. S22_09 S22_14 S17_19 The European Union should strengthen its security and defence policy S23_09 S24_14 S19_19 European integration is a good thing S27_09 S27_14 S21_19 Individual member states of the EU should have less veto power

6 In 2009, this statement was “On foreign policy issues, such as the relationship with Russia, the EU should speak with one voice”. In 2014 and 2019, it was “On foreign policy issues, the EU should speak with one voice”. Country-specific statements (2009; 2014)

Austria

Variable Statement S29_09 Asylum seekers should automatically receive the right of residence on humanitarian grounds after five years S30_09 Austria should introduce comprehensive schools Austria should introduce a property tax under the condition that the tax rate is low and that the capital levy is confined to the S29_14 richest Austrians (millionaires) S30_14 Comprehensive schools (a common education for all youth aged 11---14) should be established across Austria

Belgium

Note: In Belgium, the VAAs were launched separately in Dutch and , for the Flemish and Walloon regions, respectively. Also, the country- specific statements differed between the two versions of the VAA, so for Belgium, S29 and S30 are divided into different variables.

Belgium (Flemish)

Variable Statement S29_09_BE_FL To ensure a better functioning of the federal State, a proportion of MPs should be elected out of a country-wide constituency S30_09_BE_FL Governments should cut down social expenses to prepare for future costs of ageing of society S29_14_BE_FL The income tax rate for high incomes should be increased S30_14_BE_FL Belgium's state structure should be changed into a confederation

Belgium (Walloon)

Variable Statement S29_09_BE_WA To ensure a better functioning of the federal State, a proportion of MPs should be elected out of a country-wide constituency S30_09_BE_WA Governments should cut down social expenses to prepare for future costs of ageing of society S29_14_BE_WA Financial solidarity between poorer and richer regions must continue to be ensured in Belgium S30_14_BE_WA European and national elections should not be held simultaneously anymore

Bulgaria

Variable Statement S29_09 The EU should not intervene in 's efforts to fight corruption S30_09 3rd and 4th blocks of Kozloduy NPP should be re-started S29_14 The current protests are purely partisan motivated and should stop immediately S30_14 Bulgaria should continue to support the South Stream project, even if this undermines its relations with

Croatia

Variable Statement S29_09 The 11th electoral unit for the diaspora should be abolished S30_09 Shops should not be allowed to open on Sundays S29_14 Granting the concessions for highways is a good strategy for improving the state of public finances S30_14 The financing of the Catholic Church should be separated from the state budget

Cyprus

Variable Statement S29_09 should seek to join the NATO Partnership for Peace S30_09 Cyprus should leverage its position in the EU to seek a new solution framework for the Cyprus problem S29_14 In order to exit the economic crisis, Cyprus should fully implement the terms and conditions of the bailout agreements S30_14 To remain in the Eurozone, Cyprus should radically reform the size and structure of its banking sector

Czech Republic

Variable Statement S29_09 The should ratify the Treaty S30_09 The common EU currency euro should be introduced in the Czech Republic S29_14 The common EU currency Euro should be introduced in the Czech Republic S30_14 The European Union should be enlarged to include Turkey

Denmark

Variable Statement S29_09 The common EU currency euro should be introduced in Denmark S30_09 Denmark should participate in the EU's common immigration and refugee policies at the same level as other Member States S29_14 In order to maintain its level of welfare, Denmark should leave the European Union S30_14 Denmark should re-introduce border controls, even if this goes against the Schengen agreement

Estonia

Variable Statement In the European Parliament elections it should be possible to cast a vote for an individual candidate instead of closed party S29_09 list S30_09 The common EU currency euro should be introduced in S29_14 Estonia should leave the European Stability Mechanism (ESM) S30_14 The European Union and Russia should agree on visa

Finland

Variable Statement S29_09 Finland should apply for Nato membership S30_09 Finland should be allowed to pay national agricultural subsidies on top of the EU subsidies for farmers S29_14 Finland should have an important role in the EU's civilian crisis management operations S30_14 Finland should support countries that have been most affected by the economic crisis

France

Variable Statement S29_09 Introducing affirmative policies for minorities is a good thing S30_09 Economic globalisation increases unemployment and social inequality in S29_14 In order to fight unemployement and social inequalities, economic globalization should be limited S30_14 France should contribute to the economic rescue of other EU Member States

Germany

Variable Statement S29_09 The Linkspartei should not be allowed to participate in the federal government S30_09 The phasing out of nuclear power should not be called into question S29_14 Germany should introduce data retention S30_14 Germany should introduce a highway toll for foreigners

Greece

Variable Statement S29_09 Educational reform should proceed in even if this means the legal recognition of private educational institutions EU membership has helped Greece promote its foreign policy goals (Cyprus question, FYROM name issue, Greek-Turkish S30_09 relations) S29_14 In order to exit the economic crisis, Greece should fully implement the terms and conditions of the bailout agreements S30_14 Public services should be made more efficient even at the cost of lay-offs

Hungary

Variable Statement S29_09 should step up more firmly for the interests of the Hungarians living in the neighboring countries S30_09 The common EU currency euro should be introduced in Hungary S29_14 It should become more difficult for foreigners to buy land in Hungary S30_14 Hungary's flat-rate personal income tax scheme should not be changed

Ireland

Variable Statement S29_09 If put to another referendum, the Lisbon Treaty should be rejected S30_09 Cutting public service pay is an important step in aiding the recovery of the public finances S29_14 To improve the state of public finances, public sector employees should earn less S30_14 Corporate taxes should be more standardized across the European Union

Italy

Variable Statement S29_09 The EU should promote religious pluralism within its member states The European Union should allow members' state intervention for saving private companies of national interests (e.g. S30_09 Alitalia, Fiat) S29_14 The crime of illegal immigration should be punished more heavily S30_14 Every kind of public financing to political parties should be abolished in Italy

Latvia

Variable Statement S29_09 The EU should recognize and condemn the role played by the communist regime in Central and Eastern Europe S30_09 The common EU currency euro should be introduced in Latvia S29_14 It should become more difficult for foreigners to buy land in Latvia S30_14 The EU should recognize and condemn the role played by the communist regime in Central and Eastern Europe

Lithuania

Variable Statement S29_09 Lithuania should not unconditionally pursue its committment to the EU to close the Ignalina nuclear power plant S30_09 The EU should take all efforts to terminate the construction of the gas pipeline " Stream" S29_14 The government should maintain and defend the use of Lithuanian in the public sphere S30_14 The common EU currency Euro should be introduced in Lithuania

Luxembourg

Variable Statement S29_09 The Luxembourgish social model is threatened by European integration S30_09 European and national elections should not be held simultaneously anymore In tax matters, Luxembourg should adopt the automatic exchange of information with EU countries on all forms of income S29_14 (interest, capital gains, dividends, etc.). S30_14 The separation of European and National elections should be maintained

Malta

Variable Statement Member States should shoulder part of Malta's illegal immigration burden by accepting to host a substantial percentage of S29_09 these illegal immigrants S30_09 The EU should be more involved in measures aimed at preserving Malta's countryside S29_14 Malta should be free to adopt a policy of sending migrants back to country of origin (pushback) S30_14 The sale of Maltese citizenship should be promoted

The

Variable Statement S29_09 Financial oversight of banks should be regulated at the European level S30_09 A European ban on smoking in bars, restaurants, etc. needs to be introduced The Netherlands should reintroduce residence and working permit restrictions for for example Bulgarian and Romanian S29_14 citizens S30_14 There should be a mandatory minimum wage for workers from other EU Member States that do temporary work in the Netherlands

Poland

Variable Statement S29_09 should introduce the common European currency euro S30_09 Poland should be represented at the EU Summits exclusively by the government S29_14 The common EU currency Euro should be introduced in Poland S30_14 Poland is not spending its European funds the right way

Portugal

Variable Statement S29_09 Regionalisation, i.e. the creation of relatively autonomous regions, should be implemented in In the next years, the Portuguese Government should invest in infrastructures, such as railroads and the new airport in S30_09 Lisbon S29_14 Portugal should renegotiate its public debt in order to overcome the present economic crisis S30_14 Portugal should leave the common EU currency Euro

Romania

Variable Statement S29_09 The Constitution should be changed to give more powers to the President S30_09 Romania has the capacity to combat high-level corruption without monitoring from the Romania should be free to combat high-level corruption without monitoring from supranational political entities, such as S29_14 the European Commission S30_14 The current Constitutional reform project should be pursued in order to improve the functioning of the Romanian institutions

Slovakia

Variable Statement S29_09 Slovakia adopting the Euro was a good thing S30_09 Slovakia should maintain its foreign policy with Russia, independent of other EU member states S29_14 Slovakia should spend less of its European funds on the Roma minority S30_14 Nuclear energy should remain in the sole competence of the member states of the EU

Slovenia

Variable Statement S29_09 The Slovenian government should settle the legal status of the"Erased" (izbrisani) and give them financial restitution S30_09 Slovenian ownership of domestic firms is in the national interest of Slovenia S29_14 State-owned companies should be privatised as widely as possible S30_14 Elected politicians should step down when facing criminal investigations, until their name is cleared

Spain

Variable Statement S29_09 It would be positive for Spain if the Autonomous Communities were given more power instead of the central government S30_09 The state should play an active role in the education of basic civic values in schools S29_14 When paying for a morgage becomes impossible, the rendition of the house should cancel the debt with the bank S30_14 Autonomous Communities should be granted the right to become independent states

Sweden

Variable Statement S29_09 Free movement of workers within the EU threatens the Swedish model of collective labour agreements S30_09 The common EU currency euro should be introduced in Sweden S29_14 The making of profit should not be allowed within tax-financed health care, education, and elderly care S30_14 Administrative responsibility for Swedish elementary and secondary schools should be transferred from the municipalities to the state

United Kingdom

Note: In the United Kingdom, the VAAs were launched separately in England, Northern , Scotland and Wales. Also, the country-specific statements differed between the four versions of the VAA, so for the United Kingdom, S29 and S30 are divided into four different variables.

United Kingdom (England)

Variable Statement All residents of the UK should be required to have a national ID card in order to help fight terrorism, tackle identity fraud, S29_09_UK_EN prevent illegal working and improve border controls S30_09_UK_EN The expansion of airports in England should be encouraged so as to create jobs and boost competitiveness S29_14_UK_EN The UK should hold a referendum to decide whether to continue its membership of the European Union S30_14_UK_EN The government should require energy companies to fix prices for the next two years

United Kingdom (Northern Ireland)

Variable Statement S29_09_UK_NI Academic selection in grammar schools in Northern Ireland should be preserved S30_09_UK_NI Northern Ireland should become part of the Irish Republic S29_14_UK_NI The UK should hold a referendum to decide whether to continue its membership of the European Union S30_14_UK_NI Northern Ireland should become part of the Irish Republic

United Kingdom (Scotland)

Variable Statement All residents of the UK should be required to have a national ID card in order to help fight terrorism, tackle identity fraud, S29_09_UK_SC prevent illegal working and improve border controls S30_09_UK_SC Scotland should leave the United Kingdom and become an independent state S29_14_UK_SC The UK should hold a referendum to decide whether to continue its membership of the European Union S30_14_UK_SC Scotland should leave the United Kingdom and become an independent state

United Kingdom (Wales)

Variable Statement All residents of the UK should be required to have a national ID card in order to help fight terrorism, tackle identity fraud, S29_09_UK_WA prevent illegal working and improve border controls S30_09_UK_WA The National Assembly for Wales should acquire primary legislative powers like those held by the Scottish Parliament S29_14_UK_WA The UK should hold a referendum to decide whether to continue its membership of the European Union S30_14_UK_WA The Welsh Assembly should do more to promote the use of Welsh in everyday life

List of parties

Country PUI Abbreviation7 Party name Party name (English)

Austria 101 Gruene Die Grunen The -- The Green Alternative

102 OVP Osterreichische Volkspartei Austrian People's Party

103 FPO Freiheitliche Partei Osterreichs

104 SPO Sozialdemokratische Partei Osterreichs Social of Austria

105 BZO Bundnis Zukunft Osterreich for the Future of Austria

106 KPO Kommunistische Partei Osterreichs of Austria

107 NEOS Das Neue Österreich NEOS -- The New Austria

108 PILZ EUROPA Jetzt – Initiative Johannes Voggenhuber Europe Now

Belgium 201 PS Parti socialiste [Francophone]

202 PA-PTB Partij van de Arbeid Workers' Party of Belgium

203 AGL-Gr Agalev -- Green

204 SPa+Spi Sociaal-Liberale Partij Socialist Party Different / Social

205 MR Mouvement reformateur

7 We have currently used the abbreviations that correspond with the ParlGov dataset. Thus, the abbreviations might not match with the abbreviations used for the same parties in their respective countries.

206 CD+NVA Christen-Democratisch & Vlaams Christian-Democrat and Flemish / New Flemish Alliance

207 PVV|VLD Open Vlaamse Liberalen en Democraten Party of and Progress | Flemish and

208 N-VA Nieuw-Vlaamse Alliantie New Flemish Alliance

209 LD|LDD Lijst Dedecker List Dedecker | Libertarian, Direct, Democratic

210 VB Vlaams Belang Flemish Block

211 SP Socialistische Partij Anders Socialist Party

212 Parti ecologiste francophone de Belgique Confederated ecologists for the organisation of original struggles

213 PSC-CDH Centre Démocrate Humaniste Humanist Democratic Centre

214 FDF Fédéralistes Démocrates Francophones Francophone Democratic Front

215 Pp Parti Populaire People's Party

Bulgaria 301 DSB Demokrati za Silna Balgarija Democrats for a Strong Bulgaria

302 DPS Dvizhenie za prava i svobodi Movement for and

303 NDSV Nacionalno Dviženie Simeon Vtori National Movement Simeon II

304 Ataka National Union Attack

305 BSP Bulgarska sotsialisticheska partiya Bulgarian Socialist Party

306 GERB Grazhdani za evropeysko razvitie na Balgariya Citizens for European Development of Bulgaria

307 SDS Sayuz na demokratichnite sili Union of Democratic Forces

308 Napred NAPRED Forward

309 ABV Alternativa za balgarsko vazrazhdane Alternative for Bulgarian Revival

310 BBZ Balgarija bes Zensura Bulgaria Without Censorship

311 NFSB Natsionalen Front za Spasenie na Balgariya for the Salvation of Bulgaria

312 RB Reformatorski Blok

313 DB Da Bulgaria Yes, Bulgaria!

314 Volya Volya Will

315 VMRO Bulgarsko Natsionalno Dvizhenie IMRO - Bulgarian National Movement

Croatia 401 HDSS Hrvatska seljacka stranka Croatian Democratic

402 HSP Hrvatska stranka prava Croatian

403 HNS Hrvatska narodna stranka - Liberalni demokrati Croatian People's Party -- Liberal Democrats

404 IDS Istarski demokratski sabor/Dieta democratica Istriana Istrian Democratic Assembly

405 HDZ Hrvatska demokratska zajednica Croatian Democratic Union

406 SPH Socijaldemokratska partija Hrvatske Social Democratic Party of Croatia

407 HSLS Hrvatska socijalno liberalna stranka Croatian Social Liberal Party

408 HDZ-HSS- Koalicija Hrvatska demokratska zajednica - Hrvatska seljacka Coalition of Croatian Democratic Union - Croatian Peasant HSPAS stranka - Hrvatska stranka prava Ante Starcevic Party - Croatian Party of Rights Dr. Ante Starčević

409 CL-LP Hrvatski laburisti - Stranka rada Croatian Labourists --

410 Savez za Savez za Hrvatsku Alliance for Croatia Hrvatsku

411 Nacionalni Nacionalni Forum National Forum Forum

412 ORaH Odrzivi razvoj Hrvatske Sustainable Development of Croatia

413 Kukuriku Kukuriku koalicija People's Coalition

414 GLAS Građansko-liberalni savez Civic Liberal Alliance

415 Most Most nezavisnih lista Bridge of Independent Lists

416 START START Party of Anti-corruption, Development and Transparency

417 Možemo Možemo Sustainable Development of Croatia

418 HKS Hrvatska konzervativna stranka Croatian Conservative Party

419 ZiZi Živi zid Human Shield

Cyprus 501 DISY Dimokratikos Sinayermos_DISY

502 AKEL Anorthotiko Komma Ergazomenou Laou_AKEL Progressive Party of Working People

503 EDEK Kinima Sosialdimokraton EDEK Movement for EDEK

504 EK Evropaiko Komma

505 DIKO Dimokratiko Komma_DIKO Democratic Party

506 KOP Kinima Oikologon Perivallontiston_KOP Ecological and

507 ELAM Ethniko Laiko Metopo National Popular Front

508 SYPO Symmachía Politón Citizens' Alliance

509 JASMINE Yasemin Hareketi Jasmine Movement

510 SYPOL/KOSP SYPOL/KOSP Ecological and Environmental Movement

Czech Rep. 601 KSCM Komunisticka strana Cech a Moravy Communist Party of Bohemia and Moravia

602 SNK-ED SNK Evropsti demokrate SNK European Democrats

603 SSO Strana svobodnych obcanu Party of

604 EDS Evropska demokraticka strana European Democratic Party

605 US Unie Svobody - Demokraticka unie - Democratic Union

606 KDU-CSL Krestanska a demokraticka unie - Ceskoslovenska strana Christian Democratic Union -- People's Party lidova

607 CSSD Ceska strana sociálne demokraticka Czech Social Democratic Party

608 SZ Strana zelenych

609 ODS Obcanska demokraticka strana Civic Democratic Party

610 LEV21 Národní socialisté – levice 21. století National Socialists - Left of the 21st Century

611 ANO ANO 2011 Action of Dissatisfied Citizens

612 USVIT Úsvit prímé demokracie Tomia Okamury Dawn – National Coalition

613 Pi Ceska piratska strana Czech

614 TOP09 Tradice Odpovednost Prosperita Tradition Responsibility Prosperity 09

615 SPD Svoboda a přímá demokracie – Tomio Okamura Freedom and Tomio Okamura

Denmark 701 DF Dansk Folkeparti Danish Peoples Party

702 V , Danmarks Liberale Parti Liberal Party

703 Fobe Folkebevægelsen mod EU People's Movement against the EU

704 JuBe Junibevægelsen June Movement

705 SF Socialistisk Folkeparti Socialist Peoples Party

706 KF Det Konservative Folkeparti Conservatives

707 Sd Socialdemokraterne Social Democrats

708 RV Det Radikale Venstre Danish Social Liberal Party

709 NLA Liberal Alliance Liberal Alliance

710 A Alternativet The Alternative

711 En-O Enhedslisten – De Rød-Grønne -

Estonia 801 EER Eestimaa Rohelised

802 VEE Vene Erakond Eestis in Estonia

803 Era/EKRE Eestimaa Rahvaliit/Eesti Konservatiivne Rahvaerakond People's Union of Estonia/Estonian Conservative People's Party

804 EK Eesti Keskerakond Estonian

805 IRL ja Res Publica Liit Union of Pro Patria and Res Publica

806 ERe Reformierakond

807 EKD Eesti Kristlikud Demokraadid Estonian Christian Democrats

808 SDE|M Sotsiaaldemokraatlik Erakond Social Democratic Party

809 I-IT Indrek Tarand Independent - Indrek Tarand

810 E200 Erakond Eesti 200 Estonia 200

811 EE Elurikkuse Erakond Party

Finland 901 VIHR Vihrea liitto

902 RKP-SFP Svenska Folkpartiet i Finland Swedish People's Party

903 I Itsenaisyyspuolue Independence Party

904 KA Koyhien Asialla For the Poor

905 KESK Suomen Keskusta Centre Party

906 DL|VAS Vasemmistoliitto Alliance

907 KOK Kansallinen Kokoomus

908 SSDP Suomen Sosialidemokraattinen Puolue Social Democratic Party of Finland

909 SP|P Perussuomalaiset Finns Party

910 KD Suomen Kristillisdemokraatit Christian Democrats

911 SKP-Y Suomen Kommunistinen Puolue Communist Party of Finland

912 SKrTL Suomen Tyovaenpuolue Christian Workers' Union of Finland

913 Pi Piraattipuolue Pirate Party Finland

914 M2011 Muutos 2011 Change 2011

915 7Star Seitsemän tähden liike Seven Star Movement

916 UV|SIN Sininen tulevaisuus – Blå framtid Reform

917 FP Feministinen puolue Feminist Party

France 1001 NPA Nouveau Parti Anticapitaliste

1002 UDF|MD Mouvement Democrate Democratic Movement

1003 UMP|LR Union pour une Majorite Populaire Union for a Popular Movement

1004 AL Alternative Liberale

1005 MF Mouvement Pour la France

1006 PCF Parti Communiste Français

1007 CPNT Chasse Peche Nature et Traditions Hunting, Fishing, Nature, Tradition

1008 POI Parti Ouvrier Independant Independent Workers' Party

1009 V Les Verts Greens

1010 MDC Mouvement Republicain et Citoyen Citizens' Movement

1011 N Newropeans Newropeans

1012 PS Parti Socialiste Socialist Party

1013 LO Lutte Ouvriere Workers' Struggle

1014 PRG Parti Radical de Gauche of the Left

1015 FN Front National National Front

1016 MNR Mouvement National Republicain National Republican Movement

1017 DLR|DLF Debout la République Debout la Republique

1018 FI Unbowed France

1019 UDI Union des démocrates et indépendants Union of Democrats and Independents

1020 UPR Union Populaire Républicaine Popular Republican Union

1021 Gs Génération.s Génération.s

1022 REM La République En Marche! The Republic Onwards!

Germany 1101 FW Freie Wahler Free Voters

1102 B90/Gru Bundnis 90 / Die Grunen Alliance 90 /

1103 DVU Deutsche Volksunion German People's Union

1104 CDU Christlich Demokratische Union Deutschlands Christian Democratic Union

1105 FDP Freie Demokratische Partei Free Democratic Party

1106 SPD Sozialdemokratische Partei Deutschlands Social Democratic Party of Germany

1107 CSU Christlich-Soziale Union Christian

1108 Li/PDS DIE LINKE The Left

1109 Rep Die Republikaner

1110 FW Freie Wähler Free Voters

1111 Tier Partei Mensch Umwelt Tierschutz Animal Protection Party

1112 Fam Familien Partei Deutschlands Family Party of Germany

1113 AfD Alternative für Deutschland Alternative for Germany

1114 NPD Nationaldemokratische Partei Deutschlands National Democratic Party

1115 Pi Piratenpartei Deutschland German Pirate Party

1116 PARTEI Die PARTEI THE PARTY

1117 ODP Ökologisch-Demokratische Partei Ecological Democratic Party

1118 C Bündnis C – Christen für Deutschland Alliance C – Christians for Germany

1119 LKR Liberal-Konservative Reformer Liberal Conservative Reformers

1120 N Newropeans Newropeans

Greece 1201 KKE Kommounistiko Komma Elladas Communist Party of Greece

1202 PASOK Panellinio Sosialistiko Kinima Panhellenic Socialist Movement

1203 LAOS Laïkos Orthodoxos Synagermos Popular Orthodox Rally

1204 Rizospastikis Aristeras Coalition of the Radical Left

1205 ND Nea Demokratia

1206 DR Dimokratiki Anagenissi

1207 OP Oikologoi Prasinoi

1208 AE Anexartitoi Ellines

1209 TP To Potami The River

1210 D-FS Drasi – Fileleytheri Symmachia Action - Liberal Alliance

1211 DIMAR Dimokratiki Aristera

1212 DX Dimiourgia Xana Recreate Greece

1213 MR25 MERA25 European Realistic Disobedience Front

1214 EL Elliniki Lisi

1215 LE Laïkí Enótita Popular

1216 LS - CA Laikos Syndesmos – Chrysi Avg People's Association -

1217 EK Enosi Kentroon Union of Centrists

1218 KINAL KINAL Movement for Change Hungary 1301 MSZP Magyar Szocialista Part Hungarian Socialist Party

1302 LMP Lehet Mas a Politika Politics Can Be Different

1303 MDF Magyar Demokrata Forum Hungarian Democratic Forum

1304 Jobbik Magyarorszagert Mozgalom Jobbik Movement for a Better Hungary

1305 SzDSz Szabad Demokratak Szovetsege Alliance of

1306 Fi-MPSz - Magyar Polgari Szovetseg Fidesz – Hungarian Civic Alliance

1307 DK Demokratikus Koalíció Democratic Coalition

1308 PM Párbeszéd Magyarországért

1309 MHM Mi Hazánk Mozgalom Our Homeland Movement

1310 MM Momentum Mozgalom

Ireland 1401 SF Sinn Fein Sinn Fein

1402 Lab Labour Party Labour Party

1403 FF Fianna Fail Fianna Fail

1404 Green Green Party Green Party

1405 FG Fine Gael (Familiy of the Irish)

1406 Lib Libertas Libertas Ireland

1407 SP Socialist Party Socialist Party

1408 DS Social Democrats Social Democrats

1409 D-PRB Solidarity -- Solidarity -- People Before Profit

1410 TWP The Workers' Party The Workers' Party

1411 DDI Direct Democracy Ireland

1412 RI Renua Ireland Renua Ireland

Italy 1501 UC Unione di Centro Union of the Centre

1502 IdV Italia dei Valori Italy of Values

1503 PD Partito Democratico Democratic Party

1504 LN North League

1505 MSFT Fiamma Tricolore/La Destra-Movimento per lAutonomia- Tricolour Flame Partito Pensionati-Alleanza di Centro

1506 PRC Partito di Rifondazione Comunista - Partito dei Comunisti Communist Refoundation Party Italiani

1507 SL Sinistra e Liberta Left and Freedom

1508 FI-PdL Popolo delle Liberta

1509 FdI-CN Fratelli d'Italia-Alleanza Nazionale -National Alliance

1510 NCD Nuovo Centro Destra New Centre-Right

1511 M5S Movimento Cinque Stelle

1512 SCEALDE Scelta Europea ALDE European Choice ALDE

1513 TSIPRAS L'Altra Europa con Tsipras The Other Europe with Tsipras

1514 GRI Green Italia

1515 E+ Europa+ Europa+

Latvia 1601 PS Pilsoniska Savieniba Civic Union

1602 ZZS Zalo un Zemnieku Savieniba Union of Greens and Farmers

1603 PCTVL Par cilveka tiesibam vienota Latvija For Human Rights in a United Latvia

1604 NA/TB/LNNK Tevzemei un Brivibai/LNNK For Fatherland and Freedom/LNNK

1605 LPP Latvijas Pirma Partija/LC Latvia's First Party/

1606 TP Tautas Partija People's Party

1607 S Saskanas centrs Harmony Centre

1608 SCP Sabiedriba Citai Politikai Society for Other Politics

1609 JL Jaunais laiks New Era

1610 LAAT Latvijas attistibai Latvian Development

1611 LKS Latvijas Krievu savieniba

1612 V Vienotiba Unity

1613 LSP Latvijas Socialistiska partija Socialist Party of Latvia

1614 LRa Latvijas Reģionu apvienība Latvian Association of Regions

1615 JKP Jaunā konservatīvā partija New Conservative Party

1616 P Progresīvie

1617 KPV LV Kam pieder valsts? Who owns the state?

1618 AP! Attīstībai/Par! Development/For!

Lithuania 1701 TS-LKD Tevynes sajunga - Lietuvos krikscionys demokratai

1702 FRONTAS Partija Frontas

1703 TPP Tautos prisikelimo partija National Resurrection Party

1704 LRLS Lietuvos Respublikos liberalu sajudis Liberals Movement of the Republic of Lithuania

1705 LVLS Lietuvos valstieciu liaudininku sajunga Lithuanian

1706 TT-LDP Partija Tvarka ir teisingumas Party

1707 LSDP Lietuvos socialdemokratu partija Lithuanian Social Democratic Party

1708 DP Darbo partija Labour Party

1709 LLiS Lietuvos liberalų sąjunga Liberal Union of Lithuania

1710 LLRA Lietuvos lenku rinkimu akcija Election Action of Lithuania's Poles

1711 LZP Lietuvos Žaliųjų Partija

Luxembourg 1801 ADR Alternativ Demokratesch Reformpartei - Alternative Alternative Democratic Reform Party Demokratische Reformpartei

1802 CSV Chreschtlech-Sozial Vollekspartei - Christlich-Soziale Christian Social People's Party Volkspartei

1803 KPL Kommunistesch Partei Letzebuerg - Kommunistische Partei Communist Party of Luxembourg Luxemburgs

1804 LSAP Letzebuerger Sozialistesch Arbechterpartei - Luxembourg Socialist Workers' Party Luxemburgische Sozialistische Arbeiterpartei

1805 BI Biergerlescht Citizens' List

1806 DL dei Lenk - Die Linke The Left

1807 DP Demokratesch Partei - Demokratische Partei Democratic Party

1808 Greng dei greng - Die Grunen The Greens

1809 Pi Parti Pirate Luxembourg Pirate Party Luxembourg

1810 PID Partei fir INTEGRAL Demokratie Party for Full Democracy

1811 dK déi Konservativ The Conservatives

1812 V Volt Volt

Malta 1901 PL Partit Laburista Malta Labour Party

1902 AD Alternattiva Demokratika Democratic Alternative

1903 PN Partit Nazzjonalista Nationalist Party

1904 AN Azzjoni Nazzjonali National Action

1905 PD Partit Demokratiku Democratic Party

Netherlands 2001 GL GroenLinks GreenLeft

2002 VVD Volkspartij voor Vrijheid en Democratie People's and Democracy

2003 PvdD Partij voor de Dieren

2004 SP Socialistische Partij Socialist Party

2005 CDA Christen-Democratisch Appel Christian Democratic Appeal

2006 CU ChristenUnie / Staatkundig Gereformeerde Partij ChristianUnion

2007 N Newropeans Newropeans

2008 PVV Partij voor de Vrijheid Party for Freedom

2009 LibDem Liberaal Democratische Partij Liberal Democratic Party

2010 PvdA Partij van de Arbeid Labour Party

2011 D66 Democraten 1966 Democrats 66

2012 50+ 50Plus Partij 50PLUS

2013 Pi Piratenpartij Pirate Party

2014 FvD Forum voor Democratie

2015 DENK Beweging DENK Think

Poland 2101 PSL Polskie Stronnictwo Ludowe Polish People's Party

2102 PrRz Prawica Rzeczypospolitej Republic Right Party

2103 UPR|KNP Unia Polityki Realnej Real Politics Union

2104 PiS Prawo i Sprawiedliwosc

2105 LPR Liga Polskich Rodzin League of Polish Families

2106 SLD Sojusz Lewicy Demokratycznej - Unia Pracy Democratic

2107 SRP Samoobrona Rzeczpospolitej Polskiej Self-Defense of the Republic Poland

2108 SDPL Socjaldemokracja Polska Social Democracy of Poland

2109 PO Platforma Obywatelska

2110 PR Polska Razem Jaroslawa Gowina Poland

2111 KNP Kongres Nowej Prawicy Congress of the

2112 SP Solidarna Polska

2113 E+ Europa Plus Twój Ruch Europa Plus

2114 KORWIN Koalicja Odnowy Rzeczypospolitej Wolność i Nadzieja Coalition for the Renewal of the Republic -- Liberty and Hope KORWiN

2115 WIO Wiosna

2116 LR Lewica Razem Lewica Razem

2117 K Kukiz'15 Kukiz'15

2118 KE Koalicja Europejska European Coalition Portugal 2201 PNR Partido Nacional Renovador National Renovator Party

2202 PSD Partido Social Democrata Social Democratic Party

2203 MEP Movimento Esperanca Portugal Hope for Portugal Movement

2204 MPT Partido da Terra

2205 PPM Partido Popular Monarquico Popular Monarchist Party

2206 CDS - PP Centro Democratico Social - Partido Popular CDS-People's Party

2207 CDU Coligacao Democratica Unitaria Unified Democratic Coalition

2208 PCTP/MRPP Partido Comunista dos Trabalhadores Portugueses Portuguese Workers' Communist Party

2209 MMS Movimento Merito e Sociedade Liberal Democratic Party

2210 BE Bloco de Esquerda

2211 PH Partido Humanista

2212 PS Partido Socialista Socialist Party

2213 L LIVRE - Liberdade, Esquerda, Europa, Ecologia (L) Free

2214 PAN Pessoas, Animais, Natureza People, Animals, Nature

2215 MAS Movimento Alternativa Socialista Socialist Alternative Movement

2216 A Aliança Alliance

2217 PDR Partido Democrático Republicano Republican Democratic Party

2218 B Basta Enough

Romania 2301 PNL Partidul National Liberal National Liberal Party

2302 PD-L Partidul Democrat Liberal Democratic Liberal Party

2303 UDMR Uniunea Democrata Maghiara din Romania Democratic Union of Hungarians in Romania

2304 PSD Partidul Social Democrat Social Democratic Party

2305 PRM Partidul Romania Mare

2306 FC Forța Civică

2307 PMP Partidul Miscarea Populara People's Movement Party

2308 PP-DD Partidul Poporului-Dan Diaconescu People's Party -- Dan Diaconescu

2309 PNT-CD Partidul National Taranesc Crestin Democrat Christian Democratic National Peasants' Party

2310 ALDE Alianța Liberalilor și Democraților Alliance of Liberals and Democrats

2311 PROR PRO România PRO Romania

2312 A2020 Alianta 2020 USR-PLUS Alliance 2020 USR PLUS

Slovakia 2401 HZDS Ludova strana - Hnutie za demokraticke Slovensko People's Party - Movement for a Democratic Slovakia

2402 SNS Slovenska narodna strana Slovak

2403 SDKU-DS Slovenska demokraticka a krestanska unia Slovak Democratic and Christian Union - Democratic Party

2404 MK Maďarskej koalície – Magyar koalíció Hungarian Coalition

2405 KDH Krestanskodemokraticke hnutie Christian Democratic Movement

2406 Smer SMER - Socialna Demokracia Direction -- Social Democracy

2407 NS Nová väčšina New Slovakia

2408 MH Most-Híd Most-Hid

2409 SaS Sloboda a solidarita Freedom and Solidarity

2410 LsNS Ľudová strana – Naše Slovensko People's Party - Our Slovakia

2411 OLaNO Obyčajní Ľudia a nezávislé osobnosti Ordinary People and Independent

2412 SR Sme Rodina – Boris Kollár We are family -- Boris Kollar

2413 PS Progresívne Slovensko

Slovenia 2501 ZL-SD Socialni demokrati Social Democrats

2502 LDS Liberalna demokracija Slovenije of Slovenia

2503 NSI Nova Slovenija, Krscansko ljudska stranka -- Christian People's Party

2504 Zares, nova politika For Real

2505 SMS Stranka mladih Slovenije Youth Party of Slovenia

2506 SDS Slovenska demokratska stranka Slovenian Democratic Party

2507 SNS Slovenska nacionalna stranka

2508 DeSUS Demokratska stranka upokojencev Slovenije Democratic Party of Pensioners of Slovenia

2509 SLS Slovenska ljudska stranka Slovenian People's Party

2510 LZJ-PS Pozitivna Slovenija Zoran Jankovic's List --

2511 S Solidarnost, za pravicno družbo Solidarity

2512 DL Državljanska lista

2513 ZdLe Zdruzena levica

2514 DD Dobra Drzava Good Country

2515 ZS Zeleni Slovenije Greens of Slovenia

2516 SMC Stranka modernega centra Centre Party

2517 L Levica The Left

2518 DeSUS Demokratična stranka upokojencev Slovenije Democratic Party of Pensioners of Slovenia

2519 Pose Povežimo se Let's Connect

2520 DOM Domovinska liga Homeland League

2521 LMS Lista Marjana Šarca Marjana Šarca List

2522 ZaAB Zavezništvo Alenke Bratušek Alliance of Alenka Bratusek

2523 ZSi Gibanje Zedinjena Slovenija Movement United Slovenia

Spain 2601 CC Coalicion Canaria Canary Coalition

2602 C-PC Ciudadanos-Partido de la Ciudadania Citizens

2603 ICV Iniciativa per Catalunya Verds Initiative for Catalonia Greens

2604 CiU Convergencia i Unio Convergence and Union

2605 PCE|IU Izquierda Unida United Left

2606 AP-P Partido Popular People's Party

2607 ERC Esquerra Republicana de Catalunya Republican Left of Catalonia

2608 PNV Partido Nacionalista Vasco Basque Nationalist Party

2609 PSOE Partido Socialista Obrero Español Spanish Socialist Workers Party

2610 UPyD Union Progreso y Democracia Union, Progress and Democracy

2611 BNG Bloque Nacionalista Galego Galician Nationalist Block

2612 P Unidas United We Can

2613 Vox Vox Voice

2614 CE Compromiso por Europa Commitment to Europe

2615 AR Ahora Repúblicas Republics Now

2616 CES Coalición por una Europa Solidaria Coalition for a Solidary Europe

Sweden 2701 C Centerpartiet Centre Party

2702 SD Sverigedemokraterna Sweden Democrats

2703 KD Kristdemokraterna Christian Democrats

2704 Pi Piratpartiet Pirate Party

2705 SAP Socialdemokratiska arbetarepartiet Social Democrats

2706 V Vansterpartiet

2707 FP Folkpartiet liberalerna People's Party

2708 M Moderata samlingspartiet

2709 Jl Junilistan June List

2710 Fi Feministiskt initiativ Feminist Initiative

2711 MP Miljopartiet de Grona Greens

UK 2801 WLD Welsh Liberal Democrats Welsh Liberal Democrats

2802 GP Green Party England & England & Wales

2803 UKIP United Kingdom Independence Party United Kingdom Independence Party

2804 SGP Scottish Green Party Scottish Green Party

2805 BNP British National Party British National Party

2806 Lab Labour Party Labour Party

2807 SDLP Social Democratic and Labour Party Social Democratic and Labour Party

2808 WLP Welsh Labour Party Welsh Labour Party

2809 Lib Liberal Democrats Liberal Democrats

2811 SNP Scottish National Party Scottish National Party

2812 UUP Ulster Unionist Party Ulster Unionist Party

2813 SCUP Scottish Conservative and Unionist Party Scottish Conservative and Unionist Party

2814 WCP Welsh Conservative Party Welsh Conservative Party

2815 SLP Scottish Labour Party Scottish Labour Party

2816 DUP Democratic Unionist Party Democratic Unionist Party

2817 SF Sinn Fein Sinn Fein

2818 SLD Scottish Liberal Democrats Scottish Liberal Democrats

2819 Con Conservative Party Conservative Party

2820 Plaid Plaid Cymru Plaid Cymru

2821 CUK Change UK Change UK

2822 BP Brexit Party Brexit Party