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REVIEWS OF THE RELATED LITERATURE While reading thesis, books and journals I have got reviews from the other scholars who have worked on major Indian literature. Malik,(2013) from the centre for comparative study of Indian Languages and cultural, Aligahrdh Muslim University has presented a paper in Asian journal of social science and humanities under the title “Cultural and Linguistic issues in Translation of fiction with special reference to Amin Kamil‟s short story The Cock Fight. This paper is based on the translation of a collection of stories “ Kashmiri Short stories.” He has chosen story The Cock fight .It is translated by M.S. Beigh. He wants to focus that translation process of the linguistic and cultural issues encountered in the original and how they were resolved in translation. Tamilselvi,(2013) Assistant professor of English ,at SFR college at Tamilnadu has written a paper in Criterion journal under the title; “ Depiction of Parsi World –view in selected Short Stories of Rohinton Mistry‟s Tales from Firozha Baag”(2013) The paper focuses on Rohan Mistry‟s experiences as a minority status. She illustrates how Mistry has depicted the life of Parsis their customs in the stories. He also records Parsi‟s social circumstances ,sense of isolation and ruthlessness ,tie them to gather and make them forge a bond of understanding as they struggle to survive. Roy,(2012) assistant professor in Karim city College, Jameshedpur has written an article in Criterion Journal under the title Re- Inscribing the mother within motherhood : A Feminist Reading of Shauna Singh Baldwin‟s Short Story Naina The paper examines to look at Naina‟s experience of motherhood as a deconstruction of the patriarchal maternity narrative and attempt to reclaim the subject-position of the mother through Dependence/Independence of motherhood from the father paternal authority on the material subject Mother-daughter relationship and linking Gestation and creativity . Rani (2014) researcher and scholar at JJT university at Jhunjhunu, has published a paper in criterion journal on Mahulika Chauhan‟s short story, “The One Night Affair and Other Stories .The book is related to the life of common people in natural setting .The story, “Benjarong” revolves around a house wife problems who faces economical upheaval which leads her in making compromise to manage household and upbringing of her two children. She writes that each story in his book is appealing. “Condolence” is another remarkable tale of a young girl who goes to her friend‟s house to mourn her mother‟s death. On seeing her condition without a mother, she realizes the importance of parents in her life and thus is a message the author wants to convey to the readers. Bhatt (2012) has written an article in the book New perspectives on Indian English Literature, under the title Ruskin Bond‟s Realistic characterization in The Night Train at Deoli and Other Stories. He has focused that Bond „s true greatness lies in his sharp observation, his knowledge of the joys and pains of ordinary ,humble folks ,his great sense of humor and his kindness for saints and sinner alike. He has observed that Bond‟s characters are realistic and live and most of the characters are villager‟s .Ruskin Bond made his characters absolutely real. His men and women really appear to be creatures of flesh and blood. Bhatt(2012) also has written an article in the book New perspectives on Indian English Literature, under the title, Ruskin Bond‟s Thematic Preoccupations in The Night Train at Deoli and Other Stories. He has focused various themes in the stories. He writes Bond‟s nature also includes hills and mountains ,rivers and springs ,lakes, and seas, earth ,and the sky, winds, woods, trees, plants, and flowers ,the sun, the moon, and stars etc .But his outlook is certainly different from the outlook is certainly different from outlook of others. He also writes that Bond regards nature a mere background but a wonderful power that influences our souls. He allows the bird and flowers .The trees and the rivers to speak, convey their own messages .He possesses not only sight, but also penetrates to the hearts of things and always finds some meaning in them. Joshi (2011) from the University of Pune has written a thesis on A Thematic study of Rudyard Kipling‟s Short Stories .He has taken major 150 stories of Rudyard Kipling. Where he has described the various themes of the stories of Kipling .He focused that Kipling‟s stories are full of adventures and bravery. Most of Kipling stories are written on the themes of life of army. The youth attracts the stories of Kipling. Hampamma (2013) has written a research paper in Wizeraft journal of language and literature under the title Rabindranath Tagore Once There was A King and Anita Desai‟s Games at Twilight: A Comparative study .He observes that Tagore and Anita Desai‟s short stories do not deal with incidents but with behavioral and express the hope and depressions, disappointments, and frustrations, joys and sorrows in human life and hence they can be explained on the basis of psychology. Once There Was A King is the story of a seven years old boy who substitutes himself to a characters in the fairy tale told by his mother. “Games at Twilight” is the story of a young boy who feels a sense of a disappointment at having been forgotten by one of his payments. Satyanarayan,.(2013) vice Principal at Balaji College of education, Anantapur has written a paper in Academic international journal under the title Rabindranath Tagore as a short story writer .He has discussed the short stories of Tagore during almost all the periods of his long career, though some of the best among them go back to the eighteen nineties. The recurring theme of the stories is the tears in things the heart-aches at the core of life, also the beauty that is sometimes refracted by the tears the truth that defies the lie or the sheer made thrill of pain. He has written that the short stories were really no more than by the by products turned out by the creative forge that was Rabindranath Tagore .The interest of the stories like Cabuliwallah, The post office, The Home Coming, The castaway, Subha and other stories of this paper lie mainly in the manner of narration and the portrayal of the main characters. She has also mention that the themes of these stories are the problems of the joint family system, evils of contemporary life traditions like Sati, dowry system, strong belief on supernatural powers, social criticism in a wide sense, love passionate as placid outside lies on born of conjugal bonds in its way, wardens and eccentricities about the pathos in the middle class families and suffering of women due to the evil customs and traditions. Swai, (2014) Assistant professor of Vidarbha Institute of Science and Humanities has written an article in Research Insight journal under the title Kleptomania. He defines word Kleptomania. It is a recurrent compulsion to steal without regard to the value or use of the objects stolen. Kleptomania is the title story in Manjula Padmanabhan‟s collection of short stories entitles “Kleptomania” Padmanabhan is one of the few Indian women writers in India who can describe sex and sexuality truthfully .Manjula Padmanabhan is a versatile writer .Her stories are based on real-life experiences and some are built around incidents that appear in the media. Ranawat (2014) has written an article in Innovative thoughts International journal under the title Women and Partion in selected short stories She has focused how women were suffered during the time of partition of India .She has narrated stories of Saddat Hassan Manto Open it!, Rajendra Singh Bedi‟s Lajwanti and Lalitam Bika‟s A leaf in the storm ,Jamila Hashmi‟s story Exile .These are beautiful narrated by the writers. They are also narrate pain and misery from the feminist perspective about the violence inflicted on women during partition .Apart from the age old political and social structure that discriminate against women ,natural calamities, political upheavals and wars added to women‟s burdens. The stories deal with women‟s burdens. The stories deal with women‟s issues talk of the atrocities inflicted upon women during partition and how they endeavor to restructure their life and survive have been discussed in the paper. Jolly, (2014) from C. M. College at Mahatma University has done research on Ramesh K. Shrivastava‟s stories ,the only contemporary Indian writer in English who contributes to Indian English Literature as a critic and as a novelist is no less significant but the contemporary literary world has accepted him as a short story writer of irrefutable creative force and distinguished literary talent. He has discussed in earlier chapters of research that Shrinivasva , is under the influence of his time and the changes that were taking place in the literary trends, has undergone changes in his expectations, approaches and outlook. He compares Ramesh Shrivastava‟s stories with great master of the short story writers like Edger Allan Poe, Chekhov, Ketherine Mensfield , Joseph Cornard and O‟ Henry .Ramesh Shrivastava endows his narrative with elusive element of human interest Themes of Shrivastava‟s stories have a realistic touch .Hunger ,starvation, deprivation, hypocrisy, pride, treachery, illiteracy, superstition and East-West interaction etc. As a writer Shirvastva believes in basic human goodness and values. Quite often Shrivastava makes the readers aware that in the present world human relations are not based on emotions of love but on selfish motives. Shrivastava‟s language runs so smoothly and expresses his select themes so impressively that reader‟s attention is distracted by its few minor limitations which are the innate traits of Indian writing in English.

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