DOCSLIB.ORG

5C542755afbe7-1323287-Sample.Pdf

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
5C542755afbe7-1323287-Sample.Pdf Notion Press Old No. 38, New No. 6 McNichols Road, Chetpet Chennai - 600 031 First Published by Notion Press 2019 Copyright © Cotton University 2019 All Rights Reserved. ISBN 978-1-68466-656-0 Cover Page Photography: Ar. Praschaya Kaushik This book has been published with all efforts taken to make the material error-free after the consent of the author. However, the author and the publisher do not assume and hereby disclaim any liability to any party for any loss, damage, or disruption caused by errors or omissions, whether such errors or omissions result from negligence, accident, or any other cause. No part of this book may be used, reproduced in any manner whatsoever without written permission from the author, except in the case of brief quotations embodied in critical articles and reviews. The editors, reviewers and the publisher shall not be responsible or liable to any person or entity with respect to any error, plagiarism, improper citations, credits and any loss, incidental or consequential commercial damages accruing thereof. CONTENTS Preface � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � vii Acknowledgements � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � xi List of Contributors � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � xiii 1. Contemporary Geospatial Technology and Current Requirements for Mapping Wetlands ������������������������������������������������������� 1 S.K. Patnaik 2. Mitigating extreme weather events through wetland conservation ����� 15 Vinay S P Sinha, Nehru Machineni, Prasoon Singh and Himani Singh 3. Development of Framework for the Assessment of Riverine Floodplain Wetland Inventory in Majuli Island, Assam, India . 27 B.P. Bhaskar and Utpal Baruah 4. Status of Wetlands in Kamrup District of Assam: A Geo-spatial Analysis . 57 Prasanna Boruah, Ramen Sarma, Rashmi Hazarika and Pradip Sharma 5. A Study on the Sources of Pollution in the Deepar Beel . 69 Dhwajendra Nath Das and Neeta Baishya iv | Contents 6. Socio-Ecological Importance of Wetland A Case Study on Rudrasagar Lake (Ramsar), Melaghar, Tripura ������������������������������������� 83 John Zothansanga Rokhum and Abhinandan Saikia 7. Degradation of Wetland (beel) Environment: A Case Study of Selected Wetlands (beels) of Sipajhar Revenue Circle, Darrang, Assam ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 97 Dhanjit Deka and Binod Kumar Nath 8. Change of Wetlands: A Threat to the Living Conditions of People in Guwahati city, Assam, India . 111 Praschaya Kaushik 9. Ecological Status of Wetlands in Barpeta District, Assam ����������������� 125 Anjan Deka and Mala Dutta 10. Dynamics of Decadal Landuse/landcover Change and Analysis of Certain Water Quality Parameters of Chandubi Lake, Assam, India . 137 Tanvi Hussain, Pankaj Gogoi, Kaustubh Rakshit, Jaideep Baruah and Arup Kumar Misra 11. Challenges to Traditional Livelihood Practices of Village Dwellers Around Dora Beel in Kamrup District, Assam ������������������� 153 Meghna Das and Barnali Gogoi 12. Study of Change in Water Level and Development of Interactive Gis Dashboard for the Ramsar Site ‘Deepor Beel’ using Space Technology and Python Script . 163 Amlan Saikia, Mustak Ali, Runjun Baruah, Utpal Sarma and Samiran Kalita 13. Environmental Status of Maguri Wetland (beel) Using Aquatic Insect Community as Bioindicator . 171 Arundhati Gogoi and Pradip Kr. Sarma Contents | v 14. Macrophytic Composition of Deepor Beel: The only Ramsar Site of Assam, India . 185 Samiran Kalita, Manisha Sharmah, Parthib Kashyap Sarma and Jaideep Baruah 15. An Analysis on the Livelihood Issues Related to the Wetlands: A Case Study of Samaguri and Gotanga Beels of Nagaon District, Assam ��������������������������������������������������������������������������� 193 Ananya Saikia and Pradip Sharma 16. The Deepar Beel catchment and landscape: A spatial assessment using Remote Sensing and GIS for facilitating management of sustainable ecosystem services ����������������������������������� 211 Partha Jyoti Das and Arup Kumar Das 17. Understanding the livelihood sources, benefits sharing and future aspects of the communities around Batha beel; Darrang District, Assam ������������������������������������������������������������������������� 229 Firdoushi Al Islam 18. Impacts of Urbanization on the Wetlands of Bashistha and Bahini-Bharalu River Basins in Guwahati, Assam . 241 Tarali Devi and Pradip Sharma 19. Gageli Beel and its Native Ichthyo-faunal Diversity: A Study with its various threats, challenges and measures ������������������������������� 255 Rajib Ratan Kashyap 20. Environmental Status of Selected Wetlands in Lower Part of Digaru and Kalong River Basin, Assam . 267 Dharma Ram Deka 21. Ecosystem Services, Traditional Ecological Knowledge and Culture: Case of the Chandhubi Lake, Assam . 277 Barsha Baishya vi | Contents 22. Formation and Subsequent Changes of Wetland Along the Course of South Dhansiri River ������������������������������������������������������������� 287 Nitashree Mili and Parmita Saikia 23. Alien Plant Invasions: An Emerging Threat to the Wetlands of Assam ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 299 Durlav Nr Singha and Gunajit Kalita 24. A Study of Fish Mortality by temperature in water of the Wetland Ecosystem . 317 Neeta Baishya and Dhwajendra Nath Das 25. Livelihood of Char Dwellers in the midst of the Brahmaputra: A Case Study of Chaprapara Char in Nalbari District ����������������������� 327 Abul Fazal Murtaza Ahmed and Parijat Borgohain 26. Assessment of Water Quality of the Batua Kamakhya Wetland of Nalbari District . 341 Rashmita Goswami 27. Land Use/land-cover Analysis for Conservation of Deeporbeel Area, Assam: a Geospatial Approach . 351 Parimita Saikia 28. Lands of India: a Review of Ramsar Sites ��������������������������������������������� 363 Vipin Solanki and Aparna Joshi Excerpts from the Keynote Speech � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 377 A Note on Stakeholders Meeting � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 381 CONTEMPORARY GEOSPATIAL TECHNOLOGY AND CURRENT REQUIREMENTS FOR MAPPING WETLANDS S.K. Patnaik Corresponding Author E-mail: [email protected] ABSTRACT: Wetlands are an integral part of the landscape ecosystem. Wetland/wetland vegetation Mapping and its importance has been witnessed and academics have been engaged since 1956. Ramsar Convention 1971 provided a platform for countries to work individually and collectively towards mapping and managing wetlands throughout the globe. India also prepared State-wise and National Wetland Atlas by 2013 at 1:50000 scale with wetland units less than 2.25ha area as points. This is a handicap for administration to identify, assess and implement management and conservation practices. These became target for encroachment, conversion to crop fields and settlements. A case study was done in 2014 for Jay Sagar Wetland area in Nagaon district and was found that it is used commercially by wet rice cultivation and fisheries. LandSat 8 for two time line and two seasons for the adjacent areas of Brahmaputra River covering districts of Nagaon, Morigaon, Darrang, Sonitpur have been processed for LULC with same training sets. LULC of year 2005 from Bhuvan have been utilized to compare estimates. NDWI have been derived to associate with the presence of wetlands in the area. Topographic Position Index (TPI) and Topographic Wetness Index (TWI) have been derived and related to the existing wetlands. The results are fuzzy and become unreliable, when a high accuracy data set is envisioned. Conservation and reclamation of wetlands are of prime importance now, as encroachment is a slow and continuous process besides altering the local hydrological and surface runoff routings. A policy for administrative interventions can be framed after visualization and estimation through 2 | Harnessing Wetlands for Sustainable Livelihood accurately defined extent at cadastral level for wetlands. Digital Land Records maintained by Administration can also be utilized in conjunction with satellite image based reconnaissance survey, GIS based modeling for surface hydrology and runoff routing and cadastral or mobile mapping; to map the wetlands accurately. Keywords: Ramsar Convention, wetland mapping, local hydrology, runoff routing, Topographic Position Index, border mapping INTRODUCTION Land has been the most valuable resource that has supported civilizations. Water is the indispensible resource that has facilitated civilizations to thrive. Drainage Basin has been the defining unit for provisioning of land and water resources at different levels; local to regional; that helped civilizations to colonize at few areas within its boundary. Different climate regimes have played their role in allowing or restricting human use of land and water. Brahmaputra River Basin covering an area of 712,035 km2 has an average discharge of 19,800 m3/s commands a huge hydro-geomorphological control. An area of 194,413 km2 is drained by Brahmaputra and its tributaries in India. Due to its vastness and its importance Brahmaputra River with average water Resource potential of 537240 million m3 and utilizable surface water resource of 24000 million m3; its parameters are extensively monitored by Central Water Commission through
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Ramsar Sites in Order of Addition to the Ramsar List of Wetlands of International Importance
    Ramsar sites in order of addition to the Ramsar List of Wetlands of International Importance RS# Country Site Name Desig’n Date 1 Australia Cobourg Peninsula 8-May-74 2 Finland Aspskär 28-May-74 3 Finland Söderskär and Långören 28-May-74 4 Finland Björkör and Lågskär 28-May-74 5 Finland Signilskär 28-May-74 6 Finland Valassaaret and Björkögrunden 28-May-74 7 Finland Krunnit 28-May-74 8 Finland Ruskis 28-May-74 9 Finland Viikki 28-May-74 10 Finland Suomujärvi - Patvinsuo 28-May-74 11 Finland Martimoaapa - Lumiaapa 28-May-74 12 Finland Koitilaiskaira 28-May-74 13 Norway Åkersvika 9-Jul-74 14 Sweden Falsterbo - Foteviken 5-Dec-74 15 Sweden Klingavälsån - Krankesjön 5-Dec-74 16 Sweden Helgeån 5-Dec-74 17 Sweden Ottenby 5-Dec-74 18 Sweden Öland, eastern coastal areas 5-Dec-74 19 Sweden Getterön 5-Dec-74 20 Sweden Store Mosse and Kävsjön 5-Dec-74 21 Sweden Gotland, east coast 5-Dec-74 22 Sweden Hornborgasjön 5-Dec-74 23 Sweden Tåkern 5-Dec-74 24 Sweden Kvismaren 5-Dec-74 25 Sweden Hjälstaviken 5-Dec-74 26 Sweden Ånnsjön 5-Dec-74 27 Sweden Gammelstadsviken 5-Dec-74 28 Sweden Persöfjärden 5-Dec-74 29 Sweden Tärnasjön 5-Dec-74 30 Sweden Tjålmejaure - Laisdalen 5-Dec-74 31 Sweden Laidaure 5-Dec-74 32 Sweden Sjaunja 5-Dec-74 33 Sweden Tavvavuoma 5-Dec-74 34 South Africa De Hoop Vlei 12-Mar-75 35 South Africa Barberspan 12-Mar-75 36 Iran, I. R.
    [Show full text]
  • World Bank Document
    Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Environmental and Social Assessment and Environmental and Social Management Framework for the National Agricultural Public Disclosure Authorized Innovation Project Indian Council for Agricultural Final Report -Volume II: Annexures Research December 2005 www.erm.com Annex A Select Examples of Proposals In NAIP, the emphasis will be on ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT integrated crop management as a AND RISK ASSESSMENT systems approach which would for address use of stress tolerant plant material, reducing biotic stresses, The Biotechnology priority enhancement in quality, use of bio- areas identified in NAIP pesticides and bio-agents for the management of insect pests and plant diseases for enhancing environmental quality and sustainability. 1. Gene discovery, genetic enhancement and allele mining: Given the limited scope for area a) Plants (coarse cereals, oilseeds and pulses, mango, cucurbits, medicinal and aromatic plants. expansion, enhanced productivity, b) Farm animals (buffalo, cattle, goats, swine and poultry) profitability and competitiveness and fishes (marine and inland). would be the main source of the 2. Targeted integration of genes and organelle agricultural growth in future and this transformation. should be triggered by advances, 3. Proteomics/ transcriptomics for response to biotic and innovations and applications of abiotic stresses in plants and animals. science in agriculture. 4. QTL identification, cloning and/or use in MAS of plants and animals. 1 5. Bio-prospecting the marine biota for novel genes, bioactive molecules and products. 6. Stem cell research in fishes and animals. • Plant scientists have been exploiting the existing variability for various traits and 7. Molecular diagnostics for plant pathogens.
    [Show full text]
  • WETLANDS of Himachal Pradesh Himachal Pradesh State Wetland Authority WETLANDS
    Major WETLANDS Of Himachal Pradesh Himachal Pradesh State Wetland Authority WETLANDS Wetlands are important features in the landscape that provide numerous benecial services for people, wildlife and aquatic species. Some of these services, or functions, include protecting and improving water quality, providing sh and wildlife habitats, storing oodwaters and maintaining surface water ow during dry periods. These valuable functions are the result of the unique natural characteristics of wetlands. Wetlands are among the most productive ecosystems in the world, comparable to rain forests and coral reefs. An immense variety of WETLANDS species of microbes, plants, insects, amphibians, Conservation Programme with the active reptiles, birds, sh and mammals can be part of a participation of all the stakeholders, keeping in view wetland ecosystem. Climate, landscape shape the requirement of multidisciplinary approach, (topology), geology and the movement and various Departments and Agencies such as Forests, abundance of water help to determine the plants Fisheries, Tourism, Industries, HP Environment and animals that inhabit each wetland. The complex, Protection and Pollution Control Board, dynamic relationships among the organisms Universities, Zoological Survey of India. National & inhabiting the wetland environment are called food State level research institutes are also actively webs. Wetlands can be thought of as "biological involved in the Wetland Conservation Programme. supermarkets." The core objective of the Ramsar convention dened Wetland Conservation Programme is to conserve wetlands as areas of marsh, fen, peat land or water, and restore wetlands with the active participation of whether natural or articial, permanent or t h e l o c a l c o m m u n i t y a t t h e p l a n n i n g , temporary, with water that is static or owing, fresh, implementation and monitoring level.
    [Show full text]
  • Banking and Finance Bundle
    RAMSAR SITES IN INDIA 2020 Dear Champions, here we are given the complete list of Ramsar Sites in India 2020 updated list (State- wise) as on August 2021 which is very important Static GK Topic for the persons who are all preparing for competitive exams like SBI Clerk, RRB PO, RRB Assistants, IBPS PO, IBPS Clerk, SBI PO, SSC Exams, Insurance exams, Railway exams, TNPSC, UPSC, etc. Ramsar convention on wetlands recognized by United Nations (UN) which is an Inter-governmental Treaty Organization for Global Conservation and Sustainable use of Wetlands. Ramsar convention was adopted in Ramsar, Iran in 1971 and Ramsar convention came into force in 1975. It is hosted and administrated by International Union for Conservation for Nature (IUCN). In recently August 2021, four new Ramsar Sites from Haryana (2) and Gujarat (2) added in the in the list. The total number of Ramsar sites in India 46. Read the complete list of Ramsar sities in India given below: List of Ramsar Sites in India (as on August 2021)-Updated List (State-Wise) Andhra Pradesh (1) ✓ Kolleru Lake Assam (1) ✓ Deepor Beel Bihar (1) ✓ Kabartal Wetland (2020) Gujarat (3) ✓ Nalsarovar Bird Sanctuary ✓ Thol Lake Wildlife Sanctuary (August 2021) ✓ Wadhvana Wetland (August 2021) Haryana (2) ✓ Bhindawas Wildlife Sanctuary (August 2021) ✓ Sultanpur National Park (August 2021) Himachal Pradesh (3) ✓ Chandertal Wetland ✓ Pong Dam Lake ✓ Renuka Wetland F o l l o w u s : YouTube, Website, Telegram, Instagram, Facebook. Page | 1 RAMSAR SITES IN INDIA 2020 Kerala (3) ✓ Asthamudi Wetland ✓ Sasthamkotta
    [Show full text]
  • Download Download
    Published online: December 15, 2020 ISSN : 0974-9411 (Print), 2231-5209 (Online) journals.ansfoundation.org Review Article A review on distribution and importance of wetlands in the perspective of India Ashish Kumar Arya* Department of Environmental Science, Graphic Era University, Dehradun (Uttarakhand), India Article Info Kamal Kant Joshi https://doi.org/10.31018/ Department of Environmental Science, Graphic Era Hill University, Dehradun (Uttarakhand), jans.v12i4.2412 India Received: October 28, 2020 Archana Bachheti Revised: December 11, 2020 Department of Environmental Science, Graphic Era University, Dehradun (Uttarakhand), India Accepted: December 13, 2020 Deepti Department of Environmental Science, Graphic Era University, Dehradun (Uttarakhand), India *Corresponding author. Email: [email protected] How to Cite Arya A. K. et al. (2020). A review on distribution and importance of wetlands in the perspective of India. Journal of Applied and Natural Science, 12(4):710 - 720. https://doi.org/10.31018/jans.v12i4.2412 Abstract Biodiversity is not equally distributed across the world. It depends on the type of various habitats and food availability. In these habitats, wetlands play an import role to increase the biodiversity of the particular area. Many studies have focused on various habitats to conserve biodiversity. However, the wetland studies are very few due to the lack of information on their distribution and importance. The present review focusses on the wetland status and their importance in India. India has vibrant and diverse wetland ecosystems that support immense biodiversity. The wetlands are unique habitats which provide ecological, social and economic values. However, rapid urbanization, industrialization and uncontrolled agricultural practices have pressurized to shrink the wetlands in India.
    [Show full text]
  • Wetlands of Majuli: the Second Largest River Island of the World Majuli, the Largest Human Inhabited River Island of Assam
    HHimalayanimalayan EEcologycology ISSN: 2277-9000 Vol. 11 (3), 2014 Inside the issue ... Securing the future of Himalayan Wetlands The wetlands of Indian Himalayan Region (IHR)..... Page 1 Wetlands of Majuli: The second largest river island of the world Majuli, the largest human inhabited river island of Assam..... Page 3 Aquaculture and Ecotourism Potential in Arunachal Pradesh: Mehao and Ganga lakes Sharma Subrat credit: Photo Arunachal Pradesh lying within the high An arial view of Loktak Lake precipitation zone is..... Page 4 Loktak Lake: A fresh water lake of Securing the future of Himalayan wetlands International Importance in NE India Loktak lake located in the Bishnupur..... he wetlands of Indian Himalayan Region February, marks the date of the adoption of the Page 5 T(IHR) scattered in different geographical Convention on Wetlands on 2 February, 1971 regions from high altitude cold arid zone of Ladakh in Iran. Deepor Beel: The Ramsar Site of Assam to the flood plains of Brahmaputra, are mosaic of The growing concern about the Deepor Beel Wildlife Sanctuary and the Ramsar site..... varying sizes ranging from lentic to lotic habitats. conservation of wetland biodiversity has led They have a great role to play in preserving the the search for more eco-friendly, sustainable Page 6 earth’s fragile eco-system and are regarded as direct and more effective as well as economic Lakes of Kumaun in Uttarakhand: or indirect life supporting systems for millions of strategies. Identification of the key drivers Temporal variation in water..... living beings having great economic, aesthetic and of wetland change and adoption of suitable Uttarakhand state comprises two major scientific importance.
    [Show full text]
  • Ramsar-Sites-In-India.Pdf
    Ramsar Sites in India - List of Ramsar Sites Ramsar Sites are the wetlands that have international importance. The term was coined when the International Treaty for the Conservation and Sustainable Use of Wetlands was signed at a city of Iran called Ramsar in 1971. The topic, 'Ramsar Sites of India' is important for the upcoming IAS Exam as recently Sambhar Lake had been in the news for its deterioration over salt mining. Sambhar Lake is a Ramsar Site in India. Hence, candidates should read about Ramsar Sites and the Ramsar Convention for UPSC preparation. Read on to get the relevant facts about Ramsar Sites and the list of Ramsar Sites. Ramsar Sites in India - Latest Addition In December 2020, the Tso Kar Wetland Complex was added to the list of Ramsar sites in India. This includes the high-altitude wetland complex of two connected lakes, Startsapuk Tso and Tso Kar, in Ladakh. The following sites have been added as the recognized Ramsar Sites in India: 1. Maharashtra - Lonar Lake 2. Agra (Uttar Pradesh) - Sur Sarovar also called, Keetham Lake 3. Uttarakhand - Asan Barrage 4. Bihar - Kanwar Lake or Kabal Taal Facts about Ramsar Sites & Indian Wetlands The table below provides relevant facts in brief for the use in UPSC Exam: Ramsar Sites in India & Indian Wetlands What are Ramsar Any wetland site which has been listed under the Ramsar Convention that aims to Sites? conserve it and promote sustainable use of its natural resources is called a Ramsar Site. Ramsar Convention is known as the Convention of Wetlands. It was established in 1971 What is the Ramsar by UNESCO and came into force in 1975.
    [Show full text]
  • Ramsar Sites in India
    NATIONAL IAS ACADEMY SUPER40 (BOOKLET NUMBER – 10) CONTACT: 9632334466 PRESENTS SUPER 40 SERIES TOP 40 PDFS FOR UPSC PRELIMINARY EXAM 2019 BOOKLET NUMBER - 10 RAMSAR SITES IN INDIA VIJAYANAGAR BRANCH: #3444, ‘KARMA KOUSHALYA BHAVAN’, CHORD ROAD, OPPOSITE TO ATTIGUPPE METRO STATION, VIJAYANAGAR, BANGALORE – 540040 JAYANAGAR BRANCH: LUCKY PARADISE, 2ND FLOOR, 8TH F MAIN ROAD, 22ND CROSS, OPPOSITE TO ICICI BANK, 3RD BLOCK, JAYANAGAR, BANGALORE -560011 1 | P a g e NATIONAL IAS ACADEMY SUPER40 (BOOKLET NUMBER – 10) CONTACT: 9632334466 2 | P a g e NATIONAL IAS ACADEMY SUPER40 (BOOKLET NUMBER – 10) CONTACT: 9632334466 RAMSAR SITES IN INDIA Ramsar is a city in Iran. In 1971, an international treaty for conservation and sustainable use of wetlands was signed at Ramsar. The Convention’s mission is “the conservation and wise use of all wetlands through local and national actions and international cooperation, as a contribution towards achieving sustainable development throughout the world”. ASHTAMUDI WETLAND It is in Kerala. A natural backwater in Kollam district. River Kallada and Pallichal drains into it. It forms an estuary with Sea at Neendakara which is a famous fishing harbour in Kerala. National Waterway 3 passes through it. Most tastiest backwater fish in kerala, the Karimeen of kanjiracode Kayal is from Ashtamudi Lake. BHITAKANIKA MANGROVES It is in Odisha. In 1975, an area of 672 km2 was declared the Bhitarkanika Wildlife Sanctuary. The core area of the sanctuary, with an area of 145 km2, was declared Bhitarkanika National Park in September 1998. Gahirmatha Marine Wildlife Sanctuary, which bounds the Bhitarkanika Wildlife Sanctuary to the east, was created in September 1997, and encompasses Gahirmatha Beach and an adjacent portion of the Bay of Bengal.
    [Show full text]
  • Awareness of the Students Regarding Wetland in Goalpara District of Assam: a Study
    Turkish Journal of Computer and Mathematics Education Vol.12 No.12 (2021), 3408-3412 Research Article Awareness of the students regarding wetland in Goalpara District of Assam: A Study Ayesha Siddika Research Scholar- Education, cotton university, Guwahati, Assam Article History: Received: 11 January 2021; Revised: 12 February 2021; Accepted: 27 March 2021; Published online: 23 May 2021 ABSTRACT The paper will highlight the knowledge and awareness of the under graduate students about the importance of wetland in Goalpara district of Assam. Wetland is a natural home for many species, it provides many resources to us and also plays a very important role in maintaining a balance in our environment. For example it works as a pollution filter, it can control flood etc. Assam has 3,513 Wetlands, among them one wetland (Deepor Beel) in Kamrup district has been listed as a Ramsar Site under the Ramsar Convention in November 2002. In the present study descriptive survey method has been used and 100 under graduate students (arts stream) from Lakhipur College are selected as a sample by using purposive sampling method. Two Self constructed questionnaires are used to collect the required data for the study. The study is based on primary data. Suggestions are also given to create awareness among the students regarding the importance of the wetlands. Key words- knowledge, awareness, wetlands etc Introduction Wetlands occur where water meets land. It includes mangroves, marshes, peat lands, rivers, lakes, floodplains, deltas, flooded forest, and coral reefs ad rice-fields. February 2 is celebrated as the world wetland day to create awareness about the importance of wetland.
    [Show full text]
  • Quantitative Assessment of Water of Rudrasagar Lake, Tripura, India
    Available online www.ejaet.com European Journal of Advances in Engineering and Technology, 2016, 3(3): 45-48 Research Article ISSN: 2394 - 658X Quantitative Assessment of Water of Rudrasagar Lake, Tripura, India Joyanta Pal 1, Manish Pal 1, Pankaj Kumar Roy 2and Asis Mazumdar 2 1 Department of Civil Engineering, National Institute of Technology Agartala, India 2School of Water Resource Engineering, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, India [email protected] _____________________________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACT Rudrasagar Lake is one of the prominent tourist destinations in north eastern part of India which surrounds Neermahal Palace. It is also declared as Ramsar site (i.e. a wetland of international importance). The surrounding Lake area was initially developed based on the fishing activity in the lake, although later on people started agricultural activity too. People in the surrounded village area of the Lake mainly use groundwater for fulfilling their water demand, in spite of the presence of the Lake. Even for irrigation purpose groundwater is used. Moreover, treated water is not available to all the households in the nearby village area. Whereas the excess water of the lake is discharged into the river, through connecting Kachigang channel, without proper utilization. In this study a quantitative assessment of water of Rudrasagar lake has been done for possible use of drinking and Irrigation etc. For the evaluation of quantity of water, the hydrologic simulation model has been used using HEC- HMS software. From the observation of model discharge of the Lake water, for various season viz. Pre Monsoon, Monsoon and Post monsoon during the period 2006-2015, it has been found that minimum discharge is 0.41m3/s during pre monsoon and maximum discharge is 6.77m3/s during monsoon.
    [Show full text]
  • Chapter 4 Wetlands – Protecting Water and Life
    Chapter 4 Wetlands – Protecting Water and Life Introduction 1. It is increasingly being realised that the planet Earth is facing grave environmental problems, with fast depleting natural resources threatening the very existence of many ecosystems. One of the important ecosystem under consideration is Wetlands. Wetlands are areas of land that are either seasonally or permanently covered by water, or nearly saturated by water. This means that a wetland is neither truly aquatic nor terrestrial; although in some cases, wetlands can switch between being aquatic or terrestrial for periods of time depending on seasonal variability. Thus, wetlands exhibit enormous diversity according to their genesis, geographical location, water regime and chemistry, dominant plants and soil or sediment characteristics. Because of their transitional nature, the boundaries of wetlands are often difficult to define. Wetlands do, however, share a few attributes common to all forms. Of these, hydrological structure (the dynamics of water supply, throughput, storage and loss) is most fundamental to the nature of a wetland system. The presence of water for a significant period of time is principally responsible for the development of a wetland. 2. One of the first widely used classifications systems, devised by Cowardin et al (1979), associated the wetlands with their hydrological, ecological and geological aspects, such as: marine (coastal wetlands including rock shores and coral reefs, estuarine (including deltas, tidal marshes, and mangrove swamps), lacustarine (lakes), riverine (along rivers and streams), palustarine ('marshy'- marshes, swamps and bogs). Given these characteristics, wetlands support a large variety of plant and animal species adapted to fluctuating water levels, making the wetlands of critical ecological significance.
    [Show full text]
  • Ramsar Sites India
    Ramsar Sites Information Service Annotated List of Wetlands of International Importance India 46 Ramsar Site(s) covering 1,083,322 ha Asan Conservation Reserve Site number: 2,437 | Country: India | Administrative region: Uttarakhand Area: 444.4 ha | Coordinates: 30°26'01"N 77°40'58"E | Designation dates: 21-07-2020 View Site details in RSIS The Asan Conservation Reserve is a 444-hectare stretch of the Asan River running down to its confluence with the Yamuna River in Dehradun district of Uttarakhand. The damming of the River by the Asan Barrage in 1967 resulted in siltation above the dam wall, which helped to create some of the Site’s bird- friendly habitats. These habitats support 330 species of birds including the critically endangered red- headed vulture (Sarcogyps calvus), white-rumped vulture (Gyps bengalensis) and Baer’s pochard (Aythya baeri). More than 1% of the biogeographical populations of two waterbird species have been recorded, these being red-crested pochard (Netta rufina) and ruddy shelduck (Tadorna ferruginea). Other non-avian species present include 49 fish species, one of these being the endangered Putitor mahseer (Tor putitora). Fish use the site for feeding, migration and spawning. As well as this support for biodiversity and the hydro-electricity production of the Barrage, the Site’s role in maintaining hydrological regimes is important. Ashtamudi Wetland Site number: 1,204 | Country: India | Administrative region: Kerala State Area: 6,140 ha | Coordinates: 08°57'N 76°34'59"E | Designation dates: 19-08-2002 View Site details in RSIS Ashtamudi Wetland. 19/08/02. Kerala. 61,400 ha.
    [Show full text]